Therapists in Lafayette, CA

Photo of Juliann Eva Kauffman, Psychologist in Lafayette, CA
Juliann Eva Kauffman
Psychologist, EdD
Verified Verified
Lafayette, CA 94549
Not accepting new clients
I welcome those who are ready to begin or continue their processes of healing and path finding in this challenging and wondrous life. I work with clients in a variety of ways. One of my primary approaches is to address the beliefs that each person has internalized during his or her life. These beliefs direct our choices. Erroneous beliefs about self, others, and the world at large put limits on us and hold us back from healthy relations and personal empowerment. My professional commitment includes honoring my clients' diverse world views as they work toward improving their lives.
I welcome those who are ready to begin or continue their processes of healing and path finding in this challenging and wondrous life. I work with clients in a variety of ways. One of my primary approaches is to address the beliefs that each person has internalized during his or her life. These beliefs direct our choices. Erroneous beliefs about self, others, and the world at large put limits on us and hold us back from healthy relations and personal empowerment. My professional commitment includes honoring my clients' diverse world views as they work toward improving their lives.
(925) 392-5484 View (925) 392-5484
Photo of Annelise Miller, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lafayette, CA
Annelise Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Lafayette, CA 94549
Looking for a therapist can feel overwhelming, but finding someone who gets you is key. Let's dive into your world - your family, future relationships, work, and friendships. As we talk, you might uncover stuff from the past that's still affecting you today. Clients often praise my ability to ask insightful and thought-provoking questions, guiding our discussions toward deeper understanding. Many clients have described me as their voice of reason, guiding them toward clarity and a better understanding of their situations.
Looking for a therapist can feel overwhelming, but finding someone who gets you is key. Let's dive into your world - your family, future relationships, work, and friendships. As we talk, you might uncover stuff from the past that's still affecting you today. Clients often praise my ability to ask insightful and thought-provoking questions, guiding our discussions toward deeper understanding. Many clients have described me as their voice of reason, guiding them toward clarity and a better understanding of their situations.
(925) 281-3362 View (925) 281-3362
Photo of Laura N. Naman, Psychologist in Lafayette, CA
Laura N. Naman
Psychologist, MA, PhD
Verified Verified
Lafayette, CA 94549
Waitlist for new clients
Hello. If you are exploring the Psychology today website you are likely searching for answers, help, or change for yourself, a family member, or loved one through a difficult experience. If you are taking this step for the first time, in need of additional psychological services, or looking to change providers I commend you for taking this step forward. My hope and goal for each client/family I work with is to help you achieve a “Eureka!” moment and make meaningful and change propelling personal discoveries – whether through the psychotherapy services that I offer or the psychological testing/evaluation services that I offer.
Hello. If you are exploring the Psychology today website you are likely searching for answers, help, or change for yourself, a family member, or loved one through a difficult experience. If you are taking this step for the first time, in need of additional psychological services, or looking to change providers I commend you for taking this step forward. My hope and goal for each client/family I work with is to help you achieve a “Eureka!” moment and make meaningful and change propelling personal discoveries – whether through the psychotherapy services that I offer or the psychological testing/evaluation services that I offer.
(925) 900-5328 View (925) 900-5328
Photo of Patricia Abood, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lafayette, CA
Patricia Abood
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lafayette, CA 94549
I am a LMFT who works with children, adolescents, and adults. I am well versed in providing treatment for anxiety, depression, behavioral disorders, as well as, every day concerns. As a therapist, it is my role to create a safe and comfortable environment for you and your current journey. Together, we will address your needs and work on specific goals to help you get to where you want to be. My therapeutic approach uses cognitive behavioral techniques that are goal oriented and solution focused. I help my clients learn and implement new coping skills, problem solve, and change behavior patterns to help with symptom relief.
I am a LMFT who works with children, adolescents, and adults. I am well versed in providing treatment for anxiety, depression, behavioral disorders, as well as, every day concerns. As a therapist, it is my role to create a safe and comfortable environment for you and your current journey. Together, we will address your needs and work on specific goals to help you get to where you want to be. My therapeutic approach uses cognitive behavioral techniques that are goal oriented and solution focused. I help my clients learn and implement new coping skills, problem solve, and change behavior patterns to help with symptom relief.
