Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

View neighborhoods in Minneapolis
Photo of Faryal Khan, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Faryal Khan
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55415  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
"I am not crazy," is the first thing many hear when thinking of mental health. Mental health is less about being crazy and more about over all well-being. Research shows that expressing ourselves can lead to positive change and better understanding of ourselves. During our journey together, I respect my clients by bringing in a culturally informed and non-judgmental lens, utilizing personal, religious/spiritual, and/or cultural strengths approach to healing. Together we will work on listening to our bodies and minds, integrating both in ways that bring positivity and restoration to ourselves and our relationships.
"I am not crazy," is the first thing many hear when thinking of mental health. Mental health is less about being crazy and more about over all well-being. Research shows that expressing ourselves can lead to positive change and better understanding of ourselves. During our journey together, I respect my clients by bringing in a culturally informed and non-judgmental lens, utilizing personal, religious/spiritual, and/or cultural strengths approach to healing. Together we will work on listening to our bodies and minds, integrating both in ways that bring positivity and restoration to ourselves and our relationships.
(763) 265-6102 View (763) 265-6102
Photo of Cindy Klein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Cindy Klein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55405
I have over 37 years experience providing therapeutic services to clients of all ages and with a variety of mental disorders. I am passionate about engaging with clients to help them find their highest potential of health and wholeness. I use a client-centered approach, letting the client determine their own path, identifying strengths and roadblocks, searching for more adaptive coping strategies. I am eager to be your personal coach. I will join you on your journey of examining where you are today and how to reach your aspirations. Together we can examine relationships, professional as well as spiritual goals.
I have over 37 years experience providing therapeutic services to clients of all ages and with a variety of mental disorders. I am passionate about engaging with clients to help them find their highest potential of health and wholeness. I use a client-centered approach, letting the client determine their own path, identifying strengths and roadblocks, searching for more adaptive coping strategies. I am eager to be your personal coach. I will join you on your journey of examining where you are today and how to reach your aspirations. Together we can examine relationships, professional as well as spiritual goals.
(612) 662-8966 View (612) 662-8966
Photo of Laura J. Niewald, Marriage & Family Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Laura J. Niewald
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55410
I believe in the power of synergy! Collaborating together on your concerns, increases the potential for change. You are the expert of you and I am a facilitator of change. Together, we will work on an approach for moving through areas in your life where you feel stuck. Anxiety, depression, low self esteem or relationship challenges need a pro-active perspective. Identifying, eradicating and replacing your sources of pain with mindfulness and intentional balance will bring more joy into your life.
I believe in the power of synergy! Collaborating together on your concerns, increases the potential for change. You are the expert of you and I am a facilitator of change. Together, we will work on an approach for moving through areas in your life where you feel stuck. Anxiety, depression, low self esteem or relationship challenges need a pro-active perspective. Identifying, eradicating and replacing your sources of pain with mindfulness and intentional balance will bring more joy into your life.
(612) 293-0150 View (612) 293-0150
Photo of Kristy Gloe-Thordin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Kristy Gloe-Thordin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55406
Not accepting new clients
I work with youth and young adults who are confronting many different types of problems in their lives. Many of my clients are trans or are questioning their gender, and are coming to me for gender affirming support, including gender exploration and access to medical care. I deeply appreciate the value of neurodiversity and many of my clients are Autistic or have ADHD. I also work with folks experiencing anxiety, depression, or trauma as significant issues in their lives. What all of my clients have in common is that they are figuring out how to live the life that they most want to live.
I work with youth and young adults who are confronting many different types of problems in their lives. Many of my clients are trans or are questioning their gender, and are coming to me for gender affirming support, including gender exploration and access to medical care. I deeply appreciate the value of neurodiversity and many of my clients are Autistic or have ADHD. I also work with folks experiencing anxiety, depression, or trauma as significant issues in their lives. What all of my clients have in common is that they are figuring out how to live the life that they most want to live.
(651) 372-1360 View (651) 372-1360
Photo of Azure Ingram-Boynton, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Minneapolis, MN
Azure Ingram-Boynton
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LAMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55430  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Psychotherapy has the ability to significantly improve your mental well-being and boost your overall social and psychological functionality. During therapy, we will explore life's challenges, thought patterns, and behaviors that are obstructing your well-being within a very safe, supportive, and non-judgemental environment. The search for the right therapist can take time and courage. It's important that you find the right match. Let's work together to overcome life's obstacles.
Psychotherapy has the ability to significantly improve your mental well-being and boost your overall social and psychological functionality. During therapy, we will explore life's challenges, thought patterns, and behaviors that are obstructing your well-being within a very safe, supportive, and non-judgemental environment. The search for the right therapist can take time and courage. It's important that you find the right match. Let's work together to overcome life's obstacles.
