Therapists in Boylston, MA

Photo of Kristyn Bridges, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, CRC
Kristyn Bridges
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, CRC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you finding that you have too much on your plate, resulting in you feeling overwhelmed and anxious about upcoming tasks that need to be completed? Are you struggling in your relationship with your spouse? You deserve to wake up feeling like you can achieve success, in all areas of your life? Let me help you get there!
Are you finding that you have too much on your plate, resulting in you feeling overwhelmed and anxious about upcoming tasks that need to be completed? Are you struggling in your relationship with your spouse? You deserve to wake up feeling like you can achieve success, in all areas of your life? Let me help you get there!
(774) 352-5679 View (774) 352-5679
Photo of Miriam Chouki, Counselor, LMHC
Miriam Chouki
Counselor, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
If you want something you have never had in this life, you have to be willing to do something you have never done. You deserve to live a life full of peace, love, and happiness. You are important. Your feelings matter, your voice matters, your story matters, and your life matters. You have the power to seize your happiness, you just have to look within to find it. Many times it is our negative perspective that hinders us from living the life that we deserve. If we could change that perspective, turn it into a positive one, we can regain control of our lives.
If you want something you have never had in this life, you have to be willing to do something you have never done. You deserve to live a life full of peace, love, and happiness. You are important. Your feelings matter, your voice matters, your story matters, and your life matters. You have the power to seize your happiness, you just have to look within to find it. Many times it is our negative perspective that hinders us from living the life that we deserve. If we could change that perspective, turn it into a positive one, we can regain control of our lives.
(774) 208-0726 View (774) 208-0726
Photo of Meg Burke, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Meg Burke
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
1 Endorsed
Boylston, MA 01505
Are you struggling with overwhelming emotions after childbirth? Did you have a challenging birth experience? Are you coping with pregnancy or infant loss? Or have you had difficulty getting or staying pregnant? As a dedicated and compassionate mental health provider, I am here to support you through the unique challenges and emotions that may come up during the perinatal period. My goal is to provide a safe and nurturing space where you can explore your feelings, navigate transitions, and find healing and hope during this transformative time.
Are you struggling with overwhelming emotions after childbirth? Did you have a challenging birth experience? Are you coping with pregnancy or infant loss? Or have you had difficulty getting or staying pregnant? As a dedicated and compassionate mental health provider, I am here to support you through the unique challenges and emotions that may come up during the perinatal period. My goal is to provide a safe and nurturing space where you can explore your feelings, navigate transitions, and find healing and hope during this transformative time.
(774) 643-7064 View (774) 643-7064
Photo of Katie Blinn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Katie Blinn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you preparing for a major change or have you already taken the first step? Are you grappling with feelings of anxiety or self-doubt? Whether you're a new college student or starting your first significant job, or if you've recently moved and are struggling to find your place, or even if you're simply curious about your place in the world—life's transitions can be tough. They often leave us feeling uncertain, scared, or questioning ourselves. Maybe you need provide support and guidance through these challenging times or help to navigate your emotions and find clarity as you move forward.
Are you preparing for a major change or have you already taken the first step? Are you grappling with feelings of anxiety or self-doubt? Whether you're a new college student or starting your first significant job, or if you've recently moved and are struggling to find your place, or even if you're simply curious about your place in the world—life's transitions can be tough. They often leave us feeling uncertain, scared, or questioning ourselves. Maybe you need provide support and guidance through these challenging times or help to navigate your emotions and find clarity as you move forward.
(774) 458-9870 View (774) 458-9870
Photo of Jen Ellis, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Jen Ellis
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Only accepting daytime EMDR clients in MA, NH, and ME! I help women and gender-diverse folks in their twenties and thirties rediscover themselves and their worthiness. Anxiety, self-doubt, and people pleasing has overshadowed who they are deep down. They're physically and emotionally depleted. They're longing for change and know in their hearts (this inner wisdom) that there's more to this life than the hamster wheel they may find themselves on. Maybe they feel stuck or don't even know where to begin. I have a particular interest in helping neurodivergent folks and folks who are working towards or working in the helping professions.
Only accepting daytime EMDR clients in MA, NH, and ME! I help women and gender-diverse folks in their twenties and thirties rediscover themselves and their worthiness. Anxiety, self-doubt, and people pleasing has overshadowed who they are deep down. They're physically and emotionally depleted. They're longing for change and know in their hearts (this inner wisdom) that there's more to this life than the hamster wheel they may find themselves on. Maybe they feel stuck or don't even know where to begin. I have a particular interest in helping neurodivergent folks and folks who are working towards or working in the helping professions.
