Therapists in Irving, TX

Photo of Michael R. Denson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Irving, TX
Michael R. Denson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMFT, CEAP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Irving, TX 75063
My goal is to build self-esteem and to create a sense of empowerment in each person with whom I work. My work is with all ages through various modalities, including play therapy, games, crafts, and traditional counseling techniques. Children and adolescents are guided to develop effective techniques for navigating the issues and concerns that are encountered during the developmental and formative years. Similarly, I work with adults in showing how to work through the various obstacles and difficulties - both internal and external - that are encountered throughout life.
My goal is to build self-esteem and to create a sense of empowerment in each person with whom I work. My work is with all ages through various modalities, including play therapy, games, crafts, and traditional counseling techniques. Children and adolescents are guided to develop effective techniques for navigating the issues and concerns that are encountered during the developmental and formative years. Similarly, I work with adults in showing how to work through the various obstacles and difficulties - both internal and external - that are encountered throughout life.
(972) 299-8673 View (972) 299-8673
Photo of Katie Davidson, Psychological Associate in Irving, TX
Katie Davidson
Psychological Associate, MA, LPA, LCDC, RYT500
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Irving, TX 75038  (Online Only)
If you are finding anxiety and depression, traumatic events from the past, substance use, or other mental health issues are playing a larger role in your life than you would like, it may be time to connect with a professional to help you find healing. Having a safe, comfortable space and relationship with your therapist is key in being able to explore how these issues may be impacting your life. As a clinician, I aim to provide you with these essential pieces so you can focus on your journey towards enlightenment, empowerment, and enrichment.
If you are finding anxiety and depression, traumatic events from the past, substance use, or other mental health issues are playing a larger role in your life than you would like, it may be time to connect with a professional to help you find healing. Having a safe, comfortable space and relationship with your therapist is key in being able to explore how these issues may be impacting your life. As a clinician, I aim to provide you with these essential pieces so you can focus on your journey towards enlightenment, empowerment, and enrichment.
(469) 746-0252 View (469) 746-0252
Photo of Jalisa Storey, Pre-Licensed Professional in Irving, TX
Jalisa Storey
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Irving, TX 75039  (Online Only)
Jalisa Storey is a Licensed Professional Counselor Associate (LPC-A) in the state of Texas with over 2 years of experience working with adolescents and women from all walks of life who have experienced the negative effects of depression, poor coping skills, divorce, family conflict, mental stress, dysfunctional relationships, school issues, sexual abuse, women’s issues, and more.
Jalisa Storey is a Licensed Professional Counselor Associate (LPC-A) in the state of Texas with over 2 years of experience working with adolescents and women from all walks of life who have experienced the negative effects of depression, poor coping skills, divorce, family conflict, mental stress, dysfunctional relationships, school issues, sexual abuse, women’s issues, and more.
(469) 966-2196 View (469) 966-2196
Photo of Novlet M Wallace, Licensed Professional Counselor in Irving, TX
Novlet M Wallace
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Irving, TX 75038
Novlet M. Wallace is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Texas who has been practicing since 2020. Novlet currently works with adults (18 and above) with a variety of presenting issues, including anxiety, relationship issues, depression, self-esteem, and self-confidence. Her approach to therapy consists of a deep sense of respect for multicultural factors, as much of her client experience includes working with a multicultural base of clients. Novlet's therapy style approach includes Christian-based counseling, client centered therapy, solution focused, CBT, MI, and strength-based approach.
Novlet M. Wallace is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Texas who has been practicing since 2020. Novlet currently works with adults (18 and above) with a variety of presenting issues, including anxiety, relationship issues, depression, self-esteem, and self-confidence. Her approach to therapy consists of a deep sense of respect for multicultural factors, as much of her client experience includes working with a multicultural base of clients. Novlet's therapy style approach includes Christian-based counseling, client centered therapy, solution focused, CBT, MI, and strength-based approach.