(612) 887-2498 View (612) 887-2498
Photo of Hannah Bunney, Licensed Professional Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Hannah Bunney
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55423  (Online Only)
Welcome to my highly specialized trauma and somatic processing practice! I specialize in Eating Disorders, Traumas, Domestic Violence, Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders and general mental health distress. You can expect most sessions to incorporate either Brainspotting or ART, with some skill building and traditional talk therapy mixed throughout, while primarily working through the AIR Network Model lens. My goal is for you to reach your mental health needs and goals in an efficient and timely manner to reach a point where you can graduate from mental health services and only need maintenance sessions as new stressors arise.
Welcome to my highly specialized trauma and somatic processing practice! I specialize in Eating Disorders, Traumas, Domestic Violence, Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders and general mental health distress. You can expect most sessions to incorporate either Brainspotting or ART, with some skill building and traditional talk therapy mixed throughout, while primarily working through the AIR Network Model lens. My goal is for you to reach your mental health needs and goals in an efficient and timely manner to reach a point where you can graduate from mental health services and only need maintenance sessions as new stressors arise.
(952) 522-3480 View (952) 522-3480
Photo of Eric Murtha, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Eric Murtha
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55408
I’m Eric Murtha, an integrative psychotherapist, licensed to practice in Minnesota. During my years in practice, I have developed an understanding and appreciation of the uniqueness of each individual and family that I have helped. I believe that we all develop patterns regarding how we think, deal with emotions, and relate to the people in our lives. Often these patterns have served us in the past. However, during times of stress, loss, or traumatic experience, these patterns may be unhelpful, and we can feel stuck. This is when therapy can make a big difference in feeling better and help us live more effectively.
I’m Eric Murtha, an integrative psychotherapist, licensed to practice in Minnesota. During my years in practice, I have developed an understanding and appreciation of the uniqueness of each individual and family that I have helped. I believe that we all develop patterns regarding how we think, deal with emotions, and relate to the people in our lives. Often these patterns have served us in the past. However, during times of stress, loss, or traumatic experience, these patterns may be unhelpful, and we can feel stuck. This is when therapy can make a big difference in feeling better and help us live more effectively.
(612) 400-8464 View (612) 400-8464
Photo of Jackie Morrison, Marriage & Family Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Jackie Morrison
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55418
I have experience working with individuals and couples identifying as LGBTQ+ as well as heterosexual, cisgender in the areas of ADHD, anxiety, identity, trauma, parenting, phase of life changes, ENM, communication, and conflict management; among others. As an ADHD brain myself, I have a special interest in working with individuals or couples to address the personal and/or relational challenges of ADHD; we will deconstruct shame and self-worth stemming from ADHD, address communication difficulties, and increase overall understanding of how ADHD impacts all aspects of our lives.
I have experience working with individuals and couples identifying as LGBTQ+ as well as heterosexual, cisgender in the areas of ADHD, anxiety, identity, trauma, parenting, phase of life changes, ENM, communication, and conflict management; among others. As an ADHD brain myself, I have a special interest in working with individuals or couples to address the personal and/or relational challenges of ADHD; we will deconstruct shame and self-worth stemming from ADHD, address communication difficulties, and increase overall understanding of how ADHD impacts all aspects of our lives.
View
Photo of Kaylee Burnham, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Kaylee Burnham
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LGSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55423
If you're reading this page, you are likely experiencing some emotional distress and/or dissatisfaction that you would like support to understand and resolve. Perhaps you can identify causes and perhaps it just feels confusing. Meeting with someone to gain understanding around where these experiences originate, as well as tools to address them, is a great (and brave) step. I would love to chat to see if we may be a good fit in that important work.
If you're reading this page, you are likely experiencing some emotional distress and/or dissatisfaction that you would like support to understand and resolve. Perhaps you can identify causes and perhaps it just feels confusing. Meeting with someone to gain understanding around where these experiences originate, as well as tools to address them, is a great (and brave) step. I would love to chat to see if we may be a good fit in that important work.
(612) 712-7937 View (612) 712-7937
Photo of Janet Uri-Jones, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
Janet Uri-Jones
Psychologist, MA LP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55410  (Online Only)
Many people are finding life more difficult these days. There is often so much to deal with in our personal lives, add the impact of world events and it can all just be too much. Having someone to listen and support you can make a big difference in coping with your struggles and not feeling alone. I’ve never met anyone that doesn’t like being listened to and understood. My focus in therapy is to help you get relief from your pain and explore ways to cope with life’s ongoing challenges.
Many people are finding life more difficult these days. There is often so much to deal with in our personal lives, add the impact of world events and it can all just be too much. Having someone to listen and support you can make a big difference in coping with your struggles and not feeling alone. I’ve never met anyone that doesn’t like being listened to and understood. My focus in therapy is to help you get relief from your pain and explore ways to cope with life’s ongoing challenges.
