Trauma and PTSD Therapists in Saint Paul, MN

Photo of Sarah Nides, Counselor, MA, LPCC, RPT
Sarah Nides
Counselor, MA, LPCC, RPT
2 Endorsed
Saint Paul, MN 55105
Sarah has experience providing group, individual, and family therapy. She has worked with most ages in a variety of settings including schools, daycares, homes, and day treatment centers. Sarah believes in the value of each individual’s unique strengths and aims to guide her clients towards healing through creativity. Sarah’s approach is gentle and informative while offering a safe, warm, and encouraging environment. She hopes that her clients will feel heard, as she seeks to understand their concerns and find ways to guide them towards their therapy goals.
Sarah has experience providing group, individual, and family therapy. She has worked with most ages in a variety of settings including schools, daycares, homes, and day treatment centers. Sarah believes in the value of each individual’s unique strengths and aims to guide her clients towards healing through creativity. Sarah’s approach is gentle and informative while offering a safe, warm, and encouraging environment. She hopes that her clients will feel heard, as she seeks to understand their concerns and find ways to guide them towards their therapy goals.
(612) 712-5960 View (612) 712-5960
Photo of Suzanne Kirk, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, BA
Suzanne Kirk
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, BA
Saint Paul, MN 55102
I completed training in trauma informed therapy.
I will help you to create new insights to emotional and physical health. Clients tell me that I have empathy, and they feel comfortable talking in sessions. I take nonjudgmental, collaborative approach as I listen to my clients.
I completed training in trauma informed therapy.
I will help you to create new insights to emotional and physical health. Clients tell me that I have empathy, and they feel comfortable talking in sessions. I take nonjudgmental, collaborative approach as I listen to my clients.
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Photo of Roberta Sorenson - Bluebird Counseling LLC, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Bluebird Counseling LLC
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Saint Paul, MN 55104
We will help you strengthen relationships, heal attachment wounds, build emotion regulation and coping skills, shift unhelpful thought patterns, relate to yourself with compassion and care, process trauma with EMDR, and we developmentally appropriate child therapy.
At Bluebird Counseling, our goal is to help you become your own best friend, cultivate connections with others, and hone skills so that you can be both effective and content with the life you are living. The bluebird is a harbinger of joy and joy is a possibility for you as you heal from the pain you have been carrying. Say yes to the possibility of contentment and peace. We are LGBTQ+ allied and provide gender-affirming care. We offer neurodiversity-affirming support and are committed to providing culturally responsive, affirming care for clients from BIPOC communities.
We will help you strengthen relationships, heal attachment wounds, build emotion regulation and coping skills, shift unhelpful thought patterns, relate to yourself with compassion and care, process trauma with EMDR, and we developmentally appropriate child therapy.
At Bluebird Counseling, our goal is to help you become your own best friend, cultivate connections with others, and hone skills so that you can be both effective and content with the life you are living. The bluebird is a harbinger of joy and joy is a possibility for you as you heal from the pain you have been carrying. Say yes to the possibility of contentment and peace. We are LGBTQ+ allied and provide gender-affirming care. We offer neurodiversity-affirming support and are committed to providing culturally responsive, affirming care for clients from BIPOC communities.
(651) 349-9435 View (651) 349-9435
Photo of Rebekah Morse, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, CCW
Rebekah Morse
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, CCW
7 Endorsed
Saint Paul, MN 55102
Waitlist for new clients
I provide a calm and compassionate space to work through anxiety, depression, grief, difficult relationships, parenting concerns, traumas or that feeling that things just aren’t right.
I am a certified psychoanalytic, IFS-informed psychotherapist, training in EMDR; I integrate somatic, mindfulness, CBT, and sand tray. I draw on advanced TFCBT training. I have studied Zen Buddhism for 15+ years. I continually educate myself on social justice concerns, as I work to support each person to find their fullest potential in our difficult world.
I provide a calm and compassionate space to work through anxiety, depression, grief, difficult relationships, parenting concerns, traumas or that feeling that things just aren’t right.
I am a certified psychoanalytic, IFS-informed psychotherapist, training in EMDR; I integrate somatic, mindfulness, CBT, and sand tray. I draw on advanced TFCBT training. I have studied Zen Buddhism for 15+ years. I continually educate myself on social justice concerns, as I work to support each person to find their fullest potential in our difficult world.
(651) 318-4719 View (651) 318-4719
Photo of Mira Rose Cummins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, PMH-C
Mira Rose Cummins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, PMH-C
Saint Paul, MN 55102
My passion is working with individuals around family building and healing from trauma, and often the intersection of the two.
