Therapists in Crosby, TX

Photo of Jeffery Manzer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Crosby, TX
Jeffery Manzer
Licensed Professional Counselor, M Ed, LPC, NCC, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Crosby, TX 77532
Are you still facing traumas from the past? Not sure how to process the traumas and overcome the stress? Feeling anxious every time something triggers a memory? Let me help. No matter what form the stress and traumas came in, they're still hard to process. If they’re difficult for you to process, then it’s important to me to help you. A certain population that I'm passionate about helping are first responders and veterans. These men and women struggle with stressors that many of us will never see. As someone who's worn both hats, I feel I am qualified to help you or your loved one work through that overwhelming feeling and burden.
Are you still facing traumas from the past? Not sure how to process the traumas and overcome the stress? Feeling anxious every time something triggers a memory? Let me help. No matter what form the stress and traumas came in, they're still hard to process. If they’re difficult for you to process, then it’s important to me to help you. A certain population that I'm passionate about helping are first responders and veterans. These men and women struggle with stressors that many of us will never see. As someone who's worn both hats, I feel I am qualified to help you or your loved one work through that overwhelming feeling and burden.
(409) 797-6221 View (409) 797-6221
Photo of Criddle Counseling Services, Marriage & Family Therapist in Crosby, TX
Criddle Counseling Services
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LCDC
Verified Verified
Crosby, TX 77532
I love providing hope and optimism to individuals and families by allowing them to be an active part in improving and healing their lives. It is a wonderful gift to witness a person overcoming challenges, achieving their goals, and enjoying their ability to embrace life! I specialize in therapeutic services that rebuild intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships, along with therapeutic services for those who are experiencing depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, co-occurring mental health and substance abuse, and/or going through a life transition.
I love providing hope and optimism to individuals and families by allowing them to be an active part in improving and healing their lives. It is a wonderful gift to witness a person overcoming challenges, achieving their goals, and enjoying their ability to embrace life! I specialize in therapeutic services that rebuild intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships, along with therapeutic services for those who are experiencing depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, co-occurring mental health and substance abuse, and/or going through a life transition.
(832) 471-8711 View (832) 471-8711
Photo of Dorine Wright - The Support Network, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Crosby, TX
Dorine Wright - The Support Network
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Crosby, TX 77532  (Online Only)
Hello! My name is Dorine Wright and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. Many of us experience mental health challenges and trauma throughout our lives and I want to help you overcome any challenges that you are currently facing. I have extensive experience treating people affected by trauma, anxiety, depression, and grief. I genuinely enjoy working with all people and treat them with kindness, empathy, and respect. I find it a privilege to guide, support, and challenge a person to become their authentic self.
Hello! My name is Dorine Wright and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. Many of us experience mental health challenges and trauma throughout our lives and I want to help you overcome any challenges that you are currently facing. I have extensive experience treating people affected by trauma, anxiety, depression, and grief. I genuinely enjoy working with all people and treat them with kindness, empathy, and respect. I find it a privilege to guide, support, and challenge a person to become their authentic self.
(346) 637-3183 View (346) 637-3183
Photo of Donna N Louis, Licensed Professional Counselor in Crosby, TX
Donna N Louis
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Crosby, TX 77532  (Online Only)
It takes a lot of courage to seek help with life's challenges. I have experience helping clients navigate family conflict, anxiety and depression, performance issues in school and work, self-esteem, trauma, gender, sexuality, race, culture, and life transitions. While we can’t change difficult situations and traumas of the past, we can work together to better understand and resolve them. We can also focus our work on navigating the challenges of today. Together, we will work to create attainable goals and develop adaptive skills that will positively impact areas of your life.
It takes a lot of courage to seek help with life's challenges. I have experience helping clients navigate family conflict, anxiety and depression, performance issues in school and work, self-esteem, trauma, gender, sexuality, race, culture, and life transitions. While we can’t change difficult situations and traumas of the past, we can work together to better understand and resolve them. We can also focus our work on navigating the challenges of today. Together, we will work to create attainable goals and develop adaptive skills that will positively impact areas of your life.
(281) 843-8429 View (281) 843-8429
Photo of Melissa Kay Blair, Licensed Professional Counselor in Crosby, TX
Melissa Kay Blair
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Crosby, TX 77532
