Therapists in San Francisco, CA

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Photo of Gabe Cortez, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in San Francisco, CA
Gabe Cortez
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102
Waitlist for new clients
Therapy is hard to define. We each carry our own singular experience into the process: our unique histories, our complex tapestry of relationships, our love, our pain, our wounds, and our scars. Therapy is as unique and complex as each of us, thus we each experience it in our own way. I believe our complexity is a gift, although at times our lives can feel like a mystery, even to ourselves. We feel stuck and confused, unsure of how to heal or grow, and we wonder if we can ever truly thrive. Many of us wonder if there’s a recipe for our healing and growth, or if perhaps there’s a map we could follow, if only we could find it.
Therapy is hard to define. We each carry our own singular experience into the process: our unique histories, our complex tapestry of relationships, our love, our pain, our wounds, and our scars. Therapy is as unique and complex as each of us, thus we each experience it in our own way. I believe our complexity is a gift, although at times our lives can feel like a mystery, even to ourselves. We feel stuck and confused, unsure of how to heal or grow, and we wonder if we can ever truly thrive. Many of us wonder if there’s a recipe for our healing and growth, or if perhaps there’s a map we could follow, if only we could find it.
(415) 301-6325 View (415) 301-6325
Photo of Leah R Finn, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Leah R Finn
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94109  (Online Only)
As your therapist, I create an environment for you to feel safe to explore fears, challenges and your deepest desires. I'm here to empower you! I'll offer a variety of techniques and collaborate with you in developing goals to co-create a therapeutic experience, facilitating healing and personal growth. I use an anti-oppression, disability justice framework and consider how ethnicity, class, gender, age, ability and sexuality intersect. My background as a community organizer for social justice informs my practice. I will tailor our work together to address your unique and specific needs and preferences.
As your therapist, I create an environment for you to feel safe to explore fears, challenges and your deepest desires. I'm here to empower you! I'll offer a variety of techniques and collaborate with you in developing goals to co-create a therapeutic experience, facilitating healing and personal growth. I use an anti-oppression, disability justice framework and consider how ethnicity, class, gender, age, ability and sexuality intersect. My background as a community organizer for social justice informs my practice. I will tailor our work together to address your unique and specific needs and preferences.
(510) 560-7164 View (510) 560-7164
Photo of Shannon Gallina, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Shannon Gallina
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
I am passionate about helping people feel better. I am trained to treat a variety of issues, but I have an emphasis on treating anxiety. Other common issues that I treat are relationship issues, OCD, depression, life transitions, family conflict, co-dependency, and self-esteem. My personal style is warm, supportive, and direct. I am solution-focused and like to give my clients specific coping strategies to use.
I am passionate about helping people feel better. I am trained to treat a variety of issues, but I have an emphasis on treating anxiety. Other common issues that I treat are relationship issues, OCD, depression, life transitions, family conflict, co-dependency, and self-esteem. My personal style is warm, supportive, and direct. I am solution-focused and like to give my clients specific coping strategies to use.
(415) 915-3092 View (415) 915-3092
Photo of Elizabeth Owens, Associate Clinical Social Worker in San Francisco, CA
Elizabeth Owens
Associate Clinical Social Worker, ACSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102
I enjoy working with an array of different types of individuals. Some of the people I work with are looking to gain tangible skills to overcome particular challenges in their lives, such as social anxiety, phobias, and OCD. Others seek out therapy with me because they are navigating life transitions, experiencing relationship difficulties, or looking to better understand themselves. My hope would be that throughout the course of therapy, their goals might evolve as they experience some relief from their symptoms and would shift to exploring their own values, identity, and spirituality.
I enjoy working with an array of different types of individuals. Some of the people I work with are looking to gain tangible skills to overcome particular challenges in their lives, such as social anxiety, phobias, and OCD. Others seek out therapy with me because they are navigating life transitions, experiencing relationship difficulties, or looking to better understand themselves. My hope would be that throughout the course of therapy, their goals might evolve as they experience some relief from their symptoms and would shift to exploring their own values, identity, and spirituality.
(628) 203-7796 View (628) 203-7796
Photo of LaTosha Akana, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
LaTosha Akana
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94122
I am a licensed marriage and family therapist committed to treating individuals, couples, and families. My clinical interests include treating couples’ issues in transition periods (preparing for marriage, parenthood, or divorce), spiritual or religious issues, depression, anxiety, trauma, and other life transition issues. I use a variety of therapeutic approaches in working with clients and the relationships they have in their lives. Using an integrative change model, I highlight the strengths of different theories to fit the client’s identified needs.
