Therapists in Winston Salem, NC

Voice for Children & Nurturing Families
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, RPT, CCTP, CSOTS
Winston Salem, NC 27103
Accepting New Patients! VCNF specializes and is committed to helping children, adolescents, adults, and families to achieve their goals and find healing within a safe environment. VCNF's goal is to assist patients in finding and expressing their maximum potential. VCNF specializes in treating trauma, adoption, foster care, depression, attachment, and attachment. VCNF's approach to therapy is unique in that she uses up-to-date interventions and various types of evidenced based treatment modalities to treat psychological and behavioral issues. VCNF is also a champion of healthy development, personal growth and relationships.
Accepting New Patients! VCNF specializes and is committed to helping children, adolescents, adults, and families to achieve their goals and find healing within a safe environment. VCNF's goal is to assist patients in finding and expressing their maximum potential. VCNF specializes in treating trauma, adoption, foster care, depression, attachment, and attachment. VCNF's approach to therapy is unique in that she uses up-to-date interventions and various types of evidenced based treatment modalities to treat psychological and behavioral issues. VCNF is also a champion of healthy development, personal growth and relationships.
(336) 739-4013 View (336) 739-4013
Skye Harvey
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor Associate, LCMHCA
Winston Salem, NC 27104
I provide counseling for adults with varying needs and concerns ranging from anxiety and depression, self-worth, relationship struggles, life transitions, grief, and complex trauma. I specialize in issues of spirituality and religious trauma, abuse, and adverse religious experiences - including those where exploring gender and affectional identity were taboo. If you identify as an exvangelical, let's talk. I love working with people in helping professions and addressing the unique needs therein. Most importantly, I seek to I honor the needs of your intersecting identities and what that means in the therapeutic relationship.
I provide counseling for adults with varying needs and concerns ranging from anxiety and depression, self-worth, relationship struggles, life transitions, grief, and complex trauma. I specialize in issues of spirituality and religious trauma, abuse, and adverse religious experiences - including those where exploring gender and affectional identity were taboo. If you identify as an exvangelical, let's talk. I love working with people in helping professions and addressing the unique needs therein. Most importantly, I seek to I honor the needs of your intersecting identities and what that means in the therapeutic relationship.
(336) 439-8533 x727 View (336) 439-8533 x727
Ashley Griffin Levers
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PMH-C
Winston Salem, NC 27103
Pregnancy and early motherhood can be some of the most transformative — and overwhelming — seasons of life. You may love your baby deeply and still feel anxious, irritable, disconnected, or unlike yourself. Your thoughts might race at night, you may question every decision, or feel guilt for not “enjoying this stage” the way you expected. The transition into motherhood can quietly shake your sense of identity. Your body has changed. Relationships may feel different. You might wonder, Who am I now?
Pregnancy and early motherhood can be some of the most transformative — and overwhelming — seasons of life. You may love your baby deeply and still feel anxious, irritable, disconnected, or unlike yourself. Your thoughts might race at night, you may question every decision, or feel guilt for not “enjoying this stage” the way you expected. The transition into motherhood can quietly shake your sense of identity. Your body has changed. Relationships may feel different. You might wonder, Who am I now?
(336) 396-8671 View (336) 396-8671
Paige Rodefer
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, EMDR-CT
4 Endorsed
Winston Salem, NC 27101
Accepting clients! Offering EMDRIA certified EMDR, trauma-informed, psychotherapy. Does it feel like the world is a tempest? Looking for safe harbor to externalize worries & anxiety? Whether you're struggling with hypervigilance, dismantling incongruent systems of belief, triggers, unhelpful cycles with others, or difficult relationships, life transitions, painful experiences from family of origin, knowing how or where to begin can feel overwhelming. It starts with a single step forward, and a curious heart.
Accepting clients! Offering EMDRIA certified EMDR, trauma-informed, psychotherapy. Does it feel like the world is a tempest? Looking for safe harbor to externalize worries & anxiety? Whether you're struggling with hypervigilance, dismantling incongruent systems of belief, triggers, unhelpful cycles with others, or difficult relationships, life transitions, painful experiences from family of origin, knowing how or where to begin can feel overwhelming. It starts with a single step forward, and a curious heart.
