Therapists in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA

Photo of Shena Jensen, Marriage & Family Therapist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Shena Jensen
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107  (Online Only)
I have specialized expertise in working with couples, and have successfully helped couples and individuals work through difficult relationship issues including challenging communication, betrayal, loss of intimacy, parenting challenges, sexual trauma, multicultural dynamics, and preparing for marriage.
I specialize in working with people who feel anxious, overwhelmed, or distressed in career, life situation, or around their relationships, whether with a significant other, family, friends, or social situations. Often this involves working with challenging relationship dynamics, insecurities, sense of self, sense of purpose, or past trauma. My approach combines my experience in both psychotherapy and coaching and is direct, compassionate, and transformative. I utilize the proven research focusing on the neurobiology of attachment along with a holistic toolbox including mindfulness and somatic (body oriented) awareness.
I have specialized expertise in working with couples, and have successfully helped couples and individuals work through difficult relationship issues including challenging communication, betrayal, loss of intimacy, parenting challenges, sexual trauma, multicultural dynamics, and preparing for marriage.
I specialize in working with people who feel anxious, overwhelmed, or distressed in career, life situation, or around their relationships, whether with a significant other, family, friends, or social situations. Often this involves working with challenging relationship dynamics, insecurities, sense of self, sense of purpose, or past trauma. My approach combines my experience in both psychotherapy and coaching and is direct, compassionate, and transformative. I utilize the proven research focusing on the neurobiology of attachment along with a holistic toolbox including mindfulness and somatic (body oriented) awareness.
(415) 446-1053 View (415) 446-1053
Photo of Mollie Tobias, Marriage & Family Therapist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Mollie Tobias
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107  (Online Only)
Certified Prepared and Enriched facilitator, working with pre marital couples to process their relationship.
Taking new clients via Telehealth- Are you finding yourself STUCK in personal and/or work relationships? Do you struggle communicating with your partner or in dating? Sometimes a person lacks the support system or the inner resources to make a change after a hard blow and could become depressed or anxious. I work with clients to help build up their strengths, attain the personal growth they want to accomplish, while bringing together the important components of physical, emotional, and spiritual health. I have extensive experience working with clients who are dealing with difficult relationships, sadness, anxiety, self-esteem, etc.
Certified Prepared and Enriched facilitator, working with pre marital couples to process their relationship.
Taking new clients via Telehealth- Are you finding yourself STUCK in personal and/or work relationships? Do you struggle communicating with your partner or in dating? Sometimes a person lacks the support system or the inner resources to make a change after a hard blow and could become depressed or anxious. I work with clients to help build up their strengths, attain the personal growth they want to accomplish, while bringing together the important components of physical, emotional, and spiritual health. I have extensive experience working with clients who are dealing with difficult relationships, sadness, anxiety, self-esteem, etc.
(415) 237-4307 View (415) 237-4307
Photo of Brittany Olsen, Marriage & Family Therapist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Brittany Olsen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107
I also counsel couples in all phases of the relationship -- pre-marital counseling, commitment concerns, marital challenges (communication, infidelity, negative relational patterns), the uncoupling process.
I work with clients to collaboratively develop a plan that addresses your needs, incorporates your strengths, and alleviates your symptoms in the most timely way possible. My approach is compassionate, solution-focused, and pragmatic. I believe that my clients ultimately know what is best for them, and it is my job to facilitate improvement through a empathic yet challenging therapeutic environment.
I also counsel couples in all phases of the relationship -- pre-marital counseling, commitment concerns, marital challenges (communication, infidelity, negative relational patterns), the uncoupling process.
I work with clients to collaboratively develop a plan that addresses your needs, incorporates your strengths, and alleviates your symptoms in the most timely way possible. My approach is compassionate, solution-focused, and pragmatic. I believe that my clients ultimately know what is best for them, and it is my job to facilitate improvement through a empathic yet challenging therapeutic environment.
(415) 799-8100 View (415) 799-8100
Photo of Diane Hough, Marriage & Family Therapist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Diane Hough
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107
I have been licensed as a Marriage Family Therapist and life coach for over 27 years. I see a client's issues in the context of the unfolding of the whole person. Making life changes can be a powerfully transformative experience. I offer a highly personalized approach tailored to my clients needs and interests, depending on whether you are more interested counseling or coaching, individual or couple's work. I offer a complimentary phone con to determine whether we may be a good fit. I offer a nonjudgmental and safe space to explore your concerns while also wanting to get you results. My style is supportive, and direct.
I have been licensed as a Marriage Family Therapist and life coach for over 27 years. I see a client's issues in the context of the unfolding of the whole person. Making life changes can be a powerfully transformative experience. I offer a highly personalized approach tailored to my clients needs and interests, depending on whether you are more interested counseling or coaching, individual or couple's work. I offer a complimentary phone con to determine whether we may be a good fit. I offer a nonjudgmental and safe space to explore your concerns while also wanting to get you results. My style is supportive, and direct.
(415) 312-0744 View (415) 312-0744
Photo of Panayiotis Frangos, Marriage & Family Therapist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Panayiotis Frangos
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107