My speciality is the intersection between trauma and perinatal mental health, although you don't have to be a parent to come see me. Many people find they have childhood wounds to heal from before they begin planning for parenthood. I love to support women in their healing and growth journeys through all the stages of their life.
My passion is working with individuals around family building and healing from trauma, and often the intersection of the two.
My speciality is the intersection between trauma and perinatal mental health, although you don't have to be a parent to come see me. Many people find they have childhood wounds to heal from before they begin planning for parenthood. I love to support women in their healing and growth journeys through all the stages of their life.
(651) 467-7635 View (651) 467-7635
Photo of Vessela Kouneva, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Vessela Kouneva
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Online Only
Are you struggling with issues like Relationship Challenges, Anxiety, Trauma, Grief, Depression, Self-Esteem, or Life Transitions?
I specialize in: • EFT (Emotionally Focused Therapy with Couples) • EMDR and ART (effective therapies for trauma and emotional pain) • The Leela Game: A transformative, interactive tool rooted in ancient Indian traditions.
Are you struggling with issues like Relationship Challenges, Anxiety, Trauma, Grief, Depression, Self-Esteem, or Life Transitions?
I specialize in: • EFT (Emotionally Focused Therapy with Couples) • EMDR and ART (effective therapies for trauma and emotional pain) • The Leela Game: A transformative, interactive tool rooted in ancient Indian traditions.
(651) 315-8413 View (651) 315-8413
Photo of Katie Hughes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Katie Hughes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Online Only
On the outside, your life may look great: You’re capable, responsible, and holding it all together. But internally, something feels off. Many of my clients describe feeling like they’re going through the motions of life, questioning who they truly are, or struggling to feel worthy of love and belonging. Some overextend for others or shut down connections to ease emotional pain. I work with clients to help them understand and transform these patterns with compassion and curiosity. Because I know that meaningful change is possible when you have the right support.
On the outside, your life may look great: You’re capable, responsible, and holding it all together. But internally, something feels off. Many of my clients describe feeling like they’re going through the motions of life, questioning who they truly are, or struggling to feel worthy of love and belonging. Some overextend for others or shut down connections to ease emotional pain. I work with clients to help them understand and transform these patterns with compassion and curiosity. Because I know that meaningful change is possible when you have the right support.
(651) 877-6509 View (651) 877-6509
Photo of Georgia DeMun, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Georgia DeMun
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Online Only
When working with anxiety, depression, and trauma, I take a collaborative, trauma-informed approach that honors your pace and prioritizes emotional safety.
I really enjoy working with people from all walks of life. Specifically, I enjoy the treatment of anxiety, depression, working with adolescents, treating problems surrounding self-compassion and self-esteem, and stress management. I thoroughly enjoy working with LGBTQ+ people, as I identify as a fellow community member myself. I approach my work with children through an integrative lens. I believe children shape their world through play. Kiddos shine brightest when they are met with authenticity, validation, and compassion! Currently, I am accepting clients 18 years old and above only.
When working with anxiety, depression, and trauma, I take a collaborative, trauma-informed approach that honors your pace and prioritizes emotional safety.
I really enjoy working with people from all walks of life. Specifically, I enjoy the treatment of anxiety, depression, working with adolescents, treating problems surrounding self-compassion and self-esteem, and stress management. I thoroughly enjoy working with LGBTQ+ people, as I identify as a fellow community member myself. I approach my work with children through an integrative lens. I believe children shape their world through play. Kiddos shine brightest when they are met with authenticity, validation, and compassion! Currently, I am accepting clients 18 years old and above only.
(651) 504-8953 View (651) 504-8953
Photo of Serenity Silvers, Licensed Professional Counselor, MPS, LPCC, LADC
Serenity Silvers
Licensed Professional Counselor, MPS, LPCC, LADC
Online Only
I work with people who may struggle with depression, trauma, or substance use.
I work with capable, high-functioning adults who feel stuck — with alcohol use, mood shifts, or a quiet sense of dissatisfaction. They want clarity, steadiness, and meaningful change, not to be fixed. I help adults examine their relationship with alcohol, regulate mood, and realign life with their values. I also offer Board-Approved Supervision for LPCs and LADCs accumulating licensure hours. I am a committed ally to the LGBTQIA2S+ community and offer care grounded in respect, safety, and evidence-based practice. If you're seeking thoughtful, private-pay therapy that honors your identity and goals, you're welcome here.