(952) 243-3143 View (952) 243-3143
Photo of Jewell Arcoren, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Jewell Arcoren
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55422
I am a passionate clinician with a deep commitment to intergenerational healing and language revitalization within First Nations communities. With a Master’s in Counseling and Psychology Services, I am able to support adults and emerging adults (18-21) to explore and heal from anxiety, depression, trauma, and establish and foster community connection and engagement. If you are seeking a safe and supportive space to embark on your healing journey, I invite you to join the circle. Together, we can explore the path towards resilience, empowerment, and cultural revitalization.
I am a passionate clinician with a deep commitment to intergenerational healing and language revitalization within First Nations communities. With a Master’s in Counseling and Psychology Services, I am able to support adults and emerging adults (18-21) to explore and heal from anxiety, depression, trauma, and establish and foster community connection and engagement. If you are seeking a safe and supportive space to embark on your healing journey, I invite you to join the circle. Together, we can explore the path towards resilience, empowerment, and cultural revitalization.
(763) 363-7525 View (763) 363-7525
Photo of Dr. Carrie Sword, Jungian Psychotherapist, Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Dr. Carrie Sword, Jungian Psychotherapist
Counselor, PhD, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55418
TELEPHONE SESSIONS AVAILABLE. I can help you gain strength and stability in the midst of societal disruption and uncertainty. By understanding the deeper underpinnings of your own dynamics and those around you, you can sort out complexities. When you gain insight about what drives your anxiety or moods, your sense of possibilities can change profoundly.
TELEPHONE SESSIONS AVAILABLE. I can help you gain strength and stability in the midst of societal disruption and uncertainty. By understanding the deeper underpinnings of your own dynamics and those around you, you can sort out complexities. When you gain insight about what drives your anxiety or moods, your sense of possibilities can change profoundly.
(612) 800-0203 View (612) 800-0203
Photo of Bethany Grace Kepler, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Bethany Grace Kepler
Pre-Licensed Professional, ATR, MA
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55406
Bethany is deeply committed to social equality and actively tries to establish an inclusive, safe environment for all people, regardless of gender, sexual orientation, political affiliation, race, ethnicity, religious or spiritual origin, or other factors. Bethany particularly enjoys supporting & working with LGBTQ and transgender people of all ages. Bethany provides therapy for humans experiencing relationship conflict, anxiety, depression, PTSD, grief, schizophrenia, personality disorders, mood disorders, attachment trauma, survivors of complex trauma, & adjustment disorders.
Bethany is deeply committed to social equality and actively tries to establish an inclusive, safe environment for all people, regardless of gender, sexual orientation, political affiliation, race, ethnicity, religious or spiritual origin, or other factors. Bethany particularly enjoys supporting & working with LGBTQ and transgender people of all ages. Bethany provides therapy for humans experiencing relationship conflict, anxiety, depression, PTSD, grief, schizophrenia, personality disorders, mood disorders, attachment trauma, survivors of complex trauma, & adjustment disorders.
(612) 662-2797 View (612) 662-2797
Photo of Renata Tinoco Stephens, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Renata Tinoco Stephens
Pre-Licensed Professional
Not Verified Not Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55409
I believe that each individual frames their life from their experiences. Such experiences can cause distress, sometimes making life unbearable. I invite clients in the direction of the unconscious mental process to create healing and promote change. With wholeheartedness and non-judgemental support, I offer a deep journey in search of keys to unveil the answers that lie within. I help clients to find insight, and cope with the underlying causes of emotional and psychological symptoms. I suppose that it is through telling one's unique story, that one can re-write it.
I believe that each individual frames their life from their experiences. Such experiences can cause distress, sometimes making life unbearable. I invite clients in the direction of the unconscious mental process to create healing and promote change. With wholeheartedness and non-judgemental support, I offer a deep journey in search of keys to unveil the answers that lie within. I help clients to find insight, and cope with the underlying causes of emotional and psychological symptoms. I suppose that it is through telling one's unique story, that one can re-write it.
(612) 260-9256 View (612) 260-9256
Photo of Mino Bimaadiziwin ("Good Life" in Ojibwe) Clinic, Marriage & Family Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Mino Bimaadiziwin ("Good Life" in Ojibwe) Clinic
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55404
Mino Bimaadiziwin Wellness Clinic is owned and operated by Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians. We provide therapy services to Native American adults and children, and families with Medicaid. Clients do not have to be enrolled in Red Lake Band or another tribe, however 98% of our providers are Native American and are trained to provide culturally responsive care to the Native American community.
