Therapists in Ann Arbor, MI

Photo of Imojean (Jeanie) L Robinson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Imojean (Jeanie) L Robinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48108  (Online Only)
Hello, and welcome to my profile. My name is Jeanie Robinson and I am here to gladly serve you! As a therapist, I am deeply invested in the care of my clients. You may be reading this because you're feeling: hopeless, sad, anxious, angry, stressed, frustrated with life, or emotionally/spiritually exhausted and you don't know where to turn. Maybe you simply need a safe space to talk and process hurtful experiences. Perhaps you are looking for someone who can help you navigate current difficult moments or transitions in your life. Wherever you are on this spectrum; I'm here to gladly walk with you along your journey to healing.
Hello, and welcome to my profile. My name is Jeanie Robinson and I am here to gladly serve you! As a therapist, I am deeply invested in the care of my clients. You may be reading this because you're feeling: hopeless, sad, anxious, angry, stressed, frustrated with life, or emotionally/spiritually exhausted and you don't know where to turn. Maybe you simply need a safe space to talk and process hurtful experiences. Perhaps you are looking for someone who can help you navigate current difficult moments or transitions in your life. Wherever you are on this spectrum; I'm here to gladly walk with you along your journey to healing.
(734) 876-8253 View (734) 876-8253
Photo of David Votruba PhD PLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
David Votruba PhD PLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, PLC, LMSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
The individuals, couples, and families with whom I work are interested in understanding and addressing not only certain specific emergent problems such as those associated with adjustment and relationship difficulties, depression, and anxiety, but also the underlying thoughts, feelings, and behavioral and relational patterns that have contributed to the development of these problems. Through a collaborative, empathic, psychotherapeutic process, these individuals, couples, and families expand and utilize their skills, strengths, and self-understanding in order to live more meaningful and rewarding lives.
The individuals, couples, and families with whom I work are interested in understanding and addressing not only certain specific emergent problems such as those associated with adjustment and relationship difficulties, depression, and anxiety, but also the underlying thoughts, feelings, and behavioral and relational patterns that have contributed to the development of these problems. Through a collaborative, empathic, psychotherapeutic process, these individuals, couples, and families expand and utilize their skills, strengths, and self-understanding in order to live more meaningful and rewarding lives.
(734) 265-0984 View (734) 265-0984
Photo of Celia Kamps, LCSW, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Celia Kamps, LCSW, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48103  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
How many times have you looked at this website? (Yea, me too. I wondered if this would be the best way to connect with clients). And now you are trying to find a good therapist–someone who will relate to you. Let me start off by stating how important I think mental health is to the well-being of an individual. I believe that it colors everything that one does. While life isn’t always perfect, one can look at life- process, develop options and just try it out. It really isn’t clear cut like that and processing takes time. Maybe that is why I am in this field–to help people to look at their lives and to make their lives better.
How many times have you looked at this website? (Yea, me too. I wondered if this would be the best way to connect with clients). And now you are trying to find a good therapist–someone who will relate to you. Let me start off by stating how important I think mental health is to the well-being of an individual. I believe that it colors everything that one does. While life isn’t always perfect, one can look at life- process, develop options and just try it out. It really isn’t clear cut like that and processing takes time. Maybe that is why I am in this field–to help people to look at their lives and to make their lives better.
(315) 737-4307 View (315) 737-4307
Photo of Mel Whalen Ph.D., Psychologist in Ann Arbor, MI
Mel Whalen Ph.D.
Psychologist, LP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48103  (Online Only)
As a therapist, I approach all of my work from a social justice framework. I enjoy working with clients from diverse backgrounds, including those struggling with chronic illness or dynamic disabilities. I work with clients to set realistic, attainable goals for treatment. I aim for transparency in everything that I do. I particularly enjoy supporting women, members of the LGBTQ community and clients from other marginalized groups. I am culturally Deaf and fluent in ASL, and as such, I serve many Deaf clients. However, spoken English is my native language, so many of my clients are also hearing.
As a therapist, I approach all of my work from a social justice framework. I enjoy working with clients from diverse backgrounds, including those struggling with chronic illness or dynamic disabilities. I work with clients to set realistic, attainable goals for treatment. I aim for transparency in everything that I do. I particularly enjoy supporting women, members of the LGBTQ community and clients from other marginalized groups. I am culturally Deaf and fluent in ASL, and as such, I serve many Deaf clients. However, spoken English is my native language, so many of my clients are also hearing.
(734) 672-3162 View (734) 672-3162
Photo of Lisa Gorman Ufer, Marriage & Family Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Lisa Gorman Ufer
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Relationships play an important role in our overall well-being. If you are sad, anxious, or overwhelmed by life, you might notice that your relationships are suffering as well. I specialize in working with intimate relationships, life transitions, family problems, and personal growth. I work with individuals, couples, and families with a variety of concerns.