(214) 251-4248 View (214) 251-4248
Photo of Jennifer Greenberg, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Irving, TX
Jennifer Greenberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MS, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Irving, TX 75062
Do you ever find yourself feeling uncomfortable with emotions, struggling to identify emotions, or wanting to move things along to divert from those hard conversations? Do you put yourself last to ensure others are okay? Are you the “fixer” in your world? Are you the person who “mostly has it together”, or may “have some loose strings”? Do life transitions and changes hit harder for you? Well, you have come to the right place because you are my people! My professional focus is working with individuals who struggle with perfectionism, self esteem, people-pleasing, overthinking, feelings of anxiousness and being overwhelmed.
Do you ever find yourself feeling uncomfortable with emotions, struggling to identify emotions, or wanting to move things along to divert from those hard conversations? Do you put yourself last to ensure others are okay? Are you the “fixer” in your world? Are you the person who “mostly has it together”, or may “have some loose strings”? Do life transitions and changes hit harder for you? Well, you have come to the right place because you are my people! My professional focus is working with individuals who struggle with perfectionism, self esteem, people-pleasing, overthinking, feelings of anxiousness and being overwhelmed.
(214) 915-9298 View (214) 915-9298
Photo of Hayley Harrington, LPC Intern in Irving, TX
Hayley Harrington
LPC Intern, LPC-A
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Irving, TX 75039
Passionate about guiding individuals through life's challenges, I specialize in working with teens, young adults, older adults, & athletes. Creating a safe haven for self-expression, I am dedicated to helping you navigate and overcome life's overwhelming moments. In my therapeutic practice, I bring expertise in addressing a range of challenges, including depression, anxiety, OCD, ADHD, suicidal ideation, performance anxiety, and trauma. I integrate proven methodologies such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, DBT, & solution focused approaches.
Passionate about guiding individuals through life's challenges, I specialize in working with teens, young adults, older adults, & athletes. Creating a safe haven for self-expression, I am dedicated to helping you navigate and overcome life's overwhelming moments. In my therapeutic practice, I bring expertise in addressing a range of challenges, including depression, anxiety, OCD, ADHD, suicidal ideation, performance anxiety, and trauma. I integrate proven methodologies such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, DBT, & solution focused approaches.
(214) 817-3889 View (214) 817-3889
Photo of Heidi Castaneda, Licensed Professional Counselor in Irving, TX
Heidi Castaneda
Licensed Professional Counselor, MPsy, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Irving, TX 75062  (Online Only)
Hablo Español. You are unique, one of a kind, there is truly no one else like you! I sincerely believe that you are unique and there is no one size fits all approach to therapy. I strive to create a safe environment that respect you every step of the way. From acquiring useful coping skills and improving/forming meaningful relationships to finding and embracing your deeper meaning, we can work together to achieve your therapeutic goals. You deserve Care that understands your individual needs.
Hablo Español. You are unique, one of a kind, there is truly no one else like you! I sincerely believe that you are unique and there is no one size fits all approach to therapy. I strive to create a safe environment that respect you every step of the way. From acquiring useful coping skills and improving/forming meaningful relationships to finding and embracing your deeper meaning, we can work together to achieve your therapeutic goals. You deserve Care that understands your individual needs.
(972) 505-3213 View (972) 505-3213
Photo of Tyler Turner, Licensed Professional Counselor in Irving, TX
Tyler Turner
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Irving, TX 75038
Tyler Turner is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Texas who has been practicing since 2019. She earned her Bachelor's degree in Human Development and Family Studies and Minor of Addictive Disorders and Recovery Studies at Texas Tech University. Her Master's of Science in Counseling from Southern Methodist University provided her the knowledge and training to become a Licensed Professional Counseling and Nationally Certified Counselor. Tyler is EMDR trained and specializes in working with individuals who are looking to overcome intergenerational trauma as well as high performing individuals.
Tyler Turner is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Texas who has been practicing since 2019. She earned her Bachelor's degree in Human Development and Family Studies and Minor of Addictive Disorders and Recovery Studies at Texas Tech University. Her Master's of Science in Counseling from Southern Methodist University provided her the knowledge and training to become a Licensed Professional Counseling and Nationally Certified Counselor. Tyler is EMDR trained and specializes in working with individuals who are looking to overcome intergenerational trauma as well as high performing individuals.