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Photo of Christina Dono, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Christina Dono
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
2 Endorsed
Boylston, MA 01505
Feeling overwhelmed or burnt out? Struggling with boundaries or people-pleasing? Need balance amidst life changes? Whether it's a recent loss, family addition, career shift, or relationship challenges, I offer a warm, welcoming space where you can explore and grow. I tailor the process to your needs, making it interactive and transparent. Therapy isn't one-size-fits-all; it's about guiding you to your own insights and decisions. Whether it's new stressors, mental health conditions, trauma, or focus issues, everyone can benefit at different life stages.
Feeling overwhelmed or burnt out? Struggling with boundaries or people-pleasing? Need balance amidst life changes? Whether it's a recent loss, family addition, career shift, or relationship challenges, I offer a warm, welcoming space where you can explore and grow. I tailor the process to your needs, making it interactive and transparent. Therapy isn't one-size-fits-all; it's about guiding you to your own insights and decisions. Whether it's new stressors, mental health conditions, trauma, or focus issues, everyone can benefit at different life stages.
(774) 484-1643 View (774) 484-1643
Photo of Micah Walsh Adams, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Micah Walsh Adams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Online Only
My work is centered around supporting clients to feel empowered to manage and move through challenges in their lives, relationships or internal experiences. This process looks different depending on the individual, but is always rooted in building insight, greater self-compassion and emotional resiliency. I offer a calm, peaceful space to share, process and reflect on any areas of stress or suffering as well as building self-exploration necessary for change and growth.
My work is centered around supporting clients to feel empowered to manage and move through challenges in their lives, relationships or internal experiences. This process looks different depending on the individual, but is always rooted in building insight, greater self-compassion and emotional resiliency. I offer a calm, peaceful space to share, process and reflect on any areas of stress or suffering as well as building self-exploration necessary for change and growth.
(508) 906-7379 View (508) 906-7379
Photo of Meghan Williams, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Meghan Williams
Counselor, MA, LMHC
3 Endorsed
Boylston, MA 01505
If you are feeling bad about yourself, your friends have noticed you are not always kind to yourself, or your self-consciousness is interfering with your life in a negative way then I can help. Negative self-talk, imposter syndrome, low self-esteem, and lack of self-confidence can interfere with how we show up in the world and ultimately hold us back from where we want to be. I enjoy working with teens and adults who are struggling to navigate these challenges, whether it's due to identity, body image, anxiety, grief or something else.
If you are feeling bad about yourself, your friends have noticed you are not always kind to yourself, or your self-consciousness is interfering with your life in a negative way then I can help. Negative self-talk, imposter syndrome, low self-esteem, and lack of self-confidence can interfere with how we show up in the world and ultimately hold us back from where we want to be. I enjoy working with teens and adults who are struggling to navigate these challenges, whether it's due to identity, body image, anxiety, grief or something else.
(774) 551-1447 View (774) 551-1447
Photo of Kerry Lavallee, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LICSW
Kerry Lavallee
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LICSW
4 Endorsed
Boylston, MA 01505
When you're in a season of your life that feels darker, lonelier or more painful, when you feel tired and overwhelmed, when you lack direction or energy, or when your relationships are suffering, it's easy to forget that you possess everything you need to grow and change. I believe that we each have the answers we need within us and the capacity to improve our circumstances, but that sometimes we get off course. I also believe that what we focus on gets bigger, so when we focus on the good and beautiful in life, the weeds get crowded out. This isn't just my personal belief - it's actually rooted in science!
When you're in a season of your life that feels darker, lonelier or more painful, when you feel tired and overwhelmed, when you lack direction or energy, or when your relationships are suffering, it's easy to forget that you possess everything you need to grow and change. I believe that we each have the answers we need within us and the capacity to improve our circumstances, but that sometimes we get off course. I also believe that what we focus on gets bigger, so when we focus on the good and beautiful in life, the weeds get crowded out. This isn't just my personal belief - it's actually rooted in science!
(774) 462-5655 View (774) 462-5655
Photo of Jessica Jolly, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Jessica Jolly
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
1 Endorsed
Boylston, MA 01505
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges? Having trouble identifying ways to cope? Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, or feelings of worthlessness? Are you searching for a listening ear, a supportive individual, or a guiding hand on your journey toward emotional well-being and personal transformation? You do not have to face these difficulties alone. I am a dedicated pre-licensed mental health counselor passionate about helping individuals overcome life's challenges and promote change and healing. I understand that everyone’s journey is unique, and I find importance in meeting you where you are in your journey.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges? Having trouble identifying ways to cope? Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, or feelings of worthlessness? Are you searching for a listening ear, a supportive individual, or a guiding hand on your journey toward emotional well-being and personal transformation? You do not have to face these difficulties alone. I am a dedicated pre-licensed mental health counselor passionate about helping individuals overcome life's challenges and promote change and healing. I understand that everyone’s journey is unique, and I find importance in meeting you where you are in your journey.