(478) 241-5629 View (478) 241-5629
Melinda Snyder
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Councelor, MA, MDiv, LCMHCS
Winston Salem, NC 27103
Hello! I am a Trauma Specialist trained in EMDR, Internal Family Systems-IFS, Hypnotherapy, QHHT, and Trauma Therapy and specialize in PTSD, ADHD, anxiety and depression with over 15 years of experience assisting clients to a state of well-being, growth, and wholeness. Most clients find my approach gentle, compassionate and involved. I try to leave you with something in each session, instead of "just listening." You can expect to be accepted where you are, to feel safe, and to be an active participant in your unique journey as we move at your own pace.
Hello! I am a Trauma Specialist trained in EMDR, Internal Family Systems-IFS, Hypnotherapy, QHHT, and Trauma Therapy and specialize in PTSD, ADHD, anxiety and depression with over 15 years of experience assisting clients to a state of well-being, growth, and wholeness. Most clients find my approach gentle, compassionate and involved. I try to leave you with something in each session, instead of "just listening." You can expect to be accepted where you are, to feel safe, and to be an active participant in your unique journey as we move at your own pace.
(336) 360-6452 View (336) 360-6452
Mackenzie Boyd
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, BSW, MSW, LCSW
6 Endorsed
Online Only
You can’t pick your family, but you can pick your therapist. My goal is to make our time together feel less like a clinical appointment and more like a co-creative journey toward your well-being. I work with clients ages 8 and up, using an eclectic blend of modalities including Internal Family Systems, solution-focused therapy, CBT, DBT, and other approaches tailored to you or your family’s needs to design a path that truly resonates. I approach therapy with openness, curiosity, and deep respect for each person’s unique experiences, always honoring clients as whole individuals.
You can’t pick your family, but you can pick your therapist. My goal is to make our time together feel less like a clinical appointment and more like a co-creative journey toward your well-being. I work with clients ages 8 and up, using an eclectic blend of modalities including Internal Family Systems, solution-focused therapy, CBT, DBT, and other approaches tailored to you or your family’s needs to design a path that truly resonates. I approach therapy with openness, curiosity, and deep respect for each person’s unique experiences, always honoring clients as whole individuals.
(910) 803-1673 View (910) 803-1673
Dr. Brock Mykel Grace
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, PhD, LCMHC, NCC
4 Endorsed
Winston Salem, NC 27103
Waitlist for new clients
It takes a lot of courage to seek help due to the stigmas that are often associated with receiving counseling services and getting assistance with your mental health. I applaud you for taking the first step! I have had the opportunity to work a diverse group of individuals over the course of the past 15 years. One of the most important things I’ve learned is that there is no cookie-cutter, one size fits all approach to counseling. I prefer to get to know you as an individual, and not just categorizing or summing you up based on the challenges or behaviors that you’re currently facing or challenged with.
It takes a lot of courage to seek help due to the stigmas that are often associated with receiving counseling services and getting assistance with your mental health. I applaud you for taking the first step! I have had the opportunity to work a diverse group of individuals over the course of the past 15 years. One of the most important things I’ve learned is that there is no cookie-cutter, one size fits all approach to counseling. I prefer to get to know you as an individual, and not just categorizing or summing you up based on the challenges or behaviors that you’re currently facing or challenged with.
(336) 360-3657 View (336) 360-3657
Camel City Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCMHC
15 Endorsed
Winston Salem, NC 27101
We provide psychotherapy, psychological evaluations, DBT skills classes, and clinical supervision in NC. We serve children ages 5 and up, families, teens, couples and adults. We also provide a variety of consulting services from 504/IEP planning support to organizational "check ups from the neck up." Our counselors use a variety of tools including EMDR, DBT, IFS, family therapy, and CBT to help you heal. Whether you are coming to our office in Winston-Salem or seeing one of our providers virtually, we cannot wait to connect and help you grow toward your goals.