(469) 253-7181 View (469) 253-7181
Photo of Taran McGowen, Licensed Professional Counselor in Irving, TX
Taran McGowen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Irving, TX 75062
You've worked so hard for everything you have. You thrive in your career and you seemingly have the life that most people would dream of. You take care of your family. You're the go to for your friends. But you look around and wonder who actually cares for you. Who knows the real you? Who do you reach out to when you're feeling low? There's a push and pull between reaching your goals and taking the time to enjoy the life you've created. The imposter syndrome, the isolation, the burn out. Every week there's a rollercoaster of emotions. You know something needs to change, you just aren't sure what or how to make the changes.
You've worked so hard for everything you have. You thrive in your career and you seemingly have the life that most people would dream of. You take care of your family. You're the go to for your friends. But you look around and wonder who actually cares for you. Who knows the real you? Who do you reach out to when you're feeling low? There's a push and pull between reaching your goals and taking the time to enjoy the life you've created. The imposter syndrome, the isolation, the burn out. Every week there's a rollercoaster of emotions. You know something needs to change, you just aren't sure what or how to make the changes.
(817) 592-8946 View (817) 592-8946
Photo of Shaunte Collins, Licensed Professional Counselor in Irving, TX
Shaunte Collins
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Irving, TX 75039
Shaunté Collins is a Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor (LPC-S) with 13 years of experience. Shaunté is passionate about working with individuals struggling to overcome life's obstacles.
Shaunté Collins is a Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor (LPC-S) with 13 years of experience. Shaunté is passionate about working with individuals struggling to overcome life's obstacles.
(469) 620-7046 View (469) 620-7046
Photo of Cortney Ball, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Irving, TX
Cortney Ball
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LPC
Verified Verified
Irving, TX 75038
Cortney Ball is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Texas who has been practicing since 2016. She completed her Undergraduate studies at Ferris State University Major in Psychology with a minor in Communications and her Graduate studies at the University of Detroit Mercy Master of Arts in Counseling. Cortney offers a safe, non-judgmental, and attentive space for processing emotions. She assists in building self-awareness and healthy coping skills. Outside of work, Cortney loves to rollerblade, enjoy time outdoors, attend community events, dance, listen to music, ax throw, read, meet new people, and spend time with her family.
Cortney Ball is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Texas who has been practicing since 2016. She completed her Undergraduate studies at Ferris State University Major in Psychology with a minor in Communications and her Graduate studies at the University of Detroit Mercy Master of Arts in Counseling. Cortney offers a safe, non-judgmental, and attentive space for processing emotions. She assists in building self-awareness and healthy coping skills. Outside of work, Cortney loves to rollerblade, enjoy time outdoors, attend community events, dance, listen to music, ax throw, read, meet new people, and spend time with her family.
(214) 949-1734 View (214) 949-1734
Photo of Andrew Gill, Licensed Professional Counselor in Irving, TX
Andrew Gill
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, LCDC, BCN
Verified Verified
Irving, TX 75038
Waitlist for new clients
Tau Healing Services is available for the needs of those suffering from situational, family, or personal issues that are causing distress in life. Tau means true. Healing is viewed as a process of becoming well. The aim of Tau Healing Services is to provide professional and quality services that assist in the healing process by natural means and with the assistance of grace.
Tau Healing Services is available for the needs of those suffering from situational, family, or personal issues that are causing distress in life. Tau means true. Healing is viewed as a process of becoming well. The aim of Tau Healing Services is to provide professional and quality services that assist in the healing process by natural means and with the assistance of grace.
(817) 339-6701 View (817) 339-6701
Photo of Nikki Blass, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Irving, TX
Nikki Blass
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Irving, TX 75061  (Online Only)
Welcome to my page! If you are here, you are likely in the process of making the significant decision of choosing a therapist. I know how important it is to have a safe space to heal and grow. A space where you are heard, accepted, and cared for in a comfortable, safe environment without judgment or criticism. I believe the client-therapist relationship is crucial to growth and change. I am ready to meet you where you are and support you in doing the hard work to build the safety necessary to reach this goal.
