Therapists in Ann Arbor, MI

Photo of Rataucha Anne Heard, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ann Arbor, MI
Rataucha Anne Heard
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, CAADC, LLPC, CFTC, CSS-DP
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Healing and the therapeutic process does not have to be a daunting task, but a point in the marathon of life to stop and smell the roses as you walk into wholeness one step at a time!
Healing and the therapeutic process does not have to be a daunting task, but a point in the marathon of life to stop and smell the roses as you walk into wholeness one step at a time!
(734) 985-2677 View (734) 985-2677
Photo of Marissa Stringer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Marissa Stringer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48103
I am passionate about navigating identity and self-worth through challenging life transitions. Generally, I work from a trauma-informed, psychodynamic theoretical perspective. I also incorporate elements of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical-Behavior Therapy, and Narrative Therapy into my treatment approaches. I adjust my approaches based on your individual needs and preferences. I believe that it is important to address the symptoms that cause you distress, but that it is not beneficial to you to focus only on symptom management.
I am passionate about navigating identity and self-worth through challenging life transitions. Generally, I work from a trauma-informed, psychodynamic theoretical perspective. I also incorporate elements of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical-Behavior Therapy, and Narrative Therapy into my treatment approaches. I adjust my approaches based on your individual needs and preferences. I believe that it is important to address the symptoms that cause you distress, but that it is not beneficial to you to focus only on symptom management.
(734) 526-1058 View (734) 526-1058
Photo of Eileen Aveni, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Eileen Aveni
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMSW, ACSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Not accepting new clients
As a psychotherapist, I have been profoundly touched by survivors of trauma, particularly extreme trauma, ritual abuse, mind control, clergy abuse, & spiritual abuse. Unfortunately, I am no longer taking new clients. But I am available for consultations to answer your questions or guide you in getting help. I am also developing a treatment model, The Migration Model, still in the testing phase, to remove mind control for ritual abuse/DID clients. (See www.ra-free.org). I provide intensives of 6 hours per day over 2+ days in my Ann Arbor, Michigan office using this model. But you must be in therapy with a licensed therapist.
As a psychotherapist, I have been profoundly touched by survivors of trauma, particularly extreme trauma, ritual abuse, mind control, clergy abuse, & spiritual abuse. Unfortunately, I am no longer taking new clients. But I am available for consultations to answer your questions or guide you in getting help. I am also developing a treatment model, The Migration Model, still in the testing phase, to remove mind control for ritual abuse/DID clients. (See www.ra-free.org). I provide intensives of 6 hours per day over 2+ days in my Ann Arbor, Michigan office using this model. But you must be in therapy with a licensed therapist.
(833) 752-0492 View (833) 752-0492
Photo of Carolyn Whitaker, Limited Licensed Psychologist in Ann Arbor, MI
Carolyn Whitaker
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48108  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Being human can come with many ups and downs. There can be beautiful moments that bring us great joy, and there can also be dark times that can bring deep pain. My goal is to be there for you through all of the hardships and joys that your life has to offer. It would be my honor to work with you and join you on this journey. Therapy is a process, and wherever it goes, I will be there for you.
Being human can come with many ups and downs. There can be beautiful moments that bring us great joy, and there can also be dark times that can bring deep pain. My goal is to be there for you through all of the hardships and joys that your life has to offer. It would be my honor to work with you and join you on this journey. Therapy is a process, and wherever it goes, I will be there for you.
(734) 228-1954 View (734) 228-1954
Photo of Deborah Howell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Deborah Howell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104  (Online Only)
Reaching out for help can be difficult, and I congratulate you on making the first step on your jourrney! My therapeutic style is grounded in evidence-based practices such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), mindfulness-based interventions, and solution-focused therapy. I tailor my approach to meet the unique needs and goals of each client, recognizing that everyone's journey is different. By incorporating a variety of techniques and strategies, I empower my clients to develop coping skills, enhance self-awareness, and build resilience.
Reaching out for help can be difficult, and I congratulate you on making the first step on your jourrney! My therapeutic style is grounded in evidence-based practices such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), mindfulness-based interventions, and solution-focused therapy. I tailor my approach to meet the unique needs and goals of each client, recognizing that everyone's journey is different. By incorporating a variety of techniques and strategies, I empower my clients to develop coping skills, enhance self-awareness, and build resilience.
(734) 415-2160 View (734) 415-2160
Photo of Katherine Jaeger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Katherine Jaeger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48105
Welcome! I’m so glad you’re here. Brene Brown once said, “Vulnerability sounds like truth and feels like courage. Truth and courage aren’t always comfortable, but they’re never weakness”. Our experiences in life can sometimes leave us feeling sad, angry, confused, lost, and everything in between. Whether you’re struggling with experiences of trauma, depression, anxiety, loss, any relational conflicts, or school difficulties, I’m here to walk alongside you on a path towards vulnerability and compassion for all parts of you. Instead of being who you’ve had to be (because trauma), this journey can bring you to who you’re meant to be.
