Therapists in San Antonio, TX

View neighborhoods in San Antonio
Photo of Johnny Ybarra, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Johnny Ybarra
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MS, LCDC, MAC, SAP, QASP-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78217
My name is Johnny R. Ybarra and I'm a Licensed Chemical Dependency Counselor in San Antonio Texas, and nationally recognized by NAADAC as a Master Addiction Counselor (MAC) and a Department of Transportation - Substance Abuse Professional (DOT-SAP). I currently provide SAP evaluations and return-to-duty treatment planning for DOT professionals. Contact me to begin the SAP program!
My name is Johnny R. Ybarra and I'm a Licensed Chemical Dependency Counselor in San Antonio Texas, and nationally recognized by NAADAC as a Master Addiction Counselor (MAC) and a Department of Transportation - Substance Abuse Professional (DOT-SAP). I currently provide SAP evaluations and return-to-duty treatment planning for DOT professionals. Contact me to begin the SAP program!
(210) 714-2741 View (210) 714-2741
Photo of Christopher Lee Creaturo, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Christopher Lee Creaturo
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78230  (Online Only)
The effect of traumas big and small can grind our lives to a halt, and make connections impossible. Tools like EMDR and IFS can bring hope to the stuck parts of our worlds, and finally allow us to be present in our own lives again. Reach out by text or email to explore if we are a good team to tackle your problems, bring needed clarity, and offer the sanctuary of a healing and non-judgemental relationship.
The effect of traumas big and small can grind our lives to a halt, and make connections impossible. Tools like EMDR and IFS can bring hope to the stuck parts of our worlds, and finally allow us to be present in our own lives again. Reach out by text or email to explore if we are a good team to tackle your problems, bring needed clarity, and offer the sanctuary of a healing and non-judgemental relationship.
(210) 796-4623 View (210) 796-4623
Micaela Brewer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78252  (Online Only)
Hello, I'm Micaela Brewer a licensed clinical social worker dedicated to guiding individuals on their journey to mental well-being. With 14 of experience, I bring a warm and empathetic approach to therapy. My mission is to create a safe space where you can explore challenges, discover strengths, and cultivate resilience.
Hello, I'm Micaela Brewer a licensed clinical social worker dedicated to guiding individuals on their journey to mental well-being. With 14 of experience, I bring a warm and empathetic approach to therapy. My mission is to create a safe space where you can explore challenges, discover strengths, and cultivate resilience.
View
Photo of Chiara M. Scott, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Chiara M. Scott
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78240  (Online Only)
As an experienced therapist my passion is to help clients find healthy perceptions of themselves and strengthen their relationships. I'm an experienced Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor in Texas who believes in creating a trusting relationship with clients in order to understand their experiences and contexts. I also works hard to create a nonjudgmental and dynamic environment that amplifies strengths and examines unhelpful patterns that are no longer serving you. I will work with you to examine these patterns and shift them by creating new ways of coping.
As an experienced therapist my passion is to help clients find healthy perceptions of themselves and strengthen their relationships. I'm an experienced Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor in Texas who believes in creating a trusting relationship with clients in order to understand their experiences and contexts. I also works hard to create a nonjudgmental and dynamic environment that amplifies strengths and examines unhelpful patterns that are no longer serving you. I will work with you to examine these patterns and shift them by creating new ways of coping.
(210) 361-8723 View (210) 361-8723
Photo of Kennedy Sanchez, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in San Antonio, TX
Kennedy Sanchez
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78228  (Online Only)
Change can be scary. With change comes new beginnings, new responsibilities, and new relationships; which can be overwhelming. You tend to question, "Am I good enough," "Am I ready," and "Will I be accepted?" These negative thought loops can cause anxiousness. This way of thinking can cause you to avoid thriving forward and reaching your full potential. It can also keep you from meeting amazing people and experiencing the good things in life.
Change can be scary. With change comes new beginnings, new responsibilities, and new relationships; which can be overwhelming. You tend to question, "Am I good enough," "Am I ready," and "Will I be accepted?" These negative thought loops can cause anxiousness. This way of thinking can cause you to avoid thriving forward and reaching your full potential. It can also keep you from meeting amazing people and experiencing the good things in life.
(281) 326-9039 View (281) 326-9039
Photo of Dawn Fey Hedgepeth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Dawn Fey Hedgepeth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78213
As a clinical therapist with 25 years of experience working with teens and adults, I believe that connection, joy, curiosity and hope are essential for a meaningful and fulfilling life. My approach to therapy is collaborative and I am passionate about helping my clients achieve their goals and live their best lives. I specialize in working with anxiety, depression, and trauma. I understand that these challenges can be overwhelming and isolating, You are not alone, and there is hope for a better future. I would be honored to partner with you on your journey to healing.
