Therapists in San Francisco, CA

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Photo of Shawn Michael Nichols in San Francisco, CA
Shawn Michael Nichols
PhD, MA, CC
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
Executive Coaching. Frustrated with managing your coworkers, staff, or children? I'm an Organizational Psychologist, helping people develop better Behaviors and Systems. Success is in the way you speak, strategize, and hold others to healthier actions every day. Be the best leader or parent - they have a great deal in common. What you should find through our work is: relationships become more positive, you are understood, and you can lead others to develop their own improved social skills and interactions. You will understand emotional responses and they will learn daily methods to reject fear and ambivalence.
Executive Coaching. Frustrated with managing your coworkers, staff, or children? I'm an Organizational Psychologist, helping people develop better Behaviors and Systems. Success is in the way you speak, strategize, and hold others to healthier actions every day. Be the best leader or parent - they have a great deal in common. What you should find through our work is: relationships become more positive, you are understood, and you can lead others to develop their own improved social skills and interactions. You will understand emotional responses and they will learn daily methods to reject fear and ambivalence.
(707) 205-4638 View (707) 205-4638
Photo of Ken Stamper, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Ken Stamper
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115
My therapeutic style is approachable, warm, curious, and, when necessary, challenging. I draw from my training in the lineage of Gestalt Therapy, working in the 'here and now' to find out how we can create growth and change. I also use tools from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy when appropriate to help develop awareness for effective change. We will work collaboratively to see how you can learn respond to your environment with greater freedom and choice, where you can see possibilities and turn them into actualities. I'm here to support you in becoming your best self.
My therapeutic style is approachable, warm, curious, and, when necessary, challenging. I draw from my training in the lineage of Gestalt Therapy, working in the 'here and now' to find out how we can create growth and change. I also use tools from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy when appropriate to help develop awareness for effective change. We will work collaboratively to see how you can learn respond to your environment with greater freedom and choice, where you can see possibilities and turn them into actualities. I'm here to support you in becoming your best self.
(628) 214-5147 View (628) 214-5147
Photo of Radical Roots Psychotherapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Radical Roots Psychotherapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115
Ruby (she/her/hers) is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW 101630) who brings a decade of experience supporting youth, young adults, caregivers, families, and individuals navigate loss and attachment ruptures, anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, family conflict, life stressors, and the life cycle. Ruby approaches her sessions with warmth, humility, and a strengths-based lens, valuing collaboration, authenticity, and creativity.
Ruby (she/her/hers) is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW 101630) who brings a decade of experience supporting youth, young adults, caregivers, families, and individuals navigate loss and attachment ruptures, anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, family conflict, life stressors, and the life cycle. Ruby approaches her sessions with warmth, humility, and a strengths-based lens, valuing collaboration, authenticity, and creativity.
(510) 491-0155 View (510) 491-0155
Photo of Leah A. Cochrane, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Leah A. Cochrane
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MS, LMFT
Not Verified Not Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94121  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I work with those currently in a relationship--and those who would like to be in one--but who've found that road is a bit rocky. If you're a couple stuck in painful patterns, if your communication isn't working--or if you're single and attracted to the wrong kind of partner, or find that you tend to "settle" when you're lonely or discouraged--I can offer you a personalized, effective, satisfying approach to resolve your challenges, a way to stay true to yourself and yet be vibrantly open to the loving intimacy you seek.
I work with those currently in a relationship--and those who would like to be in one--but who've found that road is a bit rocky. If you're a couple stuck in painful patterns, if your communication isn't working--or if you're single and attracted to the wrong kind of partner, or find that you tend to "settle" when you're lonely or discouraged--I can offer you a personalized, effective, satisfying approach to resolve your challenges, a way to stay true to yourself and yet be vibrantly open to the loving intimacy you seek.
(415) 802-0757 View (415) 802-0757
Photo of Jamine Ergas, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Jamine Ergas
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114
If you are having difficulty in your relationships, suffering from anxiety, have experienced a trauma, or would like to explore issues related to sexuality, please give me a call. I offer a warm, interactive, and non-judgmental approach that clients find refreshing.
If you are having difficulty in your relationships, suffering from anxiety, have experienced a trauma, or would like to explore issues related to sexuality, please give me a call. I offer a warm, interactive, and non-judgmental approach that clients find refreshing.