Relationships play an important role in our overall well-being. If you are sad, anxious, or overwhelmed by life, you might notice that your relationships are suffering as well. I specialize in working with intimate relationships, life transitions, family problems, and personal growth. I work with individuals, couples, and families with a variety of concerns.
(734) 672-3734 View (734) 672-3734
Photo of Ashley Magers, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Ashley Magers
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48103
Are you frequently feeling irritated or overwhelmed and finding it difficult to accept yourself and your limitations? Are you noticing feelings of resentment towards others in your life? Are you adjusting to a life transition, such as pregnancy or parenthood? If you would like to deepen your clarity and self-compassion as you explore what choices you have to change how you connect with yourself and in your relationships, Ashley would love the opportunity to come alongside you at this point in your journey!
Are you frequently feeling irritated or overwhelmed and finding it difficult to accept yourself and your limitations? Are you noticing feelings of resentment towards others in your life? Are you adjusting to a life transition, such as pregnancy or parenthood? If you would like to deepen your clarity and self-compassion as you explore what choices you have to change how you connect with yourself and in your relationships, Ashley would love the opportunity to come alongside you at this point in your journey!
(734) 294-0731 View (734) 294-0731
Photo of Melissa Stephen And Trooper, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Melissa Stephen And Trooper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW, MFA, E-RYT, MSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48105
Accepting new clients. Trauma informed therapist. Are you experiencing anxiety, depression, chronic pain or illness, PTSD, panic attacks, food addiction, binge eating, grief, divorce, ADHD, phobias, test anxiety, public speaking? Do you seek change? Let’s do the work in therapy so you can live the life you want to live. Change is possible. I am committed to establishing trusting, meaningful relationships to inspire change. I purposefully create an affirming environment where you'll feel validated and empowered to embrace change. Choose either virtual therapy or come meet Trooper and me in-person for tail wags & warm greetings.
Accepting new clients. Trauma informed therapist. Are you experiencing anxiety, depression, chronic pain or illness, PTSD, panic attacks, food addiction, binge eating, grief, divorce, ADHD, phobias, test anxiety, public speaking? Do you seek change? Let’s do the work in therapy so you can live the life you want to live. Change is possible. I am committed to establishing trusting, meaningful relationships to inspire change. I purposefully create an affirming environment where you'll feel validated and empowered to embrace change. Choose either virtual therapy or come meet Trooper and me in-person for tail wags & warm greetings.
(734) 927-9068 View (734) 927-9068
Photo of Jay J Radin, Psychologist in Ann Arbor, MI
Jay J Radin
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48105  (Online Only)
In beginning a therapy, I first try to create an environment that is non-judgmental and accepting. Comfort and trust are indispensable for developing a strong working relationship in psychotherapy. During the course of therapy, I try to help identify and explore problem areas at face value at the time they are presented. I also stay attuned to dimensions of personal struggles that are not readily apparent.
In beginning a therapy, I first try to create an environment that is non-judgmental and accepting. Comfort and trust are indispensable for developing a strong working relationship in psychotherapy. During the course of therapy, I try to help identify and explore problem areas at face value at the time they are presented. I also stay attuned to dimensions of personal struggles that are not readily apparent.
(734) 335-1429 View (734) 335-1429
Photo of Colin Horn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Colin Horn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48108
My practice spans working with individuals, couples and families, as well as teaching courses in Family Systems, Relationship Conflicts and Parenting. I am specialized in family and marital therapy, managing anxiety and depression, chemical dependency and addictions. I also provide supervision to clinicians to benefit their practice of psychotherapy.
My practice spans working with individuals, couples and families, as well as teaching courses in Family Systems, Relationship Conflicts and Parenting. I am specialized in family and marital therapy, managing anxiety and depression, chemical dependency and addictions. I also provide supervision to clinicians to benefit their practice of psychotherapy.
(734) 396-0413 View (734) 396-0413
Photo of Kristis Cogswell-Boettcher, Counselor in Ann Arbor, MI
Kristis Cogswell-Boettcher
Counselor, LLPC
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104  (Online Only)
I am a graduate of the University of South Carolina and have a Master's in Clinical Psychology from the Citadel. Before I went into private practice, I spent 12 years providing services to victims of domestic and sexual violence in community based agencies.
I am a graduate of the University of South Carolina and have a Master's in Clinical Psychology from the Citadel. Before I went into private practice, I spent 12 years providing services to victims of domestic and sexual violence in community based agencies.
