Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

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Photo of Roger Pollock, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Roger Pollock
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55402
Waitlist for new clients
My mission is to genuinely share myself with others so that we can reach higher levels of understanding and experience acceptance, commitment, and hope. We are doing the best we can, with what we have, in this moment and we can do better, being more motivated to change. With a dialectical perspective, drawing from the principles of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), I focus on helping my clients achieve their goals and create a life worth living.In my work, I connect with adolescents, families, and young adults, offering a radically genuine relationship that helps them discover that hope and recovery are possible.
My mission is to genuinely share myself with others so that we can reach higher levels of understanding and experience acceptance, commitment, and hope. We are doing the best we can, with what we have, in this moment and we can do better, being more motivated to change. With a dialectical perspective, drawing from the principles of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), I focus on helping my clients achieve their goals and create a life worth living.In my work, I connect with adolescents, families, and young adults, offering a radically genuine relationship that helps them discover that hope and recovery are possible.
(612) 662-5680 View (612) 662-5680
Photo of Matthew C. Spitzmueller, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Matthew C. Spitzmueller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LICSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55408
I'm accepting new clients. I work with clients aged 14 and older. My practice addresses challenges in interpersonal relationships, anxiety, mood disorders, and sleep issues. The services I offer include individual psychotherapy, couples counseling, and cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia. For an overview of my practice, please visit my website via the link on this page.
I'm accepting new clients. I work with clients aged 14 and older. My practice addresses challenges in interpersonal relationships, anxiety, mood disorders, and sleep issues. The services I offer include individual psychotherapy, couples counseling, and cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia. For an overview of my practice, please visit my website via the link on this page.
(612) 482-8466 View (612) 482-8466
Photo of Linnea Logas, MA, Feminist Therapist,Couples Coach, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Linnea Logas, MA, Feminist Therapist,Couples Coach
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55418  (Online Only)
I empower individuals and couples struggling with anxiety, shame, low self-esteem & communication issues to find deep, wholehearted contentedness and inner-freedom. Using a feminist, anti-racist, trauma-informed, gender & sexuality affirming lens, my goal is to help you grow in love with yourself and your people. You are deserving of your love, and contentment and joy in your relationships is absolutely attainable.
I empower individuals and couples struggling with anxiety, shame, low self-esteem & communication issues to find deep, wholehearted contentedness and inner-freedom. Using a feminist, anti-racist, trauma-informed, gender & sexuality affirming lens, my goal is to help you grow in love with yourself and your people. You are deserving of your love, and contentment and joy in your relationships is absolutely attainable.
(612) 268-6717 View (612) 268-6717
Photo of Maris Gilbert, Marriage & Family Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Maris Gilbert
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55407
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 20 years experience working with individuals and families. Creativity/art therapy is an option to support healing, insights, experiences and growth and to address issues including emotional regulation, developmental concerns, depression, anxiety, anger, parenting, attachment, family transitions, trauma, and grief.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with over 20 years experience working with individuals and families. Creativity/art therapy is an option to support healing, insights, experiences and growth and to address issues including emotional regulation, developmental concerns, depression, anxiety, anger, parenting, attachment, family transitions, trauma, and grief.
(612) 360-2486 View (612) 360-2486
Photo of Paul Samuel Schuster, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Paul Samuel Schuster
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MBC, MSW, LGSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55408
Rely on me to help you leave each session feeling accepted and understood. Whatever your hope, the immediate—and often central—aim of therapy is that you feel seen, heard, and appreciated. Perhaps you seek relief from a specific symptom, help addressing a particular diagnosis, or support enduring a difficult time. Maybe you are struggling with low self-esteem, questions of purpose or identity, or with a vague sense of emptiness or disquiet. Or, you may seek couples therapy to reduce the frequency and intensity of fights, resolve thorny issues, or rebuild after a breach of trust.
Rely on me to help you leave each session feeling accepted and understood. Whatever your hope, the immediate—and often central—aim of therapy is that you feel seen, heard, and appreciated. Perhaps you seek relief from a specific symptom, help addressing a particular diagnosis, or support enduring a difficult time. Maybe you are struggling with low self-esteem, questions of purpose or identity, or with a vague sense of emptiness or disquiet. Or, you may seek couples therapy to reduce the frequency and intensity of fights, resolve thorny issues, or rebuild after a breach of trust.
(612) 429-4932 View (612) 429-4932
Photo of Sandra S Smith-Hanen, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
Sandra S Smith-Hanen
Psychologist, EdD, LP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55406
Psychotherapy is a collaborative treatment based on the relationship between you and Dr. Sandra Smith-Hanen. Dr. Sandra will help you to navigate life’s challenges in a supportive environment. It is her goal to help you to verbalize openly in a nonjudgmental atmosphere. Together you will work collaboratively to determine, adapt and develop a new mindset and behavioral actions to help you develop the needs and goals you want.