(415) 801-0299 View (415) 801-0299
Photo of Sudi Scull, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Sudi Scull
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, CN
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94110
We all at some point in our life face crises or transitions that can become an opportunity for growth. Do you want to know more about yourself? Do you finally want to make a change? I help clients break through patterns of anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, body image issues, and more. I offer a rich menu of therapeutic techniques that make a tangible difference. Instead of experiencing an exaggerated reactivity to life's inevitable difficulties, a balanced sense of calm and peace will prevail. With couples, I teach nuanced communication skills towards the goal of a deep, fun-loving, and interdependent relationship.
We all at some point in our life face crises or transitions that can become an opportunity for growth. Do you want to know more about yourself? Do you finally want to make a change? I help clients break through patterns of anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, body image issues, and more. I offer a rich menu of therapeutic techniques that make a tangible difference. Instead of experiencing an exaggerated reactivity to life's inevitable difficulties, a balanced sense of calm and peace will prevail. With couples, I teach nuanced communication skills towards the goal of a deep, fun-loving, and interdependent relationship.
(415) 358-1842 View (415) 358-1842
Photo of Peggy Kim, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Peggy Kim
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115
Often in life there are unexpected events or life transitions that challenge our abilities to cope or understand our sense of self or purpose. When what has been helpful to navigate life is no longer working, symptoms may show up in the form of sadness, depression, anxiety, stress, physical ailments, feelings of isolation, or an overwhelm of emotions that may be difficult to manage alone. I view therapy as a unique opportunity for honest observation and exploration in service of creating a deeper connection with your inherent nature as a way to discover how you can find support from yourself, as well as, feel supported by others.
Often in life there are unexpected events or life transitions that challenge our abilities to cope or understand our sense of self or purpose. When what has been helpful to navigate life is no longer working, symptoms may show up in the form of sadness, depression, anxiety, stress, physical ailments, feelings of isolation, or an overwhelm of emotions that may be difficult to manage alone. I view therapy as a unique opportunity for honest observation and exploration in service of creating a deeper connection with your inherent nature as a way to discover how you can find support from yourself, as well as, feel supported by others.
(415) 909-5721 View (415) 909-5721
Photo of Vonceil Yara, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Vonceil Yara
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102
Waitlist for new clients
As we embark on this therapeutic journey together, please know that this is a safe space, a place of acceptance, where we can openly explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences. We will collaboratively address the challenges you're facing. Recognizing and embracing the role of our cultural backgrounds and life experiences in shaping us, I always strive to bring a culturally sensitive and inclusive lens to our interactions. I believe that our diverse backgrounds aren't just an important part of our identities, but also contribute to our resilience and capacity for growth and change.
As we embark on this therapeutic journey together, please know that this is a safe space, a place of acceptance, where we can openly explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences. We will collaboratively address the challenges you're facing. Recognizing and embracing the role of our cultural backgrounds and life experiences in shaping us, I always strive to bring a culturally sensitive and inclusive lens to our interactions. I believe that our diverse backgrounds aren't just an important part of our identities, but also contribute to our resilience and capacity for growth and change.
(415) 915-5860 View (415) 915-5860
Photo of Leah R Finn, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Leah R Finn
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94109  (Online Only)
As your therapist, I create an environment for you to feel safe to explore fears, challenges and your deepest desires. I'm here to empower you! I'll offer a variety of techniques and collaborate with you in developing goals to co-create a therapeutic experience, facilitating healing and personal growth. I use an anti-oppression, disability justice framework and consider how ethnicity, class, gender, age, ability and sexuality intersect. My background as a community organizer for social justice informs my practice. I will tailor our work together to address your unique and specific needs and preferences.
As your therapist, I create an environment for you to feel safe to explore fears, challenges and your deepest desires. I'm here to empower you! I'll offer a variety of techniques and collaborate with you in developing goals to co-create a therapeutic experience, facilitating healing and personal growth. I use an anti-oppression, disability justice framework and consider how ethnicity, class, gender, age, ability and sexuality intersect. My background as a community organizer for social justice informs my practice. I will tailor our work together to address your unique and specific needs and preferences.
(510) 560-7164 View (510) 560-7164
Photo of Jane Yi, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Jane Yi
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115  (Online Only)
I'm a licensed clinical psychologist with a private practice in San Francisco. I work with couples and individuals. I have been seeing clients for over a decade and deeply enjoy working with each of my unique patients. I provide a safe and nurturing environment to foster greater insight, understanding and resilience in order to enhance ones life both professionally and personally.
I'm a licensed clinical psychologist with a private practice in San Francisco. I work with couples and individuals. I have been seeing clients for over a decade and deeply enjoy working with each of my unique patients. I provide a safe and nurturing environment to foster greater insight, understanding and resilience in order to enhance ones life both professionally and personally.