As a clinical therapist with 25 years of experience working with teens and adults, I believe that connection, joy, curiosity and hope are essential for a meaningful and fulfilling life. My approach to therapy is collaborative and I am passionate about helping my clients achieve their goals and live their best lives. I specialize in working with anxiety, depression, and trauma. I understand that these challenges can be overwhelming and isolating, You are not alone, and there is hope for a better future. I would be honored to partner with you on your journey to healing.
(210) 985-8349 View (210) 985-8349
Photo of Loreen D Button, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Loreen D Button
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-S, LCDC, C-DWF, IATP
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78239  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I look forward to treating people that are facing some difficulties in life due to circumstancial changes, whether it be losses, marital conflicts, family conflicts, communication needs, anger management, parenting help, or stress management, just to name some. Life events occur unexpectedly and can temporarily knock us off our feet. I like to provide guidance and encouragement while helping people with the skills needed to address their situation.
I look forward to treating people that are facing some difficulties in life due to circumstancial changes, whether it be losses, marital conflicts, family conflicts, communication needs, anger management, parenting help, or stress management, just to name some. Life events occur unexpectedly and can temporarily knock us off our feet. I like to provide guidance and encouragement while helping people with the skills needed to address their situation.
(210) 864-6209 View (210) 864-6209
Photo of Monica Lara, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Monica Lara
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78222
Are you struggling financially as a LPC-associate and need a supervisor? IF so, I am currently accepting new supervisees. I am flexible and willing to provide online and/or telephonic supervision outside of San Antonio. Please call or email me to discuss my supervision model and fees. Additionally, if you find yourself in a stressful situation and need help dealing with life's stressors, and/or feeling "stuck" with your current situation, then you're ready for a "Second Chance" at life. I am here to help you achieve lifestyle changes and succeed on personal goals.
Are you struggling financially as a LPC-associate and need a supervisor? IF so, I am currently accepting new supervisees. I am flexible and willing to provide online and/or telephonic supervision outside of San Antonio. Please call or email me to discuss my supervision model and fees. Additionally, if you find yourself in a stressful situation and need help dealing with life's stressors, and/or feeling "stuck" with your current situation, then you're ready for a "Second Chance" at life. I am here to help you achieve lifestyle changes and succeed on personal goals.
(210) 714-1597 View (210) 714-1597
Photo of Kendalle Wexler, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Kendalle Wexler
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78209
Are you feeling lost? Have you been experiencing issues with relationships or infidelity? Are you, or your family members, recently divorced and adjusting to the transition? I can help. Life can get complicated, and when it does it can be hard to know how to cope or move forward. I am here to help detangle those complications.
Are you feeling lost? Have you been experiencing issues with relationships or infidelity? Are you, or your family members, recently divorced and adjusting to the transition? I can help. Life can get complicated, and when it does it can be hard to know how to cope or move forward. I am here to help detangle those complications.
(833) 887-5043 View (833) 887-5043
Photo of Karen D. Lee, MA, LPC, Ed.D., Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Karen D. Lee, MA, LPC, Ed.D.
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, EdD
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78216
We all have an innate goodness, natural spontaneity and potential. We tend to disconnect from it in response to painful experiences. It is a natural, even genetic program, to want happiness and joy in life. The frantic attempt to numb or avoid pain,results in denial of joy and natural spontaneity. My commitment as a therapist is facilitation of healing and transformation towards joy and connection. I use a Holistic approach, seek authenticity, and believe that each person's uniqueness can bring inner peace, extend to family, and enhance relationships. The happiness we generate extends to others and then returns.
We all have an innate goodness, natural spontaneity and potential. We tend to disconnect from it in response to painful experiences. It is a natural, even genetic program, to want happiness and joy in life. The frantic attempt to numb or avoid pain,results in denial of joy and natural spontaneity. My commitment as a therapist is facilitation of healing and transformation towards joy and connection. I use a Holistic approach, seek authenticity, and believe that each person's uniqueness can bring inner peace, extend to family, and enhance relationships. The happiness we generate extends to others and then returns.
(210) 870-7799 View (210) 870-7799
Photo of Christina R. Landeros, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Christina R. Landeros
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S, C-DBT
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78205  (Online Only)
I will work with you to find hope, inner peace, build healthy habits, process traumatic experiences, and give you strategies to move forward. I tailor evidence-based mental health treatment to your needs and priority concerns. I have over 15 years of practice experience working in mental health and medical settings. I incorporate Mindfulness, Meditation, DBT Skills, IFS Informed EMDR (tapping to reprocess trauma), FLASH technique (positive imagery, including music) to reprocess, connect within, and connect with others. Email Me if you would like a free 15-minute consultation via Zoom to discuss your goals and therapy options.