I am licensed from the Board of Behavioral Sciences as a Marriage Family Therapist.  I graduated from Notre Dame de Namur with a Master's in Science Clinical Psychology MFT.  I was born in Greece and moved to the United States as a child, and have been a California Bay Area native ever since.  Growing up in a Greek household, I am able to speak Greek fluently and I am proficient in Spanish.  In my spare time, I am also learning Mandarin Chinese as languages are a passion of mine.
I am licensed from the Board of Behavioral Sciences as a Marriage Family Therapist.  I graduated from Notre Dame de Namur with a Master's in Science Clinical Psychology MFT.  I was born in Greece and moved to the United States as a child, and have been a California Bay Area native ever since.  Growing up in a Greek household, I am able to speak Greek fluently and I am proficient in Spanish.  In my spare time, I am also learning Mandarin Chinese as languages are a passion of mine.
(650) 525-2494 View (650) 525-2494
Photo of Elizabeth Davies, Licensed Professional Counselor in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Elizabeth Davies
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSAT, CMAT, EMDR
Verified Verified
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107
Is your Sexual Addiction and infidelity ruining your life and creating disturbance in your relationship or marriage? Do you want help? Your behavior does not define who you are; I know how to help you. I have extensive specialized training and experience that will help you learn how to manage out of control sexual behavior and the betrayal trauma to your partner. It's hard to talk about sexual problems, but I am both used to and comfortable with discussing these topics. I will work with you in a therapeutic style that is direct, to the point, respectful and confidential.
Is your Sexual Addiction and infidelity ruining your life and creating disturbance in your relationship or marriage? Do you want help? Your behavior does not define who you are; I know how to help you. I have extensive specialized training and experience that will help you learn how to manage out of control sexual behavior and the betrayal trauma to your partner. It's hard to talk about sexual problems, but I am both used to and comfortable with discussing these topics. I will work with you in a therapeutic style that is direct, to the point, respectful and confidential.
(918) 233-6318 View (918) 233-6318
Photo of Kathryn Christine & Calm Connections-Mental Health, Counselor in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Kathryn Christine & Calm Connections-Mental Health
Counselor, LPCC, MS, PPS
Verified Verified
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107  (Online Only)
I AM CURRENTLY ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS-My passion in life is to provide therapeutic counseling support and interventions for adults, adolescents, and children whom are experiencing difficulty in some area of their life. I have over 17 years of experience treating clients struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, relationship issues, trauma, self esteem, behavior/anger management, eating disorders, weight management and provide family and marriage therapy. I am currently providing tele-health services to provide support to clients throughout California! Please email or call if interested in making an appointment.
I AM CURRENTLY ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS-My passion in life is to provide therapeutic counseling support and interventions for adults, adolescents, and children whom are experiencing difficulty in some area of their life. I have over 17 years of experience treating clients struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, relationship issues, trauma, self esteem, behavior/anger management, eating disorders, weight management and provide family and marriage therapy. I am currently providing tele-health services to provide support to clients throughout California! Please email or call if interested in making an appointment.
(760) 705-1801 View (760) 705-1801
Photo of Anne Diedrich, Marriage & Family Therapist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Anne Diedrich
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107
I trust that people come to therapy seeking a more authentic happiness; and I work as best as I can to help clients let go of concepts and mistaken views of themselves that have led to more pain and confusion. I work with individuals, couples, children and families, bringing warmth and understanding to the relationships and life problems that surround us. Sometimes the first call is the most difficult. I am often available to speak briefly or will return your call as soon as possible, making the next steps and new perspectives possible.
I trust that people come to therapy seeking a more authentic happiness; and I work as best as I can to help clients let go of concepts and mistaken views of themselves that have led to more pain and confusion. I work with individuals, couples, children and families, bringing warmth and understanding to the relationships and life problems that surround us. Sometimes the first call is the most difficult. I am often available to speak briefly or will return your call as soon as possible, making the next steps and new perspectives possible.
(415) 944-3945 View (415) 944-3945
Photo of Nicole Minor - Expansive Therapy, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Nicole Minor - Expansive Therapy
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, AMFT
Verified Verified
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107
I value helping to foster a secure space and use an integrative approach to help clients feel empowered to reach their personal goals. Intersectionality has been paramount on my own personal healing journey and I have had the opportunity to work with clients who benefit from the same lens.
I value helping to foster a secure space and use an integrative approach to help clients feel empowered to reach their personal goals. Intersectionality has been paramount on my own personal healing journey and I have had the opportunity to work with clients who benefit from the same lens.
(628) 277-5830 View (628) 277-5830
Photo of Daniel R Ostrow, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Daniel R Ostrow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107
How do you wish to engage in life? Are you getting what you want? Are you getting too much of what you don’t want? We average over 6000 (mostly negative) thoughts a day. Are you wishing for more loving relationships, good will, affection and purpose in your life? Pain rolls through our lives and understandably we wish to avoid it. We often deflect pain but inevitably it returns. Our habitual behaviors take root over many years, often initially helpful but later in life constrict us. I offer an approach to notice how you incur distress by turning toward what you wish to avoid with a sense of curiosity and care.