(415) 630-2207 View (415) 630-2207
Photo of Emilie C. Scovill, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Emilie C. Scovill
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102
In the fast-paced, hyper-competitive Bay Area, it can be challenging to balance all of the roles that we assume. Work, school, money, technology, and relationship stressors can leave us feeling depleted. Anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and career dissatisfaction are some of the ways stressors may manifest. My aim is to support and help to empower you to improve your life by engaging in the life that you want to lead. This may result in increased effectiveness, happiness, and reduced suffering in all of your roles.
In the fast-paced, hyper-competitive Bay Area, it can be challenging to balance all of the roles that we assume. Work, school, money, technology, and relationship stressors can leave us feeling depleted. Anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and career dissatisfaction are some of the ways stressors may manifest. My aim is to support and help to empower you to improve your life by engaging in the life that you want to lead. This may result in increased effectiveness, happiness, and reduced suffering in all of your roles.
(415) 942-8475 View (415) 942-8475
Photo of Emily Eliash, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Emily Eliash
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
I aim to provide a therapeutic environment that is non-judgemental and collaborative. My clinical style is to lead with warmth, humor, and curiosity. I value direct and open communication so that clients can have space to be themselves and keep it real. I draw from multiple evidence-based treatments to increase effective coping responses to life challenges. In my work as a therapist, I've supported people from diverse sociocultural backgrounds, with a wide range of mental health challenges and lived experiences.
I aim to provide a therapeutic environment that is non-judgemental and collaborative. My clinical style is to lead with warmth, humor, and curiosity. I value direct and open communication so that clients can have space to be themselves and keep it real. I draw from multiple evidence-based treatments to increase effective coping responses to life challenges. In my work as a therapist, I've supported people from diverse sociocultural backgrounds, with a wide range of mental health challenges and lived experiences.
(510) 617-1868 View (510) 617-1868
Photo of Leanne Spagnola, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Leanne Spagnola
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102
The therapeutic relationship is the biggest indicator of successful outcomes in therapy. I'm glad you are here in search of the right therapist for you. I work from a trauma-informed psychodynamic perspective. I focus on the nature and quality of the relationships in your life, past and present, to identify strengths, pain points, patterns, and connections. When appropriate, I utilize principles of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Narrative Therapy, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) to assist you in moving toward your goals.
The therapeutic relationship is the biggest indicator of successful outcomes in therapy. I'm glad you are here in search of the right therapist for you. I work from a trauma-informed psychodynamic perspective. I focus on the nature and quality of the relationships in your life, past and present, to identify strengths, pain points, patterns, and connections. When appropriate, I utilize principles of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Narrative Therapy, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) to assist you in moving toward your goals.
(628) 336-4062 View (628) 336-4062
Photo of Intrepid Therapy Collective, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Intrepid Therapy Collective
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94111
We are an innovative community of unconventional, yet comprehensively trained, psychotherapists providing practical, non-reductive, and in-depth support to help you overcome adversities, resolve outdated patterns, craft more fulfilling relationships, achieve your mental health goals—and address the traumas, stressors, burdens, and conflicts that hold you back from enjoying what your life and relationships have to offer. In general, we foster a holistic and integrative approach to mental health care that focuses on what works and is not limited to what has traditionally been practiced.
We are an innovative community of unconventional, yet comprehensively trained, psychotherapists providing practical, non-reductive, and in-depth support to help you overcome adversities, resolve outdated patterns, craft more fulfilling relationships, achieve your mental health goals—and address the traumas, stressors, burdens, and conflicts that hold you back from enjoying what your life and relationships have to offer. In general, we foster a holistic and integrative approach to mental health care that focuses on what works and is not limited to what has traditionally been practiced.
(628) 265-3125 View (628) 265-3125
Photo of Dr. Catherine Ciano, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Dr. Catherine Ciano
Psychologist, PhD, MBA
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I help motivated people develop the skills and ability to create the change they want in their lives. As a Primary Care Psychologist at UC Berkeley and One Medical, I have helped many people with stress, anxiety, depression, perfectionism, panic, sleep issues, burnout, and relationship challenges. My style is highly collaborative, with the goal of increasing your sense of confidence and feeling of control over your life.
I help motivated people develop the skills and ability to create the change they want in their lives. As a Primary Care Psychologist at UC Berkeley and One Medical, I have helped many people with stress, anxiety, depression, perfectionism, panic, sleep issues, burnout, and relationship challenges. My style is highly collaborative, with the goal of increasing your sense of confidence and feeling of control over your life.