(774) 252-9147 View (774) 252-9147
Photo of Heather Guaragna, Counselor, LMHC
Heather Guaragna
Counselor, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Boylston, MA 01505
Sometimes it can be hard to see life's hurdles as an opportunity to understand ourselves better, yet life is full of these painful, frustrating and uncomfortable experiences. Sometimes they are traumatic. Sometimes next steps are unclear or you've lost your voice and maybe you feel frozen or overwhelmed or uncertain. You want to speak up for yourself. You want to start moving through life again.
Sometimes it can be hard to see life's hurdles as an opportunity to understand ourselves better, yet life is full of these painful, frustrating and uncomfortable experiences. Sometimes they are traumatic. Sometimes next steps are unclear or you've lost your voice and maybe you feel frozen or overwhelmed or uncertain. You want to speak up for yourself. You want to start moving through life again.
(774) 208-0637 View (774) 208-0637
Photo of Michaela Rapoza, Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, LCSW
Michaela Rapoza
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Boylston, MA 01505
You may feel stuck in old patterns, overwhelmed by anxiety, or weighed down by unresolved pain from the past. Perhaps you’re navigating grief, trauma, or a major life transition and want to better understand your role in your story. My ideal client is motivated, open, and curious about learning more about themselves. You may be seeking greater self-compassion, stronger coping strategies, or a renewed connection with yourself and the world. Together, we can explore your experiences with curiosity and empathy while creating meaningful change at a pace that feels safe for you.
You may feel stuck in old patterns, overwhelmed by anxiety, or weighed down by unresolved pain from the past. Perhaps you’re navigating grief, trauma, or a major life transition and want to better understand your role in your story. My ideal client is motivated, open, and curious about learning more about themselves. You may be seeking greater self-compassion, stronger coping strategies, or a renewed connection with yourself and the world. Together, we can explore your experiences with curiosity and empathy while creating meaningful change at a pace that feels safe for you.
(508) 338-9099 View (508) 338-9099
Photo of Julia Brooklyn Brouillard, Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd
Julia Brooklyn Brouillard
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd
1 Endorsed
Boylston, MA 01505
Do you find yourself feeling overwhelmed by your emotions or circumstances? Have you been feeling frustrated or dissatisfied with how things are currently going in your life? Are you hopeful that therapy can offer relief and support in navigating your difficulties? Or a little uncertain? Maybe you're feeling ready to engage in the therapeutic process, open to exploring new perspectives and strategies, and committed to improving your mental well-being. It's natural to have mixed emotions when thinking about change, and I'm here to hold space for you to begin your journey toward healing and growth.
Do you find yourself feeling overwhelmed by your emotions or circumstances? Have you been feeling frustrated or dissatisfied with how things are currently going in your life? Are you hopeful that therapy can offer relief and support in navigating your difficulties? Or a little uncertain? Maybe you're feeling ready to engage in the therapeutic process, open to exploring new perspectives and strategies, and committed to improving your mental well-being. It's natural to have mixed emotions when thinking about change, and I'm here to hold space for you to begin your journey toward healing and growth.
(774) 355-3567 View (774) 355-3567
Photo of Caryn Gordon, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Caryn Gordon
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
1 Endorsed
Boylston, MA 01505
Are you struggling to navigate the challenges of adolescence within your family? Seeking a compassionate and skilled therapist to guide you through these turbulent years? With a focus on adolescent and family therapy, I understand the unique struggles that adolescents face as they journey through the formative years of their lives. Adolescence can be a time of profound change and emotional upheaval, both for the young person and the family. I offer a safe and supportive space to address anxiety and depression, conflict resolution, behavioral issues, and parent-child relationships.
Are you struggling to navigate the challenges of adolescence within your family? Seeking a compassionate and skilled therapist to guide you through these turbulent years? With a focus on adolescent and family therapy, I understand the unique struggles that adolescents face as they journey through the formative years of their lives. Adolescence can be a time of profound change and emotional upheaval, both for the young person and the family. I offer a safe and supportive space to address anxiety and depression, conflict resolution, behavioral issues, and parent-child relationships.
(774) 220-8144 View (774) 220-8144
Photo of Melissa Sansone, Counselor, MEd, LMHC
Melissa Sansone
Counselor, MEd, LMHC
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you having difficulty coping with life's challenges? Do you feel anxious, are you up at night not sleeping, worrying, stressed or depressed? Counseling can provide the support that helps you to navigate life's challenges. I believe that we each have it in us to work through our experiences however sometimes with the help of another person we can foster that growth. I believe each person’s individual's experience is unique and that providing a safe, accepting, and non-judgmental environment fosters the process of healing, change and personal growth.