How do you wish to engage in life? Are you getting what you want? Are you getting too much of what you don’t want? We average over 6000 (mostly negative) thoughts a day. Are you wishing for more loving relationships, good will, affection and purpose in your life? Pain rolls through our lives and understandably we wish to avoid it. We often deflect pain but inevitably it returns. Our habitual behaviors take root over many years, often initially helpful but later in life constrict us. I offer an approach to notice how you incur distress by turning toward what you wish to avoid with a sense of curiosity and care.
(628) 201-7016 View (628) 201-7016
Photo of Lisa Shields, Psychologist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Lisa Shields
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107  (Online Only)
Therapy is your journey. If you invite me to walk along beside you, I will offer to you my best critical thinking, understanding, compassion and theoretical knowledge based on 20 years of working in this field. I am adept at pointing out signposts, synchronicities, other paths and directions that you may not have noticed along the way. Sometimes we need another set of eyes to tell us when we are just about to step in something gooey and stinky. And other times we need help getting it off the bottoms of our shoes so that we can continue onward.
Therapy is your journey. If you invite me to walk along beside you, I will offer to you my best critical thinking, understanding, compassion and theoretical knowledge based on 20 years of working in this field. I am adept at pointing out signposts, synchronicities, other paths and directions that you may not have noticed along the way. Sometimes we need another set of eyes to tell us when we are just about to step in something gooey and stinky. And other times we need help getting it off the bottoms of our shoes so that we can continue onward.
(415) 795-2830 View (415) 795-2830
Photo of Darcy Dittrich, Marriage & Family Therapist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Darcy Dittrich
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107  (Online Only)
Something doesn't feel right, but you can’t quite figure it out. Or, you know exactly what you'd like to change, but you're not sure how to get there. You feel exhausted, overwhelmed, anxious, stressed, burnt out, sad, or lost. You feel like you're having the same issues happen over and over with people you care about. You're not alone in feeling hopeless, I believe “the answers” already lie within you and I'm here to help you find them. With a little help and exploration, we can all create meaningful change in our lives.
Something doesn't feel right, but you can’t quite figure it out. Or, you know exactly what you'd like to change, but you're not sure how to get there. You feel exhausted, overwhelmed, anxious, stressed, burnt out, sad, or lost. You feel like you're having the same issues happen over and over with people you care about. You're not alone in feeling hopeless, I believe “the answers” already lie within you and I'm here to help you find them. With a little help and exploration, we can all create meaningful change in our lives.
(415) 903-2756 View (415) 903-2756
Photo of Roni McKinley, Marriage & Family Therapist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Roni McKinley
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107  (Online Only)
I am a San Francisco based therapist providing psychotherapy, counseling and EMDR for individuals and couples. Among others, I work with individuals seeking to overcome internal blocks and improve functioning, create healthier coping strategies, recover from traumatic experiences, grapple with questions about identity and purpose. I support and encourage new perspectives, curiosity about self and others, cultivating resilience. I've helped my clients to address relationship challenges, career stresses or transitions, depression, anxiety, grief and loss, social isolation and the effects of recent and past trauma.
I am a San Francisco based therapist providing psychotherapy, counseling and EMDR for individuals and couples. Among others, I work with individuals seeking to overcome internal blocks and improve functioning, create healthier coping strategies, recover from traumatic experiences, grapple with questions about identity and purpose. I support and encourage new perspectives, curiosity about self and others, cultivating resilience. I've helped my clients to address relationship challenges, career stresses or transitions, depression, anxiety, grief and loss, social isolation and the effects of recent and past trauma.
(415) 483-7160 View (415) 483-7160
Photo of Claudine Solin Radford, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Claudine Solin Radford
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EdM
Verified Verified
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107
Are you deciding to try therapy for the first time, or considering a return to this work in a new phase of life? This leap, whether for you, or for your relationship, can be incredibly vulnerable. Healing + change require personal commitment, and trust in the therapist you choose to guide you through the process of re-patterning. The Individual Therapy, Couples Therapy, and Integrative Coaching I provide is insightful, proactive, and inspirational. I will support you to more fully connect with yourself, and more deeply in your relationships. When you are grounded, and your relationships are solid, your work in the world will be meaningful.
Are you deciding to try therapy for the first time, or considering a return to this work in a new phase of life? This leap, whether for you, or for your relationship, can be incredibly vulnerable. Healing + change require personal commitment, and trust in the therapist you choose to guide you through the process of re-patterning. The Individual Therapy, Couples Therapy, and Integrative Coaching I provide is insightful, proactive, and inspirational. I will support you to more fully connect with yourself, and more deeply in your relationships. When you are grounded, and your relationships are solid, your work in the world will be meaningful.
(415) 534-6277 View (415) 534-6277
Photo of Taylor Rechtschaffen, Marriage & Family Therapist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Taylor Rechtschaffen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107
Experiencing anxiety, fear, anger, and sadness is a natural part of being human. How you respond to these emotions is what makes all the difference and can dictate whether you sink and struggle or thrive and grow. Amazingly, it is by facing and bringing love to what you wish you could 'get rid of' that allows parts of you to transform and metabolize into the power and grace you long to feel. My job is to help you navigate this journey and learn the skills to be your own captain; to help you see how much choice you actually have.
Experiencing anxiety, fear, anger, and sadness is a natural part of being human. How you respond to these emotions is what makes all the difference and can dictate whether you sink and struggle or thrive and grow. Amazingly, it is by facing and bringing love to what you wish you could 'get rid of' that allows parts of you to transform and metabolize into the power and grace you long to feel. My job is to help you navigate this journey and learn the skills to be your own captain; to help you see how much choice you actually have.