(925) 297-5302 View (925) 297-5302
Photo of Jeffrey H Kent, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lafayette, CA
Jeffrey H Kent
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Lafayette, CA 94549
Do you suspect something is “off,” that you could be doing better? Feeling better? You could, even, be happier? What’s stopping you? Sometimes, it is anxiety or depression. Often it is an addiction to something that for a while made things better - drugs, alcohol, spending, and others. These are false strategies that promised relief, but in the end, caused more suffering. They make anxiety & depression worse, taking one down into a spiral of hopelessness and despair, even shame. You don't have to stay here. You can change.
Do you suspect something is “off,” that you could be doing better? Feeling better? You could, even, be happier? What’s stopping you? Sometimes, it is anxiety or depression. Often it is an addiction to something that for a while made things better - drugs, alcohol, spending, and others. These are false strategies that promised relief, but in the end, caused more suffering. They make anxiety & depression worse, taking one down into a spiral of hopelessness and despair, even shame. You don't have to stay here. You can change.
(925) 471-8338 View (925) 471-8338
Photo of Sara E Fisher, Psychologist in Lafayette, CA
Sara E Fisher
Psychologist, MA, PhD
Verified Verified
Lafayette, CA 94549  (Online Only)
While we can't change painful experiences from the past, we can come to terms with them in order to better understand and resolve present challenges. We can work collaboratively to explore and change longstanding behavior patterns or negative perceptions that may be barriers to experiencing a more fulfilling, meaningful life. Whether you're looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation, hoping to resolve painful issues from the past, or you're ready to move in a new direction in your life, I look forward to working with you to help you define and achieve your goals.
While we can't change painful experiences from the past, we can come to terms with them in order to better understand and resolve present challenges. We can work collaboratively to explore and change longstanding behavior patterns or negative perceptions that may be barriers to experiencing a more fulfilling, meaningful life. Whether you're looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation, hoping to resolve painful issues from the past, or you're ready to move in a new direction in your life, I look forward to working with you to help you define and achieve your goals.
(925) 256-8280 View (925) 256-8280
Photo of Kip Charles Leake, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lafayette, CA
Kip Charles Leake
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Lafayette, CA 94549
Are you feeling stuck? Cynical about relationships? Anxious? Troubled by anger? Confused? Overwhelmed? By building on the power of the therapeutic relationship, I encourage self-discovery, authenticity, and offer coping skills that help people work through these challenges. use a personally tailored approach designed to promote clarity, insight, and growth. Let's find your blindspots. My special interests are: EMDR for trauma; life transitions such as aging, grief, divorce, and retirement. It's time to break old habits and get off of automatic pilot! "An unexamined life is not worth living." --Socrates
Are you feeling stuck? Cynical about relationships? Anxious? Troubled by anger? Confused? Overwhelmed? By building on the power of the therapeutic relationship, I encourage self-discovery, authenticity, and offer coping skills that help people work through these challenges. use a personally tailored approach designed to promote clarity, insight, and growth. Let's find your blindspots. My special interests are: EMDR for trauma; life transitions such as aging, grief, divorce, and retirement. It's time to break old habits and get off of automatic pilot! "An unexamined life is not worth living." --Socrates
(925) 418-7272 View (925) 418-7272
Photo of Yaye Diallo, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lafayette, CA
Yaye Diallo
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Lafayette, CA 94549
Hello Healers, Life is not always easy, we have good days and bad days; however, we try our best to push through despite the hurdles we may be facing. Struggling with Anxiety, Depression, and/or life stressors can be intense; however, identifying these concerns and working on them step by step can be extremely beneficial for one's life.
Hello Healers, Life is not always easy, we have good days and bad days; however, we try our best to push through despite the hurdles we may be facing. Struggling with Anxiety, Depression, and/or life stressors can be intense; however, identifying these concerns and working on them step by step can be extremely beneficial for one's life.
(925) 633-5379 View (925) 633-5379
Photo of Pierre Vilanoba, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lafayette, CA
Pierre Vilanoba
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
Lafayette, CA 94549