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Photo of Dan Gaylinn, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Dan Gaylinn
Psychologist, PhD, MA, CHT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94109
I welcome you to the crossroads. This is a place where you can learn to live your life to its full potential. Although I have a diverse practice, I specialize in working with roughly 25-to-35 year-old individuals and couples, helping them find ways to foster safety, strength and inner peace when facing depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and relationship challenges. Whether you are looking for relief from painful confusion, sadness, or worry, or are just looking for more meaningful life experiences and relationships, I welcome you on this journey towards personal growth.
I welcome you to the crossroads. This is a place where you can learn to live your life to its full potential. Although I have a diverse practice, I specialize in working with roughly 25-to-35 year-old individuals and couples, helping them find ways to foster safety, strength and inner peace when facing depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and relationship challenges. Whether you are looking for relief from painful confusion, sadness, or worry, or are just looking for more meaningful life experiences and relationships, I welcome you on this journey towards personal growth.
(415) 390-2875 View (415) 390-2875
Photo of Stanley Fuller, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Stanley Fuller
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, MA
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114
You are unique. My approach is from a holistic lens through relational humanistic psychodynamics. I hope that we build a foundational relationship that is based on trust and acceptance. I will walk with you through your journey of healing and self-discovery. I utilize my self-reflective journey through humanistic transpersonal psychodynamics, meeting you where you are in the here and now, offering acceptance and understanding.
You are unique. My approach is from a holistic lens through relational humanistic psychodynamics. I hope that we build a foundational relationship that is based on trust and acceptance. I will walk with you through your journey of healing and self-discovery. I utilize my self-reflective journey through humanistic transpersonal psychodynamics, meeting you where you are in the here and now, offering acceptance and understanding.
(415) 993-5146 View (415) 993-5146
Photo of Bria Milicevic, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Bria Milicevic
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94123
Are you looking to make a shift in your life, free yourself from an addiction, decrease anxiety, or improve your relationship with others and live a life that is most meaningful for you? I believe therapy is a way for individuals to connect and access their own wisdom to make the necessary changes for a life that is most aspiring and fulfilling to them. I invite people to explore areas that may be affecting them and make a transition from where they are to where they would like to be. I use a treatment approach that is warm, relational, accepting and authentic, and am action-oriented and solution-focused.
Are you looking to make a shift in your life, free yourself from an addiction, decrease anxiety, or improve your relationship with others and live a life that is most meaningful for you? I believe therapy is a way for individuals to connect and access their own wisdom to make the necessary changes for a life that is most aspiring and fulfilling to them. I invite people to explore areas that may be affecting them and make a transition from where they are to where they would like to be. I use a treatment approach that is warm, relational, accepting and authentic, and am action-oriented and solution-focused.
(415) 429-7010 View (415) 429-7010
Photo of Hollie Hannan, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Hollie Hannan
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94118
If change were as simple as Cher telling Nicholas Cage in Moonstruck to "Snap out of it!" there would be no need for therapists. While experiencing pain is difficult, it is often a catalyst for growth. As a licensed Therapist for 18 years, I specialize in helping people heal their emotional injuries and move through the "stuck" places that prevent them from living fuller and more meaningful lives. Resilience increases by working through challenges.
If change were as simple as Cher telling Nicholas Cage in Moonstruck to "Snap out of it!" there would be no need for therapists. While experiencing pain is difficult, it is often a catalyst for growth. As a licensed Therapist for 18 years, I specialize in helping people heal their emotional injuries and move through the "stuck" places that prevent them from living fuller and more meaningful lives. Resilience increases by working through challenges.
(415) 800-4665 View (415) 800-4665
Photo of Carol Winetsky, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Carol Winetsky
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94118
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over thirty years of experience. I have helped people navigate a variety of different life transitions such as divorce and separation, job loss, leaving home, starting a family or new career or both, as well as end-of-life issues. I have helped children deal with school and peer issues as well as parental loss and separation. My therapy style is interactive and psychodynamic and may entail short or long-term therapy, individual psychotherapy or couples work.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over thirty years of experience. I have helped people navigate a variety of different life transitions such as divorce and separation, job loss, leaving home, starting a family or new career or both, as well as end-of-life issues. I have helped children deal with school and peer issues as well as parental loss and separation. My therapy style is interactive and psychodynamic and may entail short or long-term therapy, individual psychotherapy or couples work.
(415) 236-2948 View (415) 236-2948

See more therapy options for San Francisco

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Francisco, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$189

Therapists in San Francisco, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
55% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
54% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in San Francisco, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
23% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Francisco?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.