(734) 802-1835 View (734) 802-1835
Photo of Beth Chapman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Beth Chapman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48104  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My approach to the therapeutic relationship is to establish a warm, collaborative, supportive, and useful relationship that helps the client meet their personal needs for emotional growth, healthy relationships, and understanding their deep-seated reactions to their environment. I strive to meet people where they are at, without judgement, to help overcome any barriers they are facing externally or internally. I rely on establishing a relationship where all emotions/needs/fears/critiques are welcome, and everything is worth talking through in a safe space. I am committed to anti-racism, queer-friendliness, and I reject diet culture.
My approach to the therapeutic relationship is to establish a warm, collaborative, supportive, and useful relationship that helps the client meet their personal needs for emotional growth, healthy relationships, and understanding their deep-seated reactions to their environment. I strive to meet people where they are at, without judgement, to help overcome any barriers they are facing externally or internally. I rely on establishing a relationship where all emotions/needs/fears/critiques are welcome, and everything is worth talking through in a safe space. I am committed to anti-racism, queer-friendliness, and I reject diet culture.
(734) 402-8286 View (734) 402-8286
Photo of Cheri Albertson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Cheri Albertson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48103
As a psychotherapist & social researcher, I have 20+ years experience working with adolescents, adults, couples, and families experiencing a broad range of challenges & issues. We all live together in the same society, but the complex factors that effect each of us individually can create challenges that make it hard to succeed, live up to our potential & lead happy, satisfying lives. There are tools, that we can use to deal with these challenges. Learning how to access our inner strength and power is something each of us are capable of - and this empowerment is the key to resolving confusion, pain & suffering.
As a psychotherapist & social researcher, I have 20+ years experience working with adolescents, adults, couples, and families experiencing a broad range of challenges & issues. We all live together in the same society, but the complex factors that effect each of us individually can create challenges that make it hard to succeed, live up to our potential & lead happy, satisfying lives. There are tools, that we can use to deal with these challenges. Learning how to access our inner strength and power is something each of us are capable of - and this empowerment is the key to resolving confusion, pain & suffering.
(734) 548-9148 View (734) 548-9148
Photo of Henry Bass, Psychologist in Ann Arbor, MI
Henry Bass
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48103
I work with clients of all ages and backgrounds, but tend to primarily work with adolescents and young adults. I have the most experience working with clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, ADHD, or social difficulties. I enjoy working with clients who are engaged in their therapy, open to self-reflection, interested in better understanding themselves, and motivated to learn and try new strategies to make positive changes in their lives.
I work with clients of all ages and backgrounds, but tend to primarily work with adolescents and young adults. I have the most experience working with clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, ADHD, or social difficulties. I enjoy working with clients who are engaged in their therapy, open to self-reflection, interested in better understanding themselves, and motivated to learn and try new strategies to make positive changes in their lives.
(734) 954-9053 View (734) 954-9053
Photo of Joanne Jonna, Pre-Licensed Professional in Ann Arbor, MI
Joanne Jonna
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, LLPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48103
Immediate Openings: Received a Master's degree in Counseling from Oakland University in Rochester, MI. Specializing in Anxiety Disorders, Depression, Body Image, Stress Management, Relationship and Marital Issues, Grief and Loss, Self-Esteem and Identity Issues, Trauma, Life Transitions and Personal Growth. I'm here to support and empower you. Together, we will work towards uncovering your inner strength, fostering healing and paving the way for a more fulfilling, balance life. I am dedicated to providing a safe, nurturing, and confidential space for all of your needs.
Immediate Openings: Received a Master's degree in Counseling from Oakland University in Rochester, MI. Specializing in Anxiety Disorders, Depression, Body Image, Stress Management, Relationship and Marital Issues, Grief and Loss, Self-Esteem and Identity Issues, Trauma, Life Transitions and Personal Growth. I'm here to support and empower you. Together, we will work towards uncovering your inner strength, fostering healing and paving the way for a more fulfilling, balance life. I am dedicated to providing a safe, nurturing, and confidential space for all of your needs.
(734) 472-2409 View (734) 472-2409
Photo of Sarah Bryan, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ann Arbor, MI
Sarah Bryan
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48108  (Online Only)
I believe that everyone should feel equally welcome in therapy, so no matter what you bring, I will meet you without judgment, and we will find solutions together. I believe that people heal through being fully heard and understood, and solving problems collaboratively. I work with a wide variety of issues such as trauma, depression, anxiety, relationship issues (both monogamous and non-monogamous), ADHD, substance addiction, sexual identity and gender identity concerns, and others. I take an anti-racist, intersectional feminist, LGBTQIA-affirming, body-positive, kink-aware approach to therapy.
