Therapists in Pasadena, CA

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Photo of Christine Kreger, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Christine Kreger
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, ATR
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91105  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I'm guessing that if you're reading this then you're going through something that's making life difficult and I'm sorry about that. Maybe you're not where you thought you should be, or maybe getting through the day is your only goal. Whatever it is, I believe that therapy can help. It can provide us with some much needed support and encouragement. More importantly, therapy can strengthen and increase our self-esteem and confidence as we navigate relationships, social media, and our futures.
I'm guessing that if you're reading this then you're going through something that's making life difficult and I'm sorry about that. Maybe you're not where you thought you should be, or maybe getting through the day is your only goal. Whatever it is, I believe that therapy can help. It can provide us with some much needed support and encouragement. More importantly, therapy can strengthen and increase our self-esteem and confidence as we navigate relationships, social media, and our futures.
(818) 860-7208 View (818) 860-7208
Photo of Nicole Logan, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Pasadena, CA
Nicole Logan
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91101
I utilize a client centered approach in working with adolescents and adults who struggle with anxiety, depression, grief, relationship issues, and life transitions. In a safe, supportive, and non judgemental space we can explore the negative patterns in your life, work through any barriers, and move towards healing, growth, and change
I utilize a client centered approach in working with adolescents and adults who struggle with anxiety, depression, grief, relationship issues, and life transitions. In a safe, supportive, and non judgemental space we can explore the negative patterns in your life, work through any barriers, and move towards healing, growth, and change
(626) 240-1322 View (626) 240-1322
Photo of Hildy DiMarzio, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Hildy DiMarzio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PsyD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91101
When we find ourselves feeling burdened or "blocked", or when a certain satisfaction in life seems out of reach, it is often difficult to understand why things aren't clearer to us, or why we can't simply make the changes we want. The truth is, for all of us there is much that goes on in our psyches which eludes our awareness, but which nonetheless informs how we think, how we feel, and even how we act. So the question becomes, how can we open a window into those pockets of our inner world which somehow keep us stymied.
When we find ourselves feeling burdened or "blocked", or when a certain satisfaction in life seems out of reach, it is often difficult to understand why things aren't clearer to us, or why we can't simply make the changes we want. The truth is, for all of us there is much that goes on in our psyches which eludes our awareness, but which nonetheless informs how we think, how we feel, and even how we act. So the question becomes, how can we open a window into those pockets of our inner world which somehow keep us stymied.
(626) 945-0249 View (626) 945-0249
Photo of Dr. Adela Gharabeki, Psychologist in Pasadena, CA
Dr. Adela Gharabeki
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91107
Are you facing life's complexities and challenges? I'm here to help. As a therapist, I support clients in addressing a range of issues—whether they are current or rooted in the past. I firmly believe that the relationship we have with ourselves is foundational to improving the quality of our lives. That is why I work with clients in helping them explore aspects of themselves that may be interfering with their growth and development. Oftentimes this can manifest in the form of unhelpful behaviors, unhealthy ways of coping, or clinical disorders. Whatever it may look like, we can work through it together.
Are you facing life's complexities and challenges? I'm here to help. As a therapist, I support clients in addressing a range of issues—whether they are current or rooted in the past. I firmly believe that the relationship we have with ourselves is foundational to improving the quality of our lives. That is why I work with clients in helping them explore aspects of themselves that may be interfering with their growth and development. Oftentimes this can manifest in the form of unhelpful behaviors, unhealthy ways of coping, or clinical disorders. Whatever it may look like, we can work through it together.
(626) 247-3248 View (626) 247-3248
Photo of Ashley Shoshana Mink, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Ashley Shoshana Mink
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101
We are all in a collective period of transition, and change naturally brings up feelings of uncertainty and fear that can seem overwhelming and unmanageable. You do not have to face these feelings alone. As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist; I provide a safe space to feel, process, and integrate life experiences. I believe that the body should always be apart of talk therapy, and I use a variety of Somatic and Mindfulness practices to help my clients tune into themselves and discover their authenticity.
We are all in a collective period of transition, and change naturally brings up feelings of uncertainty and fear that can seem overwhelming and unmanageable. You do not have to face these feelings alone. As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist; I provide a safe space to feel, process, and integrate life experiences. I believe that the body should always be apart of talk therapy, and I use a variety of Somatic and Mindfulness practices to help my clients tune into themselves and discover their authenticity.
(424) 321-6436 View (424) 321-6436
Photo of Melissa Foulks, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Melissa Foulks
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101  (Online Only)
You want to appear like you have it all together, but deep down you are struggling. Maybe you’re tired of overthinking every decision, picking yourself apart every chance you get, or feeling like you’re always worrying. You might not even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But one thing is for sure: you’re ready for some relief. You’re ready to make peace with your past. You’re ready to feel a sense of calmness. You’re ready to live your life with confidence & purpose, & I can help you get there!