Life is full of unexpected events and struggles, which are sometimes overwhelming. I strive to create a safe and welcoming environment where children, adolescents, and adults feel comfortable to explore ways to achieve their goals. Having a person who listens with no judgment, who cares, and who can help you gain some perspective and insight is extremely valuable. Together we will create a plan that will allow you to regain a sense of empowerment, purpose, and happiness in your life.
Life is full of unexpected events and struggles, which are sometimes overwhelming. I strive to create a safe and welcoming environment where children, adolescents, and adults feel comfortable to explore ways to achieve their goals. Having a person who listens with no judgment, who cares, and who can help you gain some perspective and insight is extremely valuable. Together we will create a plan that will allow you to regain a sense of empowerment, purpose, and happiness in your life.
(925) 239-4402 View (925) 239-4402
Photo of Nicolle Danielle Tissot, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lafayette, CA
Nicolle Danielle Tissot
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lafayette, CA 94549
Struggling with anxiety, depression, low self esteem or negative self talk? Looking for a supportive, caring and empathetic therapist? Life can be challenging and even unfair at times, as life continues to move forward we may be activated or stuck as things from the past, future and present resurface in a way that feels unmanageable on your own. I work with clients to walk along that path with them as we explore what has brought them to therapy and together create meaning, process challenging events from the past, create insight, create new ways of coping, overall self growth, and positive change for the present and future.
Struggling with anxiety, depression, low self esteem or negative self talk? Looking for a supportive, caring and empathetic therapist? Life can be challenging and even unfair at times, as life continues to move forward we may be activated or stuck as things from the past, future and present resurface in a way that feels unmanageable on your own. I work with clients to walk along that path with them as we explore what has brought them to therapy and together create meaning, process challenging events from the past, create insight, create new ways of coping, overall self growth, and positive change for the present and future.
(925) 297-5442 View (925) 297-5442
Photo of Johanna Marie McShane, Psychologist in Lafayette, CA
Johanna Marie McShane
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Lafayette, CA 94549
I specialize in helping people through life transitions of all kinds- from work/career to family and personal. Change is a part of life, and it can be disruptive, unsettling, and challenging. It can also be an opportunity for creativity and evaluation of our lives. I help people assess where they are now, where they want to go, and how to get there. Trained as a high level violinist, I have a particular passion for helping musicians and athletes through transitions related to their sport or instrument- things like dealing with injuries, or making decisions about whether to pursue athletics or music at the next higher level.
I specialize in helping people through life transitions of all kinds- from work/career to family and personal. Change is a part of life, and it can be disruptive, unsettling, and challenging. It can also be an opportunity for creativity and evaluation of our lives. I help people assess where they are now, where they want to go, and how to get there. Trained as a high level violinist, I have a particular passion for helping musicians and athletes through transitions related to their sport or instrument- things like dealing with injuries, or making decisions about whether to pursue athletics or music at the next higher level.
(925) 308-5774 View (925) 308-5774
Photo of David Matz, Psychologist in Lafayette, CA
David Matz
Psychologist, PsyD, MA, MBA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lafayette, CA 94549  (Online Only)
I work with adolescents, and adults. It is my goal to work in partnership with you and the appropriate family and community members to consider all factors which may be influencing your mental health and well being. Together we will design a plan to support your own resilience and innate healing response. My philosophy is more pragmatic, than theoretical. The focus is not merely on the treatment of symptoms of the disorder, but on achieving health, and a renewed sense of purpose, meaning, and joy. I strive to provide responsive and effective assistance with compassion and respect.
I work with adolescents, and adults. It is my goal to work in partnership with you and the appropriate family and community members to consider all factors which may be influencing your mental health and well being. Together we will design a plan to support your own resilience and innate healing response. My philosophy is more pragmatic, than theoretical. The focus is not merely on the treatment of symptoms of the disorder, but on achieving health, and a renewed sense of purpose, meaning, and joy. I strive to provide responsive and effective assistance with compassion and respect.
(925) 308-9243 View (925) 308-9243
Photo of Reuel Evans, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lafayette, CA
Reuel Evans
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Lafayette, CA 94549
