Therapists in Grand Forks, ND

Photo of Rebecca Pihl, Counselor, LPCC
Rebecca Pihl
Counselor, LPCC
Online Only
I'm glad you're here. Deciding to make changes in your life is hard, and I want to help you meet your goals for your ideal life. I don't believe I know you better than you do on what those goals should be. I imagine my role as a person alongside you, working WITH you. I specialize in depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders, self-harm, and life transitions. I tailor my approach to each individual sitting across the screen from me. Every person, even with the same diagnosis, should be treated as an individual. I utilize aspects of CBT to help people challenge their thoughts.
I'm glad you're here. Deciding to make changes in your life is hard, and I want to help you meet your goals for your ideal life. I don't believe I know you better than you do on what those goals should be. I imagine my role as a person alongside you, working WITH you. I specialize in depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders, self-harm, and life transitions. I tailor my approach to each individual sitting across the screen from me. Every person, even with the same diagnosis, should be treated as an individual. I utilize aspects of CBT to help people challenge their thoughts.
(701) 695-4041 View (701) 695-4041
Photo of Maranda Jacobsen, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC, LPC
Maranda Jacobsen
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC, LPC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
You’re smart. Self-aware. You’ve processed the past, connected all the dots — but some things still have you completely stuck. You’re the one everyone leans on — the fixer, the backbone, the relentless doer — and honestly, you’re sooo damn exhausted. So tired of carrying everyone else’s weight while your own dreams and peace keep getting shoved to the back burner. But deep down, you know there’s a lighter way to live — one where you’re not holding everything alone or losing yourself in the process. Not another year of pushing through and pretending it’s fine. That spark for more? It’s real. You’re ready. Let’s make moves!
You’re smart. Self-aware. You’ve processed the past, connected all the dots — but some things still have you completely stuck. You’re the one everyone leans on — the fixer, the backbone, the relentless doer — and honestly, you’re sooo damn exhausted. So tired of carrying everyone else’s weight while your own dreams and peace keep getting shoved to the back burner. But deep down, you know there’s a lighter way to live — one where you’re not holding everything alone or losing yourself in the process. Not another year of pushing through and pretending it’s fine. That spark for more? It’s real. You’re ready. Let’s make moves!
(701) 409-2788 View (701) 409-2788
Photo of Shelby Hildenbrand, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Shelby Hildenbrand
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
1 Endorsed
Grand Forks, ND 58201
Waitlist for new clients
Taking the first step toward therapy is a courageous and meaningful choice, and I’m here to support you every step of the way. I offer a welcoming space for LGBTQIA+, first responders, children and caregivers, and those navigating relationship challenges. I enjoy being able to work with individuals of all ages, starting at 6 months old and into adulthood. Clients may seek out services with me to increase positive interactions with their children, understand their past experiences and how they are affecting them presently, or want to process challenging interactions to create healthier attachments in their life.
Taking the first step toward therapy is a courageous and meaningful choice, and I’m here to support you every step of the way. I offer a welcoming space for LGBTQIA+, first responders, children and caregivers, and those navigating relationship challenges. I enjoy being able to work with individuals of all ages, starting at 6 months old and into adulthood. Clients may seek out services with me to increase positive interactions with their children, understand their past experiences and how they are affecting them presently, or want to process challenging interactions to create healthier attachments in their life.
(701) 353-2705 View (701) 353-2705
Photo of Kelly Bishop-Diaz - A Thoughtful Spot, PLLC, Kelly Bishop-Diaz, Ph.D., Psychologist, PhD
Hello! Clients often come to therapy searching for better ways of coping with stress, anxiety, depression, & to process their thoughts & feelings in a supportive environment. They are frequently interested in improving relationships, leaving abusive partners, experiencing more happiness and fulfillment in life, & attaining meaningful goals. As each person is an individual, therapy is tailored to your unique needs and wants. I provide therapy to individuals & couples. Clients often say I'm easy to talk to, compassionate, and accepting. I hope you will agree. My office is in my home which offers comfort and privacy.
