Therapists in Acton, MA

Photo of Kate Imhoff, Counselor in Acton, MA
Kate Imhoff
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Acton, MA 01720
Waitlist for new clients
With over 20 years of experience in the field of helping others, I have learned that making a genuine connection with people is the best way in which to begin the work of therapy. One of the most important skills I have to offer is to carefully and compassionately listen to what you have to say. We then go from there; when you are ready, we begin to look at how to change.
With over 20 years of experience in the field of helping others, I have learned that making a genuine connection with people is the best way in which to begin the work of therapy. One of the most important skills I have to offer is to carefully and compassionately listen to what you have to say. We then go from there; when you are ready, we begin to look at how to change.
(978) 965-4836 View (978) 965-4836
Photo of Jonathan Farr, Counselor in Acton, MA
Jonathan Farr
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Acton, MA 01720
Not accepting new clients
Each of us has many parts that work with our core selves to make decisions, develop beliefs, and experience life. If you're struggling to find internal harmony, I can help. We will examine your thoughts, feelings, wants, and needs-- and then explore ways you can make the changes you want. Because so much in this world is vying for your attention, my job is to help you listen to yourself.
Each of us has many parts that work with our core selves to make decisions, develop beliefs, and experience life. If you're struggling to find internal harmony, I can help. We will examine your thoughts, feelings, wants, and needs-- and then explore ways you can make the changes you want. Because so much in this world is vying for your attention, my job is to help you listen to yourself.
(617) 977-5191 View (617) 977-5191
Photo of Jamie Chiarelli, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Acton, MA
Jamie Chiarelli
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01720
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! I have experience working with people of all ages who have found themselves faced with anxiety, depression, traumatic experiences, life transition and stress, parenting challenges, social and relationship issues, and feeling stuck in general. My approach is highly relational, warm, supportive and sprinkled with humor when appropriate. Our initial sessions will focus on building trust and using collaboration and curiosity as we develop a plan to address your concerns. I firmly believe that we all have inherent resources and strengths within us that can be tapped into to support the process of healing and growth.
Welcome! I have experience working with people of all ages who have found themselves faced with anxiety, depression, traumatic experiences, life transition and stress, parenting challenges, social and relationship issues, and feeling stuck in general. My approach is highly relational, warm, supportive and sprinkled with humor when appropriate. Our initial sessions will focus on building trust and using collaboration and curiosity as we develop a plan to address your concerns. I firmly believe that we all have inherent resources and strengths within us that can be tapped into to support the process of healing and growth.
(978) 581-6413 View (978) 581-6413
Photo of Julie Williams, Counselor in Acton, MA
Julie Williams
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01720
Not accepting new clients
~ NO OPENINGS ~ I feel extremely fortunate to have the opportunity to work with so many wonderful individuals, couples & families, and for them to trust me with the sensitive details of their lives!  My practice is designed to provide a warm, non-judgmental environment to safely explore unhelpful thoughts, feelings & behaviors which are getting in your way, and more importantly, focusing on strengths and positive traits which are the foundation for change.
~ NO OPENINGS ~ I feel extremely fortunate to have the opportunity to work with so many wonderful individuals, couples & families, and for them to trust me with the sensitive details of their lives!  My practice is designed to provide a warm, non-judgmental environment to safely explore unhelpful thoughts, feelings & behaviors which are getting in your way, and more importantly, focusing on strengths and positive traits which are the foundation for change.
(978) 631-2637 View (978) 631-2637
Photo of Megan Elizabeth Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Acton, MA
Megan Elizabeth Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01720  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My passion and dedication to the work is evident upon our first meeting. My positive energy stems from the belief that change is possible and I come to restore hope. I provide an open, compassionate and non judgmental space for my clients to explore their past and present lives. Collaboratively, we work together, at your pace, to obtain the goals that you identify. I believe that parenting is a journey that we undertake without a map and, at times, along the way, we all get lost. And, together, we can create a new path that feels good to you.