Welcome to my page! If you are here, you are likely in the process of making the significant decision of choosing a therapist. I know how important it is to have a safe space to heal and grow. A space where you are heard, accepted, and cared for in a comfortable, safe environment without judgment or criticism. I believe the client-therapist relationship is crucial to growth and change. I am ready to meet you where you are and support you in doing the hard work to build the safety necessary to reach this goal.
(469) 443-6733 View (469) 443-6733
Photo of Catherine Mettauer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Irving, TX
Catherine Mettauer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Irving, TX 75063  (Online Only)
It is inevitable that we will all face complex situations at some point in life. However, what is not so certain is how we will respond. We all come with our own underlying emotions, ideas, and experiences that shape our responses to the ups and downs of life. My goal is to meet you where you are and to provide useful and practical coping skills that will equip you to lead a fulfilling life. I believe that with the right support and trusting relationships everyone can accomplish their goals.
It is inevitable that we will all face complex situations at some point in life. However, what is not so certain is how we will respond. We all come with our own underlying emotions, ideas, and experiences that shape our responses to the ups and downs of life. My goal is to meet you where you are and to provide useful and practical coping skills that will equip you to lead a fulfilling life. I believe that with the right support and trusting relationships everyone can accomplish their goals.
(972) 928-1372 View (972) 928-1372
Photo of Nicole L Davis, Licensed Professional Counselor in Irving, TX
Nicole L Davis
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Irving, TX 75062
Waitlist for new clients
Are you ready to unpack the past in order to live a fuller life? Are you feeling unfulfilled and unsure of what's next, but you know that what's happening right now isn't it? Are you feeling unsettled and needing a safe place to sort out your thoughts? Are you struggling to find a good work-life balance? If you're dealing with issues like microaggressions and racial trauma in the workplace, you've reached the right place! My name is Nicole Davis and I'm here to help you find reclaim your joy and get your power back! Life can be full of frustrations and set backs and now is the time to prioritize your happiness.
Are you ready to unpack the past in order to live a fuller life? Are you feeling unfulfilled and unsure of what's next, but you know that what's happening right now isn't it? Are you feeling unsettled and needing a safe place to sort out your thoughts? Are you struggling to find a good work-life balance? If you're dealing with issues like microaggressions and racial trauma in the workplace, you've reached the right place! My name is Nicole Davis and I'm here to help you find reclaim your joy and get your power back! Life can be full of frustrations and set backs and now is the time to prioritize your happiness.
(972) 703-5492 View (972) 703-5492
Photo of Michelle Fernandez Rhynes, Marriage & Family Therapist in Irving, TX
Michelle Fernandez Rhynes
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Irving, TX 75062
Hablo Español. Life can be challenging, but you don't have to struggle alone. I am here to help. I am a Bilingual Therapist with many years of experience in helping people navigate through life's obstacles. I have experience working with hurting families, broken relationships in couples, children and adolescent challenges, and persons who suffer from domestic violence, or have a history of trauma successfully recover and live healthy meaningful lives. I look forward to walking along side you through this difficult season towards a healthier and happier you!
Hablo Español. Life can be challenging, but you don't have to struggle alone. I am here to help. I am a Bilingual Therapist with many years of experience in helping people navigate through life's obstacles. I have experience working with hurting families, broken relationships in couples, children and adolescent challenges, and persons who suffer from domestic violence, or have a history of trauma successfully recover and live healthy meaningful lives. I look forward to walking along side you through this difficult season towards a healthier and happier you!
(469) 530-3407 View (469) 530-3407
Photo of Shara Nicole Cherepes, Licensed Professional Counselor in Irving, TX
Shara Nicole Cherepes
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Irving, TX 75060  (Online Only)
I have over 13 years experience working with those who have suffered loss and are experiencing grief in a variety of ways. I also have extensive experience working with those who have an array of trauma.
