Multicultural Therapists in Stanardsville, VA

Photo of Haymarket Counseling , Licensed Professional Counselor in Stanardsville, VA
Haymarket Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, NCC, LPC, LSATP
Verified Verified
Stanardsville, VA 22973
Wister has extensive experience working with at risk youth, crisis, mental health and addiction counseling working as a TDT (Therapeutic Day Treatment) Clinician, Program Manager, and Clinician within the county’s mental health and substance abuse treatment system. Wister enjoys utilizing his training in CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), MI (Motivational Interviewing) via Eclectic Counselling techniques to produce a structure towards daily wellness.
Wister has extensive experience working with at risk youth, crisis, mental health and addiction counseling working as a TDT (Therapeutic Day Treatment) Clinician, Program Manager, and Clinician within the county’s mental health and substance abuse treatment system. Wister enjoys utilizing his training in CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), MI (Motivational Interviewing) via Eclectic Counselling techniques to produce a structure towards daily wellness.
(434) 443-6531 View (434) 443-6531
Photo of Jordan Wilson, Pre-Licensed Professional in Stanardsville, VA
Jordan Wilson
Pre-Licensed Professional, M Ed, LPC-R
Verified Verified
Stanardsville, VA 22973
Waitlist for new clients
I enjoy working with children, adolescents, young adults & families of many backgrounds. I work with those wanting to learn more about themselves, gain insight into their thinking patterns and behavior, and to build their own confidence. I work with folks to help them get in touch with their story- to help empower the ability to tell it, to share it, or to change it. If you have found yourself or your child lost, distracted, anxious, devastated, or angry, together we can connect to a sense of meaning and create a tailored therapeutic experience. Our work together is collaborative, empathetic, and integrative of best-fit approaches.
I enjoy working with children, adolescents, young adults & families of many backgrounds. I work with those wanting to learn more about themselves, gain insight into their thinking patterns and behavior, and to build their own confidence. I work with folks to help them get in touch with their story- to help empower the ability to tell it, to share it, or to change it. If you have found yourself or your child lost, distracted, anxious, devastated, or angry, together we can connect to a sense of meaning and create a tailored therapeutic experience. Our work together is collaborative, empathetic, and integrative of best-fit approaches.
(434) 722-3712 View (434) 722-3712