My passion and dedication to the work is evident upon our first meeting. My positive energy stems from the belief that change is possible and I come to restore hope. I provide an open, compassionate and non judgmental space for my clients to explore their past and present lives. Collaboratively, we work together, at your pace, to obtain the goals that you identify. I believe that parenting is a journey that we undertake without a map and, at times, along the way, we all get lost. And, together, we can create a new path that feels good to you.
(617) 340-7138 View (617) 340-7138
Photo of Alessia C Doss, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Acton, MA
Alessia C Doss
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01720  (Online Only)
Virtual Therapy Appointments, Only. My clients are typically between the ages of 18-35, navigating college or the beginning of their professional career. They often experience immense pressure around expectations they have set for themselves, or someone else has set for them. They may experience anxiety or depression and are eager to explore coping skills and treatment options. They are interested in identifying the ways in which their relationships, responsibilities, family culture and current life stage plays a role in how they function in the world around them.
Virtual Therapy Appointments, Only. My clients are typically between the ages of 18-35, navigating college or the beginning of their professional career. They often experience immense pressure around expectations they have set for themselves, or someone else has set for them. They may experience anxiety or depression and are eager to explore coping skills and treatment options. They are interested in identifying the ways in which their relationships, responsibilities, family culture and current life stage plays a role in how they function in the world around them.
(978) 231-9235 View (978) 231-9235
Photo of Joanne Kerr, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Acton, MA
Joanne Kerr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01720
Are anxiety, depression, stress, or relationship difficulties robbing you of the peace and contentment that you long for? Using empathy, finely honed listening skills, and drawing on years of clinical experience, I’d be happy to explore if we can work well together. My style is warm, and I value collaboration with clients, who are the experts in their own lives. We may focus on adding new skills, but I believe much of the success in therapy is about the relationship between client and therapist. Our relationship may be short term or longer, but above all my wish is to help you with the issue that brings you into the office.
Are anxiety, depression, stress, or relationship difficulties robbing you of the peace and contentment that you long for? Using empathy, finely honed listening skills, and drawing on years of clinical experience, I’d be happy to explore if we can work well together. My style is warm, and I value collaboration with clients, who are the experts in their own lives. We may focus on adding new skills, but I believe much of the success in therapy is about the relationship between client and therapist. Our relationship may be short term or longer, but above all my wish is to help you with the issue that brings you into the office.
(508) 471-3458 View (508) 471-3458
Photo of Holly Parker, Psychologist in Acton, MA
Holly Parker
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Acton, MA 01720  (Online Only)
If you yearn for a more fulfilling relationship, greater self-esteem, healing from the past, or a more enjoyable and purposeful life, it means you’re paying attention. There’s always room for growth. Perhaps you aspire to improve one aspect of your life or several areas. Maybe you feel discouraged and lost because you’ve worked hard to make things better and haven’t seen a difference, or you’re newly aware of the need for a shift in life and this is your first try; either is okay. Successful change doesn’t have to start with self-confidence or a plan. It just requires the willingness to reach out and not take the journey alone.
If you yearn for a more fulfilling relationship, greater self-esteem, healing from the past, or a more enjoyable and purposeful life, it means you’re paying attention. There’s always room for growth. Perhaps you aspire to improve one aspect of your life or several areas. Maybe you feel discouraged and lost because you’ve worked hard to make things better and haven’t seen a difference, or you’re newly aware of the need for a shift in life and this is your first try; either is okay. Successful change doesn’t have to start with self-confidence or a plan. It just requires the willingness to reach out and not take the journey alone.
(617) 674-1488 View (617) 674-1488
Photo of Lara Birk in Acton, MA
Lara Birk
PhD
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01720  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am a certified pain coach trained in Pain Reprocessing Therapy, the Curable curriculum on pain neuroscience, Emotional Awareness & Expression Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Health & Wellness Coaching, and Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction. I teach clients evidence-based tools emerging from cutting-edge pain neuroscience so that they can learn to calm their own nervous systems, and subsequently, their own pain. I know firsthand the profound healing power of mindbody medicine: after decades disempowered by pain, I got my life back, only better. I am here to help empower others so they too can reclaim lives of meaning & joy.
