Therapists in Bradley Beach, NJ

Photo of Amanda Figurelli, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amanda Figurelli
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Online Only
Therapy is a deeply personal and enlightening journey. Healing is at the heart of my practice - what you will experience with me is empathy, non-judgmental compassion, and authenticity. Together we will gently explore what may be causing you pain. I aim to make therapy a rewarding process by helping you learn to lead yourself in the present; making conscious choices over automatic default patterns of thinking or behaviors that once seemed impossible to change.
Therapy is a deeply personal and enlightening journey. Healing is at the heart of my practice - what you will experience with me is empathy, non-judgmental compassion, and authenticity. Together we will gently explore what may be causing you pain. I aim to make therapy a rewarding process by helping you learn to lead yourself in the present; making conscious choices over automatic default patterns of thinking or behaviors that once seemed impossible to change.
(848) 345-5269 View (848) 345-5269
Photo of Jessica DeMaio, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Jessica DeMaio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Bradley Beach, NJ 07720
Life can be painful. When we struggle, it's often because we're having normal reactions to abnormal circumstances. We live in an unpredictable world that can feel dismissive of just how hard it is to be a human. I consider it a privilege to help others reconnect with their innate wisdom. I approach the therapy relationship with a genuine, compassionate, and non-judgmental style and work best with clients who are struggling with the impact of trauma, emotion dysregulation, dissociation, self injury, depression, anxiety, and challenges specific to the LGBTQ+ community.
Life can be painful. When we struggle, it's often because we're having normal reactions to abnormal circumstances. We live in an unpredictable world that can feel dismissive of just how hard it is to be a human. I consider it a privilege to help others reconnect with their innate wisdom. I approach the therapy relationship with a genuine, compassionate, and non-judgmental style and work best with clients who are struggling with the impact of trauma, emotion dysregulation, dissociation, self injury, depression, anxiety, and challenges specific to the LGBTQ+ community.
(908) 386-5074 View (908) 386-5074
Photo of Janine Baadarani - Baadarani Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Baadarani Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Feeling overwhelmed? Tired of feeling the same way? Are you at a cross roads? Do you want a more intentional clearer path and a life of joy? My clients have shared they feel more understood and strong through this process. They are living their lives without a cloud of the past and overwhelming feelings. As a therapist I empower my clients with the tools and confidence to move through these feeling and situations. Each day is an opportunity to make new choices; creating new feelings, new experiences.
Feeling overwhelmed? Tired of feeling the same way? Are you at a cross roads? Do you want a more intentional clearer path and a life of joy? My clients have shared they feel more understood and strong through this process. They are living their lives without a cloud of the past and overwhelming feelings. As a therapist I empower my clients with the tools and confidence to move through these feeling and situations. Each day is an opportunity to make new choices; creating new feelings, new experiences.
(732) 838-9252 View (732) 838-9252
Photo of Amy Ryan - Amy Ryan Counseling, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Amy Ryan Counseling, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Bradley Beach, NJ 07720
Each one of us cannot escape LOSS or CHANGE. Throughout our lives we experience moments that bring us joy, as well as those that test our strength. You need an emotionally safe environment to allow yourself to see different perspectives, to remember your strengths and to change negative thoughts/feelings. I use my "down to Earth" approach and sense of humor to help you feel comfortable in expressing yourself. I validate feelings, yet challenge the negativity.
Each one of us cannot escape LOSS or CHANGE. Throughout our lives we experience moments that bring us joy, as well as those that test our strength. You need an emotionally safe environment to allow yourself to see different perspectives, to remember your strengths and to change negative thoughts/feelings. I use my "down to Earth" approach and sense of humor to help you feel comfortable in expressing yourself. I validate feelings, yet challenge the negativity.