Psychotherapy is a collaborative treatment based on the relationship between you and Dr. Sandra Smith-Hanen. Dr. Sandra will help you to navigate life’s challenges in a supportive environment. It is her goal to help you to verbalize openly in a nonjudgmental atmosphere. Together you will work collaboratively to determine, adapt and develop a new mindset and behavioral actions to help you develop the needs and goals you want.
(612) 688-3357 View (612) 688-3357
Photo of Leigh Frndak, Marriage & Family Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Leigh Frndak
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55419
Not accepting new clients
I consider it a privilege to walk alongside people as they journey through life's circumstances. Whether the journey involves a relationship with a family member, a partner, or even the relationship you have with yourself; I am passionate about helping you find fulfillment in life through the quality of your relationships. I believe that healthy relationships offer people more freedom.
I consider it a privilege to walk alongside people as they journey through life's circumstances. Whether the journey involves a relationship with a family member, a partner, or even the relationship you have with yourself; I am passionate about helping you find fulfillment in life through the quality of your relationships. I believe that healthy relationships offer people more freedom.
(612) 712-5261 x100 View (612) 712-5261 x100
Photo of Awele Eneanya, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Awele Eneanya
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55401
Limited Availability. As a psychotherapist, I take time to get to know you and how your background and experiences relate to what you would like to work through. I use a collaborative approach to get a clearer understanding of your thought processes, behaviors and experiences. I believe therapy can provide an open space where you feel accepted, safe, and comfortable to talk through your concerns and needs. I specialize in working with individuals from different cultures, 1st/2nd generation Americans, young adult females, exploration of personal identity and cultural differences, boundary setting, and high achieving individuals.
Limited Availability. As a psychotherapist, I take time to get to know you and how your background and experiences relate to what you would like to work through. I use a collaborative approach to get a clearer understanding of your thought processes, behaviors and experiences. I believe therapy can provide an open space where you feel accepted, safe, and comfortable to talk through your concerns and needs. I specialize in working with individuals from different cultures, 1st/2nd generation Americans, young adult females, exploration of personal identity and cultural differences, boundary setting, and high achieving individuals.
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Photo of Kerry Anderson, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
Kerry Anderson
Psychologist, MA, LP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55403  (Online Only)
I have been in the field of mental health for 30 plus years. My primary specialties include anxiety, depression, and post-partum concerns, which is why I have developed a practice in collaboration with Catalyst Mental Health that is exclusively focused on telehealth. However, I am also trained in EMDR, Internal Family Systems, Love and Logic Parenting, and I have expertise in chemical dependency as well. I work with individual adults, couples, adolescents.
I have been in the field of mental health for 30 plus years. My primary specialties include anxiety, depression, and post-partum concerns, which is why I have developed a practice in collaboration with Catalyst Mental Health that is exclusively focused on telehealth. However, I am also trained in EMDR, Internal Family Systems, Love and Logic Parenting, and I have expertise in chemical dependency as well. I work with individual adults, couples, adolescents.
(612) 324-4925 x743 View (612) 324-4925 x743
Photo of Jason Kell, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Jason Kell
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55413
I’ve received my Masters Degree in Mental Health Counseling at Denver Seminary, and practice as a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC). I specializes in therapies that work towards the healing of people who have experienced trauma and other stress-related disorders. I’m fully trained as an EMDR (Eye-Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing) therapist. Moreover, I have completed the Somatic Experiencing (Beginning I, II & III) training modules through the SE Trauma Institute focused on healing and restoration.
I’ve received my Masters Degree in Mental Health Counseling at Denver Seminary, and practice as a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC). I specializes in therapies that work towards the healing of people who have experienced trauma and other stress-related disorders. I’m fully trained as an EMDR (Eye-Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing) therapist. Moreover, I have completed the Somatic Experiencing (Beginning I, II & III) training modules through the SE Trauma Institute focused on healing and restoration.
(763) 878-7568 View (763) 878-7568
Photo of Melissa Turgeon, Art Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Melissa Turgeon
Art Therapist, MPS, LPC, ATR-BC, CCLS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55407  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My respectful and compassionate approach blends trauma-informed care, creative arts, somatic awareness, mindfulness, and traditional talk therapy. I specialize in working with trauma, disassociation, chronic illness, grief and loss, post-partum, life changes, depression/anxiety, ADHD, gender identity, child development, parenting coaching, and individuals looking to understand themselves through a compassionate lens.
