Therapists in Asheville, NC

Photo of Amy N Passmore, Marriage & Family Therapist, MMFT, LMFT, LPC
Amy N Passmore
Marriage & Family Therapist, MMFT, LMFT, LPC
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Thanks for stopping by my page! I believe that every person has innate strengths and resources for bettering their life and deepening their connection with others, and therapy works to help remove the barriers and beliefs that keep these resources out of reach. I desire for therapy to be a place where my clients feel safe, accepted, understood and empowered. I deeply enjoy the work that I do, and feel it is a great honor to walk alongside my clients through difficult and significant points in their lives.
Thanks for stopping by my page! I believe that every person has innate strengths and resources for bettering their life and deepening their connection with others, and therapy works to help remove the barriers and beliefs that keep these resources out of reach. I desire for therapy to be a place where my clients feel safe, accepted, understood and empowered. I deeply enjoy the work that I do, and feel it is a great honor to walk alongside my clients through difficult and significant points in their lives.
(325) 252-5611 View (325) 252-5611
Photo of Kaity Horseman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCAS
Kaity Horseman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCAS
Asheville, NC 28801
Are you having difficulty navigating the changes in your life? These changes can be big or small ones accumulated over time and can affect every aspect of your life. They can affect your self-esteem, your relationships, and your engagement in work or school. These changes often create feelings of confusion, pressure, anxiety, feeling lost, overwhelmed, self-doubt, and a sense of grief. During times of change and transition, it can be invaluable to have a professional outside of your friends and family offer perspective and guidance so that you can take action from a place of inner wisdom, clarity and alignment with your truth.
Are you having difficulty navigating the changes in your life? These changes can be big or small ones accumulated over time and can affect every aspect of your life. They can affect your self-esteem, your relationships, and your engagement in work or school. These changes often create feelings of confusion, pressure, anxiety, feeling lost, overwhelmed, self-doubt, and a sense of grief. During times of change and transition, it can be invaluable to have a professional outside of your friends and family offer perspective and guidance so that you can take action from a place of inner wisdom, clarity and alignment with your truth.
(828) 554-2471 View (828) 554-2471
Photo of Andrea James, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Andrea James
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MA, LCMHC
2 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28801
Many of the folks I see are feeling disconnected from their own inner wisdom and find it difficult to trust themselves, whether that be their mind, their emotional world, or their body. With so much noise coming from things like media, friends, and/or family, a barrier forms in our ability to trust ourselves. I often find that this rupture in trust is at the core of our healing. Trust that we know what we need, who we are, and that we are simply enough. Just like any other relationship that requires repair, we must take gentle and compassionate steps toward rebuilding trust and coming back to ourselves.
Many of the folks I see are feeling disconnected from their own inner wisdom and find it difficult to trust themselves, whether that be their mind, their emotional world, or their body. With so much noise coming from things like media, friends, and/or family, a barrier forms in our ability to trust ourselves. I often find that this rupture in trust is at the core of our healing. Trust that we know what we need, who we are, and that we are simply enough. Just like any other relationship that requires repair, we must take gentle and compassionate steps toward rebuilding trust and coming back to ourselves.
(828) 373-2217 View (828) 373-2217
Photo of Allison Ramsey, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LCMHC, LMHC
Allison Ramsey
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LCMHC, LMHC
6 Endorsed
Online Only
Trying to conceive can take over your life. I help people struggling with fertility learn to thrive again. My clients are capable, motivated, and driven to live the life they want. I will help you make a plan to handle the emotional part of infertility and restore hope. During our time together you will reduce stress, feel more in control, and learn communication skills to strengthen connection with your partner and loved ones. I will help you participate in your life again.
Trying to conceive can take over your life. I help people struggling with fertility learn to thrive again. My clients are capable, motivated, and driven to live the life they want. I will help you make a plan to handle the emotional part of infertility and restore hope. During our time together you will reduce stress, feel more in control, and learn communication skills to strengthen connection with your partner and loved ones. I will help you participate in your life again.