Online Therapists

Photo of Sara Fodil-Cherif, Resident in Counseling in Stanardsville, VA
Sara Fodil-Cherif
Resident in Counseling, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fairfax, VA 22030
I am a trauma-informed resident therapist in Northern Virginia and I specialize in trauma, PTSD, abuse and mood disorders. I work with adults, youth and families both virtually and in-person. I also work extensively with the immigrant population providing support in areas like acculturation and resettlement, relationship issues, multicultural issues, intergenerational trauma, and social advocacy.
I am a trauma-informed resident therapist in Northern Virginia and I specialize in trauma, PTSD, abuse and mood disorders. I work with adults, youth and families both virtually and in-person. I also work extensively with the immigrant population providing support in areas like acculturation and resettlement, relationship issues, multicultural issues, intergenerational trauma, and social advocacy.
(571) 200-8753 View (571) 200-8753
Photo of Dan McDonald, Resident in Counseling in Stanardsville, VA
Dan McDonald
Resident in Counseling, MS
Verified Verified
Falls Church, VA 22046
Additionally, I have worked with many clients and couples from multicultural backgrounds who are first or second generation immigrants to the U.
I specialize in working with individuals who feel stuck, anxious, or depressed, and couples who are looking to improve their relationship. I help my individual clients overcome depression and anxiety, increase self-confidence, establish healthy relationships, increase career satisfaction, and heal from trauma. I help couples improve communication, increase understanding, and rebuild trust. I use a nonjudgmental, empathic approach, working calmly and collaboratively. I incorporate techniques from a variety of counseling models such as cognitive-behavioral, existential, family systems, and attachment theories.
Additionally, I have worked with many clients and couples from multicultural backgrounds who are first or second generation immigrants to the U.
I specialize in working with individuals who feel stuck, anxious, or depressed, and couples who are looking to improve their relationship. I help my individual clients overcome depression and anxiety, increase self-confidence, establish healthy relationships, increase career satisfaction, and heal from trauma. I help couples improve communication, increase understanding, and rebuild trust. I use a nonjudgmental, empathic approach, working calmly and collaboratively. I incorporate techniques from a variety of counseling models such as cognitive-behavioral, existential, family systems, and attachment theories.
(571) 777-0065 View (571) 777-0065
Photo of Eloise Martinek, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Stanardsville, VA
Eloise Martinek
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
North Chesterfield, VA 23235
I uses my multicultural experiences and background of working with survivors of intimate partner violence and in inpatient mental health to create a holistic & safe therapeutic environment.
Are you hoping to find a sense of empowerment and happiness? I would love to be a part of your journey and enjoy empowering people in helping them processing their trauma. My approach is to create a safe, productive space where clients are able to feel empowered. I also ensures that there is no judgement and there is support and accountability. People deserve to feel in control of their emotions rather their emotions controlling them. I aim to assist clients in finding that balance to help them feel more at peace within their life.
I uses my multicultural experiences and background of working with survivors of intimate partner violence and in inpatient mental health to create a holistic & safe therapeutic environment.
Are you hoping to find a sense of empowerment and happiness? I would love to be a part of your journey and enjoy empowering people in helping them processing their trauma. My approach is to create a safe, productive space where clients are able to feel empowered. I also ensures that there is no judgement and there is support and accountability. People deserve to feel in control of their emotions rather their emotions controlling them. I aim to assist clients in finding that balance to help them feel more at peace within their life.
(804) 575-7096 View (804) 575-7096
Photo of Alex Hilert, Licensed Professional Counselor in Stanardsville, VA
Alex Hilert
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, LSATP, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richmond, VA 23230  (Online Only)
If you are struggling with anxiety, depression, substance use, or the lingering effects of trauma, you are not alone. We all face stress and uncertainty and sometimes our usual coping mechanisms just aren't enough. In counseling, you will have the space to freely process your thoughts and feelings while working on new skills that can help you improve your mental health and relationships. As a therapist, I take a collaborative and person-centered approach designed to empower you to reach your goals. I also work from a multicultural, anti-racist, neurodiverse and LGBTQIA+ affirmative framework with my clients.
If you are struggling with anxiety, depression, substance use, or the lingering effects of trauma, you are not alone. We all face stress and uncertainty and sometimes our usual coping mechanisms just aren't enough. In counseling, you will have the space to freely process your thoughts and feelings while working on new skills that can help you improve your mental health and relationships. As a therapist, I take a collaborative and person-centered approach designed to empower you to reach your goals. I also work from a multicultural, anti-racist, neurodiverse and LGBTQIA+ affirmative framework with my clients.
(804) 298-2906 View (804) 298-2906
Photo of Kali Quigley, Resident in Counseling in Stanardsville, VA
Kali Quigley
Resident in Counseling, MA
Verified Verified
Manassas, VA 20110
I have a masters in clinical mental health counseling from Northwestern University and have an integrative theoretical orientation, pulling from Psychodynamic, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Internal Family Systems, Motivational Interviewing and Multicultural Counseling.
Loneliness, lack of connection, low self-confidence and difficulty regulating emotions are challenges many of us face. I provide a safe, comfortable environment for you to process your experience and gain the confidence and empowerment needed to combat life's challenges.