PTSD and trauma resolution (using ART and EMDR), Addiction recovery, as well as couples therapy are among my specialties. I work 12-7 pm and weekends. I worked for 10+ years as a therapist in a highly respected residential treatment center for adolescents with addiction as well as other mental health issues. My experience also includes working with people with extreme stress, depression and anxiety. I have over 25 years of experience as a helper to include a career as a high school science teacher and school counselor. I returned to school to earn my PhD from Texas A&M-Commerce University to become a therapist.
PTSD and trauma resolution (using ART and EMDR), Addiction recovery, as well as couples therapy are among my specialties. I work 12-7 pm and weekends. I worked for 10+ years as a therapist in a highly respected residential treatment center for adolescents with addiction as well as other mental health issues. My experience also includes working with people with extreme stress, depression and anxiety. I have over 25 years of experience as a helper to include a career as a high school science teacher and school counselor. I returned to school to earn my PhD from Texas A&M-Commerce University to become a therapist.
(903) 228-3169 View (903) 228-3169
Photo of Kawanza D Dukes, Licensed Professional Counselor in Crosby, TX
Kawanza D Dukes
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LSSP, LSP, LPES
Verified Verified
Crosby, TX 77532
Licensed To Solve seeks to offer practical solutions to individuals and groups (both adults and children) with the goal of improving social and emotional coping. Our evidenced-based services are geared toward helping our clients address the problems of today for a better tomorrow. We pride ourselves on providing a safe therapeutic environment to assist with improving self-awareness and resilience. Maintaining or re-establishing mental health is our passion. Call today for a complimentary consultation and let us help you regain your natural power through our various behavioral health care options.
Licensed To Solve seeks to offer practical solutions to individuals and groups (both adults and children) with the goal of improving social and emotional coping. Our evidenced-based services are geared toward helping our clients address the problems of today for a better tomorrow. We pride ourselves on providing a safe therapeutic environment to assist with improving self-awareness and resilience. Maintaining or re-establishing mental health is our passion. Call today for a complimentary consultation and let us help you regain your natural power through our various behavioral health care options.
(281) 462-5759 View (281) 462-5759
Photo of Allison Gilbert, LPC Associate in Crosby, TX
Allison Gilbert
LPC Associate, MA, LPC-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Crosby, TX 77532  (Online Only)
Have you or a loved one ever experienced a mental health crisis? Let's be honest, that can be a terrifying ordeal. At Space City Counseling & Psychotherapy PLLC, I specialize in crisis management and post-psychiatric hospitalization counseling, along with providing counseling to a host of many other issues. I treat my clients the way I would want a therapist to treat my closest family members. You are the expert of your story, I'm just here to provide techniques that allow you to take back control of the out of control and find the freedom you're longing for.
Have you or a loved one ever experienced a mental health crisis? Let's be honest, that can be a terrifying ordeal. At Space City Counseling & Psychotherapy PLLC, I specialize in crisis management and post-psychiatric hospitalization counseling, along with providing counseling to a host of many other issues. I treat my clients the way I would want a therapist to treat my closest family members. You are the expert of your story, I'm just here to provide techniques that allow you to take back control of the out of control and find the freedom you're longing for.
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Photo of Elizabeth Bowden, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in Crosby, TX
Elizabeth Bowden
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, LPC-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Crosby, TX 77532
My passion for counseling emerges from my childhood. I’ve experienced the benefit of therapy in my own life after facing childhood trauma. I am who I am today because of the healing that comes through the power of a therapeutic relationship. As a person who has been broken, I want to help others find healing. I am confident that every individual, couple or family can benefit from a personalized treatment plan within the therapeutic relationship.
My passion for counseling emerges from my childhood. I’ve experienced the benefit of therapy in my own life after facing childhood trauma. I am who I am today because of the healing that comes through the power of a therapeutic relationship. As a person who has been broken, I want to help others find healing. I am confident that every individual, couple or family can benefit from a personalized treatment plan within the therapeutic relationship.
(346) 229-1937 View (346) 229-1937
Photo of Kareem Hicks, Licensed Professional Counselor in Crosby, TX
Kareem Hicks
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Crosby, TX 77532
Having Anxiety, communication problems within relationship, feel lost and out of options? I work with couples, families and children. You've made the first step in looking! If you are ready to explore new possibilities I would love to be apart of the progress and help you at this time in your life.
Having Anxiety, communication problems within relationship, feel lost and out of options? I work with couples, families and children. You've made the first step in looking! If you are ready to explore new possibilities I would love to be apart of the progress and help you at this time in your life.
(713) 597-5574 View (713) 597-5574