I am a certified pain coach trained in Pain Reprocessing Therapy, the Curable curriculum on pain neuroscience, Emotional Awareness & Expression Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Health & Wellness Coaching, and Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction. I teach clients evidence-based tools emerging from cutting-edge pain neuroscience so that they can learn to calm their own nervous systems, and subsequently, their own pain. I know firsthand the profound healing power of mindbody medicine: after decades disempowered by pain, I got my life back, only better. I am here to help empower others so they too can reclaim lives of meaning & joy.
(210) 934-4847 View (210) 934-4847
Photo of Sally Jane Sacks, Counselor in Acton, MA
Sally Jane Sacks
Counselor, MEd, LMHC
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01720  (Online Only)
My specialty is in teaching healthy communication skills to couples, and to help anyone to communicate more effectively. This comes from educating clients about how their past programming and particularly family systems affects them and can create defenses that cause obstacles in their lives. Through understanding one learns to accept all parts of themselves and set themselves free from unwanted emotions and behaviors. Communication improves and personal growth (higher emotional EQ) develops.
My specialty is in teaching healthy communication skills to couples, and to help anyone to communicate more effectively. This comes from educating clients about how their past programming and particularly family systems affects them and can create defenses that cause obstacles in their lives. Through understanding one learns to accept all parts of themselves and set themselves free from unwanted emotions and behaviors. Communication improves and personal growth (higher emotional EQ) develops.
(978) 735-2209 View (978) 735-2209
Photo of Emily Hogan, Marriage & Family Therapist in Acton, MA
Emily Hogan
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01720  (Online Only)
Hello! I’m glad you’re here. We all face challenges in life, and you are worth the support you're seeking. I am a unique fit for you if you identify as LGBTQIA+, chronically ill, or neurodivergent (these often overlap!). Perhaps you are here because you are facing medical trauma, new or ongoing disability, adult diagnosis of ADHD/autism, or concerns about sexuality/gender. If you would like support with trauma, I am fully EMDR trained. I am also a perinatal mental health specialist and can support you with issues ranging from infertility, complicated pregnancy, birth trauma, loss and grief, to postpartum concerns and new parenthood.
Hello! I’m glad you’re here. We all face challenges in life, and you are worth the support you're seeking. I am a unique fit for you if you identify as LGBTQIA+, chronically ill, or neurodivergent (these often overlap!). Perhaps you are here because you are facing medical trauma, new or ongoing disability, adult diagnosis of ADHD/autism, or concerns about sexuality/gender. If you would like support with trauma, I am fully EMDR trained. I am also a perinatal mental health specialist and can support you with issues ranging from infertility, complicated pregnancy, birth trauma, loss and grief, to postpartum concerns and new parenthood.
(978) 485-4824 View (978) 485-4824
Photo of Fred Gerhard, Psychologist in Acton, MA
Fred Gerhard
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01720
Online Webcam counseling, or In-Office counseling, my approach to helping people is to clearly understand each person's way of thinking, feeling, understanding, and living - their unique personal psychology - and to tailor an effective method of helping to the individual, their strengths and their needs. Much of my life's enjoyment comes from helping people live happier, more fulfilling lives. In working with me as your counselor or life coach, you can expect someone who listens with a caring and empathic attitude - someone who will provide expert and effective feedback to help you reach your goals for a satisfying and joyful life!
Online Webcam counseling, or In-Office counseling, my approach to helping people is to clearly understand each person's way of thinking, feeling, understanding, and living - their unique personal psychology - and to tailor an effective method of helping to the individual, their strengths and their needs. Much of my life's enjoyment comes from helping people live happier, more fulfilling lives. In working with me as your counselor or life coach, you can expect someone who listens with a caring and empathic attitude - someone who will provide expert and effective feedback to help you reach your goals for a satisfying and joyful life!