I have a masters in clinical mental health counseling from Northwestern University and have an integrative theoretical orientation, pulling from Psychodynamic, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Internal Family Systems, Motivational Interviewing and Multicultural Counseling.
Loneliness, lack of connection, low self-confidence and difficulty regulating emotions are challenges many of us face. I provide a safe, comfortable environment for you to process your experience and gain the confidence and empowerment needed to combat life's challenges.
(571) 496-9488 x710 View (571) 496-9488 x710
Photo of Marcia Bretas, Licensed Professional Counselor in Stanardsville, VA
Marcia Bretas
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LSATP, EMDR, CSAC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24502  (Online Only)
I have a multicultural background and I am trilingual, providing services in English, Portuguese, and Italian to clients with a wide variety of chemical and mental health diagnoses.
I am passionate about helping others succeed in improving their mental health so they may live healthy life. I believe each stage of life brings an opportunity to grow and challenges to be faced. Due to people’s backgrounds and mental health issues, they may lack the skills or emotional stability to navigate circumstances on their own. My goal is to provide an empathetic, non-judgmental, warm, and attentive environment that produces personal growth and wholeness. A place where the individual may feel comfortable sharing pains and struggles in life as well as developing self-compassion and resilience.
I have a multicultural background and I am trilingual, providing services in English, Portuguese, and Italian to clients with a wide variety of chemical and mental health diagnoses.
I am passionate about helping others succeed in improving their mental health so they may live healthy life. I believe each stage of life brings an opportunity to grow and challenges to be faced. Due to people’s backgrounds and mental health issues, they may lack the skills or emotional stability to navigate circumstances on their own. My goal is to provide an empathetic, non-judgmental, warm, and attentive environment that produces personal growth and wholeness. A place where the individual may feel comfortable sharing pains and struggles in life as well as developing self-compassion and resilience.
(757) 210-6626 View (757) 210-6626
Photo of Grace Johnson, Resident in Counseling in Stanardsville, VA
Grace Johnson
Resident in Counseling, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ashland, VA 23005
I work from a multicultural and gender-affirming lens.
Having been on the other side of the chair, I want to you know that the healing process is in your capable hands. This is a challenge but you have everything you need to thrive already with you. Let me be there to reflect, hold space, encourage, and guide you to higher levels of awareness. Together we can create a treatment plan to support the navigation of your emotions, symptoms, communications, and the systems you are a part of. I am formerly a PreK-5 educator and I bring direct, creative, effervescent, nurturing, and bright energy to sessions.
I work from a multicultural and gender-affirming lens.
Having been on the other side of the chair, I want to you know that the healing process is in your capable hands. This is a challenge but you have everything you need to thrive already with you. Let me be there to reflect, hold space, encourage, and guide you to higher levels of awareness. Together we can create a treatment plan to support the navigation of your emotions, symptoms, communications, and the systems you are a part of. I am formerly a PreK-5 educator and I bring direct, creative, effervescent, nurturing, and bright energy to sessions.
(804) 676-6473 View (804) 676-6473
Photo of Joann Burton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Stanardsville, VA
Joann Burton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Alexandria, VA 22314
Have you been struggling with anxiety, depression or poor self-esteem? Do you need help navigating life transitions, relationship conflict, or multicultural issues? In my counseling sessions, I utilize a variety of therapeutic modalities to help my clients overcome personal or professional set backs. I approach therapy as a collaborative and creative process. I offer a safe, non-judgmental space to help clients gain insights, and understanding of their life experiences. Therapy is a process, let's work together to build the life you deserve.
Have you been struggling with anxiety, depression or poor self-esteem? Do you need help navigating life transitions, relationship conflict, or multicultural issues? In my counseling sessions, I utilize a variety of therapeutic modalities to help my clients overcome personal or professional set backs. I approach therapy as a collaborative and creative process. I offer a safe, non-judgmental space to help clients gain insights, and understanding of their life experiences. Therapy is a process, let's work together to build the life you deserve.
(571) 496-9069 View (571) 496-9069
Photo of Melinda Timmons, Marriage & Family Therapist in Stanardsville, VA
Melinda Timmons
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
McLean, VA 22101  (Online Only)
I specialize in adult, adolescent, and family mental health and weave a multicultural counseling perspective into my work.
Experienced Telehealth for Northern Virginia/DC. Extensive experience working with issues that families and individuals who are employed with the State Department, Foreign Service, as well as Active duty. Confidential, compassionate and skilled guidance for those struggling to cope with the many psychological stresses of life including: anxiety, depression, addiction, career changes, and difficult family relationships, separation and divorce. Find ease and connection with family psychotherapy—to include adult siblings and parents. My approach is creative and solution-focused based on the needs and goals of each individual or family.
I specialize in adult, adolescent, and family mental health and weave a multicultural counseling perspective into my work.
