Therapists in Lincoln, MA

Photo of Deborah C Kahn, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Deborah C Kahn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I specialize in working with women and older adolescent girls in individual therapy, who are experiencing or interested in working on any of the following: Life Transitions, Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Loss, Parenting, Relationship Issues, Emotional Fulfillment and Finding Spirituality on The Journey To Emotional Healing. I am an active psychodynamic clinician, who utilizes object relations theory, family systems theory and cognitive behavioral techniques. Above all, I value the therapist client relationship. Just as a grain of sand emerges as a pearl, I view life as a transformative experience. The pain of what we are faced with provides opportunity for growth.
I specialize in working with women and older adolescent girls in individual therapy, who are experiencing or interested in working on any of the following: Life Transitions, Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Loss, Parenting, Relationship Issues, Emotional Fulfillment and Finding Spirituality on The Journey To Emotional Healing. I am an active psychodynamic clinician, who utilizes object relations theory, family systems theory and cognitive behavioral techniques. Above all, I value the therapist client relationship. Just as a grain of sand emerges as a pearl, I view life as a transformative experience. The pain of what we are faced with provides opportunity for growth.
(857) 230-0247 View (857) 230-0247
Photo of Anne Robinson, LICSW, MSEd, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Anne Robinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MSEd
Verified Verified
Lincoln, MA 01773
Not accepting new clients
I am a licensed clinical social worker providing psychotherapy to individuals, families, couples, and groups. My approach is collaborative, warm, and compassionate and includes a blended approach of therapeutic modalities including Internal Family Systems (IFS), Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy (AEDP), Somatic and Mindfulness Based Strategies, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). The foundation of my work is grounded in the belief that people feel better and are able to heal in the context of a safe and trusting relationship.
I am a licensed clinical social worker providing psychotherapy to individuals, families, couples, and groups. My approach is collaborative, warm, and compassionate and includes a blended approach of therapeutic modalities including Internal Family Systems (IFS), Accelerated Experiential Dynamic Psychotherapy (AEDP), Somatic and Mindfulness Based Strategies, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). The foundation of my work is grounded in the belief that people feel better and are able to heal in the context of a safe and trusting relationship.
(617) 544-8366 View (617) 544-8366
Photo of Janet Read, LMHC, Counselor
Janet Read
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Lincoln, MA 01773
If you’re here, you’re looking for help with something that's going on for you in your life. Maybe you’re looking for support as you navigate a transition, mourn a loss, or face a challenge. Or maybe something has been affecting you or your relationships, or keeping you stuck, and you're unsure of how to get to a better place. You may even have tried therapy before, but didn’t find it as helpful as you’d hoped, and you might be worried you can’t be helped. Or maybe personal development and self-understanding are important to you, and you welcome therapy as a part of your growth and evolution.
If you’re here, you’re looking for help with something that's going on for you in your life. Maybe you’re looking for support as you navigate a transition, mourn a loss, or face a challenge. Or maybe something has been affecting you or your relationships, or keeping you stuck, and you're unsure of how to get to a better place. You may even have tried therapy before, but didn’t find it as helpful as you’d hoped, and you might be worried you can’t be helped. Or maybe personal development and self-understanding are important to you, and you welcome therapy as a part of your growth and evolution.
(781) 532-1553 View (781) 532-1553
Photo of Patricia Rose Moore, PsyD, AASECT, Psychologist
Patricia Rose Moore
Psychologist, PsyD, AASECT
Verified Verified
Lincoln, MA 01773
I have worked over 30 years in the field of psychology. It has been an honor to be of service to people dealing with many diverse issues. More recently, about 10 years ago, I became certified as a Sex Therapist and also see clients bringing sexual or intimacy concerns to their sessions.
I have worked over 30 years in the field of psychology. It has been an honor to be of service to people dealing with many diverse issues. More recently, about 10 years ago, I became certified as a Sex Therapist and also see clients bringing sexual or intimacy concerns to their sessions.