You want to appear like you have it all together, but deep down you are struggling. Maybe you’re tired of overthinking every decision, picking yourself apart every chance you get, or feeling like you’re always worrying. You might not even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But one thing is for sure: you’re ready for some relief. You’re ready to make peace with your past. You’re ready to feel a sense of calmness. You’re ready to live your life with confidence & purpose, & I can help you get there!
(818) 798-9508 View (818) 798-9508
Photo of Dr. Supatra Tovar, Psychologist in Pasadena, CA
Dr. Supatra Tovar
Psychologist, PsyD, RD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101  (Online Only)
Struggling with eating and body image issues, depression and anxiety, trauma, life transitions, and problems with your relationships can be overwhelming. However, these issues do not need to be faced alone. Working together with a collaborative, compassionate, and empathetic therapist can help you achieve the life you want, the relationships you desire, and optimum physical and mental health. My ideal client is engaged in his or her healthcare, eager to learn and transform, and someone who desires change within a therapeutic, compassionate environment.
Struggling with eating and body image issues, depression and anxiety, trauma, life transitions, and problems with your relationships can be overwhelming. However, these issues do not need to be faced alone. Working together with a collaborative, compassionate, and empathetic therapist can help you achieve the life you want, the relationships you desire, and optimum physical and mental health. My ideal client is engaged in his or her healthcare, eager to learn and transform, and someone who desires change within a therapeutic, compassionate environment.
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Photo of Brianna Winbigler, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Pasadena, CA
Brianna Winbigler
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91107  (Online Only)
I'm so glad you're here. I want to share some hopeful news with you: The way you are feeling right now is temporary. Perhaps you’ve been feeling stuck, stressed, unable to cope with life’s challenges, operating on auto-pilot, missing your sense of purpose, or struggling in your relationships. In these seasons, it can seem like life is just passing you by, while you miss out on moments of joy and connection. Just being here on your search for a therapist is a sign that you’re ready for a healthy and refreshing change in your life. Your desire to feel better is proof that it is possible.
I'm so glad you're here. I want to share some hopeful news with you: The way you are feeling right now is temporary. Perhaps you’ve been feeling stuck, stressed, unable to cope with life’s challenges, operating on auto-pilot, missing your sense of purpose, or struggling in your relationships. In these seasons, it can seem like life is just passing you by, while you miss out on moments of joy and connection. Just being here on your search for a therapist is a sign that you’re ready for a healthy and refreshing change in your life. Your desire to feel better is proof that it is possible.
(323) 861-3173 View (323) 861-3173
Photo of Kelsey Sima, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Kelsey Sima
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91107
Waitlist for new clients
Often when faced with pain we seek out quick fixes to give us relief only to have the pain return. I want to help you find lasting relief by understanding where your pain is originating. I help people make sense of unexplainable anxiety, depression, and unwanted behaviors to create the life and relationships they want. I am passionate about helping people become more emotionally, relationally, and spiritually whole through the nurturing environment that is therapy.
Often when faced with pain we seek out quick fixes to give us relief only to have the pain return. I want to help you find lasting relief by understanding where your pain is originating. I help people make sense of unexplainable anxiety, depression, and unwanted behaviors to create the life and relationships they want. I am passionate about helping people become more emotionally, relationally, and spiritually whole through the nurturing environment that is therapy.
(626) 316-6521 View (626) 316-6521
Photo of Andrea Cabello, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Pasadena, CA
Andrea Cabello
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Are you a Highly Sensitive Person (HSP), creative, or an executive in the film industry? Are you experiencing an increased sense of unease? Perhaps you’re contending with symptoms that defy explanation, or continual conflict in your relationships. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, or stressful experiences can cast shadows on your ability to cultivate meaningful work and nurture fulfilling relationships. The weight of stress may leave you feeling constantly overwhelmed and unsure of how to move forward from challenging or traumatic experiences, generational trauma, or a cycle of abuse.
Are you a Highly Sensitive Person (HSP), creative, or an executive in the film industry? Are you experiencing an increased sense of unease? Perhaps you’re contending with symptoms that defy explanation, or continual conflict in your relationships. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, or stressful experiences can cast shadows on your ability to cultivate meaningful work and nurture fulfilling relationships. The weight of stress may leave you feeling constantly overwhelmed and unsure of how to move forward from challenging or traumatic experiences, generational trauma, or a cycle of abuse.
(626) 669-3490 View (626) 669-3490
Photo of Thomas Duke, Psychologist in Pasadena, CA
Thomas Duke
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101
Hello, I'm Dr. Thomas Duke, an experienced licensed Psychologist located in Pasadena. I provide therapy for adults, children, teens, and families.