(848) 216-0616 View (848) 216-0616
Photo of Jane Sullivan Dougherty, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Jane Sullivan Dougherty
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Bradley Beach, NJ 07720
Welcome! I am Jane Sullivan Dougherty, a dedicated and licensed professional counselor with a passion for successfully helping individuals navigate life's challenges and achieve emotional well-being. Whether you are experiencing anxiety, depression, mood disorders, relationship stress, loss, difficult transitions or sexuality issues, I am committed to providing a safe and supportive space where clients can explore their thoughts and feelings without judgment while implementing effective strategies to manage and improve your situations and outlook.
Welcome! I am Jane Sullivan Dougherty, a dedicated and licensed professional counselor with a passion for successfully helping individuals navigate life's challenges and achieve emotional well-being. Whether you are experiencing anxiety, depression, mood disorders, relationship stress, loss, difficult transitions or sexuality issues, I am committed to providing a safe and supportive space where clients can explore their thoughts and feelings without judgment while implementing effective strategies to manage and improve your situations and outlook.
(732) 387-6473 View (732) 387-6473
Photo of Matthew Whaley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SEP, QGT
Matthew Whaley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SEP, QGT
3 Endorsed
Bradley Beach, NJ 07720
I work with diverse clients and issues, including anxiety, depression, trauma, addiction and relationships (including LGBT). Our behavior patterns are our "creative adjustments" to life circumstances that were unresolvable with the resources we had at the time. I facilitate a compassionate self-awareness of "how" we do those patterns, looking to build the resources needed in the present. Change requires a new "experience" in the present and self-compassion is the best predictor of a good therapeutic outcome. Let's focus less on what "isn't" working in your life and more on accessing and building upon what "is" working NOW.
I work with diverse clients and issues, including anxiety, depression, trauma, addiction and relationships (including LGBT). Our behavior patterns are our "creative adjustments" to life circumstances that were unresolvable with the resources we had at the time. I facilitate a compassionate self-awareness of "how" we do those patterns, looking to build the resources needed in the present. Change requires a new "experience" in the present and self-compassion is the best predictor of a good therapeutic outcome. Let's focus less on what "isn't" working in your life and more on accessing and building upon what "is" working NOW.
(646) 663-5924 View (646) 663-5924
Photo of Hannah Klein, Counselor, LCPC, LPC
Hannah Klein
Counselor, LCPC, LPC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hannah creates a nonjudgmental space for clients and emphasizes curiosity of self. She views therapy as a collaborative process and utilizes Person-Centered approach, IFS, EMDR, and attachment theory to uncover your self-compassion and strength. She harnesses elements of CBT and DBT to help clients access individualized coping skills.
Hannah creates a nonjudgmental space for clients and emphasizes curiosity of self. She views therapy as a collaborative process and utilizes Person-Centered approach, IFS, EMDR, and attachment theory to uncover your self-compassion and strength. She harnesses elements of CBT and DBT to help clients access individualized coping skills.
(732) 592-9205 View (732) 592-9205
Photo of Alyssa Somohano, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC
Alyssa Somohano
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC
Online Only
Welcome! I'm Alyssa and I'm a social worker and addiction counselor. I recognize how daunting the process of starting with a therapist can be, so I aim to make therapy feel safe and comfortable for everyone. I believe that therapy should be collaborative and will work with you to build the life you want to have.
Welcome! I'm Alyssa and I'm a social worker and addiction counselor. I recognize how daunting the process of starting with a therapist can be, so I aim to make therapy feel safe and comfortable for everyone. I believe that therapy should be collaborative and will work with you to build the life you want to have.
(732) 314-3502 View (732) 314-3502
Photo of Claire Shindler, Psychologist, PhD
Claire Shindler
Psychologist, PhD
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Some concerns that bring people to me are their experience of loneliness, depression, and anxiety; feelings of worry, emptiness, and sadness; a search for connection and meaning in relationships and work; life transitions; perfectionism; self-doubt; relationship difficulties; divorce; searching for life direction and a sense of purpose; loss and grief. I work with people through collaborative, interactive conversation to help them gain insight, to develop strategies to approach their life challenges, and to feel known and understood. People describe me as empathic, genuine, and with a sense of humor.