(828) 358-0694 View (828) 358-0694
Photo of Eric Pitts, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC
Eric Pitts
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28801
60% of men will experience a traumatic event in their life, but unlike women, only 36% will receive treatment. Life is a hell of a thing but, as men, the expectation is to just deal with it. Are things so bad you are too scared to try anything different? Even when we don’t have the words for what we are going through, how we interpret our life makes a big difference. When we don’t talk about what is going on, it can negatively impact the people we care about. What you think and how you feel matters. Your life’s story deserves to be told. It also needs to be heard and accepted as it makes sense to you.
60% of men will experience a traumatic event in their life, but unlike women, only 36% will receive treatment. Life is a hell of a thing but, as men, the expectation is to just deal with it. Are things so bad you are too scared to try anything different? Even when we don’t have the words for what we are going through, how we interpret our life makes a big difference. When we don’t talk about what is going on, it can negatively impact the people we care about. What you think and how you feel matters. Your life’s story deserves to be told. It also needs to be heard and accepted as it makes sense to you.
(828) 332-5722 View (828) 332-5722
Photo of Leah Webster, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC
Leah Webster
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC
Online Only
Hi there! I work with individuals and couples navigating relational distress, family dynamics, neurodivergence, anxiety, depression, sexual concerns, and long-standing patterns. I offer a space that is warm, collaborative, curious, and real. Therapy with me is not about pretending to have it all together. It’s about showing up honestly, making sense of your inner world, and maybe laughing a little along the way. I work especially well with people who feel emotionally complex, introspective, sensitive, creative, or like they’ve never fully fit into conventional spaces.
Hi there! I work with individuals and couples navigating relational distress, family dynamics, neurodivergence, anxiety, depression, sexual concerns, and long-standing patterns. I offer a space that is warm, collaborative, curious, and real. Therapy with me is not about pretending to have it all together. It’s about showing up honestly, making sense of your inner world, and maybe laughing a little along the way. I work especially well with people who feel emotionally complex, introspective, sensitive, creative, or like they’ve never fully fit into conventional spaces.
(828) 392-1664 View (828) 392-1664
Photo of Holly Boyle Goliwas, Psychological Associate, MA, LPA
Holly Boyle Goliwas
Psychological Associate, MA, LPA
2 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28801
I am a Master's level psychologist with extensive training in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). I have experience working as a therapist with children, adolescents, and adults, and I mostly specialize in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and anxiety related disorders. I offer a supportive and caring environment, respect to all individuals, genuine interaction, and an opportunity for change and growth.
I am a Master's level psychologist with extensive training in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). I have experience working as a therapist with children, adolescents, and adults, and I mostly specialize in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and anxiety related disorders. I offer a supportive and caring environment, respect to all individuals, genuine interaction, and an opportunity for change and growth.
(828) 475-4945 View (828) 475-4945
Photo of Jessica Fruchtman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCAS
Jessica Fruchtman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCAS
Asheville, NC 28806
Are you feeling stuck or overwhelmed with emotions? Struggling in relationships, work, or adult life in general? Have you been noticing that your past trauma keeps popping up, and all you want is to gain your control back? As humans, when our feelings of anxiety/panic become too overwhelming and difficult to manage, our bodies attempt to protect us from what it perceives as danger through mechanisms that often end up not helping us as much as they intend. In practice, this might look like anxious/freeze-y/people-pleasing responses, or avoidant/running away tendencies, along with some other potential manifestations.
Are you feeling stuck or overwhelmed with emotions? Struggling in relationships, work, or adult life in general? Have you been noticing that your past trauma keeps popping up, and all you want is to gain your control back? As humans, when our feelings of anxiety/panic become too overwhelming and difficult to manage, our bodies attempt to protect us from what it perceives as danger through mechanisms that often end up not helping us as much as they intend. In practice, this might look like anxious/freeze-y/people-pleasing responses, or avoidant/running away tendencies, along with some other potential manifestations.