I am a licensed marriage and family therapist committed to treating individuals, couples, and families. My clinical interests include treating couples’ issues in transition periods (preparing for marriage, parenthood, or divorce), spiritual or religious issues, depression, anxiety, trauma, and other life transition issues. I use a variety of therapeutic approaches in working with clients and the relationships they have in their lives. Using an integrative change model, I highlight the strengths of different theories to fit the client’s identified needs.
(415) 888-9744 View (415) 888-9744
Photo of Dawn Amy Osterweil, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Dawn Amy Osterweil
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115
I am a Clinical Psychologist and Board Certified Clinical Neuropsychologist in private practice in San Francisco. I provide consultation and conduct psychological assessment and neuropsychological assessment with individuals suffering from trauma due to accidents, injuries, illness, captivity and torture, loss of loved ones, and loss of limb, as well as mild through severe traumatic brain injury and other neurological conditions. I have a background in directing the neuropsychology services of inpatient, outpatient, and day treatment brain injury and pain programs. I provide testimony in arbitrations, depositions, and trials in civil cases.
I am a Clinical Psychologist and Board Certified Clinical Neuropsychologist in private practice in San Francisco. I provide consultation and conduct psychological assessment and neuropsychological assessment with individuals suffering from trauma due to accidents, injuries, illness, captivity and torture, loss of loved ones, and loss of limb, as well as mild through severe traumatic brain injury and other neurological conditions. I have a background in directing the neuropsychology services of inpatient, outpatient, and day treatment brain injury and pain programs. I provide testimony in arbitrations, depositions, and trials in civil cases.
(415) 903-8813 x2 View (415) 903-8813 x2
Photo of Ashley Paul, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Ashley Paul
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94123
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with a passion for self-exploration and personal development, especially regarding balancing the emotional and intellectual sides. Trust, authenticity, and validation are my most-used tools throughout my therapeutic process.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with a passion for self-exploration and personal development, especially regarding balancing the emotional and intellectual sides. Trust, authenticity, and validation are my most-used tools throughout my therapeutic process.
(415) 801-3848 View (415) 801-3848
Photo of Tyler Vasconcellos, Psy.D., Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Tyler Vasconcellos, Psy.D.
Psychologist
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102
Accepting new patients (Updated: 4/24). You've been feeling anxious, depressed, burnt out, frustrated, or unfulfilled. By now, you've tried everything you can think of to solve your problems. You may have been let down by your friends, your family, or even other therapists and are wondering how I could possibly help you. Don't worry. I won't make false promises and don't offer my clients trendy "fad" therapies; but, with some hard work, I'll help you begin the process of turning things around.
Accepting new patients (Updated: 4/24). You've been feeling anxious, depressed, burnt out, frustrated, or unfulfilled. By now, you've tried everything you can think of to solve your problems. You may have been let down by your friends, your family, or even other therapists and are wondering how I could possibly help you. Don't worry. I won't make false promises and don't offer my clients trendy "fad" therapies; but, with some hard work, I'll help you begin the process of turning things around.
(415) 343-5286 View (415) 343-5286
Photo of Chay Tanchanco, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Chay Tanchanco
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94132  (Online Only)
Do you feel anxious about your relationship or dating? Do you struggle with putting everyone else's needs ahead of your own? Are you afraid your partner will leave or cheat? I help women who are feeling anxious, stop feeling overwhelmed with emotion so their relationships don’t suffer, and they can feel like themselves again. I get it. Relationships can hard and confusing. We care and want so much it can make us doubt ourselves.
Do you feel anxious about your relationship or dating? Do you struggle with putting everyone else's needs ahead of your own? Are you afraid your partner will leave or cheat? I help women who are feeling anxious, stop feeling overwhelmed with emotion so their relationships don’t suffer, and they can feel like themselves again. I get it. Relationships can hard and confusing. We care and want so much it can make us doubt ourselves.
(415) 985-1073 View (415) 985-1073
Photo of Katherine (Katie) Behm, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Katherine (Katie) Behm
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115  (Online Only)
I work with individuals, children, and couples who are facing ongoing or sudden challenges in their lives. My adult clients might be feeling disconnected from themselves and others, uncertain about their life path, or just ready for a change. By implementing body-oriented and cognitive-behavioral practices, I will support you in healing old wounds, breaking free from unhelpful patterns, and creating the life that you want.
I work with individuals, children, and couples who are facing ongoing or sudden challenges in their lives. My adult clients might be feeling disconnected from themselves and others, uncertain about their life path, or just ready for a change. By implementing body-oriented and cognitive-behavioral practices, I will support you in healing old wounds, breaking free from unhelpful patterns, and creating the life that you want.