I believe that everyone should feel equally welcome in therapy, so no matter what you bring, I will meet you without judgment, and we will find solutions together. I believe that people heal through being fully heard and understood, and solving problems collaboratively. I work with a wide variety of issues such as trauma, depression, anxiety, relationship issues (both monogamous and non-monogamous), ADHD, substance addiction, sexual identity and gender identity concerns, and others. I take an anti-racist, intersectional feminist, LGBTQIA-affirming, body-positive, kink-aware approach to therapy.
(734) 530-4508 View (734) 530-4508
Photo of Kaci Girard, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Kaci Girard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48108  (Online Only)
First and foremost, thank you for seeking out therapy. Choosing to be emotionally open with someone you don’t know can be extremely difficult. You might feel skeptical or anxious, like it’s a waste of time or I’ll judge you for what you tell me. You don’t know me yet, but please trust me when I say that neither of those are true. Regardless of your reason for seeing me, I am your advocate. I will stand with you and help you accomplish whatever it is you want to accomplish. Think of me like your well-informed sidekick.
First and foremost, thank you for seeking out therapy. Choosing to be emotionally open with someone you don’t know can be extremely difficult. You might feel skeptical or anxious, like it’s a waste of time or I’ll judge you for what you tell me. You don’t know me yet, but please trust me when I say that neither of those are true. Regardless of your reason for seeing me, I am your advocate. I will stand with you and help you accomplish whatever it is you want to accomplish. Think of me like your well-informed sidekick.
(734) 294-6091 View (734) 294-6091
Photo of Raj Chehl, Counselor in Ann Arbor, MI
Raj Chehl
Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, FAODP, RYT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48103
Congratulations! Just by thinking about making a change in your life, your journey to living a fully empowered and authentic life has already begun. I view therapy as a process by which I facilitate my clients in exploration, clarification, and identification of their needs and help them to make changes in behaviors and cognitions. It is a safe place to explore reactions, thoughts, and feelings about people in your life as well as yourself. With enhanced self-understanding and acceptance, you will replace the limiting beliefs you have learned with a self-empowering perspective and transform from surviving to thriving.
Congratulations! Just by thinking about making a change in your life, your journey to living a fully empowered and authentic life has already begun. I view therapy as a process by which I facilitate my clients in exploration, clarification, and identification of their needs and help them to make changes in behaviors and cognitions. It is a safe place to explore reactions, thoughts, and feelings about people in your life as well as yourself. With enhanced self-understanding and acceptance, you will replace the limiting beliefs you have learned with a self-empowering perspective and transform from surviving to thriving.
(248) 792-0447 View (248) 792-0447
Photo of Barbara-Jean Sullivan, Psychologist in Ann Arbor, MI
Barbara-Jean Sullivan
Psychologist, PhD, APRN-BC, NP
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
Barbara-Jean Sullivan, Psychologist, PhD, APRN-BC, NP
Barbara-Jean Sullivan, Psychologist, PhD, APRN-BC, NP
(734) 274-6265 View (734) 274-6265
Photo of Olivia Varney-Chang, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Olivia Varney-Chang
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
I strive to create a warm and affirming space to support clients in navigating life’s challenges, as well as in exploring their own values, strengths, and wants in therapy. I draw on person-centered and trauma-informed practices as I collaborate with clients to understand and address their unique needs. I believe that therapy can provide us with the space, time, and tools to live an intentional life that honors our values and goals.
I strive to create a warm and affirming space to support clients in navigating life’s challenges, as well as in exploring their own values, strengths, and wants in therapy. I draw on person-centered and trauma-informed practices as I collaborate with clients to understand and address their unique needs. I believe that therapy can provide us with the space, time, and tools to live an intentional life that honors our values and goals.
(734) 875-9069 x307 View (734) 875-9069 x307
Photo of Dan Anderson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ann Arbor, MI
Dan Anderson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LCSW, CST
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ann Arbor, MI 48108
Life can be painful; we often lose sight of ourselves and the things that matter to us most while we try to manage our distress the best we can. As your therapist I will help you find your path to a fulfilling, authentic, and meaningful life, even when faced with the suffering that life undoubtedly brings. I believe therapy should be a safe and affirming space for you to explore the context of your troubles, recognize your strengths, and find a path to healing, connection, and value.
Life can be painful; we often lose sight of ourselves and the things that matter to us most while we try to manage our distress the best we can. As your therapist I will help you find your path to a fulfilling, authentic, and meaningful life, even when faced with the suffering that life undoubtedly brings. I believe therapy should be a safe and affirming space for you to explore the context of your troubles, recognize your strengths, and find a path to healing, connection, and value.

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Ann Arbor, MI

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Ann Arbor, MI who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
77% Self Esteem
75% Relationship Issues
71% Trauma and PTSD
70% Stress
69% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

93% BlueCross and BlueShield
55% Blue Care Network
46% Aetna

How Therapists in Ann Arbor, MI see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
19% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Ann Arbor?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.