Hello! Clients often come to therapy searching for better ways of coping with stress, anxiety, depression, & to process their thoughts & feelings in a supportive environment. They are frequently interested in improving relationships, leaving abusive partners, experiencing more happiness and fulfillment in life, & attaining meaningful goals. As each person is an individual, therapy is tailored to your unique needs and wants. I provide therapy to individuals & couples. Clients often say I'm easy to talk to, compassionate, and accepting. I hope you will agree. My office is in my home which offers comfort and privacy.
(701) 214-6506 View (701) 214-6506
Photo of Elizabeth Meyer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LAC
Elizabeth Meyer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LAC
1 Endorsed
Grand Forks, ND 58201
Hello! My name is Liz and I appreciate you taking time to learn more about me. Navigating grief, loss, or trauma can feel overwhelming — sometimes even impossible to face alone as you try to find your new normal. These experiences can be incredibly difficult to talk about, and it’s completely okay to feel unsure or overwhelmed. We’ll take small steps together. There is no right or wrong way to grieve or to process trauma. Your experience is unique, and we will always move at your pace.
Hello! My name is Liz and I appreciate you taking time to learn more about me. Navigating grief, loss, or trauma can feel overwhelming — sometimes even impossible to face alone as you try to find your new normal. These experiences can be incredibly difficult to talk about, and it’s completely okay to feel unsure or overwhelmed. We’ll take small steps together. There is no right or wrong way to grieve or to process trauma. Your experience is unique, and we will always move at your pace.
(701) 394-3378 View (701) 394-3378
Photo of Kylee Roller - Roller Psychology, PLLC, Psychologist, PhD
Roller Psychology, PLLC
Psychologist, PhD
Grand Forks, ND 58201
Waitlist for new clients
Dr. Roller is taking a limited number of new clients. If you are a new patient seeking an appointment, we kindly ask that you use the contact form on our website or email form through this website. This method ensures a more efficient response than calling, as our phone lines are managed by a call center. You may be put on a waiting list.
Dr. Roller is taking a limited number of new clients. If you are a new patient seeking an appointment, we kindly ask that you use the contact form on our website or email form through this website. This method ensures a more efficient response than calling, as our phone lines are managed by a call center. You may be put on a waiting list.
(701) 809-0194 View (701) 809-0194
Photo of Alana D Johnston, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LICSW, SEP
Alana D Johnston
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LICSW, SEP
1 Endorsed
Grand Forks, ND 58201
Alana approaches her work with a trauma-informed focus. She recognizes the prevalence of trauma and its impact on an individual’s overall well-being and strives to understand the whole of the individual who is seeking therapy. Alana focuses on her client’s strengths to empower them to build a strong foundation to fall back on when there are setbacks in life. She values the importance of human relationships, authenticity, self-determination, integrity, and respect, and these values shine through in her work with clients.
Alana approaches her work with a trauma-informed focus. She recognizes the prevalence of trauma and its impact on an individual’s overall well-being and strives to understand the whole of the individual who is seeking therapy. Alana focuses on her client’s strengths to empower them to build a strong foundation to fall back on when there are setbacks in life. She values the importance of human relationships, authenticity, self-determination, integrity, and respect, and these values shine through in her work with clients.
(701) 638-9914 View (701) 638-9914
Photo of Kayla Norton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Kayla Norton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Grand Forks, ND 58201
Kayla Norton, MSW, LCSW, is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. She provides individual therapy services to children (ages 8 and up), adolescents, and adults. Kayla has a passion for helping individuals who experience issues including trauma, depression, anxiety, self-harm, attention and impulse control difficulties, mood difficulties, and adjusting to life changes. Kayla has experience in settings to include residential treatment facilities, inpatient psychiatric hospital treatment, and outpatient therapy services.
Kayla Norton, MSW, LCSW, is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. She provides individual therapy services to children (ages 8 and up), adolescents, and adults. Kayla has a passion for helping individuals who experience issues including trauma, depression, anxiety, self-harm, attention and impulse control difficulties, mood difficulties, and adjusting to life changes. Kayla has experience in settings to include residential treatment facilities, inpatient psychiatric hospital treatment, and outpatient therapy services.
