Therapists in Maplewood, MN

Photo of Sam Weaver, LGSW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Sam Weaver
Pre-Licensed Professional, LGSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Maplewood, MN 55109
Feeling different from the norm can bring both empowerment and challenge. Defying expectations around who you are or what you believe can be liberating and it can also be tough and exhausting. As a fat, queer, and disabled white woman with an anti-oppressive trauma lens, I am committed to offering an affirming and compassionate therapy space where you can bring your whole self. We can talk honestly about what might be wrong, hard, out of balance, or unjust, because in this space there is nothing “wrong” with you or who you are.
Feeling different from the norm can bring both empowerment and challenge. Defying expectations around who you are or what you believe can be liberating and it can also be tough and exhausting. As a fat, queer, and disabled white woman with an anti-oppressive trauma lens, I am committed to offering an affirming and compassionate therapy space where you can bring your whole self. We can talk honestly about what might be wrong, hard, out of balance, or unjust, because in this space there is nothing “wrong” with you or who you are.
(763) 363-5912 View (763) 363-5912
Photo of Kristin Wanhala, MSW, LGSW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Kristin Wanhala
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, LGSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Maplewood, MN 55109
I am passionate about helping my clients move from surviving to thriving. I work hard to create an atmosphere of balance and self-acceptance. I specialize in working with 16-65 year olds.
I am passionate about helping my clients move from surviving to thriving. I work hard to create an atmosphere of balance and self-acceptance. I specialize in working with 16-65 year olds.
(651) 314-6568 View (651) 314-6568
Photo of Nicole Ward, PsyD, LP, Psychologist
Nicole Ward
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Maplewood, MN 55109
Nicole Ward, Psy.D., is a compassionate and experienced psychologist serving patients across Minnesota through her practice at LifeStance Health. Dr. Ward specializes in providing comprehensive care for individuals navigating a range of mental health concerns, including anxiety, depression, and trauma. She works with children, teens, adults, and seniors, tailoring her approach to meet the unique needs of each age group. Her commitment to fostering a supportive and nonjudgmental environment allows her clients to feel heard and empowered on their journey toward emotional well-being.
Nicole Ward, Psy.D., is a compassionate and experienced psychologist serving patients across Minnesota through her practice at LifeStance Health. Dr. Ward specializes in providing comprehensive care for individuals navigating a range of mental health concerns, including anxiety, depression, and trauma. She works with children, teens, adults, and seniors, tailoring her approach to meet the unique needs of each age group. Her commitment to fostering a supportive and nonjudgmental environment allows her clients to feel heard and empowered on their journey toward emotional well-being.
(651) 867-6924 View (651) 867-6924
Photo of Christine Schuster, PsyD, LP, Psychologist
Christine Schuster
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Maplewood, MN 55109
Dr. Christine Schuster is an experienced clinical psychologist with a diverse background in providing assessments across various settings. She holds a bachelor’s degree from the University of Minnesota and a doctoral degree in Clinical Psychology from Argosy University/Minnesota School of Professional Psychology. With over 20 years of experience, she has demonstrated her expertise in addressing the mental health needs of individuals of all ages. Prior to her current endeavors, Dr.
Dr. Christine Schuster is an experienced clinical psychologist with a diverse background in providing assessments across various settings. She holds a bachelor’s degree from the University of Minnesota and a doctoral degree in Clinical Psychology from Argosy University/Minnesota School of Professional Psychology. With over 20 years of experience, she has demonstrated her expertise in addressing the mental health needs of individuals of all ages. Prior to her current endeavors, Dr.
(651) 477-9948 View (651) 477-9948
Photo of Madeleine Jolie Kopp, Pre-Licensed Professional
Madeleine Jolie Kopp
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Maplewood, MN 55109
Madeleine works with adolescents and young adults facing an array of challenges, including, but not limited to, life transitions, trauma, grief and loss, interpersonal conflict, SI/SH, depression, and anxiety.
Madeleine works with adolescents and young adults facing an array of challenges, including, but not limited to, life transitions, trauma, grief and loss, interpersonal conflict, SI/SH, depression, and anxiety.
(651) 615-3561 View (651) 615-3561
Photo of Rosemary D Kliever, MA
Rosemary D Kliever
MA
Verified Verified
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Though I enjoy working with a diverse group of clients with many issues such as depression, anxiety, self esteem and "relationship issues with self and others"; I specialize by working with women to help them develop "empowerment tools". I do this to help my clients gain self esteem and a sense of self worth that may have gotten lost along the way through life. I have a strong background with cognitive behavioral therapy. My clients appreciate my "down to earth" colaborative approach to therapy. I have 14 years of experience helping my clients get "reconnected" with their "true self".
Though I enjoy working with a diverse group of clients with many issues such as depression, anxiety, self esteem and "relationship issues with self and others"; I specialize by working with women to help them develop "empowerment tools". I do this to help my clients gain self esteem and a sense of self worth that may have gotten lost along the way through life. I have a strong background with cognitive behavioral therapy. My clients appreciate my "down to earth" colaborative approach to therapy. I have 14 years of experience helping my clients get "reconnected" with their "true self".