Experienced Telehealth for Northern Virginia/DC. Extensive experience working with issues that families and individuals who are employed with the State Department, Foreign Service, as well as Active duty. Confidential, compassionate and skilled guidance for those struggling to cope with the many psychological stresses of life including: anxiety, depression, addiction, career changes, and difficult family relationships, separation and divorce. Find ease and connection with family psychotherapy—to include adult siblings and parents. My approach is creative and solution-focused based on the needs and goals of each individual or family.
(703) 420-7551 View (703) 420-7551
Photo of Sierra Thorpe, Pre-Licensed Professional in Stanardsville, VA
Sierra Thorpe
Pre-Licensed Professional, M Ed
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Springfield, VA 22152
I have always had a desire to help others and create less suffering in those around me. As a resident in counseling, I am fairly new to the field, but have over 3 years of experience helping those who struggle with their mental health. I have worked with elementary aged children, adolescents and adults. I have found my niche in adolescent mental health, relationship issues, depression, anxiety, grief, multicultural concerns, and LGBTQIA+ concerns. I tend to focus heavily on the therapeutic relationship and guiding my clients through intense self-exploration. We all have a variety of identities that intersect and make us who we are.
I have always had a desire to help others and create less suffering in those around me. As a resident in counseling, I am fairly new to the field, but have over 3 years of experience helping those who struggle with their mental health. I have worked with elementary aged children, adolescents and adults. I have found my niche in adolescent mental health, relationship issues, depression, anxiety, grief, multicultural concerns, and LGBTQIA+ concerns. I tend to focus heavily on the therapeutic relationship and guiding my clients through intense self-exploration. We all have a variety of identities that intersect and make us who we are.
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Photo of Ryanah Germany, Resident in Counseling in Stanardsville, VA
Ryanah Germany
Resident in Counseling, MA, LPC-R
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fairfax, VA 22030
I work from a multicultural lens and consider my client’s cultural background and experiences.
Do you get caught up in negative or irrational thoughts? Are your reactions exaggerated and ruin your relationships? Do you get overwhelmed easily and feel stuck in life? Do you self-blame and critical of yourself? Together, we will identify and explore your intense emotions and experiences that keep you feeling like you're in a hamster well. I provide an empathic space that is judgment-free. My experience includes working with children, adolescents, and adults who struggle with intense emotions, mood disorders, trauma, self-harm, anxiety, and depression.
I work from a multicultural lens and consider my client’s cultural background and experiences.
Do you get caught up in negative or irrational thoughts? Are your reactions exaggerated and ruin your relationships? Do you get overwhelmed easily and feel stuck in life? Do you self-blame and critical of yourself? Together, we will identify and explore your intense emotions and experiences that keep you feeling like you're in a hamster well. I provide an empathic space that is judgment-free. My experience includes working with children, adolescents, and adults who struggle with intense emotions, mood disorders, trauma, self-harm, anxiety, and depression.
(571) 620-6562 x2 View (571) 620-6562 x2
Photo of Trevor Dunn, Psychologist in Stanardsville, VA
Trevor Dunn
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Arlington, VA 22203
Dr. Dunn specializes in the treatment of eating disorders, body image concerns, anxiety, OCD, depression, LGBTQ+ concerns, life transitions, relationship/interpersonal concerns, gender affirming treatment evaluations, grief/loss, identity concerns, and multicultural psychology (e.g., gender, sexuality, race/ethnicity). Trained as a counseling psychologist, he provides evidence-based, culturally centered therapy to adults in Washington DC, Virginia, and other PSYPACT states. Using warmth and empathy, he helps clients examine and reflect on their lives, and move in the direction of their goals and values.
Dr. Dunn specializes in the treatment of eating disorders, body image concerns, anxiety, OCD, depression, LGBTQ+ concerns, life transitions, relationship/interpersonal concerns, gender affirming treatment evaluations, grief/loss, identity concerns, and multicultural psychology (e.g., gender, sexuality, race/ethnicity). Trained as a counseling psychologist, he provides evidence-based, culturally centered therapy to adults in Washington DC, Virginia, and other PSYPACT states. Using warmth and empathy, he helps clients examine and reflect on their lives, and move in the direction of their goals and values.
(703) 884-1802 View (703) 884-1802
Photo of Ashley Elliott, Pre-Licensed Professional in Stanardsville, VA
Ashley Elliott
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, VA 22201
Elliott has worked with children, adults, and adolescents from various multicultural backgrounds.
“I’m here to encourage people in their moments of hurt, confusion, and disorder. I work to enlighten them on how to use tools to begin healing and growing. I focus on empowering them as they embark on these journeys with me, so they are equipped to thrive when they are ready to navigate without me.”
Elliott has worked with children, adults, and adolescents from various multicultural backgrounds.
“I’m here to encourage people in their moments of hurt, confusion, and disorder. I work to enlighten them on how to use tools to begin healing and growing. I focus on empowering them as they embark on these journeys with me, so they are equipped to thrive when they are ready to navigate without me.”
(703) 828-0285 View (703) 828-0285
Photo of Charlottesville Empowerment, Psychologist in Stanardsville, VA
Charlottesville Empowerment
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Charlottesville, VA 22902
Waitlist for new clients
We are social justice oriented and operate from a multicultural perspective which values diversity as a strength, affirms individual expression, and considers issues of power, privilege, and oppression throughout services.
We believe in intentional, flexible, and collaborative services designed to meet each client's unique needs. Empowerment is "the process of becoming stronger and more confident, especially in controlling one's life and claiming one's rights." Whether you're looking for symptom reduction, healing from past experiences, increasing understanding/insight, improving relationships, gaining support during difficult times, making difficult changes, or improving/maintaining your overall wellbeing, we look forward to supporting you in reclaiming and improving your life!