(781) 929-3377 View (781) 929-3377
Photo of Jayna Ellsworth, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jayna Ellsworth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
When you're ready, seeking a good therapist should be straightforward. I work hard to be both available and responsive as your time is valuable. When you contact me, your care begins with a detailed review of your concerns and goals. My style is collaborative, supportive and genuine. I use evidence based approaches only, with an emphasis on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. I'm able to address a broad range of issues that include but are not limited to: depression, anxiety, addiction, chronic medical issues, relationship/work conflict and major life transitions.
When you're ready, seeking a good therapist should be straightforward. I work hard to be both available and responsive as your time is valuable. When you contact me, your care begins with a detailed review of your concerns and goals. My style is collaborative, supportive and genuine. I use evidence based approaches only, with an emphasis on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. I'm able to address a broad range of issues that include but are not limited to: depression, anxiety, addiction, chronic medical issues, relationship/work conflict and major life transitions.
(781) 929-8980 View (781) 929-8980
Photo of Suzanne Harmon - Suzanne Harmon, Licensed Psychologist, EdD, Psychologist
Suzanne Harmon, Licensed Psychologist
Psychologist, EdD
Verified Verified
Online Only
I work with adults, from college-age to elderly. My practice appeals to people who who not only suffer from symptoms that impede their daily happiness, but those who long to grow in their understanding of themselves and others. I aid in this process by focusing closely on the unique talents each person brings into the room. I look not for what is wrong but what is right and simply ask that they bring an honest willingness to participate in a partnership for change.
I work with adults, from college-age to elderly. My practice appeals to people who who not only suffer from symptoms that impede their daily happiness, but those who long to grow in their understanding of themselves and others. I aid in this process by focusing closely on the unique talents each person brings into the room. I look not for what is wrong but what is right and simply ask that they bring an honest willingness to participate in a partnership for change.
(781) 702-3237 View (781) 702-3237
Photo of Elizabeth Trace Slater, PhD, Psychologist
Elizabeth Trace Slater
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Lincoln, MA 01773
My ideal clients are either teens or adults who are motivated to find solutions to their problems, although they may be in considerable emotional pain dealing with depression, anxiety, or relationship issues. They are interested in looking inside to find the sources of their problems, and they are willing to participate actively in the therapeutic process and to tackle the changes they may need to make to promote more joyous and successful lives. Given the privacy of the consulting room, they are willing to be as honest and open about their struggles as possible to maximize the benefit of therapy.
My ideal clients are either teens or adults who are motivated to find solutions to their problems, although they may be in considerable emotional pain dealing with depression, anxiety, or relationship issues. They are interested in looking inside to find the sources of their problems, and they are willing to participate actively in the therapeutic process and to tackle the changes they may need to make to promote more joyous and successful lives. Given the privacy of the consulting room, they are willing to be as honest and open about their struggles as possible to maximize the benefit of therapy.
(508) 343-0943 View (508) 343-0943
Photo of Lydia Ogden, PhD, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lydia Ogden
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
My entire professional career has been dedicated to improving the mental health and wellbeing of others. In my early career, I worked in inpatient psychiatry, housing for the homeless, and an employee assistance program for nurses, doctors, and other medical staff. In my ongoing private psychotherapy practice, I have worked with creatives, executives, environmentalists, mothers, other therapists, college students, and many others with diverse and complicated personal identities. These dynamic experiences have shown me, time and again, that nothing matters more to one’s quality of life than stable and resilient mental health.
My entire professional career has been dedicated to improving the mental health and wellbeing of others. In my early career, I worked in inpatient psychiatry, housing for the homeless, and an employee assistance program for nurses, doctors, and other medical staff. In my ongoing private psychotherapy practice, I have worked with creatives, executives, environmentalists, mothers, other therapists, college students, and many others with diverse and complicated personal identities. These dynamic experiences have shown me, time and again, that nothing matters more to one’s quality of life than stable and resilient mental health.