Hello, I'm Dr. Thomas Duke, an experienced licensed Psychologist located in Pasadena. I provide therapy for adults, children, teens, and families.
(626) 539-2411 View (626) 539-2411
Photo of Rebekah Valle, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Rebekah Valle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PPSC
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91101
As a 2nd through 4th generation Mexican-American, first generation college graduate, and eldest daughter, I am passionate about the healing and restoration of myself, community, and those seeking to reconnect with themselves. I love working with people who are ready to put in the work, are in the beginning stages of their healing journey or are looking for someone who can provide insight as they continue to explore areas they’ve yet to uncover. I believe each person is the expert of their own story and my role is to serve as a support as they meet themselves on a deeper level and find meaning in their experiences.
As a 2nd through 4th generation Mexican-American, first generation college graduate, and eldest daughter, I am passionate about the healing and restoration of myself, community, and those seeking to reconnect with themselves. I love working with people who are ready to put in the work, are in the beginning stages of their healing journey or are looking for someone who can provide insight as they continue to explore areas they’ve yet to uncover. I believe each person is the expert of their own story and my role is to serve as a support as they meet themselves on a deeper level and find meaning in their experiences.
(626) 667-2136 View (626) 667-2136
Photo of Dr Nev Psychological Services, Psychologist in Pasadena, CA
Dr Nev Psychological Services
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91105
"The pain is there; when you close one door on it, it knocks to come in somewhere else..." (Dr. Irvin D. Yalom). The process of psychotherapy is uncovering the pain, either developmental, situation specific or just existential, and working through it within the bounds of a trusting, accepting and empathetic therapeutic relationship. Throughout the process, I will help you uncover and become comfortable with your authentic self, while bringing into the consciousness some of the themes and motives that have unconsciously ruled your life and became a part of who you are.
"The pain is there; when you close one door on it, it knocks to come in somewhere else..." (Dr. Irvin D. Yalom). The process of psychotherapy is uncovering the pain, either developmental, situation specific or just existential, and working through it within the bounds of a trusting, accepting and empathetic therapeutic relationship. Throughout the process, I will help you uncover and become comfortable with your authentic self, while bringing into the consciousness some of the themes and motives that have unconsciously ruled your life and became a part of who you are.
(626) 238-0289 View (626) 238-0289
Photo of Natalie Epstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Natalie Epstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101
I work with individuals & families who yearn for deeper, more satisfying connections to themselves, each other and the earth. Self-love is an unlearning process, and by bearing witness to your gifts, spirit, and love, as well as whatever may be clouding these forces, I hope to help you come home to yourself and from a place of alignment, begin orienting your life towards what nourishes it. Capitalism leaves us with few tools beyond the punishment and blame when it comes to self-improvement. I hope to replenish your toolkit with the grace, curiosity, and connection that will actually facilitate the growth and wellbeing of your spirit
I work with individuals & families who yearn for deeper, more satisfying connections to themselves, each other and the earth. Self-love is an unlearning process, and by bearing witness to your gifts, spirit, and love, as well as whatever may be clouding these forces, I hope to help you come home to yourself and from a place of alignment, begin orienting your life towards what nourishes it. Capitalism leaves us with few tools beyond the punishment and blame when it comes to self-improvement. I hope to replenish your toolkit with the grace, curiosity, and connection that will actually facilitate the growth and wellbeing of your spirit
(213) 348-6417 View (213) 348-6417
Photo of Jennifer Murdocca, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Jennifer Murdocca
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91101  (Online Only)
You already possess the inner resources and capacity needed to heal. At certain times, however, we all need help gaining access to that nurturing capacity: a kind of 'Assisted Self Discovery.' When our minds, bodies, & emotions are all supported together in a safe process of present-oriented exploration, the potential for change is remarkable. I utilize an eclectic approach. Each session is tailored to your unique needs & personal goals. Long-lasting symptom relief/decreased suffering & achieving a more fulfilling life are priorities that guide my work with clients.
You already possess the inner resources and capacity needed to heal. At certain times, however, we all need help gaining access to that nurturing capacity: a kind of 'Assisted Self Discovery.' When our minds, bodies, & emotions are all supported together in a safe process of present-oriented exploration, the potential for change is remarkable. I utilize an eclectic approach. Each session is tailored to your unique needs & personal goals. Long-lasting symptom relief/decreased suffering & achieving a more fulfilling life are priorities that guide my work with clients.
(323) 387-3942 View (323) 387-3942
Photo of Denise Hernandez, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Pasadena, CA
Denise Hernandez
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91104  (Online Only)
Do you ever feel needing to speak with someone about what is going on your mind? Trying to process what is going on? Having relationships concerns with significant partners, friends, or family? Wanting to learn ways to cope with difficult feelings?