(701) 765-5414 View (701) 765-5414
Photo of Bobby Buzick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Bobby Buzick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
1 Endorsed
Grand Forks, ND 58201
Are you finding yourself feeling down, no longer feeling like yourself, and craving some change in your life? Do you just want to get back to feeling like the person you once were or know you can be? If the desire for change and wanting to realize your true potential and purpose resonates with you, you're not alone. As a retired veteran of the U.S. Army, I understand the importance of resiliency and strive to share that knowledge along with the power of perspective while navigating life's challenges and adversities with my clients.
Are you finding yourself feeling down, no longer feeling like yourself, and craving some change in your life? Do you just want to get back to feeling like the person you once were or know you can be? If the desire for change and wanting to realize your true potential and purpose resonates with you, you're not alone. As a retired veteran of the U.S. Army, I understand the importance of resiliency and strive to share that knowledge along with the power of perspective while navigating life's challenges and adversities with my clients.
(701) 922-5075 View (701) 922-5075
Photo of Sue Russell, Psychologist, PhD
Sue Russell
Psychologist, PhD
Grand Forks, ND 58201
I want to help you achieve the kind of life you have always wanted, to help you overcome obstacles that stand between you and your hopes and dreams. Many clients tell me they wish they had come to see me sooner. They regret the wasted months... sometimes years. There is no reason to continue to suffer, to continue repeating the same mistakes, or to keep arguing about the same things over and over. The sooner you call, the sooner you can feel better. Together we can find what's going wrong in your life and get you back on track.
I want to help you achieve the kind of life you have always wanted, to help you overcome obstacles that stand between you and your hopes and dreams. Many clients tell me they wish they had come to see me sooner. They regret the wasted months... sometimes years. There is no reason to continue to suffer, to continue repeating the same mistakes, or to keep arguing about the same things over and over. The sooner you call, the sooner you can feel better. Together we can find what's going wrong in your life and get you back on track.
(701) 566-0926 View (701) 566-0926
Photo of Katherine So Dachtler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Katherine So Dachtler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Grand Forks, ND 58201
Maybe you've been carrying something for a long time. Maybe life handed you a transition you didn't ask for. Maybe you've always felt a little out of place and you're wondering what it would feel like to truly belong. I'm Katherine, a Transnational Transracial Adoptee. I work with individuals, couples, and families ages 8 and up, navigating adoption, identity, belonging, life's transitions and challenges, trauma, anxiety, and depression. My approach is strengths-based, trauma-sensitive and culturally responsive, holistic and adoption humble. You already carry everything you need. Let's find it together.
Maybe you've been carrying something for a long time. Maybe life handed you a transition you didn't ask for. Maybe you've always felt a little out of place and you're wondering what it would feel like to truly belong. I'm Katherine, a Transnational Transracial Adoptee. I work with individuals, couples, and families ages 8 and up, navigating adoption, identity, belonging, life's transitions and challenges, trauma, anxiety, and depression. My approach is strengths-based, trauma-sensitive and culturally responsive, holistic and adoption humble. You already carry everything you need. Let's find it together.
(701) 394-5164 View (701) 394-5164
Photo of Genevieve Olson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Genevieve Olson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Grand Forks, ND 58201
Hello! My name is Genevieve (she/ her) and I'm a Licensed Master Social Worker in both ND and in MN! I was born and raised in North Dakota where I graduated high school and completed my Bachelors of Science in Social Work. I completed my master’s degree online through Louisiana State University. Prior to becoming a clinical social worker, I worked in child welfare and in an advocate role in the field of addictions. Because of my role in the child welfare system, I have special interests working with children who struggle with trauma and attachment.