Some concerns that bring people to me are their experience of loneliness, depression, and anxiety; feelings of worry, emptiness, and sadness; a search for connection and meaning in relationships and work; life transitions; perfectionism; self-doubt; relationship difficulties; divorce; searching for life direction and a sense of purpose; loss and grief. I work with people through collaborative, interactive conversation to help them gain insight, to develop strategies to approach their life challenges, and to feel known and understood. People describe me as empathic, genuine, and with a sense of humor.
(978) 849-3332 View (978) 849-3332
Photo of S Pace - Dynamic Counseling Solutions LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCADC, LCSW
Dynamic Counseling Solutions LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCADC, LCSW
Serves Area
At Dynamic Counseling Solutions, we specialize in helping children, teens, and families navigate life’s challenges with resilience and confidence. Whether your child is struggling with anxiety, school refusal, emotional outbursts, or difficulty adjusting to change, we’re here to support your family with care, expertise, and compassion. We understand that parenting in today’s world can feel overwhelming, and that kids and teens often express emotional pain in ways that are hard to interpret. Our therapists build trusting, age-appropriate relationships with young clients to help them feel safe, heard, and empowered.
At Dynamic Counseling Solutions, we specialize in helping children, teens, and families navigate life’s challenges with resilience and confidence. Whether your child is struggling with anxiety, school refusal, emotional outbursts, or difficulty adjusting to change, we’re here to support your family with care, expertise, and compassion. We understand that parenting in today’s world can feel overwhelming, and that kids and teens often express emotional pain in ways that are hard to interpret. Our therapists build trusting, age-appropriate relationships with young clients to help them feel safe, heard, and empowered.
(848) 216-7404 View (848) 216-7404
Photo of Amelia Vitale, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Amelia Vitale
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
What if you could learn to embrace the parts of yourself that feel anxious or sad? Through Internal Family Systems therapy, we’ll work together to break free from unhelpful emotions and behaviors, finding harmony with all the intricate parts of you—even the ones you might see as unlovable.
What if you could learn to embrace the parts of yourself that feel anxious or sad? Through Internal Family Systems therapy, we’ll work together to break free from unhelpful emotions and behaviors, finding harmony with all the intricate parts of you—even the ones you might see as unlovable.
(848) 375-0038 View (848) 375-0038
Photo of Donna Mieloch, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Donna Mieloch
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Not accepting new clients
Hi! I know reaching out to a therapist can feel overwhelming and intimidating- I commend you for taking that first step toward change. I believe that we all deserve to feel happiness and at peace in our lives. My goal as a therapist is to provide a non-judgmental, empowering, and safe environment, while supporting my clients through their journey of growth and self-acceptance. I am a licensed professional counselor and board certified dance/movement therapist. I work with adults who are dealing with depression; anxiety; infertility, pregnancy and postpartum issues; relationship issues; major life changes; and stress.
Hi! I know reaching out to a therapist can feel overwhelming and intimidating- I commend you for taking that first step toward change. I believe that we all deserve to feel happiness and at peace in our lives. My goal as a therapist is to provide a non-judgmental, empowering, and safe environment, while supporting my clients through their journey of growth and self-acceptance. I am a licensed professional counselor and board certified dance/movement therapist. I work with adults who are dealing with depression; anxiety; infertility, pregnancy and postpartum issues; relationship issues; major life changes; and stress.
(732) 538-8998 View (732) 538-8998
Photo of Mackenzie McDermott - Mental Health Association of Monmouth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mental Health Association of Monmouth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Serves Area
If you’re a New Jersey resident aged 10 or older and looking for support, you’ve come to the right place. Whether you’re feeling stressed, navigating a big life change, or just not feeling like yourself—maybe struggling at school, work, or in relationships—we’re here to help. We offer flexible scheduling and treatment options, and our team works with you every step of the way to build skills, gain insight, and support your healing so you can feel more balanced and confident in your daily life.