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Dr. Rosemary Muzorewa, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Crosby, TX
Dr. Rosemary Muzorewa
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Humble, TX 77396
I’m so glad you took this first step of reaching out for support! Whether you want to navigate difficulties in your life, repair relationships, or build a strong foundation for your mental and emotional wellness - I am here to help! We’ll work together to move past obstacles so you can take steps to achieve your goals. I want the therapeutic process to feel helpful and worthwhile. I work with sincerity, compassion and nonjudgement, and will provide a nurturing environment where you can talk candidly about your concerns.
I’m so glad you took this first step of reaching out for support! Whether you want to navigate difficulties in your life, repair relationships, or build a strong foundation for your mental and emotional wellness - I am here to help! We’ll work together to move past obstacles so you can take steps to achieve your goals. I want the therapeutic process to feel helpful and worthwhile. I work with sincerity, compassion and nonjudgement, and will provide a nurturing environment where you can talk candidly about your concerns.
(281) 612-8934 View (281) 612-8934
Photo of Shannon Mosher, Licensed Professional Counselor in Crosby, TX
Shannon Mosher
Licensed Professional Counselor, NCC LPC, C-PD, CHT, CCTP, C-DBT
Verified Verified
Atascocita, TX 77346
Waitlist for new clients
Do you have an overwhelming sense of anxiety or depression? Are you completely exhausted by your emotional pain and feel like a prisoner in your own mind? Together, we can find solutions to help you take action and start becoming the best version of yourself! I am a compassionate and caring counselor who has helped hundreds of people to redefine their lives and live more meaningful, joyous, and focused lives. People come to me when they’re struggling with panic, anxiety, depression, grief, relationship issues, loneliness, abandonment, personality disorders, bipolar, trauma, stress, life direction, or healthy self-esteem.
Do you have an overwhelming sense of anxiety or depression? Are you completely exhausted by your emotional pain and feel like a prisoner in your own mind? Together, we can find solutions to help you take action and start becoming the best version of yourself! I am a compassionate and caring counselor who has helped hundreds of people to redefine their lives and live more meaningful, joyous, and focused lives. People come to me when they’re struggling with panic, anxiety, depression, grief, relationship issues, loneliness, abandonment, personality disorders, bipolar, trauma, stress, life direction, or healthy self-esteem.
(281) 645-5681 View (281) 645-5681
Photo of Margaret Hood Black, Licensed Professional Counselor in Crosby, TX
Margaret Hood Black
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Kingwood, TX 77345
Whether you’re dealing with an out-of-control teen, depression, or infidelity, Margaret Hood Black & Associates, PC are here to help. We’ll figure out what’s going on, sort through things, and provide a plan on how to fix the problem. Margaret always enjoys a challenge and enjoys working with resistant adolescent boys, cutters, and marital affairs. Margaret also has a special interest in marriages, families, women, and dreams.
Whether you’re dealing with an out-of-control teen, depression, or infidelity, Margaret Hood Black & Associates, PC are here to help. We’ll figure out what’s going on, sort through things, and provide a plan on how to fix the problem. Margaret always enjoys a challenge and enjoys working with resistant adolescent boys, cutters, and marital affairs. Margaret also has a special interest in marriages, families, women, and dreams.
(713) 562-7819 View (713) 562-7819
Photo of Quinn Heavrin, Marriage & Family Therapist in Crosby, TX
Quinn Heavrin
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Humble, TX 77346
Hi! My name is Quinn, and I am here to offer hope and practical solutions to the emotional, behavioral or mental struggle causing you stress or pain. Whether you have been privately dealing with this struggle for years or just want to tackle some current life issues head on, I am ready to help you begin a proactive journey of growth that will lead you toward healing, repair and enjoyment in your everyday life and relationships.