Welcome! I’m so glad you’re here. Brene Brown once said, “Vulnerability sounds like truth and feels like courage. Truth and courage aren’t always comfortable, but they’re never weakness”. Our experiences in life can sometimes leave us feeling sad, angry, confused, lost, and everything in between. Whether you’re struggling with experiences of trauma, depression, anxiety, loss, any relational conflicts, or school difficulties, I’m here to walk alongside you on a path towards vulnerability and compassion for all parts of you. Instead of being who you’ve had to be (because trauma), this journey can bring you to who you’re meant to be.
(734) 415-4231 View (734) 415-4231
Photo of Margaret Levasseur, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Margaret Levasseur
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
10 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
I don't believe in a one-size-fits-all approach to therapy, so I try to customize my therapy to each client. I believe in meeting people where they're at, and helping them find and use the tools to work through their pain. I can help if you're struggling with depression, anxiety, sleep difficulties, poor self-esteem, trauma, or adjustment issues. I really like to help people go deeper into their present issues, through a somatic, psychodynamic, and attachment focused lens. I am also really interested in intuitive eating.
I don't believe in a one-size-fits-all approach to therapy, so I try to customize my therapy to each client. I believe in meeting people where they're at, and helping them find and use the tools to work through their pain. I can help if you're struggling with depression, anxiety, sleep difficulties, poor self-esteem, trauma, or adjustment issues. I really like to help people go deeper into their present issues, through a somatic, psychodynamic, and attachment focused lens. I am also really interested in intuitive eating.
(734) 224-3822 x114 View (734) 224-3822 x114
Photo of Jillian Rosati, Psychologist in Ann Arbor, MI
Jillian Rosati
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Not accepting new clients
I provide individual therapy to adolescents and adults dealing with a range of mental health concerns and life stressors, including: anxiety disorders; mood disorders; relationship concerns; academic and job concerns; LGBTQIA+ and multicultural concerns; grief and loss; and concerns related to life transitions and adjustments. I specialize in perinatal mental health and am particularly passionate about supporting new parents as they adjust to the demands of parenthood. I also specialize in working with young adults and college/graduate students.
I provide individual therapy to adolescents and adults dealing with a range of mental health concerns and life stressors, including: anxiety disorders; mood disorders; relationship concerns; academic and job concerns; LGBTQIA+ and multicultural concerns; grief and loss; and concerns related to life transitions and adjustments. I specialize in perinatal mental health and am particularly passionate about supporting new parents as they adjust to the demands of parenthood. I also specialize in working with young adults and college/graduate students.
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Photo of Sibel Ozer, Art Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Sibel Ozer
Art Therapist, LPC, BCPC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48105
At its core, therapy is about supporting a life lived with awareness and choice, which is not only the best way to honor it, but also to meet the suffering that comes with it. Jung says: "I am not what happened to me, I am what I choose to become". In a way both are true; the family we're born into, and life's events impact us deeply, and we can learn and grow through our experiences, the good and the bad, as opposed to letting them trap or control us. We can all lead lives consciously and choicefully.
At its core, therapy is about supporting a life lived with awareness and choice, which is not only the best way to honor it, but also to meet the suffering that comes with it. Jung says: "I am not what happened to me, I am what I choose to become". In a way both are true; the family we're born into, and life's events impact us deeply, and we can learn and grow through our experiences, the good and the bad, as opposed to letting them trap or control us. We can all lead lives consciously and choicefully.
(303) 647-9194 View (303) 647-9194
Photo of Siobhan Donnelly, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Siobhan Donnelly
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Not accepting new clients
I have 29 years experience helping adults to thrive, both in individual and couples therapy. My training includes Emotionally Focused Therapy (advanced) and the Gottman Method (through Level 2), both of which are evidence-based, empirically-validated approaches to therapy. While at the Univ. of Mich. School of Soc. Work, I completed specialized training (including a post-grad. prog.) in the U/M Psychiatry Dept. Marital Clinic at the former Riverview Clinic. I also have 29 yrs. of training/experience treating complex trauma, including workshops with Bessel van der Kolk and at Gottman Institute in treatment of PTSD in couples work.