(828) 332-5312 View (828) 332-5312
Photo of Pamela Millis, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHCS, CGP
Pamela Millis
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHCS, CGP
Asheville, NC 28801
I work with my patients to uncover, understand, and free unconscious patterns of relating to self and others. My training background is in Relational and Modern Psychoanalysis, Group Therapy, Attachment, and Buddhist Psychology. I provide psychotherapy to individuals and long-term groups. I also provide clinical supervision to psychotherapists.
I work with my patients to uncover, understand, and free unconscious patterns of relating to self and others. My training background is in Relational and Modern Psychoanalysis, Group Therapy, Attachment, and Buddhist Psychology. I provide psychotherapy to individuals and long-term groups. I also provide clinical supervision to psychotherapists.
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Photo of Jacob Lawrence, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCAS
Jacob Lawrence
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCAS
3 Endorsed
Online Only
I provide support and guidance so that my clients do not have to bear their struggles alone. We work collaboratively to understand what is not working and why. We examine past patterns of experience to help us understand current feelings and behaviors. We can create lasting change and transformation by addressing the underlying issues. I emphasize individual empowerment which allows the client to own their own victories. Empowerment creates a ripple effect which can transcend every aspect of ones life not just in one specific area.
I provide support and guidance so that my clients do not have to bear their struggles alone. We work collaboratively to understand what is not working and why. We examine past patterns of experience to help us understand current feelings and behaviors. We can create lasting change and transformation by addressing the underlying issues. I emphasize individual empowerment which allows the client to own their own victories. Empowerment creates a ripple effect which can transcend every aspect of ones life not just in one specific area.
(828) 457-7194 View (828) 457-7194
Photo of Kendra Hamman, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC
Kendra Hamman
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hello, I'm so glad you're here! Life is a lot right now. Are you navigating anxiety that makes it hard to get through the day? Depression that makes even getting out of bed feel like a win? Maybe your relationships feel surface-level, or you're craving the courage to show up as your most authentic self, but you're not quite sure what that even looks like yet! I can help you explore your identity, build self-compassion, develop real coping skills for anxiety and depression, and so much more. If you're ready to get curious about your patterns, deepen your relationship with yourself, and do that work in a
Hello, I'm so glad you're here! Life is a lot right now. Are you navigating anxiety that makes it hard to get through the day? Depression that makes even getting out of bed feel like a win? Maybe your relationships feel surface-level, or you're craving the courage to show up as your most authentic self, but you're not quite sure what that even looks like yet! I can help you explore your identity, build self-compassion, develop real coping skills for anxiety and depression, and so much more. If you're ready to get curious about your patterns, deepen your relationship with yourself, and do that work in a
(828) 373-4521 View (828) 373-4521
Photo of Jeff Beers, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Jeff Beers
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Asheville, NC 28803
My years in practice have helped me learn to listen closely and engage deeply with the things people tell me. I’ve helped my clients address real troubles, accept difficult realities, communicate more effectively and reduce conflict in their minds and relationships. My clients often leave sessions with fresh perspective, new language, useful insight and direction. I’ve helped people get unstuck, feel lighter, and live better. I’m not easily overwhelmed by strong feelings or complex issues, and I don’t judge. I consider psychotherapy to be both an art and a science, and I strive to weave the two.
My years in practice have helped me learn to listen closely and engage deeply with the things people tell me. I’ve helped my clients address real troubles, accept difficult realities, communicate more effectively and reduce conflict in their minds and relationships. My clients often leave sessions with fresh perspective, new language, useful insight and direction. I’ve helped people get unstuck, feel lighter, and live better. I’m not easily overwhelmed by strong feelings or complex issues, and I don’t judge. I consider psychotherapy to be both an art and a science, and I strive to weave the two.