I work with people who may struggle with depression, trauma, or substance use.
I work with capable, high-functioning adults who feel stuck — with alcohol use, mood shifts, or a quiet sense of dissatisfaction. They want clarity, steadiness, and meaningful change, not to be fixed. I help adults examine their relationship with alcohol, regulate mood, and realign life with their values. I also offer Board-Approved Supervision for LPCs and LADCs accumulating licensure hours. I am a committed ally to the LGBTQIA2S+ community and offer care grounded in respect, safety, and evidence-based practice. If you're seeking thoughtful, private-pay therapy that honors your identity and goals, you're welcome here.
(651) 318-4621 View (651) 318-4621
Photo of Alec Vicenzi - Alec Vicenzi: EMDR, First Responders, Adults, Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Alec Vicenzi: EMDR, First Responders, Adults
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
4 Endorsed
Saint Paul, MN 55114
I help people diagnosed with a wide variety of conditions but am particularly interested in trauma-related diagnoses.
I'm part of the team at Sage Leaf Wellness, and we want to make it easy to start therapy. We are in-network with Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Blue Plus, Cigna, Hennepin Health, PreferredOne, Health Partners Pmap, Medical Assistance, Ucare, and Ucare PMAP. You can call us, email us, or visit us online at sageleafwellness dot com.
I help people diagnosed with a wide variety of conditions but am particularly interested in trauma-related diagnoses.
I'm part of the team at Sage Leaf Wellness, and we want to make it easy to start therapy. We are in-network with Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, Blue Plus, Cigna, Hennepin Health, PreferredOne, Health Partners Pmap, Medical Assistance, Ucare, and Ucare PMAP. You can call us, email us, or visit us online at sageleafwellness dot com.
(651) 877-6049 View (651) 877-6049
Photo of Savanna Hooley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Savanna Hooley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Saint Paul, MN 55104
If you have had painful or confusing experiences, difficulties with boundaries, feelings of guilt/shame, anxiety, or trauma I would be honored to work with you.
Update: limited spots available- Hello! Asking for help and finding a therapist is not an easy process and I am so glad you’re here. You may be feeling like your thoughts, experiences, and emotions are too much or too painful and you deserve a nonjudgmental space to be heard. You may also feel like your relationships, school/work, sense of self, and home life are being negatively impacted by how you feel inside and you want to figure out why you're feeling this way. So, if the ways in which you've learned to keep yourself safe so far aren't working as well as they used to and you're ready for change, let's talk about it.
If you have had painful or confusing experiences, difficulties with boundaries, feelings of guilt/shame, anxiety, or trauma I would be honored to work with you.
Update: limited spots available- Hello! Asking for help and finding a therapist is not an easy process and I am so glad you’re here. You may be feeling like your thoughts, experiences, and emotions are too much or too painful and you deserve a nonjudgmental space to be heard. You may also feel like your relationships, school/work, sense of self, and home life are being negatively impacted by how you feel inside and you want to figure out why you're feeling this way. So, if the ways in which you've learned to keep yourself safe so far aren't working as well as they used to and you're ready for change, let's talk about it.
(651) 401-8608 View (651) 401-8608
Photo of Mackenzie Allyn Gosa, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Mackenzie Allyn Gosa
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Paul, I am currently focusing on serving the LGBTQIA community, adults navigating trauma & life transitions, and individuals and couples seeking sex therapy.
There is a Buddhist parable that talks about the two arrows that wound humanity in life, one of which is inevitable and one that is not. The first arrow is the arrow of physical and emotional pain, unavoidable experiences in life. The second arrow is the arrow of suffering. Suffering is how we feel towards our physical and emotional pain. Each of us has the ability to avoid shooting this second arrow of suffering. This is possible through changing our relationship with our pain. As your therapist, I am interested in accompanying you on the exploration of your inner world. Our work together will include ->
Paul, I am currently focusing on serving the LGBTQIA community, adults navigating trauma & life transitions, and individuals and couples seeking sex therapy.
There is a Buddhist parable that talks about the two arrows that wound humanity in life, one of which is inevitable and one that is not. The first arrow is the arrow of physical and emotional pain, unavoidable experiences in life. The second arrow is the arrow of suffering. Suffering is how we feel towards our physical and emotional pain. Each of us has the ability to avoid shooting this second arrow of suffering. This is possible through changing our relationship with our pain. As your therapist, I am interested in accompanying you on the exploration of your inner world. Our work together will include ->
(651) 413-9084 View (651) 413-9084
Photo of Hana Subasic-Sullivan, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Hana Subasic-Sullivan
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Saint Paul, MN 55104
I am also passionate about working with developmental trauma, inner-child wounding, and attachment injuries, in order to help you become the person, partner, parent, adult child, community member or friend you desire to be.