My respectful and compassionate approach blends trauma-informed care, creative arts, somatic awareness, mindfulness, and traditional talk therapy. I specialize in working with trauma, disassociation, chronic illness, grief and loss, post-partum, life changes, depression/anxiety, ADHD, gender identity, child development, parenting coaching, and individuals looking to understand themselves through a compassionate lens.
(612) 261-1719 View (612) 261-1719
Photo of Melanie Ikola, Marriage & Family Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Melanie Ikola
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55413
I believe that building an authentic relationship with each client is one of the first steps in moving towards peace, hope, and healing. As we seek to understand ourselves and the patterns of distress, conflict, or confusion we fall into, taking space to explore our strengths and connections is an important step in building a foundation for how we want to move through our world. I value creating a non-judgmental space for each individual, couple, or family to identify their goals and work together to reflect and acquire the necessary tools to begin to feel whole.
I believe that building an authentic relationship with each client is one of the first steps in moving towards peace, hope, and healing. As we seek to understand ourselves and the patterns of distress, conflict, or confusion we fall into, taking space to explore our strengths and connections is an important step in building a foundation for how we want to move through our world. I value creating a non-judgmental space for each individual, couple, or family to identify their goals and work together to reflect and acquire the necessary tools to begin to feel whole.
(612) 688-2284 View (612) 688-2284
Photo of The Mood & Sleep Clinic, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
The Mood & Sleep Clinic
Psychologist, PsyD, LP, CBSM, DBSM
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55416  (Online Only)
Poor sleep and stressed moods are common. Finding effective treatment should not be an added challenge. I specialize in behavioral sleep medicine, psychological trauma, anxiety, and depression. I rely on evidence-based treatments that include CBT-I, CBT, EMDR, and A.R.T. (Accelerated Resolution Therapy) and work collaboratively to develop a plan for my client's success.
Poor sleep and stressed moods are common. Finding effective treatment should not be an added challenge. I specialize in behavioral sleep medicine, psychological trauma, anxiety, and depression. I rely on evidence-based treatments that include CBT-I, CBT, EMDR, and A.R.T. (Accelerated Resolution Therapy) and work collaboratively to develop a plan for my client's success.
(507) 410-5559 View (507) 410-5559
Photo of Alex Montes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Alex Montes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, SEP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55407
You are wanting to know what it's like to trust yourself and others more, have satisfying, loving and reciprocal relationships. You are wanting to care for hurts, trauma, generational trauma/patterns, and feel like you are in your body in a safe way. That you have more awareness of your fight/flight/freeze patterns. You want to feel connected, explore and feel grounded in your racial, cultural identity and queerness with someone who understands social/historical oppression and ancestral resilience. You want to repair your relationship with food and your body. You want to find wholeness and aliveness in the here and now.
You are wanting to know what it's like to trust yourself and others more, have satisfying, loving and reciprocal relationships. You are wanting to care for hurts, trauma, generational trauma/patterns, and feel like you are in your body in a safe way. That you have more awareness of your fight/flight/freeze patterns. You want to feel connected, explore and feel grounded in your racial, cultural identity and queerness with someone who understands social/historical oppression and ancestral resilience. You want to repair your relationship with food and your body. You want to find wholeness and aliveness in the here and now.
(612) 887-9120 View (612) 887-9120
Photo of Christy Rushfeldt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Christy Rushfeldt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LADC
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55415
Waitlist for new clients
I'm a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (21952) and Licensed Alcohol and Drug Counselor (303042). I work from a trauma aware, person centered, sex positive and harm reduction based perspective. I am queer identified and use she, her and hers pronouns. If you've found my profile, welcome and I look forward to learning more about you. Most of my experience is in working with people with a history of traumatic experiences, people who want to discuss/potentially make changes to their substance use, LGBTQIA + people and people living with or impacted by HIV.
I'm a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (21952) and Licensed Alcohol and Drug Counselor (303042). I work from a trauma aware, person centered, sex positive and harm reduction based perspective. I am queer identified and use she, her and hers pronouns. If you've found my profile, welcome and I look forward to learning more about you. Most of my experience is in working with people with a history of traumatic experiences, people who want to discuss/potentially make changes to their substance use, LGBTQIA + people and people living with or impacted by HIV.
(612) 260-5702 View (612) 260-5702
Photo of Luke Yost, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Luke Yost
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55401
A client who is facing any life transition, whether it be parenting, identity concerns, career concerns, new relationships, or relationship milestones, growing into adulthood, or gender identity. Client's needs could be based on these life transitions, and also the surrounding symptoms concerning mood, anxiety, stress, and conflict. Client's hope to better themselves in their own growth in identity, stress management, relationships, career, family, and life. Client's also hope to understand symptomatic features and shape that understanding into values and committed driven action.