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Photo of Elizabeth Daly, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elizabeth Daly
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a clinical social worker with over 30 years experience working with adolescents, adults and elderly clients. My approach is to use humor, validation, and compassion along with collaborative problem solving. I tend to pull from many different modalities such as psychodynamic therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, dialectic behavioral therapy and mindfulness. I have a deep respect for the resiliency of people and help clients tap into their own strengths.
I am a clinical social worker with over 30 years experience working with adolescents, adults and elderly clients. My approach is to use humor, validation, and compassion along with collaborative problem solving. I tend to pull from many different modalities such as psychodynamic therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, dialectic behavioral therapy and mindfulness. I have a deep respect for the resiliency of people and help clients tap into their own strengths.
(781) 579-6696 View (781) 579-6696
Photo of Daphne Blount, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Daphne Blount
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Lincoln, MA 01773
You are likely reading these offerings because you are dissatisfied with some aspect of your life. Be it identity, family, friend, work/school or a past traumatic event, my focus is on helping you sort things out to improve your quality of life. Having a nonjudgmental, compassionate clinician with over 2 decades of individual, couple and group psychotherapy experience may be all you need to get back on track. No current openings.
You are likely reading these offerings because you are dissatisfied with some aspect of your life. Be it identity, family, friend, work/school or a past traumatic event, my focus is on helping you sort things out to improve your quality of life. Having a nonjudgmental, compassionate clinician with over 2 decades of individual, couple and group psychotherapy experience may be all you need to get back on track. No current openings.
(617) 446-5585 View (617) 446-5585
Photo of Norm Ephraim, EdD, Psychologist
Norm Ephraim
Psychologist, EdD
Verified Verified
Lincoln, MA 01773
Waitlist for new clients
My approach to counseling is active and empowering . Utilizing various methods I have learned over more than 40 years of practice I will quickly help you identify strengths and challenges to living your life more fully. Clients I have helped most effectively include those struggling with ADHD (whether diagnosed or suspected) , anxiety, grief, trauma, sexual orientation, and life stage adjustment issues. Sessions can be either online or in person at my comfortable home office only 1 mile from Route 128 near route 2A.
My approach to counseling is active and empowering . Utilizing various methods I have learned over more than 40 years of practice I will quickly help you identify strengths and challenges to living your life more fully. Clients I have helped most effectively include those struggling with ADHD (whether diagnosed or suspected) , anxiety, grief, trauma, sexual orientation, and life stage adjustment issues. Sessions can be either online or in person at my comfortable home office only 1 mile from Route 128 near route 2A.
(781) 780-6964 View (781) 780-6964
Photo of Martha Frost, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Martha Frost
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Lincoln, MA 01773
I have provided psychotherapy focused on anxiety, depression and trauma for over 30 years. During that time, I have worked with adolescents, adults, couples, and families. My focus is on helping my clients to see their own strengths and use them to reduce their symptoms, allowing them to become unstuck and move forward to establish happier, healthier lives. I have a strong focus on transitions of all types. These include the transitions of adolescents from childhood to young adulthood, and the difficulty inherent in transitioning from being the parent of a toddler, to being the parent of a challenging adolescent.
I have provided psychotherapy focused on anxiety, depression and trauma for over 30 years. During that time, I have worked with adolescents, adults, couples, and families. My focus is on helping my clients to see their own strengths and use them to reduce their symptoms, allowing them to become unstuck and move forward to establish happier, healthier lives. I have a strong focus on transitions of all types. These include the transitions of adolescents from childhood to young adulthood, and the difficulty inherent in transitioning from being the parent of a toddler, to being the parent of a challenging adolescent.
(781) 259-3482 View (781) 259-3482
Photo of Sarah Currier Holbrook, MEd, LMHC, Counselor
Sarah Currier Holbrook
Counselor, MEd, LMHC
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a therapist with an Ecopsychology specialty offering a strengths-based, relational therapy with lots of interaction, collaboration, warmth and humor. I have been helping individuals and families in both mental health and education for over 30 years. I work with adults seeking help with depression, anxiety, addictions, relationship issues, life transitions, and more. I have a deep belief in the healing power of the therapeutic relationship, and offer you my years of professional, as well as life experience.