(952) 314-3977 View (952) 314-3977
Photo of Justin Levy, MSW, LGSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Justin Levy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LGSW
Verified Verified
Maplewood, MN 55109
I enjoy working with clients, individually or relationally, specifically around themes of anxiety, depression, attachment, body image, identity exploration and development, along with boundary development, communication and masculinity. You'll often hear me start session with the question, "Where are we headed today?". The goal here is that you are the driver, and I'm in the passenger seat looking at the map.
I enjoy working with clients, individually or relationally, specifically around themes of anxiety, depression, attachment, body image, identity exploration and development, along with boundary development, communication and masculinity. You'll often hear me start session with the question, "Where are we headed today?". The goal here is that you are the driver, and I'm in the passenger seat looking at the map.
(651) 409-6054 View (651) 409-6054
Photo of Dan Hinderaker, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dan Hinderaker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Maplewood, MN 55109
Hello! As a psychotherapist, I will strive to connect with you, support you, and help you identify and achieve your goals. Therapy can be as simple as learning new tools, or it can be a more complex and deeper process. For example, anxiety and depression can be indicators of deeper wounds or that a person has gone off course in some way. In either case, working with me is a dance between treating problems and building on strengths. Whatever the nature of your therapy, I believe everyone has the power to heal, grow, and reach their full potential emotionally, intellectually and physically.
Hello! As a psychotherapist, I will strive to connect with you, support you, and help you identify and achieve your goals. Therapy can be as simple as learning new tools, or it can be a more complex and deeper process. For example, anxiety and depression can be indicators of deeper wounds or that a person has gone off course in some way. In either case, working with me is a dance between treating problems and building on strengths. Whatever the nature of your therapy, I believe everyone has the power to heal, grow, and reach their full potential emotionally, intellectually and physically.
(651) 571-4841 View (651) 571-4841
Photo of Drew Nelson, MA, LPCC, Counselor
Drew Nelson
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Maplewood, MN 55109
Drew is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and Licensed Alcohol and Drug Counselor. He graduated from Saint Mary's University of Minnesota with a Master of Arts Degree in Counseling and Psychological Services, and a Graduate Certificate in Addiction Studies. Drew uses an integrative style drawing from cognitive-behavioral therapy, solution-focused and strengths-based techniques, as well as existential approaches to facilitate growth within his clients.
Drew is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and Licensed Alcohol and Drug Counselor. He graduated from Saint Mary's University of Minnesota with a Master of Arts Degree in Counseling and Psychological Services, and a Graduate Certificate in Addiction Studies. Drew uses an integrative style drawing from cognitive-behavioral therapy, solution-focused and strengths-based techniques, as well as existential approaches to facilitate growth within his clients.
(651) 800-9699 View (651) 800-9699
Photo of Antonio Brown, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Antonio Brown
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Maplewood, MN 55109
I am here to tell you that seeking help and guidance regarding your mental and emotional health is okay. As a Bi-Racial Black and Mexican, Heterosexual, male, who grew up in a multicultural home, I understand the many barriers and stigmas associated with seeking mental health treatment. I had to challenge many of those cultural barriers, giving me a unique life experience and the ability to offer insight and perspective to those facing similar circumstances.
I am here to tell you that seeking help and guidance regarding your mental and emotional health is okay. As a Bi-Racial Black and Mexican, Heterosexual, male, who grew up in a multicultural home, I understand the many barriers and stigmas associated with seeking mental health treatment. I had to challenge many of those cultural barriers, giving me a unique life experience and the ability to offer insight and perspective to those facing similar circumstances.
(651) 615-2952 View (651) 615-2952
Photo of Jessica Levine, MHA, MSW, LGSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jessica Levine
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MHA, MSW, LGSW
Verified Verified
Maplewood, MN 55109
I provide therapy to adults and teens experiencing conflicts, challenges, or discontent. I meet with people in person or virtually. I strive to create a safe environment for people who have experienced various forms of trauma and people from diverse backgrounds, including people from groups who often experience discrimination.
I provide therapy to adults and teens experiencing conflicts, challenges, or discontent. I meet with people in person or virtually. I strive to create a safe environment for people who have experienced various forms of trauma and people from diverse backgrounds, including people from groups who often experience discrimination.
(651) 372-3271 View (651) 372-3271
Photo of Emily Bade, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Emily Bade
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Maplewood, MN 55117
Most of us experience barriers at one time or another, be it trauma, loss, depression, anxiety, or another challenge. Therapy is a place to unpack our experiences, understand the meaning we’ve made, heal and grow. I see myself as a partner and guide in helping clients improve their lives and overcome challenges. I practice from a systems and attachment perspective, believing that we are interconnected with those around us, and impacted by greater societal forces daily. I believe we are all seeking connection, to be known, to be loved and understood.