We provide psychotherapy, psychological evaluations, DBT skills classes, and clinical supervision in NC. We serve children ages 5 and up, families, teens, couples and adults. We also provide a variety of consulting services from 504/IEP planning support to organizational "check ups from the neck up." Our counselors use a variety of tools including EMDR, DBT, IFS, family therapy, and CBT to help you heal. Whether you are coming to our office in Winston-Salem or seeing one of our providers virtually, we cannot wait to connect and help you grow toward your goals.
(336) 542-2798 View (336) 542-2798
Taylor Miller
Counselor, LCMHC
2 Endorsed
Winston Salem, NC 27101
Your childhood wasn’t exactly idyllic. What should have been a safe, stable, and joyful time was instead dangerous, unpredictable, and terrifying. You learned to stay quiet, not take up space, and be the “good kid,” often compensating for your parents’ deficiencies. You learned to rely solely on yourself – after all, you didn’t have other options. Now, as an adult, your mind and body still react as if danger is everywhere. You’re either hypervigilant (worried all the time) or completely dissociated (checked out). The trauma that took place 10, 20, or even 30 years ago still torments you. You’re ready to move on and be free.
Your childhood wasn’t exactly idyllic. What should have been a safe, stable, and joyful time was instead dangerous, unpredictable, and terrifying. You learned to stay quiet, not take up space, and be the “good kid,” often compensating for your parents’ deficiencies. You learned to rely solely on yourself – after all, you didn’t have other options. Now, as an adult, your mind and body still react as if danger is everywhere. You’re either hypervigilant (worried all the time) or completely dissociated (checked out). The trauma that took place 10, 20, or even 30 years ago still torments you. You’re ready to move on and be free.
(336) 281-6760 View (336) 281-6760
Man To Man Therapy For Men
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor Associate, LCMHC
Winston Salem, NC 27101
Most men are raised as boys with bad information. Many of us were told to become machines instead of dimensional men. We are asked to be hard, vulnerable, capable, fallible, uncomplaining, protective, and trusting. These qualities can seem like opposites, impossible to combine in one person. The requirements of being a leader, a lover, a son, a father, or husband can seem overwhelming. As a result of this pressure, many men are depressed, anxious, confused, lonely, and even suicidal. Negative coping skills like substance abuse, addictive behaviors, and an inability to maintain relationships are the grim result.
Most men are raised as boys with bad information. Many of us were told to become machines instead of dimensional men. We are asked to be hard, vulnerable, capable, fallible, uncomplaining, protective, and trusting. These qualities can seem like opposites, impossible to combine in one person. The requirements of being a leader, a lover, a son, a father, or husband can seem overwhelming. As a result of this pressure, many men are depressed, anxious, confused, lonely, and even suicidal. Negative coping skills like substance abuse, addictive behaviors, and an inability to maintain relationships are the grim result.
(336) 370-7887 View (336) 370-7887
Corey Daniel
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MEd, LCMHC, NCC
1 Endorsed
Winston Salem, NC 27106
I know finding support can be hard - from deciding you want to open yourself up to and trusting someone else to be a part of that process to realizing there is something you are struggling with. Sometimes the struggle is even finding a therapist who has availability (which can be discouraging in itself, I know!). But realize every step is one in the direction to you being a happier you, and you’re worth the time and energy it takes! Feel free to take a look at my website to learn more about me. I work with adolescents and adults and have specialized training in Brainspotting and Trauma Focused CBT therapeutic approaches.
I know finding support can be hard - from deciding you want to open yourself up to and trusting someone else to be a part of that process to realizing there is something you are struggling with. Sometimes the struggle is even finding a therapist who has availability (which can be discouraging in itself, I know!). But realize every step is one in the direction to you being a happier you, and you’re worth the time and energy it takes! Feel free to take a look at my website to learn more about me. I work with adolescents and adults and have specialized training in Brainspotting and Trauma Focused CBT therapeutic approaches.
(336) 920-7146 View (336) 920-7146
Jacob Hix
Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Associate, MA, LCMHCA
Winston Salem, NC 27101
I am encouraged that you have taken the first step in the journey towards healing and growth. I am a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor Associate (LCMHCA) and I enjoy working with a diversity of hurdles and presenting problems that you may be facing today. I have a broad experience working with clients wanting to progress through problems such as anxiety, depression, OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder), Bipolar, and PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder). I have also assisted clients in discovering their own interests and identity while navigating personality disorders or a perceived disconnection with others around them.