(828) 518-2570 View (828) 518-2570
Photo of Julia Popowski, Counselor, LCMHC
Julia Popowski
Counselor, LCMHC
2 Endorsed
Online Only
It is an honor to be trusted to collaborate with my clients on their healing journey. I work diligently to empower each person to awaken to their innate wisdom and strengths within a stigma-free and judgment-free environment. I specialize in helping those with complex/relational trauma, attachment wounds, and adverse life experiences resulting in toxic shame and patterns of feeling "stuck". I also work with all addictions, anxiety, depression, and relationship issues.
It is an honor to be trusted to collaborate with my clients on their healing journey. I work diligently to empower each person to awaken to their innate wisdom and strengths within a stigma-free and judgment-free environment. I specialize in helping those with complex/relational trauma, attachment wounds, and adverse life experiences resulting in toxic shame and patterns of feeling "stuck". I also work with all addictions, anxiety, depression, and relationship issues.
(828) 373-8865 View (828) 373-8865
Photo of Alice Bauman, Counselor, MS, LCMHCA, LCASA
Alice Bauman
Counselor, MS, LCMHCA, LCASA
Asheville, NC 28805
You might be ready to make room for a new transition, or a big change has already found you. Maybe you've already let go of something that wasn't working anymore, and you're feeling overwhelmed with thoughts and feelings that have re-entered the chat. If you're looking to do that work alongside a professional counselor with a straightforward approach and a dark sense of humor, I'm your guy. I connecting with service industry professionals, neurodivergent individuals, members of the LGBTQIA2s+ community, those impacted by the criminal justice system, and and anyone who doesn't feel quite at home in traditional therapy spaces.
You might be ready to make room for a new transition, or a big change has already found you. Maybe you've already let go of something that wasn't working anymore, and you're feeling overwhelmed with thoughts and feelings that have re-entered the chat. If you're looking to do that work alongside a professional counselor with a straightforward approach and a dark sense of humor, I'm your guy. I connecting with service industry professionals, neurodivergent individuals, members of the LGBTQIA2s+ community, those impacted by the criminal justice system, and and anyone who doesn't feel quite at home in traditional therapy spaces.
(828) 554-8048 View (828) 554-8048
Photo of Michele Finkelstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, C-DBT
Michele Finkelstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, C-DBT
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28801
You may be feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or unsure of how to cope with everything life is asking of you right now. This can show up through relationship stress, life transitions, emotional exhaustion, or the pressure to hold it all together. I work with adults who want to feel more grounded and supported. Together, we’ll make sense of what you’re carrying and build tools that actually work. My approach is trauma-informed, LGBTQIA+ affirming, neuro-affirming, body positive, and sex positive.
You may be feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or unsure of how to cope with everything life is asking of you right now. This can show up through relationship stress, life transitions, emotional exhaustion, or the pressure to hold it all together. I work with adults who want to feel more grounded and supported. Together, we’ll make sense of what you’re carrying and build tools that actually work. My approach is trauma-informed, LGBTQIA+ affirming, neuro-affirming, body positive, and sex positive.
(828) 949-1691 View (828) 949-1691
Photo of Carol Fair, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, LCAS
Carol Fair
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, LCAS
Asheville, NC 28801
Have you been feeling stuck? Are you repeating the same unhelpful patterns in your relationships? Have you tried to live life differently and are unable to sustain lasting change? Perhaps you have been wanting to know and live out your life's purpose. My practice is highly influenced by the work of Carl Jung and my personal experience working through these same types of challenges. I spent decades feeling stuck in heavy emotional pain and low self-esteem. Providing a safe and non-judgmental space is my highest priority. As we explore your discomfort, I trust that a new sense of light and love will unfold for you.
Have you been feeling stuck? Are you repeating the same unhelpful patterns in your relationships? Have you tried to live life differently and are unable to sustain lasting change? Perhaps you have been wanting to know and live out your life's purpose. My practice is highly influenced by the work of Carl Jung and my personal experience working through these same types of challenges. I spent decades feeling stuck in heavy emotional pain and low self-esteem. Providing a safe and non-judgmental space is my highest priority. As we explore your discomfort, I trust that a new sense of light and love will unfold for you.