I will work with you to find hope, inner peace, build healthy habits, process traumatic experiences, and give you strategies to move forward. I tailor evidence-based mental health treatment to your needs and priority concerns. I have over 15 years of practice experience working in mental health and medical settings. I incorporate Mindfulness, Meditation, DBT Skills, IFS Informed EMDR (tapping to reprocess trauma), FLASH technique (positive imagery, including music) to reprocess, connect within, and connect with others. Email Me if you would like a free 15-minute consultation via Zoom to discuss your goals and therapy options.
(512) 559-7807 View (512) 559-7807
Photo of Holly E. Schultz, Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Holly E. Schultz
Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78257
NOW Accepting New Clients. Thoughts and emotions are powerful! While some can be inspiring and motivating, others can be defeating and hinder growth and potential. Maybe you're tired of putting your mental health and wellness on the back burner and are ready for change but don’t know where to start. Unfortunately many of us weren't given the coping skills we need to deal with in everyday life, much less the unexpected. That's ok, because you are here now and we can start today. If you find yourself hoping for more but don’t yet have the tools to get you where you'd like to be, let's talk and work together to get you there.
NOW Accepting New Clients. Thoughts and emotions are powerful! While some can be inspiring and motivating, others can be defeating and hinder growth and potential. Maybe you're tired of putting your mental health and wellness on the back burner and are ready for change but don’t know where to start. Unfortunately many of us weren't given the coping skills we need to deal with in everyday life, much less the unexpected. That's ok, because you are here now and we can start today. If you find yourself hoping for more but don’t yet have the tools to get you where you'd like to be, let's talk and work together to get you there.
(210) 960-8486 View (210) 960-8486
Photo of Vanessa Lopez, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Vanessa Lopez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78213  (Online Only)
Is it difficult for you to set boundaries with others? Do you find yourself constantly battling that inner voice that says what you are doing is not good enough? Is it exhausting having to fight the changes you want to make against family values that are not you? I can help you navigate changes that make you proud of the person you are. I enjoy working with teenagers and young adults who battle with their self-esteem, overcoming traumatic events, and learning how to create peace of mind within themselves. My goal is to help you understand the root causes of these behaviors/ thoughts so we can make changes that support your healing.
Is it difficult for you to set boundaries with others? Do you find yourself constantly battling that inner voice that says what you are doing is not good enough? Is it exhausting having to fight the changes you want to make against family values that are not you? I can help you navigate changes that make you proud of the person you are. I enjoy working with teenagers and young adults who battle with their self-esteem, overcoming traumatic events, and learning how to create peace of mind within themselves. My goal is to help you understand the root causes of these behaviors/ thoughts so we can make changes that support your healing.
(210) 942-8443 View (210) 942-8443
Photo of Mateo Ayala, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Mateo Ayala
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78257  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Helping you or your loved one, work through the interactions with the world that cause distress, breaking the chains of the past that tie your thoughts to the darkest memories you long to forget. Being able to find yourself without the fog of depression or the fear of the sudden and unpredictable anxiety of life. To reach a stable and safe homeostasis of being content with yourself and with moving forward knowing that freedom from the past enables you to handle the stress of the future with an optimistic view, no longer broken. To hear and to help is the job of the counselor, I look forward to assisting in your progress.
Helping you or your loved one, work through the interactions with the world that cause distress, breaking the chains of the past that tie your thoughts to the darkest memories you long to forget. Being able to find yourself without the fog of depression or the fear of the sudden and unpredictable anxiety of life. To reach a stable and safe homeostasis of being content with yourself and with moving forward knowing that freedom from the past enables you to handle the stress of the future with an optimistic view, no longer broken. To hear and to help is the job of the counselor, I look forward to assisting in your progress.
(210) 791-9381 View (210) 791-9381
Photo of Daniella Reyes, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in San Antonio, TX
Daniella Reyes
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, LPC-A
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78230
Do you struggle with feeling overwhelmed, anxious, and uncertain about life? Feeling challenges with trauma, relationships, depression, anxiety or grief? Struggling to maintain a healthy work-life balance? Does your sleep suffer or are you fearful of making the wrong move? You're not alone. Too often, we prioritize our daily duties and neglect our own wellbeing. But taking time for oneself is essential for health and wellbeing
Do you struggle with feeling overwhelmed, anxious, and uncertain about life? Feeling challenges with trauma, relationships, depression, anxiety or grief? Struggling to maintain a healthy work-life balance? Does your sleep suffer or are you fearful of making the wrong move? You're not alone. Too often, we prioritize our daily duties and neglect our own wellbeing. But taking time for oneself is essential for health and wellbeing
(726) 227-2429 View (726) 227-2429
Photo of Rosa Ana Espinosa, Psychologist in San Antonio, TX
Rosa Ana Espinosa
Psychologist, PsyD, LP, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78229  (Online Only)
I specialize in brief therapy with a solution-focused approach using my client's strengths to arrive at solutions to their current problem. Oftentimes, these solutions can be practiced and implemented in a relatively short period of time. If necessary, I use additional tools such as cognitive behavioral therapy and hypnosis.