I am encouraged that you have taken the first step in the journey towards healing and growth. I am a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor Associate (LCMHCA) and I enjoy working with a diversity of hurdles and presenting problems that you may be facing today. I have a broad experience working with clients wanting to progress through problems such as anxiety, depression, OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder), Bipolar, and PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder). I have also assisted clients in discovering their own interests and identity while navigating personality disorders or a perceived disconnection with others around them.
(336) 296-5965 View (336) 296-5965
Lexi Lehman
Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Associate, LCMHCA
1 Endorsed
Winston Salem, NC 27103
If your kiddo's big emotions and behaviors leave you feeling overwhelmed, I'm here to help! My ideal clients are children (ages 3–12) or teenagers who are navigating life transitions, identity development, or the beautiful complexities of moving through the world with a neurodivergent brain. I serve young people who feel misunderstood, anxious, frustrated, or "too much" for their environments. I advocate for and collaborate with caregivers who are invested in their child’s emotional wellness. They want to understand their child’s inner world, strengthen their attachment, and learn how to co-regulate in the safety of our playroom.
If your kiddo's big emotions and behaviors leave you feeling overwhelmed, I'm here to help! My ideal clients are children (ages 3–12) or teenagers who are navigating life transitions, identity development, or the beautiful complexities of moving through the world with a neurodivergent brain. I serve young people who feel misunderstood, anxious, frustrated, or "too much" for their environments. I advocate for and collaborate with caregivers who are invested in their child’s emotional wellness. They want to understand their child’s inner world, strengthen their attachment, and learn how to co-regulate in the safety of our playroom.
(336) 619-9901 x1 View (336) 619-9901 x1
Jamesetter Credell
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Online Only
I am glad you have taken a brave step towards seeking assistance for the issues that have been troubling you lately. There are many things in a person's life that may cause stress or a disruption in their routines and without seeking assistance their situation may become worse. It is very important to have positive mental health for a person to have good overall well-being. Specifically, my counseling approach is using cognitive-behavioral techniques and self-guided help.
I am glad you have taken a brave step towards seeking assistance for the issues that have been troubling you lately. There are many things in a person's life that may cause stress or a disruption in their routines and without seeking assistance their situation may become worse. It is very important to have positive mental health for a person to have good overall well-being. Specifically, my counseling approach is using cognitive-behavioral techniques and self-guided help.
(336) 490-9331 View (336) 490-9331
Elena (Dolman) Ahrenholz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Winston Salem, NC 27106
Not accepting new clients
I frequently work with adults of all ages who feel overwhelmed by life transitions or stagnant and numb, unable to accomplish deeply-held dreams or to access their innate creativity. I offer a whimsical yet structured approach to therapy and enjoy discovering your unique strengths and capacities for resilience and hope. I especially enjoy working with those who feel haunted by their past and have experienced trauma.
I frequently work with adults of all ages who feel overwhelmed by life transitions or stagnant and numb, unable to accomplish deeply-held dreams or to access their innate creativity. I offer a whimsical yet structured approach to therapy and enjoy discovering your unique strengths and capacities for resilience and hope. I especially enjoy working with those who feel haunted by their past and have experienced trauma.
(336) 568-3756 View (336) 568-3756
KeSean Legrant Mobley
LCSW Associate, LCSW-A, LCAS-A
2 Endorsed
Winston Salem, NC 27103
I enjoy working with adolescents, young adults, and adults who may be navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, ADHD, bipolar disorder, substance use, life transitions, or relationship challenges. My ideal clients are those who want to feel heard, understood, and supported without judgment. I meet clients where they are and work alongside them to uncover their strengths, build healthy coping skills, and create meaningful change. Through CBT, DBT, and trauma-informed care, my goal is to help each person feel more confident, empowered, and hopeful about what comes next.