(415) 767-1682 View (415) 767-1682
Photo of McCandless Petty, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
McCandless Petty
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107
I became a therapist because I love people and their stories. I appreciate the complexity of people, the therapeutic process, and the reality that multiple truths of the human experience don’t often fit together neatly. Part of my work as a therapist helps people dig down to their truths so they can better hold themselves and communicate honestly with others. In my practice, I have seen therapy facilitate deep personal growth and expansion. As we know and expand ourselves, we can all better hold complexity and bring more health and balance into our lives.
I became a therapist because I love people and their stories. I appreciate the complexity of people, the therapeutic process, and the reality that multiple truths of the human experience don’t often fit together neatly. Part of my work as a therapist helps people dig down to their truths so they can better hold themselves and communicate honestly with others. In my practice, I have seen therapy facilitate deep personal growth and expansion. As we know and expand ourselves, we can all better hold complexity and bring more health and balance into our lives.
(628) 277-5796 View (628) 277-5796
Photo of Bill Caperton, Psychologist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Bill Caperton
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107  (Online Only)
I am a Counseling Psychologist and psychoanalytic psychotherapist with a special interest in helping artists, writers, actors, musicians and creative spirits of all types achieve their full potential. I am also interested in working with men around issues of fatherhood, masculinity, and relationships. I have completed specialized training working with college, medical, and professional students (UCLA and USC Health Science Campus), as well as veterans (Minneapolis and Milwaukee VA).
I am a Counseling Psychologist and psychoanalytic psychotherapist with a special interest in helping artists, writers, actors, musicians and creative spirits of all types achieve their full potential. I am also interested in working with men around issues of fatherhood, masculinity, and relationships. I have completed specialized training working with college, medical, and professional students (UCLA and USC Health Science Campus), as well as veterans (Minneapolis and Milwaukee VA).
(310) 929-9964 View (310) 929-9964
Photo of Sunny Choi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Sunny Choi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107
Are you feeling stuck? Are you struggling with relationships or work fulfillment? Do you want to feel joyful, satisfied, and less anxious? I care about your well-being and helping you find happiness and balance is my passion. My approach is non-judgmental and collaborative. I can help you understand and change the negative patterns that contribute to your emotional distress. I’ll teach you innovative techniques to enhance your mood, improve your relationships, and live a happier, more meaningful life. As a former corporate high-tech employee, an Asian immigrant, and an LGBTQ person of color, I can relate to many of your struggles.
Are you feeling stuck? Are you struggling with relationships or work fulfillment? Do you want to feel joyful, satisfied, and less anxious? I care about your well-being and helping you find happiness and balance is my passion. My approach is non-judgmental and collaborative. I can help you understand and change the negative patterns that contribute to your emotional distress. I’ll teach you innovative techniques to enhance your mood, improve your relationships, and live a happier, more meaningful life. As a former corporate high-tech employee, an Asian immigrant, and an LGBTQ person of color, I can relate to many of your struggles.
(650) 376-7782 View (650) 376-7782
Photo of Izzy Nance, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Izzy Nance, MFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107
I love seeing folks at a turning point in their lives, who want to heal painful beliefs or repeating relational patterns, to find direction and self-love. With modalities of Gestalt awareness, Jungian imaginal discovery, Existential inquiry, psychoeducation and caring exploration, we dive into what wants to be seen. I see clients recover from dysfunctional family systems, addiction, and codependency. We heal past wounds and build self-support for increased choicefulness. I reference 12-step models, having over 20 years experience with them. I respect recovering individuals who often have readiness to do deep therapeutic work.
I love seeing folks at a turning point in their lives, who want to heal painful beliefs or repeating relational patterns, to find direction and self-love. With modalities of Gestalt awareness, Jungian imaginal discovery, Existential inquiry, psychoeducation and caring exploration, we dive into what wants to be seen. I see clients recover from dysfunctional family systems, addiction, and codependency. We heal past wounds and build self-support for increased choicefulness. I reference 12-step models, having over 20 years experience with them. I respect recovering individuals who often have readiness to do deep therapeutic work.
(510) 650-1874 View (510) 650-1874
Photo of Rachel Packer, Marriage & Family Therapist in Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA
Rachel Packer
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Potrero Hill, San Francisco, CA 94107
Each client walks through my door with their own struggle. And although each person comes with their own unique story, the one thing that clients do share is a search for a more fulfilled life or a greater sense of self. I support clients as they navigate life's harder transitions - a loss of a relationship, the transition to becoming a parent, a job transition, or simply figuring out who they truly are and want to be. We work together to notice and shift your inner critic that so frequently gets in the way. Additionally, I support couples as they work through the challenges and desires that come with a relationship.
Each client walks through my door with their own struggle. And although each person comes with their own unique story, the one thing that clients do share is a search for a more fulfilled life or a greater sense of self. I support clients as they navigate life's harder transitions - a loss of a relationship, the transition to becoming a parent, a job transition, or simply figuring out who they truly are and want to be. We work together to notice and shift your inner critic that so frequently gets in the way. Additionally, I support couples as they work through the challenges and desires that come with a relationship.
(415) 553-5529 View (415) 553-5529