Most of us experience barriers at one time or another, be it trauma, loss, depression, anxiety, or another challenge. Therapy is a place to unpack our experiences, understand the meaning we’ve made, heal and grow. I see myself as a partner and guide in helping clients improve their lives and overcome challenges. I practice from a systems and attachment perspective, believing that we are interconnected with those around us, and impacted by greater societal forces daily. I believe we are all seeking connection, to be known, to be loved and understood.
(651) 615-3367 View (651) 615-3367
Photo of Thomas E Kelly, PsyD, LP, Psychologist
Thomas E Kelly
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Maplewood, MN 55109
I am a Licensed Psychologist and Licensed Professional Counselor with 37 years of experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. My training and practice developmental path as a Clinical Psychologist has evolved in some very distinct and unique directions over the course of my career, much like the many unique developmental paths – sometime divergent, sometimes related, always connected - of the individuals I have had the privilege to serve. I especially enjoy working with individuals navigating life transition circumstances filled with both challenges and opportunities - whether a child, teen, or adult.
I am a Licensed Psychologist and Licensed Professional Counselor with 37 years of experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. My training and practice developmental path as a Clinical Psychologist has evolved in some very distinct and unique directions over the course of my career, much like the many unique developmental paths – sometime divergent, sometimes related, always connected - of the individuals I have had the privilege to serve. I especially enjoy working with individuals navigating life transition circumstances filled with both challenges and opportunities - whether a child, teen, or adult.
(651) 427-1643 View (651) 427-1643
Photo of Clayton D Sankey - Clayton D Sankey LICSW LLC, MSW, LICSW, BCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Clayton D Sankey LICSW LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, BCD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Maplewood, MN 55109
Throughout my career the hallmark of my practice has been that I work with difficult and complex issues. I am currently helping people ranging in age from ten to 80 years old. My strengths are discernment, empathy and responsiveness and my treatment is based on whole life developmental theories and strength focused crisis management. I specialize in treating oppositional, defiant kids and their families, and adults facing overwhelming emotional conflict and relational situations. If you wish, I will work closely with your family physician, psychiatrist, school personnel, minister, or family members.
Throughout my career the hallmark of my practice has been that I work with difficult and complex issues. I am currently helping people ranging in age from ten to 80 years old. My strengths are discernment, empathy and responsiveness and my treatment is based on whole life developmental theories and strength focused crisis management. I specialize in treating oppositional, defiant kids and their families, and adults facing overwhelming emotional conflict and relational situations. If you wish, I will work closely with your family physician, psychiatrist, school personnel, minister, or family members.
(651) 252-1950 View (651) 252-1950
Photo of Nicole Young, LPCC, CEAP, Counselor
Nicole Young
Counselor, LPCC, CEAP
Verified Verified
Maplewood, MN 55109
Not accepting new clients
My approach is collaborative and supportive, using a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy, mindful self-acceptance, dialectical behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and trauma informed therapy practices.
My approach is collaborative and supportive, using a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy, mindful self-acceptance, dialectical behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and trauma informed therapy practices.
(651) 378-0012 View (651) 378-0012
Photo of Megan Christina Eiselt - PrairieCare - Maplewood, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
PrairieCare - Maplewood
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Maplewood, MN 55109
PrairieCare provides each patient with the psychiatric care truly needed with specialized psychiatric services for people of all ages. We offer a full continuum of care throughout Minnesota. Our services include inpatient hospitalization for ages 35 and younger, focusing on safety and stabilization for acute health and safety concerns. A residential treatment program for ages 10 to 18, with an average length of stay between two and four months, to help young people with complex or severe symptoms. Partial Hospitalization Programs (PHPs) and Intensive Outpatient Programs (IOPs) offer a partial and full-day treatment schedule, including individual and group therapy, and medication management. Clinic services provide weekly psychotherapy, psychiatry, medication management, and evaluation. We also have specialized programs including Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), a Perinatal & Maternal Mental Health Program, and Health Eating and Living (HEaL) for teens with disordered eating.
PrairieCare provides each patient with the psychiatric care truly needed with specialized psychiatric services for people of all ages. We offer a full continuum of care throughout Minnesota. Our services include inpatient hospitalization for ages 35 and younger, focusing on safety and stabilization for acute health and safety concerns. A residential treatment program for ages 10 to 18, with an average length of stay between two and four months, to help young people with complex or severe symptoms. Partial Hospitalization Programs (PHPs) and Intensive Outpatient Programs (IOPs) offer a partial and full-day treatment schedule, including individual and group therapy, and medication management. Clinic services provide weekly psychotherapy, psychiatry, medication management, and evaluation. We also have specialized programs including Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), a Perinatal & Maternal Mental Health Program, and Health Eating and Living (HEaL) for teens with disordered eating.