I enjoy working with adolescents, young adults, and adults who may be navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, ADHD, bipolar disorder, substance use, life transitions, or relationship challenges. My ideal clients are those who want to feel heard, understood, and supported without judgment. I meet clients where they are and work alongside them to uncover their strengths, build healthy coping skills, and create meaningful change. Through CBT, DBT, and trauma-informed care, my goal is to help each person feel more confident, empowered, and hopeful about what comes next.
(336) 910-9982 View (336) 910-9982
Emily Watson
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, LCAS, NCC, CCTP
1 Endorsed
Winston Salem, NC 27101
I believe that healing starts with connection. Hi, I am Emily. I use a person-centered approach to address effective communication, anger management, interpersonal struggles, and adjustment or transitional challenges. I provide individual counseling services, case support, care coordination, and community resources to connect adolescents and adults with individualized clinical care appropriate for each client.
I believe that healing starts with connection. Hi, I am Emily. I use a person-centered approach to address effective communication, anger management, interpersonal struggles, and adjustment or transitional challenges. I provide individual counseling services, case support, care coordination, and community resources to connect adolescents and adults with individualized clinical care appropriate for each client.
(336) 810-8598 View (336) 810-8598
Turquoisia Green
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, NCC, LCMHC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
College can be overwhelming, academically, emotionally, and socially. I work with college age young adults who are navigating anxiety, stress, self-doubt, and major life transitions. Many feel pressure to succeed, uncertainty about their future, or difficulty balancing expectations with their own needs. My clients want to feel more grounded, confident, and supported as they figure out who they are and where they're headed.
College can be overwhelming, academically, emotionally, and socially. I work with college age young adults who are navigating anxiety, stress, self-doubt, and major life transitions. Many feel pressure to succeed, uncertainty about their future, or difficulty balancing expectations with their own needs. My clients want to feel more grounded, confident, and supported as they figure out who they are and where they're headed.
(336) 827-3134 View (336) 827-3134
Salem Counseling & Consulting, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCMHC, LCAS
13 Endorsed
Online Only
Currently Accepting New Clients! Salem Counseling and Consulting, PLLC provides convenient, high-quality teletherapy to individuals across North Carolina. Our diverse practice consists of specialized therapists equipped to address a wide variety of mental health needs, with the ultimate goal that anyone and everyone feels deeply honored, safe, and heard when seeking therapy with us. We are an LGBTQIA+ affirming practice deeply committed to racial equity, social justice, and creating an inclusive space where all spiritual and philosophical worldviews are respected.
Currently Accepting New Clients! Salem Counseling and Consulting, PLLC provides convenient, high-quality teletherapy to individuals across North Carolina. Our diverse practice consists of specialized therapists equipped to address a wide variety of mental health needs, with the ultimate goal that anyone and everyone feels deeply honored, safe, and heard when seeking therapy with us. We are an LGBTQIA+ affirming practice deeply committed to racial equity, social justice, and creating an inclusive space where all spiritual and philosophical worldviews are respected.
(980) 223-3997 View (980) 223-3997
Jamee Mack
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Winston Salem, NC 27101
Feeling overwhelmed by worry or stress? This can make everyday life feel like a challenge. You may notice yourself becoming more withdrawn, overwhelmed, or disconnected from activities that once brought you joy. Or maybe your child is struggling— more irritable, more sensitive, or avoiding situations that once felt easy. When usual coping strategies stop working, it’s normal to feel uncertain about what to do next.
Feeling overwhelmed by worry or stress? This can make everyday life feel like a challenge. You may notice yourself becoming more withdrawn, overwhelmed, or disconnected from activities that once brought you joy. Or maybe your child is struggling— more irritable, more sensitive, or avoiding situations that once felt easy. When usual coping strategies stop working, it’s normal to feel uncertain about what to do next.
(336) 203-3152 x102 View (336) 203-3152 x102

See more therapy options for Winston Salem

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Winston Salem, NC

700+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Winston Salem, NC who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
92% Social Anxiety
92% Health Anxiety
92% Driving Anxiety
87% Depression
75% Self Esteem
73% Stress

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

94% Aetna
91% BlueCross and BlueShield
53% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Winston Salem, NC see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Winston Salem?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.