I have over 13 years experience working with those who have suffered loss and are experiencing grief in a variety of ways. I also have extensive experience working with those who have an array of trauma.
(469) 564-4584 View (469) 564-4584
Photo of Veranda Hillard, Licensed Professional Counselor in Irving, TX
Veranda Hillard
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Irving, TX 75038
Ready to get un-stuck? You're not alone in dealing with issues like anxiety, depression, low self-esteem as well as mental, career, or relational stress. You could be one of many individuals who consider counseling because they are struggling to find their voice or set boundaries with friends, partners, coworkers, or family members. Or, perhaps you're having difficulty managing one of life's many transitions such as adjusting to college or getting over a breakup. Any of these can act as a halting roadblock, standing in the way of where you are and where you so desperately want to be. Veranda can help.
Ready to get un-stuck? You're not alone in dealing with issues like anxiety, depression, low self-esteem as well as mental, career, or relational stress. You could be one of many individuals who consider counseling because they are struggling to find their voice or set boundaries with friends, partners, coworkers, or family members. Or, perhaps you're having difficulty managing one of life's many transitions such as adjusting to college or getting over a breakup. Any of these can act as a halting roadblock, standing in the way of where you are and where you so desperately want to be. Veranda can help.
(214) 751-3829 View (214) 751-3829
Photo of Phenomenal U PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Irving, TX
Phenomenal U PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, BBA, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Irving, TX 75039  (Online Only)
Life can be full of challenges that can leave you feeling overwhelmed and unsure of how to move forward. In times like these, it can be incredibly helpful to have someone to confide in and seek guidance from. That's where I come in - I'm Skye Glover and I'm here to be your trusted therapist. I understand how daunting it can be to face obstacles on your own. That's why I'm committed to working alongside you on this journey towards healing and growth. Together, we'll explore your thoughts and emotions, identify areas for improvement and develop actionable strategies to help you overcome any challenges you may be facing.
Life can be full of challenges that can leave you feeling overwhelmed and unsure of how to move forward. In times like these, it can be incredibly helpful to have someone to confide in and seek guidance from. That's where I come in - I'm Skye Glover and I'm here to be your trusted therapist. I understand how daunting it can be to face obstacles on your own. That's why I'm committed to working alongside you on this journey towards healing and growth. Together, we'll explore your thoughts and emotions, identify areas for improvement and develop actionable strategies to help you overcome any challenges you may be facing.
(972) 945-3830 View (972) 945-3830
Photo of Carina I Rodriguez, Licensed Professional Counselor in Irving, TX
Carina I Rodriguez
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Irving, TX 75063
I currently provide therapy to adolescents 16 and older, and adults of all ages. I am culturally competent and work with clients of diverse backgrounds including race, ethnicity, LGBTQA+ and socioeconomic status. Areas of specialties include: Intimate Partner Violence, PTSD, Sexual Violence, Survivors of Childhood Abuse, Immigration Trauma, Generational Trauma, Acculturation, Grief and Loss, Depression, Anxiety, Life Transitions, Family Dynamics and Interpersonal Relationships. I am a strong believer in the importance of using evidence-based and trauma-informed interventions. I have advanced training in EMDR, CPT, and TF-CBT.
I currently provide therapy to adolescents 16 and older, and adults of all ages. I am culturally competent and work with clients of diverse backgrounds including race, ethnicity, LGBTQA+ and socioeconomic status. Areas of specialties include: Intimate Partner Violence, PTSD, Sexual Violence, Survivors of Childhood Abuse, Immigration Trauma, Generational Trauma, Acculturation, Grief and Loss, Depression, Anxiety, Life Transitions, Family Dynamics and Interpersonal Relationships. I am a strong believer in the importance of using evidence-based and trauma-informed interventions. I have advanced training in EMDR, CPT, and TF-CBT.
(972) 433-5639 View (972) 433-5639

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Irving, TX

100+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Irving, TX who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
91% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
69% Grief
68% Trauma and PTSD
68% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% Aetna
76% Cigna and Evernorth
75% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Irving, TX see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

85% Female
15% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Irving?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.