Mino Bimaadiziwin Wellness Clinic is owned and operated by Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians. We provide therapy services to Native American adults and children, and families with Medicaid. Clients do not have to be enrolled in Red Lake Band or another tribe, however 98% of our providers are Native American and are trained to provide culturally responsive care to the Native American community.
(612) 482-1251 View (612) 482-1251
Photo of Sheena Sikorski, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
Sheena Sikorski
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55401  (Online Only)
Do you consider yourself an anxious person? Do you have a loud inner critic that runs your life? Does it prevent you from trusting yourself to make decisions? If you're nodding your head yes to these questions, you may find that you cope by seeking validation from others, people-pleasing, and striving for perfection. You've likely noticed these coping strategies only provide a temporary fix to your suffering. They leave you feeling discouraged and worried your life will look like this forever. You're so fed up with living in this cycle of self-criticism that makes you feel ashamed of the person you are.
Do you consider yourself an anxious person? Do you have a loud inner critic that runs your life? Does it prevent you from trusting yourself to make decisions? If you're nodding your head yes to these questions, you may find that you cope by seeking validation from others, people-pleasing, and striving for perfection. You've likely noticed these coping strategies only provide a temporary fix to your suffering. They leave you feeling discouraged and worried your life will look like this forever. You're so fed up with living in this cycle of self-criticism that makes you feel ashamed of the person you are.
(651) 383-9016 View (651) 383-9016
Photo of Comfort Belbas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Comfort Belbas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, SHE/HER
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55424  (Online Only)
Even in strong relationships, communication is complicated - "How did we get here - again?" Often, having an educated observer - a calm presence in the room - creates a safe space for sorting out issues and listening. During therapy, we may discover your relationship's unique boundaries, expectations, and communication styles. I draw from a broad social perspective and an understanding grounded in attachment and relational psychodynamic theories. If you are looking for couples therapy or individual therapy you will hopefully find our work together life changing. www.comfortbelbastherapy.com
Even in strong relationships, communication is complicated - "How did we get here - again?" Often, having an educated observer - a calm presence in the room - creates a safe space for sorting out issues and listening. During therapy, we may discover your relationship's unique boundaries, expectations, and communication styles. I draw from a broad social perspective and an understanding grounded in attachment and relational psychodynamic theories. If you are looking for couples therapy or individual therapy you will hopefully find our work together life changing. www.comfortbelbastherapy.com
(612) 260-4654 View (612) 260-4654
Photo of Francesca M Bernardi, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Francesca M Bernardi
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55403
Not accepting new clients
I am a pre-licensed professional and completed my Masters of Art's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Naropa University. I have a foundation in mindfulness and meditation techniques, and I employ elements of art therapy and Gestalt therapy while utilizing a Transpersonal lens. In my therapy practice, I seek to encourage each individual on their unique journey towards wellness. I am also a passionate member and advocate for the LGBTQ+ community.
I am a pre-licensed professional and completed my Masters of Art's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Naropa University. I have a foundation in mindfulness and meditation techniques, and I employ elements of art therapy and Gestalt therapy while utilizing a Transpersonal lens. In my therapy practice, I seek to encourage each individual on their unique journey towards wellness. I am also a passionate member and advocate for the LGBTQ+ community.
(612) 662-5511 x753 View (612) 662-5511 x753
Photo of Grace Heneghan, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Grace Heneghan
Pre-Licensed Professional, LGSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55408  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
​I enjoy working with folks exploring gender, sexuality, relationships, and the intersections of fatness, disability, and queerness. Additional areas of interest and experience include, sex therapy, neurodiversity, grief and loss, body image, self-worth, anxiety, depression, and COVID-19-related processing and support.
​I enjoy working with folks exploring gender, sexuality, relationships, and the intersections of fatness, disability, and queerness. Additional areas of interest and experience include, sex therapy, neurodiversity, grief and loss, body image, self-worth, anxiety, depression, and COVID-19-related processing and support.
(612) 453-4683 View (612) 453-4683
Photo of Kaila Park, Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Kaila Park
Counselor, MA, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55416
Waitlist for new clients
Life can seem overwhelming at times which may lead to feelings of loneliness, pain, and fear. I work with clients and help them to be mindful in the present moment, utilize healthy coping skills during times of distress, regulate emotions, and teach individuals how to build and maintain healthy relationships with themselves and others.
Life can seem overwhelming at times which may lead to feelings of loneliness, pain, and fear. I work with clients and help them to be mindful in the present moment, utilize healthy coping skills during times of distress, regulate emotions, and teach individuals how to build and maintain healthy relationships with themselves and others.
(651) 376-3687 View (651) 376-3687

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

1,000+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Minneapolis, MN who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
64% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% BlueCross and BlueShield
71% UCare
67% Aetna

How Therapists in Minneapolis, MN see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
21% Male
3% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Minneapolis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.