Life can be stressful due to relationship issues, the workplace, loss, navigating home and family life or other life challenges. I am here to support you as work through these difficulties. Our collaborative journey will help guide you in a direction where you feel more able to face and overcome the challenges you are experiencing. During our sessions I will provide you with a safe, empathetic, and non judgmental environment where you can explore and address any personal struggles and hardships that you may be experiencing.
Life can be stressful due to relationship issues, the workplace, loss, navigating home and family life or other life challenges. I am here to support you as work through these difficulties. Our collaborative journey will help guide you in a direction where you feel more able to face and overcome the challenges you are experiencing. During our sessions I will provide you with a safe, empathetic, and non judgmental environment where you can explore and address any personal struggles and hardships that you may be experiencing.
(925) 393-0490 View (925) 393-0490
Photo of David Millen, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lafayette, CA
David Millen
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lafayette, CA 94549
I believe forming a strong therapeutic relationship is key for therapy to be successful. I believe that empowerment is an essential part of the therapeutic experience of every client. Our work together will explore your past, which will help you understand your feelings and why you think and respond in ways that may reduce your joy. Our work will also include present-moment awareness, and promote self-compassion and overall well-being. I am a psychodynamic, relational therapist who believes that healing happens through a process of deep diving to address what’s underneath your symptoms and suffering.
I believe forming a strong therapeutic relationship is key for therapy to be successful. I believe that empowerment is an essential part of the therapeutic experience of every client. Our work together will explore your past, which will help you understand your feelings and why you think and respond in ways that may reduce your joy. Our work will also include present-moment awareness, and promote self-compassion and overall well-being. I am a psychodynamic, relational therapist who believes that healing happens through a process of deep diving to address what’s underneath your symptoms and suffering.
(925) 267-6493 View (925) 267-6493
Photo of Gabriela Arroyo-Grynbal, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Lafayette, CA
Gabriela Arroyo-Grynbal
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lafayette, CA 94549
Hello and welcome! I am a bilingual (English/Spanish) psychotherapist that is dedicated to creating an inclusive, authentic, and safe therapeutic experience. Therapy with me focuses on collaborating with individuals and couples seeking to explore their current and past experiences, personal identity, and gain insight into what may no longer be serving them in order to cultivate growth and healing. In addition to working with individuals, I am passionate about collaborating with couples of all kinds to navigate the challenges of communication, stressors, intimacy, and differing experiences that show up in relationships.
Hello and welcome! I am a bilingual (English/Spanish) psychotherapist that is dedicated to creating an inclusive, authentic, and safe therapeutic experience. Therapy with me focuses on collaborating with individuals and couples seeking to explore their current and past experiences, personal identity, and gain insight into what may no longer be serving them in order to cultivate growth and healing. In addition to working with individuals, I am passionate about collaborating with couples of all kinds to navigate the challenges of communication, stressors, intimacy, and differing experiences that show up in relationships.
(628) 267-3448 View (628) 267-3448
Photo of Sharon Flynn, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lafayette, CA
Sharon Flynn
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lafayette, CA 94549
Thanks for choosing to learn more about my practice. It is my hope that together we can work on healing old wounds and achieving peace and fulfillment. Areas of specific interest: empowering young adults in their identities as they move toward independence from their family of origin; helping clients to improve communication, increase connection, and strengthen boundaries where needed in their relationships; and working with parents to better understand and address the feelings/unmet needs behind a child's behaviors and helping parents to prepare for their child's emerging independence and the eventual "empty nest."
Thanks for choosing to learn more about my practice. It is my hope that together we can work on healing old wounds and achieving peace and fulfillment. Areas of specific interest: empowering young adults in their identities as they move toward independence from their family of origin; helping clients to improve communication, increase connection, and strengthen boundaries where needed in their relationships; and working with parents to better understand and address the feelings/unmet needs behind a child's behaviors and helping parents to prepare for their child's emerging independence and the eventual "empty nest."
(925) 298-4583 View (925) 298-4583
Photo of Jeannette Harroun, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lafayette, CA
Jeannette Harroun
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Lafayette, CA 94549