Hi! My name is Quinn, and I am here to offer hope and practical solutions to the emotional, behavioral or mental struggle causing you stress or pain. Whether you have been privately dealing with this struggle for years or just want to tackle some current life issues head on, I am ready to help you begin a proactive journey of growth that will lead you toward healing, repair and enjoyment in your everyday life and relationships.
(281) 801-5828 View (281) 801-5828
Photo of Nancy Breunig Schultz, Psychologist in Crosby, TX
Nancy Breunig Schultz
Psychologist, PhD, NCSP, LSSP, C-DBT
Verified Verified
Atascocita, TX 77346
I have worked with children and adults for 25+ years. In my practice, I provide an individualized written treatment plan to meet the client's needs. I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT). CBT focuses on changing an individual's thoughts in order to change his or her behavior and emotional state. It has been proven to be highly effective in many areas such as anxiety and depression. DBT is a modified form of CBT where clients are taught mindfulness (living in the moment), how to tolerate and cope with stress, regulate emotions and develop healthy interpersonal relationships.
I have worked with children and adults for 25+ years. In my practice, I provide an individualized written treatment plan to meet the client's needs. I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT). CBT focuses on changing an individual's thoughts in order to change his or her behavior and emotional state. It has been proven to be highly effective in many areas such as anxiety and depression. DBT is a modified form of CBT where clients are taught mindfulness (living in the moment), how to tolerate and cope with stress, regulate emotions and develop healthy interpersonal relationships.
(713) 597-7329 View (713) 597-7329
Photo of Patricia Hutchinson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Crosby, TX
Patricia Hutchinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
Humble, TX 77345
Patricia Hutchinson is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Texas who started practicing in 2016. She obtained her Undergraduate Degree from Hardin Simmons University and her Master of Social Work degree from Lady of the Lake University. Patricia believes in working collaboratively with clients to help them identify their own strengths and goals. In her spare time, Patricia enjoys spending time with family, hiking, and camping.
Patricia Hutchinson is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Texas who started practicing in 2016. She obtained her Undergraduate Degree from Hardin Simmons University and her Master of Social Work degree from Lady of the Lake University. Patricia believes in working collaboratively with clients to help them identify their own strengths and goals. In her spare time, Patricia enjoys spending time with family, hiking, and camping.
(281) 941-6294 View (281) 941-6294
Photo of Jewel Ratcliff, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Crosby, TX
Jewel Ratcliff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Humble, TX 77345
Jewel Ratcliff is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Texas who has been practicing since 2020. Jewel provides an accepting and non-judgmental space that helps clients grow by uncovering strengths and learning new skills that help them navigate through the challenges and struggles that they are currently facing. She recognizes the strength, wisdom, and resiliency each of her clients has within themselves.
Jewel Ratcliff is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Texas who has been practicing since 2020. Jewel provides an accepting and non-judgmental space that helps clients grow by uncovering strengths and learning new skills that help them navigate through the challenges and struggles that they are currently facing. She recognizes the strength, wisdom, and resiliency each of her clients has within themselves.
(281) 801-4678 View (281) 801-4678
Photo of Capstone Connect,PLLC Counseling & Trauma Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Crosby, TX
Capstone Connect,PLLC Counseling & Trauma Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Kingwood, TX 77345
Welcome! I'm Haley Calhoun-Davis, therapist at Capstone Connect, PLLC. I see children, adolescents and adults. Choosing a therapist can be a very difficult decision. At Capstone Connect, we try to help make that process easier and help you feel informed.