Hello! My name is Genevieve (she/ her) and I'm a Licensed Master Social Worker in both ND and in MN! I was born and raised in North Dakota where I graduated high school and completed my Bachelors of Science in Social Work. I completed my master’s degree online through Louisiana State University. Prior to becoming a clinical social worker, I worked in child welfare and in an advocate role in the field of addictions. Because of my role in the child welfare system, I have special interests working with children who struggle with trauma and attachment.
(701) 760-6500 View (701) 760-6500
Photo of Theresa M Knudson, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPCC, PMH-C
Theresa M Knudson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPCC, PMH-C
1 Endorsed
Grand Forks, ND 58201
I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in North Dakota (LPCC 767-12-15-13-274). I feel extremely privileged to do the work I do. I admire your willingness to be open and vulnerable in order to heal. My goal is to create a space for you to explore and nurture your heart in order to find meaning in your unique experiences. I believe that our individual pain provides an opportunity for deeper self-awareness, and therefore collective empathy. I look forward to assisting you in leading a life you enjoy while we create a space for self-compassion, growth, and inner peace.
I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in North Dakota (LPCC 767-12-15-13-274). I feel extremely privileged to do the work I do. I admire your willingness to be open and vulnerable in order to heal. My goal is to create a space for you to explore and nurture your heart in order to find meaning in your unique experiences. I believe that our individual pain provides an opportunity for deeper self-awareness, and therefore collective empathy. I look forward to assisting you in leading a life you enjoy while we create a space for self-compassion, growth, and inner peace.
(701) 402-5571 View (701) 402-5571
Photo of Jean Ann Driscoll - Real World Therapy: Jeani Driscoll, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW, MSW
Real World Therapy: Jeani Driscoll, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW, MSW
Online Only
Out of my 63 years of life in this planet, 28 of those years have been spent assisting others within a diverse number of areas and environments. I am a down to earth, real person, and above all, I want you to feel both comfortable and safe. As you share your story, I listen carefully, and weave therapeutic questions, thoughts, and discussion into our conversation in a way that feels natural. I am a graduate of the UND Master's program, with a specialty in Mental Health; Music Therapy research.
Out of my 63 years of life in this planet, 28 of those years have been spent assisting others within a diverse number of areas and environments. I am a down to earth, real person, and above all, I want you to feel both comfortable and safe. As you share your story, I listen carefully, and weave therapeutic questions, thoughts, and discussion into our conversation in a way that feels natural. I am a graduate of the UND Master's program, with a specialty in Mental Health; Music Therapy research.
(701) 380-1208 View (701) 380-1208
Photo of Tracy Kressin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, LCSW
Tracy Kressin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Grand Forks, ND 58201
I enjoy assisting individuals find balance in their lives and assisting with them with achieving their goals. I have twenty years experience working in the behavioral health field in outpatient & inpatient settings. I am trained in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, CBT, play therapy, accelerated resolution therapy & have experience working with co-occurring, depressive & anxiety disorders. I have experience working with women issues and assisting clients decrease their trauma symptoms. Accepting ages 6+ in person/tele-health sessions. I also have some nontraditional hours available. Licensed in ND, MN, FL, AZ
I enjoy assisting individuals find balance in their lives and assisting with them with achieving their goals. I have twenty years experience working in the behavioral health field in outpatient & inpatient settings. I am trained in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, CBT, play therapy, accelerated resolution therapy & have experience working with co-occurring, depressive & anxiety disorders. I have experience working with women issues and assisting clients decrease their trauma symptoms. Accepting ages 6+ in person/tele-health sessions. I also have some nontraditional hours available. Licensed in ND, MN, FL, AZ
(218) 480-1950 View (218) 480-1950
Photo of Katie Allen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Katie Allen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
1 Endorsed
Grand Forks, ND 58201
Feeling like everything is too much and you can’t keep up? Do old wounds resurface and leave you on edge? Are you constantly worrying or longing for deeper connection and a greater sense of ease? You’re not alone. We all need a little help sometimes and therapy can offer a path toward healing, renewed perspective, and meaningful change. I’m passionate about helping individuals reconnect with their self-worth, navigate life’s challenges, and show up more fully in their lives. My goal is that, through our work together, you’ll regain a sense of authority over your life and move toward healing and growth.