We are social justice oriented and operate from a multicultural perspective which values diversity as a strength, affirms individual expression, and considers issues of power, privilege, and oppression throughout services.
We believe in intentional, flexible, and collaborative services designed to meet each client's unique needs. Empowerment is "the process of becoming stronger and more confident, especially in controlling one's life and claiming one's rights." Whether you're looking for symptom reduction, healing from past experiences, increasing understanding/insight, improving relationships, gaining support during difficult times, making difficult changes, or improving/maintaining your overall wellbeing, we look forward to supporting you in reclaiming and improving your life!
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Photo of Dayna Kumar, Licensed Professional Counselor in Stanardsville, VA
Dayna Kumar
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Charlottesville, VA 22901  (Online Only)
The process has taught me to be a patient and attune with my children in our moments of connection and joy as we embrace our family’s multicultural traditions and values.
I empower others to live the life they imagine. I am passionate about working alongside those on a journey towards healing, whether from internal struggle, grief, or significant trauma leading to low mood or anxiety. I am qualified in the judicial system as an expert in family and trauma therapy. I am a certified EMDR therapist and consultant -started in 2010. My focus is to strengthen your core sense of self to disrupt negative internal dialogue, memories and somatic responses that lead to distress. In family work, I focus on secure attachment patterns, and increasing attunment and co-regulation between a child and caregiver(s).
The process has taught me to be a patient and attune with my children in our moments of connection and joy as we embrace our family’s multicultural traditions and values.
I empower others to live the life they imagine. I am passionate about working alongside those on a journey towards healing, whether from internal struggle, grief, or significant trauma leading to low mood or anxiety. I am qualified in the judicial system as an expert in family and trauma therapy. I am a certified EMDR therapist and consultant -started in 2010. My focus is to strengthen your core sense of self to disrupt negative internal dialogue, memories and somatic responses that lead to distress. In family work, I focus on secure attachment patterns, and increasing attunment and co-regulation between a child and caregiver(s).
(434) 448-3550 View (434) 448-3550
Photo of Martha A Halperin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Stanardsville, VA
Martha A Halperin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Arlington, VA 22204
She comes from a mindfulness and mind/body background and also has a broad multicultural perspective.
Martha has more than 25 years of experience as a licensed clinical social worker helping people with trauma, bipolar disorder and symptoms of anxiety and depression. She is easy to connect with and provides a warm and nonjudgmental presence to facilitate your journey toward wholeness.
She comes from a mindfulness and mind/body background and also has a broad multicultural perspective.
Martha has more than 25 years of experience as a licensed clinical social worker helping people with trauma, bipolar disorder and symptoms of anxiety and depression. She is easy to connect with and provides a warm and nonjudgmental presence to facilitate your journey toward wholeness.
(571) 450-9401 View (571) 450-9401
Photo of Catherine Grace Brackett, Resident in Counseling in Stanardsville, VA
Catherine Grace Brackett
Resident in Counseling, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fredericksburg, VA 22407  (Online Only)
In practice, I rely heavily on the notion that learning and growth cannot occur without safety and connection. I focus on building honest relationships with clients and have worked with children and adolescents as an educator and childcare provider for over fifteen years. I have extensive international experience with youth advocacy and support programs and have worked closely LGBTQIA+ and BIPOC adolescents and their caregivers and families. I aim to continue to understand the unique challenges faced by these communities and have a passion for multicultural counseling.
In practice, I rely heavily on the notion that learning and growth cannot occur without safety and connection. I focus on building honest relationships with clients and have worked with children and adolescents as an educator and childcare provider for over fifteen years. I have extensive international experience with youth advocacy and support programs and have worked closely LGBTQIA+ and BIPOC adolescents and their caregivers and families. I aim to continue to understand the unique challenges faced by these communities and have a passion for multicultural counseling.
(540) 306-5389 View (540) 306-5389
Photo of Purnima Karki, Resident in Marriage and Family Therapy in Stanardsville, VA
Purnima Karki
Resident in Marriage and Family Therapy, LMFT-R, MA
Verified Verified
Richmond, VA 23226
I believe that everyone can find health and wellness when provided with safe and supportive environments for growth. As a psychotherapist my role will be to facilitate your growth, with you as the decision-maker in what directions we should follow along the journey. Through person-centered, multicultural, and evidence-based methods, I will help you to explore past and present issues affecting your health, going along with your pace as we discover what is important to you in journeying through life.
I believe that everyone can find health and wellness when provided with safe and supportive environments for growth. As a psychotherapist my role will be to facilitate your growth, with you as the decision-maker in what directions we should follow along the journey. Through person-centered, multicultural, and evidence-based methods, I will help you to explore past and present issues affecting your health, going along with your pace as we discover what is important to you in journeying through life.
(804) 656-5011 View (804) 656-5011