If you’re a New Jersey resident aged 10 or older and looking for support, you’ve come to the right place. Whether you’re feeling stressed, navigating a big life change, or just not feeling like yourself—maybe struggling at school, work, or in relationships—we’re here to help. We offer flexible scheduling and treatment options, and our team works with you every step of the way to build skills, gain insight, and support your healing so you can feel more balanced and confident in your daily life.
(848) 371-0398 View (848) 371-0398
Photo of Patricia Bernstein, Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC, LPC
Patricia Bernstein
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC, LPC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
We exist at a time in which the "unprecedented" occurs daily, in which women feel pressure to function at full capacity as a mother, wife, daughter, and employee simultaneously at all times, in which we send our children out into a world that we cannot trust will keep them safe, in which our neighbors live in constant fear for their own safety, rights, and livelihoods. It only makes sense that we feel exhausted, helpless, and anxious. It can be so hard to find the beauty that remains, but it does remain. We can find ways to reclaim some of the calm, safety, and ease that we have lost.
We exist at a time in which the "unprecedented" occurs daily, in which women feel pressure to function at full capacity as a mother, wife, daughter, and employee simultaneously at all times, in which we send our children out into a world that we cannot trust will keep them safe, in which our neighbors live in constant fear for their own safety, rights, and livelihoods. It only makes sense that we feel exhausted, helpless, and anxious. It can be so hard to find the beauty that remains, but it does remain. We can find ways to reclaim some of the calm, safety, and ease that we have lost.
(914) 342-7249 View (914) 342-7249
Photo of Haley Rottenberg, Psychologist, PsyD
Haley Rottenberg
Psychologist, PsyD
5 Endorsed
Serves Area
Dr. Rottenberg is a clinical psychologist, licensed in New Jersey, New York, and all PSYPACT states. Dr. Rottenberg specializes in evidence based treatments for children, adolescents, and adults. She uses Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) to help you learn skills to effectively manage thoughts, emotions, and urges. Dr. Rottenberg's approach of acceptance and change will help you to understand and validate your current experience while moving toward your life worth living.
Dr. Rottenberg is a clinical psychologist, licensed in New Jersey, New York, and all PSYPACT states. Dr. Rottenberg specializes in evidence based treatments for children, adolescents, and adults. She uses Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) to help you learn skills to effectively manage thoughts, emotions, and urges. Dr. Rottenberg's approach of acceptance and change will help you to understand and validate your current experience while moving toward your life worth living.
(201) 992-4484 View (201) 992-4484
Photo of Karen Bright-Papeo, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Karen Bright-Papeo
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
Hi, I am a licensed professional counselor in NJ since 2005 but started in the field in 1992. I have worked with people in a number of different settings as well as with different diagnosis. I've spent a large portion of my career helping with loss and grief and another part helping parents navigate the tween and teen years and how to cope with children who might have a mental health diagnosis or challenge. I only have 7am's in the self scheduling part of this page but have other availability- once you book I'll reach out and we'll see if a different day/time works better!
Hi, I am a licensed professional counselor in NJ since 2005 but started in the field in 1992. I have worked with people in a number of different settings as well as with different diagnosis. I've spent a large portion of my career helping with loss and grief and another part helping parents navigate the tween and teen years and how to cope with children who might have a mental health diagnosis or challenge. I only have 7am's in the self scheduling part of this page but have other availability- once you book I'll reach out and we'll see if a different day/time works better!
(732) 392-7380 View (732) 392-7380
Photo of Janelle Kreps, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Janelle Kreps
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
I specialize in trauma-informed therapy, which pulls from a variety of approaches, most often cognitive behavioral work. I help adolescents and adults navigate complex PTSD, childhood trauma, sexual abuse, religious trauma, and mood disorders in order to improve their everyday lived experience. I utilize an integrative and trauma-informed approach to help you overcome symptoms and achieve your goals. Together, we'll build a strong base of coping skills—relaxation, movement, and creativity—so you can comfortably process what you need to in session and manage symptoms between sessions.