I have 29 years experience helping adults to thrive, both in individual and couples therapy. My training includes Emotionally Focused Therapy (advanced) and the Gottman Method (through Level 2), both of which are evidence-based, empirically-validated approaches to therapy. While at the Univ. of Mich. School of Soc. Work, I completed specialized training (including a post-grad. prog.) in the U/M Psychiatry Dept. Marital Clinic at the former Riverview Clinic. I also have 29 yrs. of training/experience treating complex trauma, including workshops with Bessel van der Kolk and at Gottman Institute in treatment of PTSD in couples work.
(734) 530-3722 View (734) 530-3722
Photo of Tiffany Hong, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Tiffany Hong
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW-C
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48108  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Hello there. My name is Tiffany and I would love to connect with you to see whether we’re a good fit. As a clinical social worker, I take a holistic and eclectic approach to therapy. This means that I focus on you as a whole person and tailor my therapeutic work to your unique goals. My practice is grounded in an intersectional, culturally sensitive framework because I believe that our identities and experiences shape how we feel about ourselves, others, and our world.
Hello there. My name is Tiffany and I would love to connect with you to see whether we’re a good fit. As a clinical social worker, I take a holistic and eclectic approach to therapy. This means that I focus on you as a whole person and tailor my therapeutic work to your unique goals. My practice is grounded in an intersectional, culturally sensitive framework because I believe that our identities and experiences shape how we feel about ourselves, others, and our world.
(734) 280-3266 View (734) 280-3266
Photo of Toni Hughes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Toni Hughes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW, MSSA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Hello! I wanted to use this space to share a little about my approach to therapy to see if we'd be a good fit for each other. My approach revolves around you, the client. I believe that you are the expert of your story, your experiences, your struggles, and your goals for therapy. I will meet you where you are and provide warmth, acceptance, and empathy. I enjoy building modalities and interventions based on your needs and interests and finding what works best for you. Recognizing that as this all can be a challenging and hard thing to do, I want to create a safe and validating place for you so we can tackle what needs tackling.
Hello! I wanted to use this space to share a little about my approach to therapy to see if we'd be a good fit for each other. My approach revolves around you, the client. I believe that you are the expert of your story, your experiences, your struggles, and your goals for therapy. I will meet you where you are and provide warmth, acceptance, and empathy. I enjoy building modalities and interventions based on your needs and interests and finding what works best for you. Recognizing that as this all can be a challenging and hard thing to do, I want to create a safe and validating place for you so we can tackle what needs tackling.
(734) 530-3926 View (734) 530-3926
Photo of Amanda Worthington, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Amanda Worthington
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48103  (Online Only)
For close to 10 years I have worked with children, adolescents, and their families, helping them to navigate challenging situations, behavioral concerns, and ongoing issues related to trauma. Additionally, I specialize in working with individuals who experience depression, anxiety, PTSD, bipolar disorder, ADHD, relationship issues, family issues, and life transitions.
For close to 10 years I have worked with children, adolescents, and their families, helping them to navigate challenging situations, behavioral concerns, and ongoing issues related to trauma. Additionally, I specialize in working with individuals who experience depression, anxiety, PTSD, bipolar disorder, ADHD, relationship issues, family issues, and life transitions.
(734) 228-7822 View (734) 228-7822
Photo of Katie Saalberg, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Katie Saalberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
First steps are always difficult. Whether your journey has been one of anxiety, depression, disordered eating, trauma, complex family history, or stress from life in general, I’m here to offer a hand in moving forward. I focus on the empowerment and strengths of individuals in my work, while also realizing that we all have room to grow.
First steps are always difficult. Whether your journey has been one of anxiety, depression, disordered eating, trauma, complex family history, or stress from life in general, I’m here to offer a hand in moving forward. I focus on the empowerment and strengths of individuals in my work, while also realizing that we all have room to grow.
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Photo of Julie Boster, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Julie Boster
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CAADC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48105
You are not alone. Change is possible. I am honored and excited to walk beside you during your process of change. It is a difficult decision to choose therapy. I welcome you without judgement and with a great deal of hope. I empower my clients to find their strength and voice through compassionate listening and empathy. I am a licensed Social Worker with over 15 years of experience in the Mental Health field. I have a deep passion for helping people with drug/alcohol addiction, no matter their stage of change. I enjoy working with older aged adolescents, adults, families and couples.
You are not alone. Change is possible. I am honored and excited to walk beside you during your process of change. It is a difficult decision to choose therapy. I welcome you without judgement and with a great deal of hope. I empower my clients to find their strength and voice through compassionate listening and empathy. I am a licensed Social Worker with over 15 years of experience in the Mental Health field. I have a deep passion for helping people with drug/alcohol addiction, no matter their stage of change. I enjoy working with older aged adolescents, adults, families and couples.