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Multicultural Therapists

What type of therapy is multicultural therapy?

Multicultural therapy is not tied to any specific therapy; rather, it is an overarching approach to therapy that aims to acknowledge and address the influence that factors like race, gender identity, and cultural background can have on someone’s life. Multicultural approaches can be applied to CBT, psychodynamic therapy, and others, and can be practiced with individuals, couples, families, or groups.

What can I expect from multicultural therapy?

Multicultural counseling should be tailored to the client’s unique identity and cultural needs. Such approaches often prioritize the building of trust so that the client feels comfortable exploring various aspects of their identity and any challenges caused by mismatches between their identity and the dominant culture. Beyond that, the format and timeline of therapy will be heavily influenced by the therapist’s preferred therapy approach and the specific problems for which the client sought therapy.

Can multicultural therapy help treat trauma?

Yes. Cultural factors such as racial background, gender identity and or sexuality, and immigration or refugee status can influence both whether someone experiences trauma and how they cope afterward. Multicultural approaches to trauma-informed care will be aware of these influences, helping the client recognize how their response to trauma may be shaped by their cultural background and identify coping mechanisms that take their identity into account.

What are the benefits of seeing a multicultural therapist?

Members of minority groups who seek therapy are sometimes frustrated by providers who don’t understand their cultural background or dismiss the ways in which race, gender, or other facets of their identity influence their lived experience. Seeing a multicultural therapist can help these clients feel seen, understood, and able to develop solutions to life challenges that take their upbringing, beliefs, and past experiences into account.