I am a therapist with an Ecopsychology specialty offering a strengths-based, relational therapy with lots of interaction, collaboration, warmth and humor. I have been helping individuals and families in both mental health and education for over 30 years. I work with adults seeking help with depression, anxiety, addictions, relationship issues, life transitions, and more. I have a deep belief in the healing power of the therapeutic relationship, and offer you my years of professional, as well as life experience.
(339) 213-8253 View (339) 213-8253
Photo of Erica DuFresne, LMHC, Counselor
Erica DuFresne
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Serves Area
My ideal client has either experienced a past trauma and/or is dealing with anxiety or depression. This client can be someone diagnosed with ASD, as I enjoy working with neurodiverse populations. This client should want guidance and support to develop emotional regulation skills, build positive relationships with others, or process their emotional experiences. I can help support those going through various life transitions, as well as help people develop self-awareness and understanding.
My ideal client has either experienced a past trauma and/or is dealing with anxiety or depression. This client can be someone diagnosed with ASD, as I enjoy working with neurodiverse populations. This client should want guidance and support to develop emotional regulation skills, build positive relationships with others, or process their emotional experiences. I can help support those going through various life transitions, as well as help people develop self-awareness and understanding.
(339) 329-6653 View (339) 329-6653
Photo of Eileen English, LMHC, Counselor
Eileen English
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I have several decades of experience providing therapy to people from many walks of life. My overall goal is to provide you with the opportunity to build self-awareness, confidence, self compassion, and a greater sense of agency. Many people I treat may feel a sense of disconnection with themselves, with others and with family. Others may have difficulty expressing emotion, or tolerating relationships. Some people want to work on anxiety, reactivity and/or anger. And of course many want to heal wounds, whether from the present or the past. I look forward to gradually building trust with you, to give you a safe space for this work.
I have several decades of experience providing therapy to people from many walks of life. My overall goal is to provide you with the opportunity to build self-awareness, confidence, self compassion, and a greater sense of agency. Many people I treat may feel a sense of disconnection with themselves, with others and with family. Others may have difficulty expressing emotion, or tolerating relationships. Some people want to work on anxiety, reactivity and/or anger. And of course many want to heal wounds, whether from the present or the past. I look forward to gradually building trust with you, to give you a safe space for this work.
(617) 870-0860 View (617) 870-0860
Photo of Lindsey Fox, LMHC, Counselor
Lindsey Fox
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Your life is a constant juggle, a never-ending to-do list. College, work, family, & unexpected life shifts—your plate is full to the brim. Sometimes, it feels like you're drowning in responsibilities. The weight of it all can be suffocating, leaving you utterly exhausted. You've become a master at putting others' needs first, but who's taking care of you? You keep telling yourself, "It'll be okay," while pushing down the mounting pressure, but deep inside, you're struggling. You wear a brave face but you long for a moment to pause, to be heard, to acknowledge that it's okay to not be okay.
Your life is a constant juggle, a never-ending to-do list. College, work, family, & unexpected life shifts—your plate is full to the brim. Sometimes, it feels like you're drowning in responsibilities. The weight of it all can be suffocating, leaving you utterly exhausted. You've become a master at putting others' needs first, but who's taking care of you? You keep telling yourself, "It'll be okay," while pushing down the mounting pressure, but deep inside, you're struggling. You wear a brave face but you long for a moment to pause, to be heard, to acknowledge that it's okay to not be okay.
(339) 356-0975 View (339) 356-0975
Photo of Henry Anne Velysia, MA, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Henry Anne Velysia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LICSW
Verified Verified
Serves Area
My ideal client is an individual facing challenges such as life transitions, stress, anxiety, or depression, who seeks guidance and support in navigating their emotions and relationships. They may be grappling with self-esteem or identity issues and are motivated to better understand their needs and feelings. Their goals include building resilience, enhancing mental well-being, fostering healthy connections with others, and finding a sense of purpose and fulfillment in life. They are open to have their believes be challenged, self-help, self-reflection, and are committed to personal growth in order to develop.