(734) 725-2185 View (734) 725-2185
Photo of Kimberli Cumming, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Kimberli Cumming
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, MBA
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
I support individuals to heal and thrive in the context of their unique life circumstances. I work through a feminist, intersectional identity lens which is informed by self-determination theory. Whether you are struggling with confidence, are grappling with the loss of an important relationship (person or pet), want support as you seek out more purpose and meaning, are trying to have a different relationship with your family, or are simply navigating a challenging stretch of life, I would be honored to support you along the way. I don't have all the answers, but I can help you to unlock yours.
I support individuals to heal and thrive in the context of their unique life circumstances. I work through a feminist, intersectional identity lens which is informed by self-determination theory. Whether you are struggling with confidence, are grappling with the loss of an important relationship (person or pet), want support as you seek out more purpose and meaning, are trying to have a different relationship with your family, or are simply navigating a challenging stretch of life, I would be honored to support you along the way. I don't have all the answers, but I can help you to unlock yours.
(734) 336-1082 View (734) 336-1082
Photo of Cheri Albertson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Cheri Albertson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48103
As a psychotherapist & social researcher, I have 20+ years experience working with adolescents, adults, couples, and families experiencing a broad range of challenges & issues. We all live together in the same society, but the complex factors that effect each of us individually can create challenges that make it hard to succeed, live up to our potential & lead happy, satisfying lives. There are tools, that we can use to deal with these challenges. Learning how to access our inner strength and power is something each of us are capable of - and this empowerment is the key to resolving confusion, pain & suffering.
As a psychotherapist & social researcher, I have 20+ years experience working with adolescents, adults, couples, and families experiencing a broad range of challenges & issues. We all live together in the same society, but the complex factors that effect each of us individually can create challenges that make it hard to succeed, live up to our potential & lead happy, satisfying lives. There are tools, that we can use to deal with these challenges. Learning how to access our inner strength and power is something each of us are capable of - and this empowerment is the key to resolving confusion, pain & suffering.
(734) 548-9148 View (734) 548-9148
Photo of Eileen Dzik, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Eileen Dzik
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, BCD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48103
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! Whether you are experiencing anxiety, depression or simply life dissatisfaction, my goal is to provide a space of safety and appreciation for your unique struggles. I specialize in improving relationships. Whether you're in a couple or single and seeking partnership, I work with an understanding of attachment patterns to help you form deeper, more stable bonds. I have a sharp ear for how the stories we tell can limit us. Re-shaping those narratives is a powerful part of my work. In addition to my individual work, I have expertise in marital counseling and therapist supervision.
Welcome! Whether you are experiencing anxiety, depression or simply life dissatisfaction, my goal is to provide a space of safety and appreciation for your unique struggles. I specialize in improving relationships. Whether you're in a couple or single and seeking partnership, I work with an understanding of attachment patterns to help you form deeper, more stable bonds. I have a sharp ear for how the stories we tell can limit us. Re-shaping those narratives is a powerful part of my work. In addition to my individual work, I have expertise in marital counseling and therapist supervision.
(734) 469-5168 View (734) 469-5168
Photo of Holly Gist-Richer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Holly Gist-Richer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48103  (Online Only)
This being human isn’t always easy. As a therapist, I am grounded in the knowledge that each person is an expert in their own lived experience, as such I trust and honor the needs and wisdom of each client. Using a warm and collaborative approach and bringing curiosity and compassion to each session, I aim to help clients build a caring and healthy relationship with their own internal experience, leading to a more empowered and connected life.
This being human isn’t always easy. As a therapist, I am grounded in the knowledge that each person is an expert in their own lived experience, as such I trust and honor the needs and wisdom of each client. Using a warm and collaborative approach and bringing curiosity and compassion to each session, I aim to help clients build a caring and healthy relationship with their own internal experience, leading to a more empowered and connected life.
(517) 994-1615 View (517) 994-1615
Photo of Sydney Strandberg, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Sydney Strandberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW-C
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Offering in-person service. I believe that any person is capable of change given the education and tools. My approach to therapy is interactive and holistic, looking beyond the traditional focus of “one size fits all”, I synthesize and integrate concepts and treatment models to fit the uniqueness of your personality and needs.
Offering in-person service. I believe that any person is capable of change given the education and tools. My approach to therapy is interactive and holistic, looking beyond the traditional focus of “one size fits all”, I synthesize and integrate concepts and treatment models to fit the uniqueness of your personality and needs.
(734) 808-3515 View (734) 808-3515

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Ann Arbor, MI

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Ann Arbor, MI who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
77% Self Esteem
75% Relationship Issues
71% Trauma and PTSD
70% Stress
69% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

93% BlueCross and BlueShield
55% Blue Care Network
46% Aetna

How Therapists in Ann Arbor, MI see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
19% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Ann Arbor?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.