(828) 564-8929 View (828) 564-8929
Photo of Madison Anderson, Licensed Professional Counselor, LCMHC, ASDCS, MAEd
Madison Anderson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCMHC, ASDCS, MAEd
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28801
Although I enjoy working with anyone committed to self-understanding and healing, I especially enjoy working with autistic and neurodivergent individuals and take an affirming approach to care. My style is warm, genuine, and human. I use gentle confrontation, humor, and occasionally some well-placed curse words when appropriate. Much of our work may include understanding patterns of thought and behavior, building emotional regulation skills, and cultivating self-compassion.
Although I enjoy working with anyone committed to self-understanding and healing, I especially enjoy working with autistic and neurodivergent individuals and take an affirming approach to care. My style is warm, genuine, and human. I use gentle confrontation, humor, and occasionally some well-placed curse words when appropriate. Much of our work may include understanding patterns of thought and behavior, building emotional regulation skills, and cultivating self-compassion.
(252) 518-4248 View (252) 518-4248
Photo of Mark Xavier Dunn, Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Supervisor, LCMHCS
Mark Xavier Dunn
Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Supervisor, LCMHCS
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28806
Are you struggling with depression, anxiety or trauma? Are you feeling sad or grieving a loss. Are there problematic patterns keeping you stuck? Are you having difficultly finding motivation or the tools to make changes? You are not alone and I can help. I have been working with individuals and families for over 25 years with positive results. I create a compassionate and emotionally safe environment where we will begin your journey. I will listen to your story and together we will work through the beliefs that create limitations. I will help you develop strategies and a daily practice to improve your life.
Are you struggling with depression, anxiety or trauma? Are you feeling sad or grieving a loss. Are there problematic patterns keeping you stuck? Are you having difficultly finding motivation or the tools to make changes? You are not alone and I can help. I have been working with individuals and families for over 25 years with positive results. I create a compassionate and emotionally safe environment where we will begin your journey. I will listen to your story and together we will work through the beliefs that create limitations. I will help you develop strategies and a daily practice to improve your life.
(828) 522-9662 View (828) 522-9662
Photo of Corey Hinson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Corey Hinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Welcome. I am a relationship therapist. I work with individuals, couples & families who're struggling with difficult emotions, unproductive communication, chronic conflict & unhealthy behaviors in their relationships. People who want to solve challenges but can't seem to do it alone. I provide therapeutic support to help you identify what isn't working, make changes & heal. If you're looking for a professional to help you have tough conversations, build a better understanding & move forward in your relationship then you're in the right place.
Welcome. I am a relationship therapist. I work with individuals, couples & families who're struggling with difficult emotions, unproductive communication, chronic conflict & unhealthy behaviors in their relationships. People who want to solve challenges but can't seem to do it alone. I provide therapeutic support to help you identify what isn't working, make changes & heal. If you're looking for a professional to help you have tough conversations, build a better understanding & move forward in your relationship then you're in the right place.
(828) 385-5531 View (828) 385-5531
Photo of Melissa Zazzeri, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Melissa Zazzeri
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Hi there, I’m Melissa. If life feels heavy right now, you’re in the right place. When you’re feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or just tired of carrying everything by yourself, it can be tough to know where to start. I work with adults navigating anxiety, depression, substance use, and other challenges who are looking for meaningful, sustainable change and a greater sense of balance in their lives.
Hi there, I’m Melissa. If life feels heavy right now, you’re in the right place. When you’re feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or just tired of carrying everything by yourself, it can be tough to know where to start. I work with adults navigating anxiety, depression, substance use, and other challenges who are looking for meaningful, sustainable change and a greater sense of balance in their lives.
(828) 554-7415 View (828) 554-7415

See more therapy options for Asheville

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Asheville, NC

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Asheville, NC who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
93% Social Anxiety
93% Health Anxiety
93% Driving Anxiety
83% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
77% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

92% Aetna
90% BlueCross and BlueShield
48% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Asheville, NC see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
22% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Asheville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.