I specialize in brief therapy with a solution-focused approach using my client's strengths to arrive at solutions to their current problem. Oftentimes, these solutions can be practiced and implemented in a relatively short period of time. If necessary, I use additional tools such as cognitive behavioral therapy and hypnosis.
(210) 651-2996 View (210) 651-2996
Photo of Dr. John Delatorre, Psychologist in San Antonio, TX
Dr. John Delatorre
Psychologist, PsyD, MJur
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78258  (Online Only)
Everyone is capable of resolving their own issues, but there are times when doing it all by yourself leads to a feedback loop of missed opportunities and unfortunate mistakes. Therapy with me is designed to address the underlying issues that impact our lives. The world has become increasingly polarized and most people seem lost in the middle. In treatment, we will examine how to exist and thrive in this world.
Everyone is capable of resolving their own issues, but there are times when doing it all by yourself leads to a feedback loop of missed opportunities and unfortunate mistakes. Therapy with me is designed to address the underlying issues that impact our lives. The world has become increasingly polarized and most people seem lost in the middle. In treatment, we will examine how to exist and thrive in this world.
(210) 405-4082 View (210) 405-4082
Photo of Meadow Lane Counseling, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Meadow Lane Counseling, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78257  (Online Only)
Have a particular life obstacle you’re trying to overcome? The good news is that you don't have to do it alone. Meadow Lane Counseling was created to support individuals on their journey towards self discovery and healing. Whether you're experiencing anxiety, depression, life transitions or feel stuck, Meadow Lane Counseling is here to guide you through it to a better you. Meadow Lane Counseling sees clients in Texas and North Dakota. Please note that insurances accepted are applicable to Texas residents only.
Have a particular life obstacle you’re trying to overcome? The good news is that you don't have to do it alone. Meadow Lane Counseling was created to support individuals on their journey towards self discovery and healing. Whether you're experiencing anxiety, depression, life transitions or feel stuck, Meadow Lane Counseling is here to guide you through it to a better you. Meadow Lane Counseling sees clients in Texas and North Dakota. Please note that insurances accepted are applicable to Texas residents only.
(210) 934-6668 View (210) 934-6668
Photo of Donetta D. Quinones, Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Donetta D. Quinones
Counselor, PhD, MS, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78216  (Online Only)
During the therapeutic process, I challenge clients with the statement that I am "Daring You to Be YOU!" This challenge of personal acceptance is designed to help individuals to evaluate their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors to determine what is hindering them from achieving their goals. As clients go through the therapeutic process, they learn to develop the intimacy (in-to-me-I-see) needed to develop the strength to face life's challenges. The ideal client wants therapeutic support in acknowledging personal triggers, defining happiness, developing healthy relationships, and identifying areas for personal development.
During the therapeutic process, I challenge clients with the statement that I am "Daring You to Be YOU!" This challenge of personal acceptance is designed to help individuals to evaluate their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors to determine what is hindering them from achieving their goals. As clients go through the therapeutic process, they learn to develop the intimacy (in-to-me-I-see) needed to develop the strength to face life's challenges. The ideal client wants therapeutic support in acknowledging personal triggers, defining happiness, developing healthy relationships, and identifying areas for personal development.
(888) 332-4166 x101 View (888) 332-4166 x101
Photo of Carly Kay Friedman, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in San Antonio, TX
Carly Kay Friedman
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, LPC-A, MA
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78229
This can be a difficult time of year. Family obligations, financial stress, and balancing work and family can be especially stressful. It's the perfect time to change our cognitions and behavior to improve our daily experience. Together, we can move towards better coping and optimism. I take joy in working with clients to develop skills, gain self-awareness, experience growth, & appreciate their strengths. My affirmative approach includes changing beliefs & behaviors that are no longer serving you in a supportive and accepting environment. Immediate openings for virtual & in-person counseling with teens, adults, and couples.
This can be a difficult time of year. Family obligations, financial stress, and balancing work and family can be especially stressful. It's the perfect time to change our cognitions and behavior to improve our daily experience. Together, we can move towards better coping and optimism. I take joy in working with clients to develop skills, gain self-awareness, experience growth, & appreciate their strengths. My affirmative approach includes changing beliefs & behaviors that are no longer serving you in a supportive and accepting environment. Immediate openings for virtual & in-person counseling with teens, adults, and couples.
(210) 941-1252 View (210) 941-1252

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Antonio, TX

2,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in San Antonio, TX who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
73% Self Esteem
72% Coping Skills
70% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Aetna
78% BlueCross and BlueShield
77% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in San Antonio, TX see their clients

54% In Person and Online
46% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Antonio?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.