(978) 384-0996 View (978) 384-0996
Photo of Chelsea Walsh, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Acton, MA
Chelsea Walsh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01720  (Online Only)
Are you having a hard time figuring it all out? What you want, how to get there, or who you are? If you have big ideas that you’re having a hard time translating into daily life, you’ve come to the right place. I love working with adolescents and young adults who want to create a path towards their goals. I often work with people whose anxiety, depression, trauma, or behavioral struggles have held them back from being able to find the version of themself that they seek. If you know where you want to be but can’t get there or if you don’t even know who you want to be, let’s talk. Find out more here: www.ampersandcounselingma.com.
Are you having a hard time figuring it all out? What you want, how to get there, or who you are? If you have big ideas that you’re having a hard time translating into daily life, you’ve come to the right place. I love working with adolescents and young adults who want to create a path towards their goals. I often work with people whose anxiety, depression, trauma, or behavioral struggles have held them back from being able to find the version of themself that they seek. If you know where you want to be but can’t get there or if you don’t even know who you want to be, let’s talk. Find out more here: www.ampersandcounselingma.com.
(978) 295-2714 View (978) 295-2714
Photo of Julie Duffy, Counselor in Acton, MA
Julie Duffy
Counselor, LMT, LMHC, Art Tx
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01720  (Online Only)
Hi there, and good for you for reaching toward self-care. We are effectively the CEOs of the business of living and the farmers of the plot of being that is the self. Effectively managing our resources and learning to honor the natural rhythms and cycles of life is a cultivated skill. My goal as a practitioner is to support you to utilize your strengths and address your challenges. The most dynamic step we can take toward well-being is to ask for help and be open to collaboration.
Hi there, and good for you for reaching toward self-care. We are effectively the CEOs of the business of living and the farmers of the plot of being that is the self. Effectively managing our resources and learning to honor the natural rhythms and cycles of life is a cultivated skill. My goal as a practitioner is to support you to utilize your strengths and address your challenges. The most dynamic step we can take toward well-being is to ask for help and be open to collaboration.
(978) 354-5419 View (978) 354-5419
Photo of Katie Elizabeth Kelly, Counselor in Acton, MA
Katie Elizabeth Kelly
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01720  (Online Only)
NOW accepting new clients, including college students that are seeking short-term counseling during the summer months. I am an experienced licensed clinician that generally works with adolescents and adults. I have been trained in a wide variety of treatment approaches and use a collaborative approach to determine how to meet your particular needs. I am open to working with most mental health issues but I am looking for people that are motivated to change. For interested clients, I will use an integrative approach in which we talk about how food, exercise, and other lifestyle factors can impact your mental health.
NOW accepting new clients, including college students that are seeking short-term counseling during the summer months. I am an experienced licensed clinician that generally works with adolescents and adults. I have been trained in a wide variety of treatment approaches and use a collaborative approach to determine how to meet your particular needs. I am open to working with most mental health issues but I am looking for people that are motivated to change. For interested clients, I will use an integrative approach in which we talk about how food, exercise, and other lifestyle factors can impact your mental health.
(781) 443-8485 View (781) 443-8485
Photo of Lauren Sava, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Acton, MA
Lauren Sava
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MPH
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01720  (Online Only)
Has your child been struggling with anxiety, depression, or low self-esteem? Are you a parent needing help and support for your child, but struggling to find a therapist who is available and capable of helping your family? As a therapist in a group practice, I am happy to help you and your child through this difficult time. My area of speciality is working with children and adolescents utilizing a strengths-based, resiliency approach. Above all, I aim to support my clients in feeling affirmed in who they are. I prioritize building collaborative and trusting relationships with all my clients and their families.
Has your child been struggling with anxiety, depression, or low self-esteem? Are you a parent needing help and support for your child, but struggling to find a therapist who is available and capable of helping your family? As a therapist in a group practice, I am happy to help you and your child through this difficult time. My area of speciality is working with children and adolescents utilizing a strengths-based, resiliency approach. Above all, I aim to support my clients in feeling affirmed in who they are. I prioritize building collaborative and trusting relationships with all my clients and their families.