(415) 366-9014 View (415) 366-9014
Photo of Seth Isaiah Rubin, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Seth Isaiah Rubin
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115
Profound Transformations Are Possible for Suffering Professionals. I specialize in helping health care providers, lawyers, scientists, academics, and other psychologists achieve meaningful life changes through private consulting.
Profound Transformations Are Possible for Suffering Professionals. I specialize in helping health care providers, lawyers, scientists, academics, and other psychologists achieve meaningful life changes through private consulting.
(650) 603-0554 View (650) 603-0554
Photo of Emma Farr Rawlings, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Emma Farr Rawlings
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94123
1976,studies in Jungian, Psychosynthesis & Gestalt. 1983, completed Intensive Psychosynthesis Training with, Diana Whitmore, UK and Piero Ferrucci, Italy. 1977 , Staff Therapist at Diabasis House, San Francisco, a Jungian oriented residential alternative to hospitalization for acutely psychotic young adults,using no medication and offering Spiritual Crisis Intervention & Somatic Psychotherapy(1978-1982).Worked one on one with Autistic children, Buck Foundation Research(1982-1984).1980..., trained with Dr. Ron Alexander Ph.D,originator of the Open Mind Training. Completed Intensive Medical Intuitive Training with Caroline Myss and Norm Shealy M.D.(1995-1997).Diplomate, Comprehensive Energy Psychology,ACEP(2006-present)
1976,studies in Jungian, Psychosynthesis & Gestalt. 1983, completed Intensive Psychosynthesis Training with, Diana Whitmore, UK and Piero Ferrucci, Italy. 1977 , Staff Therapist at Diabasis House, San Francisco, a Jungian oriented residential alternative to hospitalization for acutely psychotic young adults,using no medication and offering Spiritual Crisis Intervention & Somatic Psychotherapy(1978-1982).Worked one on one with Autistic children, Buck Foundation Research(1982-1984).1980..., trained with Dr. Ron Alexander Ph.D,originator of the Open Mind Training. Completed Intensive Medical Intuitive Training with Caroline Myss and Norm Shealy M.D.(1995-1997).Diplomate, Comprehensive Energy Psychology,ACEP(2006-present)
(415) 367-3130 View (415) 367-3130
Photo of Lea Reyes | Relationships, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Lea Reyes | Relationships
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPC, MS
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94123  (Online Only)
Struggles in your relationship can be overwhelming and confusing where you're constantly arguing over small things and feel a growing distance as a couple. "How did things get to this point and how do I fix it?" I want you to know that I understand because I have been in your shoes. I know the pain and frustration that comes with feeling disconnected in a relationship
Struggles in your relationship can be overwhelming and confusing where you're constantly arguing over small things and feel a growing distance as a couple. "How did things get to this point and how do I fix it?" I want you to know that I understand because I have been in your shoes. I know the pain and frustration that comes with feeling disconnected in a relationship
(714) 912-1745 View (714) 912-1745
Photo of Abbie Endres, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Abbie Endres
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, PMH-C
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94131  (Online Only)
You've begun a courageous search. Take heart, healing is possible. My work is rooted in the body/mind connection, nourished by the imagination, and anchored in the support of our therapy relationship. My style includes both directing and listening. I understand that your timing and willingness to explore your concerns are unique and must be navigated with respect. We work together to take stock, talk about your goals, and gather the tools needed - from your own strengths, the training I bring, and a community of resources - to help you continue your journey of wellbeing.
You've begun a courageous search. Take heart, healing is possible. My work is rooted in the body/mind connection, nourished by the imagination, and anchored in the support of our therapy relationship. My style includes both directing and listening. I understand that your timing and willingness to explore your concerns are unique and must be navigated with respect. We work together to take stock, talk about your goals, and gather the tools needed - from your own strengths, the training I bring, and a community of resources - to help you continue your journey of wellbeing.
(415) 322-3318 View (415) 322-3318
Photo of Erica Esmail Rath, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Erica Esmail Rath
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115
Being a therapist is one of the greatest joys in my life. It allows me the opportunity to encourage and witness the human growth process in a profound and personal way. Research shows that modern day distress is caused by isolation and disconnection, which many of us feel even in relationships. We are social creatures who thrive when we feel connected, especially to those who matter the most to us. The work and goal of therapy is to explore and strengthen our connections, first and foremost to ourselves, then to our partners, our families, or people in general.
Being a therapist is one of the greatest joys in my life. It allows me the opportunity to encourage and witness the human growth process in a profound and personal way. Research shows that modern day distress is caused by isolation and disconnection, which many of us feel even in relationships. We are social creatures who thrive when we feel connected, especially to those who matter the most to us. The work and goal of therapy is to explore and strengthen our connections, first and foremost to ourselves, then to our partners, our families, or people in general.