Not accepting new clients
Kids don't always use words but behavior always has a message and may also be a form of SOS. I help children and teens feel better about themselves and improve their behavior at home or at school. I also help parents and families understand and deal with the mistaken goals of misbehavior. I believe there is always a reason, feeling or unmet need. Understanding and addressing the underlying message helps build bridges with kids and teens. I provide individual, parenting or family sessions that range from educational coaching and enrichment or addressing specific concerns.
Kids don't always use words but behavior always has a message and may also be a form of SOS. I help children and teens feel better about themselves and improve their behavior at home or at school. I also help parents and families understand and deal with the mistaken goals of misbehavior. I believe there is always a reason, feeling or unmet need. Understanding and addressing the underlying message helps build bridges with kids and teens. I provide individual, parenting or family sessions that range from educational coaching and enrichment or addressing specific concerns.
(925) 890-7478 View (925) 890-7478
Photo of Lisa Cohen Bennett, Psychologist in Lafayette, CA
Lisa Cohen Bennett
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Lafayette, CA 94549
As a psychologist, teacher, mother and trauma specialist, I enjoy working with teens, young adults, adults and couples who are trying to feel better. If you are wanting to stop the challenging patterns in your life, we may be a good fit. If you are wanting to find (or re-find) the joy in life, we may be a good fit. If you are wondering how your history may be affecting your current life, we may be a good fit. If you are looking for a psychotherapist who will help you help yourself, we may be a good fit. You and I will develop a warm, accepting, compassionate environment where we work to establish hope. Give it a try!
As a psychologist, teacher, mother and trauma specialist, I enjoy working with teens, young adults, adults and couples who are trying to feel better. If you are wanting to stop the challenging patterns in your life, we may be a good fit. If you are wanting to find (or re-find) the joy in life, we may be a good fit. If you are wondering how your history may be affecting your current life, we may be a good fit. If you are looking for a psychotherapist who will help you help yourself, we may be a good fit. You and I will develop a warm, accepting, compassionate environment where we work to establish hope. Give it a try!
(925) 248-4815 View (925) 248-4815
Clare Ames-Klein
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Lafayette, CA 94549
I have worked as a clinical psychologist for over 20 years in the Bay area. My practice is diverse because I like to work with a wide range of individuals and issues. I see adults, adolescents and couples with a broad range of psychological and relationship problems. I have special interest in relationship issues, woman's issues, parenting and health-related problems, including catastrophic illness.
I have worked as a clinical psychologist for over 20 years in the Bay area. My practice is diverse because I like to work with a wide range of individuals and issues. I see adults, adolescents and couples with a broad range of psychological and relationship problems. I have special interest in relationship issues, woman's issues, parenting and health-related problems, including catastrophic illness.
(925) 308-5644 View (925) 308-5644
Photo of Priscila Demarche Martins, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lafayette, CA
Priscila Demarche Martins
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Lafayette, CA 94549  (Online Only)
Are you feeling unheard, hopeless or constantly worrying about something? Are you struggling to communicate and connect with your partner? Are you worrying about your next meal or the way your body looks? Whether you are dealing with anxiety, depression, past trauma, relationship issues, burnout or body image, I am here to help you navigate these feelings and offer a path forward. I love helping individuals understanding the underlying events that cause them to constantly worry and feel down.
Are you feeling unheard, hopeless or constantly worrying about something? Are you struggling to communicate and connect with your partner? Are you worrying about your next meal or the way your body looks? Whether you are dealing with anxiety, depression, past trauma, relationship issues, burnout or body image, I am here to help you navigate these feelings and offer a path forward. I love helping individuals understanding the underlying events that cause them to constantly worry and feel down.
(415) 340-1918 View (415) 340-1918

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Lafayette, CA

300+

Average cost per session

$185

Therapists in Lafayette, CA who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
69% Grief
67% Self Esteem
63% Trauma and PTSD
62% Stress

Average years in practice

16 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

54% Aetna
46% Other
44% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Lafayette, CA see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

85% Female
14% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Lafayette?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.