Our pain, trauma and suffering often manifest as symptoms of anxiety, depression, PTSD, or feeling stuck or lost. Fortunately, neuroscience tells us that our brain’s neuropathways can change and be rewired for health. I integrate somatic modalities, such as Sensorimotor therapy, Brainspotting, AIR Network, breath work, mindfulness, and yoga in order to help
I am also passionate about working with developmental trauma, inner-child wounding, and attachment injuries, in order to help you become the person, partner, parent, adult child, community member or friend you desire to be.
Our pain, trauma and suffering often manifest as symptoms of anxiety, depression, PTSD, or feeling stuck or lost. Fortunately, neuroscience tells us that our brain’s neuropathways can change and be rewired for health. I integrate somatic modalities, such as Sensorimotor therapy, Brainspotting, AIR Network, breath work, mindfulness, and yoga in order to help
(651) 333-7540 View (651) 333-7540
Photo of Annie Curtis Nelson, Counselor, MS, LPCC
Annie Curtis Nelson
Counselor, MS, LPCC
Saint Paul, MN 55104
Think things like anxiety and alcohol abuse, trauma and depression, stress management and ADHD, and so on… I believe mental health diagnoses can be helpful in giving us a starting point for evidence based ways to improve our mental wellness, but they are also labels rooted in and created by classically oppressive systems, so diagnosis is not a primary focus of sessions.
I work with adults 18+ and specialize in life transitions, managing stress, anxiety, trauma and addiction, and have a particular interest in how our childhood experiences impact us as adults. I currently see clients via telehealth and in person. I use a trauma informed approach to address underlying issues that may be affecting you today.
Think things like anxiety and alcohol abuse, trauma and depression, stress management and ADHD, and so on… I believe mental health diagnoses can be helpful in giving us a starting point for evidence based ways to improve our mental wellness, but they are also labels rooted in and created by classically oppressive systems, so diagnosis is not a primary focus of sessions.
I work with adults 18+ and specialize in life transitions, managing stress, anxiety, trauma and addiction, and have a particular interest in how our childhood experiences impact us as adults. I currently see clients via telehealth and in person. I use a trauma informed approach to address underlying issues that may be affecting you today.
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Photo of Angie Haag, Counselor, LPCC, LADC, LPC
Angie Haag
Counselor, LPCC, LADC, LPC
Online Only
I am trained in various therapeutic approaches and feel most aligned with TCBT - trauma- informed cognitive behavioral therapy; and internal family systems (or parts work).
Hi folx, My name is Angie (she/her) and I am a queer mental health therapist and psychotherapist. I work with people ages 18+, both individuals and couples. In therapy, I use humor, empathy, and believe in having an honest and open relationship with my clients. I am committed to learning, listening, and holding space for the underserved. My hope is to create a safe space for all who need it!
I am trained in various therapeutic approaches and feel most aligned with TCBT - trauma- informed cognitive behavioral therapy; and internal family systems (or parts work).
Hi folx, My name is Angie (she/her) and I am a queer mental health therapist and psychotherapist. I work with people ages 18+, both individuals and couples. In therapy, I use humor, empathy, and believe in having an honest and open relationship with my clients. I am committed to learning, listening, and holding space for the underserved. My hope is to create a safe space for all who need it!
(763) 230-0132 View (763) 230-0132
Photo of Jessica Haas, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Jessica Haas
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Saint Paul, MN 55105
I have experience working with issues related to depression, anxiety, trauma and PTSD, family and relationship conflict, life transitions, anger, self-esteem and self-compassion, and spirituality.
I strive to create a safe and warm environment where people can feel heard and understood, and I work to find a balance between supporting and accepting people as they are, while challenging them to step out of their comfort zone to make the changes they desire for a better life. I believe that relationships can be an important part of the healing process, whether these are with friends and family or the therapeutic relationship built in sessions. I believe in taking a collaborative approach, utilizing the strengths and insights of each person.
I have experience working with issues related to depression, anxiety, trauma and PTSD, family and relationship conflict, life transitions, anger, self-esteem and self-compassion, and spirituality.