(415) 366-8455 View (415) 366-8455
Photo of Palak Kothari, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Palak Kothari
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94131  (Online Only)
You may be emotionally, physically, or spiritually in a space in your life that you might describe as challenging, confusing, and/or uncontrollable. There might be different struggles, that somehow reflect a similar underlying process. Perhaps, one that involves fear, avoidance, escaping, 'trying so hard', and eventually feeling helpless. Though our struggles may differ on the exterior, the underlying process is what often reflects our perspectives and emotional health. Addressing vs resisting our challenges can deepen our confidence in our ability to work through them. Thus, creating the space for a calm and grounded experience.
You may be emotionally, physically, or spiritually in a space in your life that you might describe as challenging, confusing, and/or uncontrollable. There might be different struggles, that somehow reflect a similar underlying process. Perhaps, one that involves fear, avoidance, escaping, 'trying so hard', and eventually feeling helpless. Though our struggles may differ on the exterior, the underlying process is what often reflects our perspectives and emotional health. Addressing vs resisting our challenges can deepen our confidence in our ability to work through them. Thus, creating the space for a calm and grounded experience.
(650) 694-9873 View (650) 694-9873
Photo of Justine Fan, Pre-Licensed Professional in San Francisco, CA
Justine Fan
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115
If you're looking for a therapist who brings authenticity, warmth, and a feminist sensibility to their work, I might be the person to help! I typically work with clients who find themselves at complex intersections of identity, especially around sexuality, gender and culture. Many of my clients are children of immigrants, and/or queer and trans people of color, navigating questions about family and relationships. I can offer an affirming space work through intergenerational trauma and feelings of cultural guilt or shame. I am also able to support clients wit common concerns like anxiety, depression, stress management & more.
If you're looking for a therapist who brings authenticity, warmth, and a feminist sensibility to their work, I might be the person to help! I typically work with clients who find themselves at complex intersections of identity, especially around sexuality, gender and culture. Many of my clients are children of immigrants, and/or queer and trans people of color, navigating questions about family and relationships. I can offer an affirming space work through intergenerational trauma and feelings of cultural guilt or shame. I am also able to support clients wit common concerns like anxiety, depression, stress management & more.
(415) 741-5533 View (415) 741-5533
Photo of Katja Monika Rapp, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Katja Monika Rapp
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
I believe that we all have resources within us that help us through life's difficulties and can also provide healing, but sometimes we need a little help and guidance on our way to get back on the path that is right for us. I want to help guide you back to this route and find a connection to your “Self” again, using an approach that is tailored to your individual needs. I specialize in working with individuals who struggle with eating disorders, trauma, grief, loss, LGBTQ+, HIV and AIDS, substance abuse, as well as, anxiety and depression/bipolar.
I believe that we all have resources within us that help us through life's difficulties and can also provide healing, but sometimes we need a little help and guidance on our way to get back on the path that is right for us. I want to help guide you back to this route and find a connection to your “Self” again, using an approach that is tailored to your individual needs. I specialize in working with individuals who struggle with eating disorders, trauma, grief, loss, LGBTQ+, HIV and AIDS, substance abuse, as well as, anxiety and depression/bipolar.
(415) 403-2482 View (415) 403-2482
Photo of Laura C Whyte, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Laura C Whyte
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94133
My name is Laura Whyte and I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker in private practice. I have over 12 years of experience working with clients and professionals in a variety of inpatient and outpatient settings. I employ a collaborative therapeutic approach that encourages informed decisions about action and change. Sessions will focus on exploring your personal values and goals allowing you to move towards the life you want with confidence and optimism. My goal in practice is to help you recognize your strengths and build upon them. I look forward to working with you!
My name is Laura Whyte and I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker in private practice. I have over 12 years of experience working with clients and professionals in a variety of inpatient and outpatient settings. I employ a collaborative therapeutic approach that encourages informed decisions about action and change. Sessions will focus on exploring your personal values and goals allowing you to move towards the life you want with confidence and optimism. My goal in practice is to help you recognize your strengths and build upon them. I look forward to working with you!
(628) 265-8382 View (628) 265-8382
Photo of Michael J Smith, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Michael J Smith
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114
Thank you for taking a moment to view my profile. I provide an authentic, caring and safe environment that allows for clients to access their own internal resources to do the all-important work of therapy. Evening and Saturday availability.
Thank you for taking a moment to view my profile. I provide an authentic, caring and safe environment that allows for clients to access their own internal resources to do the all-important work of therapy. Evening and Saturday availability.
(415) 237-0633 View (415) 237-0633

See more therapy options for San Francisco

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Francisco, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$189

Therapists in San Francisco, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
55% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
54% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in San Francisco, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
23% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Francisco?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.