(651) 899-7658 View (651) 899-7658
Photo of Curt Folkestad, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Curt Folkestad
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Curt completed his Master's Degree in Marriage and Family Therapy at Saint Mary's University, and is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist through the state of Minnesota. He enjoys working with children, adolescents, and adults individually or in a family setting. Curt has experience working with individuals and families in many settings including community, school, home, and outpatient services. He has also received additional training and is certified in providing Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT).
Curt completed his Master's Degree in Marriage and Family Therapy at Saint Mary's University, and is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist through the state of Minnesota. He enjoys working with children, adolescents, and adults individually or in a family setting. Curt has experience working with individuals and families in many settings including community, school, home, and outpatient services. He has also received additional training and is certified in providing Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT).
(651) 538-2436 View (651) 538-2436
Photo of Crystal Jundt, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Crystal Jundt
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Maplewood, MN 55109
Dr. CJ is an Integrative, Holistic Psychotherapist. She graduated from Argosy University with a Doctorate in Marriage & Family therapy, and is also licensed in Marriage & Family therapy. Dr. CJ believes in honoring and healing the magnificence and wholeness of each individual through a biopsychosocialspiritual approach to integrated health and wellness, collaborating with and guiding her clients to navigate situations on the path of life they have chosen to explore. Dr. CJ is certified in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Family Systems Trauma Therapy, Biofeedback, and Integrative Functional Nutrition.
Dr. CJ is an Integrative, Holistic Psychotherapist. She graduated from Argosy University with a Doctorate in Marriage & Family therapy, and is also licensed in Marriage & Family therapy. Dr. CJ believes in honoring and healing the magnificence and wholeness of each individual through a biopsychosocialspiritual approach to integrated health and wellness, collaborating with and guiding her clients to navigate situations on the path of life they have chosen to explore. Dr. CJ is certified in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Family Systems Trauma Therapy, Biofeedback, and Integrative Functional Nutrition.
(651) 372-8412 View (651) 372-8412
Photo of Tim Scott, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tim Scott
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Maplewood, MN 55109
My name is Tim Scott and I'm the co-founder of NorthEast Counseling in Maplewood, Mn. I'm experienced, empathetic, and committed to your well-being. When you're facing an emotional hurdle - grief, loneliness, fear or anxiety it can be paralyzing. Many people have the sense that they're not good enough, are undeserving of happiness or are unlovable. You deserve to have a fulfilling life. Therapy is a process and the outcome is dependent on a collaborative effort between both the client and therapist. Reaching your potential emotionally, physically and intellectually is possible, and I can help.
My name is Tim Scott and I'm the co-founder of NorthEast Counseling in Maplewood, Mn. I'm experienced, empathetic, and committed to your well-being. When you're facing an emotional hurdle - grief, loneliness, fear or anxiety it can be paralyzing. Many people have the sense that they're not good enough, are undeserving of happiness or are unlovable. You deserve to have a fulfilling life. Therapy is a process and the outcome is dependent on a collaborative effort between both the client and therapist. Reaching your potential emotionally, physically and intellectually is possible, and I can help.
(651) 565-7309 View (651) 565-7309
Photo of Joel Schirvar, PsyD, Psychologist
Joel Schirvar
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Maplewood, MN 55109
Dr. Joel Schirvar is a Pediatric Neuropsychologist in Minnesota who has been practicing since 1995. He completed a Two-Year Fellowship in Pediatric Neuropsychology at the University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Pediatric Neuropsychology Clinic, a Doctoral internship at Minneapolis Veterans Administration Medical Center, and a Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) in Clinical Psychology with Child and Family specialty from Minnesota School of Professional Psychology.
Dr. Joel Schirvar is a Pediatric Neuropsychologist in Minnesota who has been practicing since 1995. He completed a Two-Year Fellowship in Pediatric Neuropsychology at the University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Pediatric Neuropsychology Clinic, a Doctoral internship at Minneapolis Veterans Administration Medical Center, and a Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) in Clinical Psychology with Child and Family specialty from Minnesota School of Professional Psychology.
(651) 383-1311 View (651) 383-1311
1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Maplewood, MN

60+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Maplewood, MN who prioritize treating:

88% Anxiety
87% Depression
76% Trauma and PTSD
63% Life Transitions
62% Relationship Issues
59% Self Esteem
57% Grief

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

98% BlueCross and BlueShield
90% UCare
82% HealthPartners of MN and WI

How Therapists in Maplewood, MN see their clients

83% In Person and Online
17% Online Only

Gender breakdown

71% Female
28% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Maplewood?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.