Welcome! I'm Haley Calhoun-Davis, therapist at Capstone Connect, PLLC. I see children, adolescents and adults. Choosing a therapist can be a very difficult decision. At Capstone Connect, we try to help make that process easier and help you feel informed.
(832) 924-3776 View (832) 924-3776
Photo of HKA Counseling, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Crosby, TX
HKA Counseling, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Atascocita, TX 77346  (Online Only)
We work collaboratively with individuals to improve their quality of life through the use of effective treatments. This approach enables us to focus on our client's journey of self-exploration, self-compassion and growth. Our goal is to provide a safe and validating environment from which one can thrive!
We work collaboratively with individuals to improve their quality of life through the use of effective treatments. This approach enables us to focus on our client's journey of self-exploration, self-compassion and growth. Our goal is to provide a safe and validating environment from which one can thrive!
(281) 378-6332 View (281) 378-6332
Photo of April Harris, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Crosby, TX
April Harris
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77015  (Online Only)
Are you currently having issues with anxiety , stress and or depression? Does life seem difficult to manage? If so I would love to assist you empowering yourself to navigate all of life's challenges. I am a licensed clinical social worker with over 15 years of experience. I use a cognitive behavioral approach and mindfulness skills to help clients with anxiety , depression, and/ or stress work towards living their best lives. I live in Louisiana and I am licensed to provided therapy in LA, TX and SC.
Are you currently having issues with anxiety , stress and or depression? Does life seem difficult to manage? If so I would love to assist you empowering yourself to navigate all of life's challenges. I am a licensed clinical social worker with over 15 years of experience. I use a cognitive behavioral approach and mindfulness skills to help clients with anxiety , depression, and/ or stress work towards living their best lives. I live in Louisiana and I am licensed to provided therapy in LA, TX and SC.
(346) 699-5406 View (346) 699-5406
Photo of Dri Edwards, Licensed Professional Counselor in Crosby, TX
Dri Edwards
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Humble, TX 77346
Do you struggle with relationships, regulating your emotions, feelings of shame and guilt, and setting healthy boundaries? Do you feel unsafe in relationships, settings, and/or situations and find yourself hypervigilant for threats? You may be experiencing the effects of Developmental/Complex Trauma which typically results from repeated or multiple traumas experienced in childhood. Usually, these are interpersonal traumas where the caregivers unintentionally or intentionally fail to provide secure attachment, safety, and validation which can wire the developing brain mainly for survival rather than for trust in relationships.
Do you struggle with relationships, regulating your emotions, feelings of shame and guilt, and setting healthy boundaries? Do you feel unsafe in relationships, settings, and/or situations and find yourself hypervigilant for threats? You may be experiencing the effects of Developmental/Complex Trauma which typically results from repeated or multiple traumas experienced in childhood. Usually, these are interpersonal traumas where the caregivers unintentionally or intentionally fail to provide secure attachment, safety, and validation which can wire the developing brain mainly for survival rather than for trust in relationships.
(936) 251-0090 View (936) 251-0090

See more therapy options for Crosby

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Crosby, TX

< 10

Therapists in Crosby, TX who prioritize treating:

89% Depression
78% Anxiety
67% Family Conflict
67% Peer Relationships
67% Coping Skills
67% Self Esteem
67% Self-Harming

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Cigna and Evernorth
80% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
60% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Crosby, TX see their clients

78% In Person and Online
22% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
25% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Crosby?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.