Feeling like everything is too much and you can’t keep up? Do old wounds resurface and leave you on edge? Are you constantly worrying or longing for deeper connection and a greater sense of ease? You’re not alone. We all need a little help sometimes and therapy can offer a path toward healing, renewed perspective, and meaningful change. I’m passionate about helping individuals reconnect with their self-worth, navigate life’s challenges, and show up more fully in their lives. My goal is that, through our work together, you’ll regain a sense of authority over your life and move toward healing and growth.
(701) 490-9790 View (701) 490-9790
Photo of Jamie Jeffrey Boe, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jamie Jeffrey Boe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Grand Forks, ND 58202
I am a compassionate and dedicated Mental Health Therapist with nearly 15 years of experience supporting individuals, couples, and families through a wide range of emotional and psychological challenges. Specializing in evidence-based approaches such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), trauma-informed care, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), EMDR, and mindfulness techniques, I work to create a safe and empathetic environment where clients can explore their feelings, develop coping strategies, and achieve meaningful personal growth.
I am a compassionate and dedicated Mental Health Therapist with nearly 15 years of experience supporting individuals, couples, and families through a wide range of emotional and psychological challenges. Specializing in evidence-based approaches such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), trauma-informed care, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), EMDR, and mindfulness techniques, I work to create a safe and empathetic environment where clients can explore their feelings, develop coping strategies, and achieve meaningful personal growth.
(701) 409-2456 View (701) 409-2456
Photo of Brittany Lavallie, Counselor, LAPC
Brittany Lavallie
Counselor, LAPC
Grand Forks, ND 58201
Brittany is a compassionate professional dedicated to supporting individuals through life’s challenges. She works to create a safe, supportive space where clients feel heard, understood, and empowered to grow.
Brittany is a compassionate professional dedicated to supporting individuals through life’s challenges. She works to create a safe, supportive space where clients feel heard, understood, and empowered to grow.
(701) 847-4451 View (701) 847-4451
Photo of Miranda Confer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Miranda Confer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Grand Forks, ND 58201
I see clients ages 5+ and I have a special interest in working with individuals who have experienced (or are experiencing) foster care, adoption, and trauma.
I see clients ages 5+ and I have a special interest in working with individuals who have experienced (or are experiencing) foster care, adoption, and trauma.
(701) 699-4914 View (701) 699-4914
Photo of Nicole LaDouceur, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC
Nicole LaDouceur
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC
2 Endorsed
Grand Forks, ND 58201
I believe everyone is deserving of living a full and balanced life, and that people are entitled to a space where they are safe to be their true selves. I also believe we have a responsibility to strive to be our best selves and engage with the world from a place of healing and humility. No one is going to get it right every time, but I hope to help people to be able to identify harmful patterns and offer support in making positive changes.
I believe everyone is deserving of living a full and balanced life, and that people are entitled to a space where they are safe to be their true selves. I also believe we have a responsibility to strive to be our best selves and engage with the world from a place of healing and humility. No one is going to get it right every time, but I hope to help people to be able to identify harmful patterns and offer support in making positive changes.
(701) 847-1645 View (701) 847-1645

See more therapy options for Grand Forks

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Grand Forks, ND

50+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in Grand Forks, ND who prioritize treating:

82% Anxiety
77% Depression
74% Trauma and PTSD
70% Relationship Issues
68% Self Esteem
67% Stress
54% Women's Issues

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

87% BlueCross and BlueShield
79% Sanford Health Plan
51% Medicaid

How Therapists in Grand Forks, ND see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

85% Female
13% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Grand Forks?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.