I specialize in trauma-informed therapy, which pulls from a variety of approaches, most often cognitive behavioral work. I help adolescents and adults navigate complex PTSD, childhood trauma, sexual abuse, religious trauma, and mood disorders in order to improve their everyday lived experience. I utilize an integrative and trauma-informed approach to help you overcome symptoms and achieve your goals. Together, we'll build a strong base of coping skills—relaxation, movement, and creativity—so you can comfortably process what you need to in session and manage symptoms between sessions.
(848) 360-6385 View (848) 360-6385
Photo of Adrienne Wert, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Adrienne Wert
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Serves Area
Life is hard, working as a therapist to help clients overcome obstacles and achieve their optimal potential is the most rewarding part of my practice. I believe in client focused treatment, where therapist and client collaborate in the healing process. Mindful attunement can cultivate self awareness and self compassion. Depending on the goodness of fit, I am well trained and use a variety of treatments, including, Rational Emotive Therapy, CBT and DBT. I incorporate psychodrama when appropriate and beneficial to the Client.
Life is hard, working as a therapist to help clients overcome obstacles and achieve their optimal potential is the most rewarding part of my practice. I believe in client focused treatment, where therapist and client collaborate in the healing process. Mindful attunement can cultivate self awareness and self compassion. Depending on the goodness of fit, I am well trained and use a variety of treatments, including, Rational Emotive Therapy, CBT and DBT. I incorporate psychodrama when appropriate and beneficial to the Client.
(732) 422-5148 View (732) 422-5148

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Rachel LaBarre - Rachel LaBarre - Anxiety, Depression & Teens, Associate Counselor, LAC
Rachel LaBarre - Anxiety, Depression & Teens
Associate Counselor, LAC
2 Endorsed
Manalapan, NJ 07726
I am a licensed associate counselor and board-certified music therapist. I have experience in a variety of populations across the lifespan. Some of my clinical experiences include working with individuals with developmental disabilities, traumatic brain injuries, inpatient psychiatric, hospice, and private practice.
I am a licensed associate counselor and board-certified music therapist. I have experience in a variety of populations across the lifespan. Some of my clinical experiences include working with individuals with developmental disabilities, traumatic brain injuries, inpatient psychiatric, hospice, and private practice.
(848) 277-0846 View (848) 277-0846
Photo of Amy Lynn McGowan Dowd, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Amy Lynn McGowan Dowd
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
1 Endorsed
Spring Lake, NJ 07762
Finding a therapist you truly connect with — someone you trust and feel safe opening up to — can feel overwhelming. That connection matters. My goal is to provide a warm, non-judgmental space where you feel heard, understood, and supported. Together, we’ll process what feels heavy, clarify meaningful goals, and build practical tools for daily life. I use evidence-based approaches including CBT, DBT, Motivational Interviewing, and Solution-Focused Therapy to help you manage anxiety, depression, stress, and emotional challenges while creating lasting change.
Finding a therapist you truly connect with — someone you trust and feel safe opening up to — can feel overwhelming. That connection matters. My goal is to provide a warm, non-judgmental space where you feel heard, understood, and supported. Together, we’ll process what feels heavy, clarify meaningful goals, and build practical tools for daily life. I use evidence-based approaches including CBT, DBT, Motivational Interviewing, and Solution-Focused Therapy to help you manage anxiety, depression, stress, and emotional challenges while creating lasting change.
(732) 756-1230 View (732) 756-1230

See more therapy options for Bradley Beach

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bradley Beach, NJ

10+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Bradley Beach, NJ who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
94% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
78% Women's Issues
72% Self Esteem
67% Stress
56% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
79% Cigna and Evernorth
71% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Bradley Beach, NJ see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

94% Female
6% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bradley Beach?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.