A client who is facing any life transition, whether it be parenting, identity concerns, career concerns, new relationships, or relationship milestones, growing into adulthood, or gender identity. Client's needs could be based on these life transitions, and also the surrounding symptoms concerning mood, anxiety, stress, and conflict. Client's hope to better themselves in their own growth in identity, stress management, relationships, career, family, and life. Client's also hope to understand symptomatic features and shape that understanding into values and committed driven action.
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Photo of Reviving Roots Therapy & Wellness, Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Reviving Roots Therapy & Wellness
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55403
Our ideal client seeks a holistic approach to healing, navigating trauma, stress, and societal pressures. They desire wellness practices that honor their cultural identity, aiming for peace, resilience, and self-discovery. At Reviving Roots, they find a community and strategies rooted in a deep understanding of the Black experience, seeking to thrive mentally, physically, and spiritually.
Our ideal client seeks a holistic approach to healing, navigating trauma, stress, and societal pressures. They desire wellness practices that honor their cultural identity, aiming for peace, resilience, and self-discovery. At Reviving Roots, they find a community and strategies rooted in a deep understanding of the Black experience, seeking to thrive mentally, physically, and spiritually.
(612) 712-9135 View (612) 712-9135
Photo of Anna Goldsmith, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Anna Goldsmith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55403
Whether that help is with your relationship, life transitions, family, parenting, or yourself I am here to help you make sense of it all. I am passionate about helping adults & couples navigate mental health concerns and life stressors including sexual health, intimacy, self-worth, and attachment. I work with couples to build communication skills and bring true intentions to light. I have experience working through past traumas, anxiety, depression, and a variety of mental health concerns.
Whether that help is with your relationship, life transitions, family, parenting, or yourself I am here to help you make sense of it all. I am passionate about helping adults & couples navigate mental health concerns and life stressors including sexual health, intimacy, self-worth, and attachment. I work with couples to build communication skills and bring true intentions to light. I have experience working through past traumas, anxiety, depression, and a variety of mental health concerns.
(612) 448-3639 View (612) 448-3639
Photo of Amanda McGovern, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
Amanda McGovern
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55426
I'm a licensed clinical psychologist who specializes in evidence-based psychotherapy for adolescents, adults, couples and families. I have an expertise in evaluating and treating anxiety, depression, trauma, current life stressors and transitions, grief, loss, and relationship difficulties. I also have specialized training and experience in working with mental health issues across the female lifecycle, chronic illness, and pain. Before moving to Minnesota, I served as faculty at Weill Cornell Medical Center and Columbia University Medical Center in New York and Case Western School of Medicine in Cleveland, Ohio.
I'm a licensed clinical psychologist who specializes in evidence-based psychotherapy for adolescents, adults, couples and families. I have an expertise in evaluating and treating anxiety, depression, trauma, current life stressors and transitions, grief, loss, and relationship difficulties. I also have specialized training and experience in working with mental health issues across the female lifecycle, chronic illness, and pain. Before moving to Minnesota, I served as faculty at Weill Cornell Medical Center and Columbia University Medical Center in New York and Case Western School of Medicine in Cleveland, Ohio.
(612) 255-9267 View (612) 255-9267
Photo of Elaine J Moore, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
Elaine J Moore
Psychologist, MA, LP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55403
Not accepting new clients
As a licensed psychologist I have over 25 years working with couples, families, children, adolescents and individuals. I specialize in anxiety disorders, depression and trauma. I furthermore have extensive experience working with chronic illnesses including MS, Lupus, Chronic Fatigue, Fibromyalgia, COPD, diabetes and Lyme disease. I love working with couples, with complex issues. I value working with DEI concerns for BIPOC people. My work is client centered with a focus on the client's strengths and competencies in the world. My approach is creative and intuitive, with a strong foundation in scientific theory.
As a licensed psychologist I have over 25 years working with couples, families, children, adolescents and individuals. I specialize in anxiety disorders, depression and trauma. I furthermore have extensive experience working with chronic illnesses including MS, Lupus, Chronic Fatigue, Fibromyalgia, COPD, diabetes and Lyme disease. I love working with couples, with complex issues. I value working with DEI concerns for BIPOC people. My work is client centered with a focus on the client's strengths and competencies in the world. My approach is creative and intuitive, with a strong foundation in scientific theory.
(612) 294-8370 View (612) 294-8370

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

1,000+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Minneapolis, MN who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
64% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% BlueCross and BlueShield
71% UCare
67% Aetna

How Therapists in Minneapolis, MN see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
21% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Minneapolis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.