See more therapy options for Potrero Hill, San Francisco

Marriage Counseling Therapists

How does marriage counseling work?

Marriage counseling works by teaching couples concrete skills to communicate with one another and solve disagreements in healthy ways. A trained mental health professional works with both members of a couple to explore difficulties the couple may be having and helps them develop skills to address these matters. Couples who don’t have any difficulties but want to prepare for marriage may develop skills for the future.

How long does marriage counseling typically last?

Marriage counseling is a short-term form of therapy; the process may last between four and eight sessions. Other forms of relationship guidance from mental health professionals, such as couples therapy, are longer lasting, may focus on the past rather than just the present, and are tailored to the individual couple and their emotions, history, and patterns in the relationship. Couples therapy often lasts for 12 weeks or longer.

Is marriage counseling effective?

Marriage counseling helps many couples develop relationship skills that may not have been acquired or tested in a relationship; partners may be better able to communicate and address conflict following counseling. However, there are many different forms of marriage counseling, and this form of counseling does not have as strong an evidence base as other modalities such as couples therapy.

Is marriage counseling effective if only one partner wants to go?

Yes, marriage counseling can still be effective if one partner convinces the other to engage in the process. Of course, whether counseling is effective depends on the couple’s commitment to work on their relationship; however, the short-term, skills-based nature of marriage counseling makes it a relatively easy “ask” of a partner, and the hesitant individual may see its value once counseling begins.