I strive to create a safe and warm environment where people can feel heard and understood, and I work to find a balance between supporting and accepting people as they are, while challenging them to step out of their comfort zone to make the changes they desire for a better life. I believe that relationships can be an important part of the healing process, whether these are with friends and family or the therapeutic relationship built in sessions. I believe in taking a collaborative approach, utilizing the strengths and insights of each person.
(612) 429-4689 View (612) 429-4689
Photo of Catherine M Hedberg, Psychologist, MA, LP
Catherine M Hedberg
Psychologist, MA, LP
Saint Paul, MN 55114
I assist clients with issues ranging from creative blocks and performance anxiety, to severe trauma related to car accidents, combat, first responders, violence, catastrophes and sudden loss.
Fear is the emotion underlying most problems in our lives. We are often the biggest hurdle to reaching our potential. Whether it's fear of success, or performance, stage fright, or fear of becoming more engaged in life and with others, it all connects back to our own beliefs limiting our potential. What we believe about ourselves dictates how successful we are or aren't. Wanting it to be different usually isn't enough. Liberating ourselves from our self-created shackles is the answer, and changing neurocognitive pathways is the key. Life can be very different once this happens.
I assist clients with issues ranging from creative blocks and performance anxiety, to severe trauma related to car accidents, combat, first responders, violence, catastrophes and sudden loss.
Fear is the emotion underlying most problems in our lives. We are often the biggest hurdle to reaching our potential. Whether it's fear of success, or performance, stage fright, or fear of becoming more engaged in life and with others, it all connects back to our own beliefs limiting our potential. What we believe about ourselves dictates how successful we are or aren't. Wanting it to be different usually isn't enough. Liberating ourselves from our self-created shackles is the answer, and changing neurocognitive pathways is the key. Life can be very different once this happens.
(651) 314-1639 View (651) 314-1639
Photo of Katia R. Lopez-Petrovich, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, NCC, LMFT
Katia R. Lopez-Petrovich
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, NCC, LMFT
Saint Paul, MN 55114
Waitlist for new clients
Her practice is informed by trauma-informed, culturally responsive, and family-centered approaches.
Specialties: EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing). Somatic Experiencing Therapy- Level 1 Trained. TF-CBT ( Trauma Focus Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) Trained Narrative Trauma Exposure T. Trained (Oregon) Parenting Management Trainning Prog. (PMTO) Trained "Perinatal Mental Health" trained.
Her practice is informed by trauma-informed, culturally responsive, and family-centered approaches.
Specialties: EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing). Somatic Experiencing Therapy- Level 1 Trained. TF-CBT ( Trauma Focus Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) Trained Narrative Trauma Exposure T. Trained (Oregon) Parenting Management Trainning Prog. (PMTO) Trained "Perinatal Mental Health" trained.
(612) 400-7668 View (612) 400-7668
Photo of Akiko Tanaka, Psychologist, PhD, LP
Akiko Tanaka
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Saint Paul, MN 55102
You may be hoping to improve relationships in your life, be better able to deal with depression or anxiety, or free yourself from effects of trauma.
My approach to therapy is holistic. I address the past and present, as well as the mind and body. Together we will explore the impacts of earlier experiences, such as abuse, trauma, and negative relationships, on your current life.
You may be hoping to improve relationships in your life, be better able to deal with depression or anxiety, or free yourself from effects of trauma.
My approach to therapy is holistic. I address the past and present, as well as the mind and body. Together we will explore the impacts of earlier experiences, such as abuse, trauma, and negative relationships, on your current life.
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Photo of Daniela Suarez Rivera, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LMHC, LPCC
Daniela Suarez Rivera
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LMHC, LPCC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Daniela is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in the state of Florida & a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Minnesota. She believes that this healing work is a calling that brings together the best parts of humanity, our resilience, vulnerability, inner strength, and curiosity. As a culturally informed and intergenerational trained counselor; she works with children, teens, young adults, couples, and the elderly of varying backgrounds through a person-centered approach. She is available to the Spanish speaking community as an Ecuadorian native.
Daniela is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in the state of Florida & a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Minnesota. She believes that this healing work is a calling that brings together the best parts of humanity, our resilience, vulnerability, inner strength, and curiosity. As a culturally informed and intergenerational trained counselor; she works with children, teens, young adults, couples, and the elderly of varying backgrounds through a person-centered approach. She is available to the Spanish speaking community as an Ecuadorian native.
(651) 677-4707 View (651) 677-4707

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Trauma and PTSD Therapists
When should I seek treatment for trauma?
Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?
Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?
Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?
It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.