Do you ever feel needing to speak with someone about what is going on your mind? Trying to process what is going on? Having relationships concerns with significant partners, friends, or family? Wanting to learn ways to cope with difficult feelings?
(323) 948-6303 View (323) 948-6303
Photo of Ana Zalles, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Ana Zalles
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91107  (Online Only)
I am an LMFT 137168 and LPCC 13474. I am a multi-dynamic and integrative therapist. I have a research background in Trauma, Psychophysiology, and Psychedelics. I am certified and trained in Psychedelic Assisted Treatments, Trauma Informed Care, as well as multiple Evidence Based practices, such as CCTP, CBT, DBT, and multiple others to help clients ages 5-65+. I enjoy expanding my treatment expertise and I am currently training in EMDR. Please join us at anaczalles.com and at thekpractice.com to learn more.
I am an LMFT 137168 and LPCC 13474. I am a multi-dynamic and integrative therapist. I have a research background in Trauma, Psychophysiology, and Psychedelics. I am certified and trained in Psychedelic Assisted Treatments, Trauma Informed Care, as well as multiple Evidence Based practices, such as CCTP, CBT, DBT, and multiple others to help clients ages 5-65+. I enjoy expanding my treatment expertise and I am currently training in EMDR. Please join us at anaczalles.com and at thekpractice.com to learn more.
(626) 605-2929 View (626) 605-2929
Photo of Scott Whelan, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Pasadena, CA
Scott Whelan
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT, MT-BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101
It is in our nature to live our lives through stories. Often our stories can become overshadowed by the effects of problems in our lives. Trauma, anxiety, depression and difficult life transitions may have taken you away from what you value most, leaving you feeling overwhelmed, stuck or disconnected. My goal is to honor all parts of your story, providing a compassionate space for you to heal and re-claim your own agency in your life.
It is in our nature to live our lives through stories. Often our stories can become overshadowed by the effects of problems in our lives. Trauma, anxiety, depression and difficult life transitions may have taken you away from what you value most, leaving you feeling overwhelmed, stuck or disconnected. My goal is to honor all parts of your story, providing a compassionate space for you to heal and re-claim your own agency in your life.
(323) 433-9851 View (323) 433-9851
Photo of Jennifer R Levin, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Jennifer R Levin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, PhD, MFC
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91106
As a therapist I have witnessed healing and its splendor in the darkest of circumstances and am honored when individuals choose to embark on this journey with me. I know the decision to enter therapy is not always easy. Therapy is not easy. But therapy heals. When you enter therapy you put forth a willingness to acknowledge painful emotions and circumstances and a readiness to explore life events that are often uncomfortable, sometimes even paralyzing. But the insight and meaning you will gain from therapy will lead to transformation, comfort and growth.
As a therapist I have witnessed healing and its splendor in the darkest of circumstances and am honored when individuals choose to embark on this journey with me. I know the decision to enter therapy is not always easy. Therapy is not easy. But therapy heals. When you enter therapy you put forth a willingness to acknowledge painful emotions and circumstances and a readiness to explore life events that are often uncomfortable, sometimes even paralyzing. But the insight and meaning you will gain from therapy will lead to transformation, comfort and growth.
(626) 465-7716 View (626) 465-7716
Photo of Melissa E. Muller, Counselor in Pasadena, CA
Melissa E. Muller
Counselor, MEd, NCC, LPCC
Verified Verified
13 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101
Melissa is passionate about working with individuals seeking growth, a deeper sense of life purpose, and who desire to know and experience their full potential. Her gifts lie in her curiosity and genuine care for others, their stories, and their need to tell them. Melissa's empathy shines through in her ability to state the hard things, to say the comforting things, and to ask questions without leading. Her primary expertise is in Complex Trauma/PTSD, ADHD, and Relationship challenges. Melissa utilizes EMDR and her training in Internal Family Systems to create an authentic and creative therapeutic experience.
Melissa is passionate about working with individuals seeking growth, a deeper sense of life purpose, and who desire to know and experience their full potential. Her gifts lie in her curiosity and genuine care for others, their stories, and their need to tell them. Melissa's empathy shines through in her ability to state the hard things, to say the comforting things, and to ask questions without leading. Her primary expertise is in Complex Trauma/PTSD, ADHD, and Relationship challenges. Melissa utilizes EMDR and her training in Internal Family Systems to create an authentic and creative therapeutic experience.
(626) 269-2135 View (626) 269-2135

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Pasadena, CA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Pasadena, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
90% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Grief
65% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

65% Aetna
55% Cigna and Evernorth
52% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Pasadena, CA see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
22% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Pasadena?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.