(978) 643-2863 View (978) 643-2863
Photo of Nicole Jean Larocque, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Acton, MA
Nicole Jean Larocque
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01720
I am a clinical social worker passionate about helping people find ways to their best selves. I provide a safe and supportive environment for the client in search of self-understanding. I believe people have the capacity to feel content, grateful and joyful but a lot of the time our preconceived notions of ourselves get in the way. Everyday I am amazed at people's resilience.
I am a clinical social worker passionate about helping people find ways to their best selves. I provide a safe and supportive environment for the client in search of self-understanding. I believe people have the capacity to feel content, grateful and joyful but a lot of the time our preconceived notions of ourselves get in the way. Everyday I am amazed at people's resilience.
(617) 826-1589 View (617) 826-1589
Photo of Heather Leonardo, Counselor in Acton, MA
Heather Leonardo
Counselor, LMHC, #6704
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01720
Not accepting new clients
It is never too early or late in life to seek growth and find healthier ways to manage life's struggles. Whether you are experiencing a life transition or would like support for a long-standing concern, I will partner with you in working towards your goals, and developing new ways of thinking and living with emotions. I see adolescents and adults with a wide-range of concerns, including depression, anxiety, trauma, perinatal mental health, and major life transitions. My particular specializations are dual diagnosis/co-occurring disorders, trauma, and mood disorders, and I am Level 1 trained in Sensorimotor Psychotherapy.
It is never too early or late in life to seek growth and find healthier ways to manage life's struggles. Whether you are experiencing a life transition or would like support for a long-standing concern, I will partner with you in working towards your goals, and developing new ways of thinking and living with emotions. I see adolescents and adults with a wide-range of concerns, including depression, anxiety, trauma, perinatal mental health, and major life transitions. My particular specializations are dual diagnosis/co-occurring disorders, trauma, and mood disorders, and I am Level 1 trained in Sensorimotor Psychotherapy.
(978) 849-3081 View (978) 849-3081
Photo of Sean Witty, Pre-Licensed Professional in Acton, MA
Sean Witty
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, MTS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Acton, MA 01720
I help adults, adolescents, and couples address a variety of difficulties using evidence-based approaches and drawing on decades of experience with individuals and groups coping with symptoms associated with depression, anxiety, trauma, relational conflict, addictions, ADHD, men's issues, and grief.
I help adults, adolescents, and couples address a variety of difficulties using evidence-based approaches and drawing on decades of experience with individuals and groups coping with symptoms associated with depression, anxiety, trauma, relational conflict, addictions, ADHD, men's issues, and grief.
View
Photo of Bengisu Yanmaz in Acton, MA
Bengisu Yanmaz
LMHC
Verified Verified
Acton, MA 01718  (Online Only)
Accepting new clients! We all go through phases in life. Some days are sunny and some others with a lot of rain and storm. Anxiety, depression,life transitions,pre-postpartum anxiety&depression, difficulty focusing, and relationship problems with loved ones and/or in a professional setting are only a few of the problems every person deals in their life at some point. Even though they are part of our nature, these symptoms could be very overwhelming.
Accepting new clients! We all go through phases in life. Some days are sunny and some others with a lot of rain and storm. Anxiety, depression,life transitions,pre-postpartum anxiety&depression, difficulty focusing, and relationship problems with loved ones and/or in a professional setting are only a few of the problems every person deals in their life at some point. Even though they are part of our nature, these symptoms could be very overwhelming.
(857) 763-2107 View (857) 763-2107

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Acton, MA

100+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Acton, MA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
86% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
66% Coping Skills
66% Stress
64% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

18 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% BlueCross and BlueShield
57% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
55% Harvard Pilgrim

How Therapists in Acton, MA see their clients

70% In Person and Online
30% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
15% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Acton?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.