My ideal client is an individual facing challenges such as life transitions, stress, anxiety, or depression, who seeks guidance and support in navigating their emotions and relationships. They may be grappling with self-esteem or identity issues and are motivated to better understand their needs and feelings. Their goals include building resilience, enhancing mental well-being, fostering healthy connections with others, and finding a sense of purpose and fulfillment in life. They are open to have their believes be challenged, self-help, self-reflection, and are committed to personal growth in order to develop.
(339) 331-5203 View (339) 331-5203
Photo of Matthew Krieger, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Matthew Krieger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Serves Area
My ideal client wants to live according to their values and aspirations, but they feel stuck. They don't know how to get where they want to go. They might be having some negative thoughts about themselves. They may feel on edge, jump to the worst possible conclusions, or think people are judging them. They often want to be able to do many things that they've been avoiding. Accomplishing these things is important to them because it helps them feel in control of their lives.
My ideal client wants to live according to their values and aspirations, but they feel stuck. They don't know how to get where they want to go. They might be having some negative thoughts about themselves. They may feel on edge, jump to the worst possible conclusions, or think people are judging them. They often want to be able to do many things that they've been avoiding. Accomplishing these things is important to them because it helps them feel in control of their lives.
(339) 229-9619 View (339) 229-9619
Photo of Caroline Murphy, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Caroline Murphy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I enjoy working with others struggling with anxiety, ADHD, depression, confidence, spirituality, relationship issues, and self-worth. I often find myself working with those who are learning how to honor their intuition and develop their true and higher selves. I also enjoy working with clients who are open to alternative therapies. I am a heart-centered and strengths-based therapist who meets clients where they are in life and strives to provide a nurturing environment to allow my clients to grow into the best versions of themselves.
I enjoy working with others struggling with anxiety, ADHD, depression, confidence, spirituality, relationship issues, and self-worth. I often find myself working with those who are learning how to honor their intuition and develop their true and higher selves. I also enjoy working with clients who are open to alternative therapies. I am a heart-centered and strengths-based therapist who meets clients where they are in life and strives to provide a nurturing environment to allow my clients to grow into the best versions of themselves.
(339) 229-5150 View (339) 229-5150
Photo of Anya Mack, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Anya Mack
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Serves Area
My ideal client would be someone who is seeking growth and change. Their issues may be family relationships, substance use disorders, employment, unmanageable symptoms of mental health, or a history of trauma that impacts their daily lives. Their needs may vary based on the challenges they exhibit. Some Patients don't have goals when they engage in therapy. I am skilled at goal development. My ideal client is someone who is genuinely seeking help and ready to accept ideas and recommendations and set and achieve realistic goals. I am not intimidated by problems others think are impossible.
My ideal client would be someone who is seeking growth and change. Their issues may be family relationships, substance use disorders, employment, unmanageable symptoms of mental health, or a history of trauma that impacts their daily lives. Their needs may vary based on the challenges they exhibit. Some Patients don't have goals when they engage in therapy. I am skilled at goal development. My ideal client is someone who is genuinely seeking help and ready to accept ideas and recommendations and set and achieve realistic goals. I am not intimidated by problems others think are impossible.
(339) 217-6849 View (339) 217-6849
1

See more therapy options for Lincoln

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Lincoln, MA

80+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in Lincoln, MA who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
86% Depression
72% Coping Skills
72% Self Esteem
70% Relationship Issues
61% Trauma and PTSD
58% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

94% BlueCross and BlueShield
87% Aetna
87% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Lincoln, MA see their clients

87% In Person and Online
13% Online Only

Gender breakdown

89% Female
10% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Lincoln?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.