Are you having difficulty coping with life's challenges? Do you feel anxious, are you up at night not sleeping, worrying, stressed or depressed? Counseling can provide the support that helps you to navigate life's challenges. I believe that we each have it in us to work through our experiences however sometimes with the help of another person we can foster that growth. I believe each person’s individual's experience is unique and that providing a safe, accepting, and non-judgmental environment fosters the process of healing, change and personal growth.
(774) 332-6304 View (774) 332-6304
Jonathan Cowin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Serves Area
Jonathan Cowin, LCSW, helps adults in Massachusetts navigate challenges related to anxiety, depression, and ADHD with empathy and clinical insight. Through individual therapy, he offers a grounded, supportive space for clients to explore their thoughts and emotions, gain new perspectives, and build effective strategies for lasting change. Whether addressing overwhelming stress, difficulties with focus, or patterns of low mood, Jonathan works collaboratively to help individuals develop a greater sense of control and clarity in their daily lives. Jonathan’s approach to therapy is centered on meeting people where they are.
Jonathan Cowin, LCSW, helps adults in Massachusetts navigate challenges related to anxiety, depression, and ADHD with empathy and clinical insight. Through individual therapy, he offers a grounded, supportive space for clients to explore their thoughts and emotions, gain new perspectives, and build effective strategies for lasting change. Whether addressing overwhelming stress, difficulties with focus, or patterns of low mood, Jonathan works collaboratively to help individuals develop a greater sense of control and clarity in their daily lives. Jonathan’s approach to therapy is centered on meeting people where they are.
(508) 290-8629 View (508) 290-8629
Photo of Anna Little, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Anna Little
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Serves Area
Anna Little is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Massachusetts who has been practicing since 2023. Anna’s therapeutic approach is distinguished by its compassionate foundation and trauma-informed perspective. By integrating empathy and understanding into every session, she creates a safe and nurturing space where clients feel heard and supported. Through this lens, Anna addresses all issues but also delves into the underlying traumas, empowering individuals to heal holistically and cultivate resilience. This unique approach fosters deep connections and promotes lasting transformation.
Anna Little is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Massachusetts who has been practicing since 2023. Anna’s therapeutic approach is distinguished by its compassionate foundation and trauma-informed perspective. By integrating empathy and understanding into every session, she creates a safe and nurturing space where clients feel heard and supported. Through this lens, Anna addresses all issues but also delves into the underlying traumas, empowering individuals to heal holistically and cultivate resilience. This unique approach fosters deep connections and promotes lasting transformation.
(508) 794-8849 View (508) 794-8849
Photo of Kelly Ann Graham, Counselor, LMHC
Kelly Ann Graham
Counselor, LMHC
Online Only
Are you overthinking everything lately? Feeling stuck, frustrated, or disappointed in yourself for not living a healthier, more balanced life? I get it—life can be overwhelming, especially these days. Sometimes we all need extra support to navigate challenges in a healthy, productive way. If you're struggling with ruminating thoughts, procrastination, low motivation, destructive emotional reactions, or feeling misunderstood, you're not alone—and I can help. Together, we’ll identify what’s keeping you stuck and build practical strategies to help you move forward. Your past doesn’t have to define your future.
Are you overthinking everything lately? Feeling stuck, frustrated, or disappointed in yourself for not living a healthier, more balanced life? I get it—life can be overwhelming, especially these days. Sometimes we all need extra support to navigate challenges in a healthy, productive way. If you're struggling with ruminating thoughts, procrastination, low motivation, destructive emotional reactions, or feeling misunderstood, you're not alone—and I can help. Together, we’ll identify what’s keeping you stuck and build practical strategies to help you move forward. Your past doesn’t have to define your future.
(508) 841-3490 View (508) 841-3490
Photo of Kimberly K Elbirt, Counselor, LMHC, LMT, PhD
Kimberly K Elbirt
Counselor, LMHC, LMT, PhD
Serves Area
Not accepting new clients
I engage with individuals by meeting them where they are. My practice focuses on clients with a history of trauma, or with problems related to mood or anxiety. I aim to help clients learn about themselves, and how to respond to life rather than react to it.
I engage with individuals by meeting them where they are. My practice focuses on clients with a history of trauma, or with problems related to mood or anxiety. I aim to help clients learn about themselves, and how to respond to life rather than react to it.
(774) 670-5714 View (774) 670-5714
Photo of Josh Tanenbaum, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Josh Tanenbaum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Not accepting new clients
If you feel lost, frustrated, directionless, or want to make a change, working with a skilled therapist can be one of your best options. Therapy can help you challenge thought patterns that cause emotional and behavioral problems, and build coping skills to deal with life's inevitable challenges. It can be one of the most powerful tools we use to reduce our suffering, increase the joy in our lives, and be our best selves. My approach is centered on your goals and what you want to accomplish. Your needs are unique, so your therapy should be too!
If you feel lost, frustrated, directionless, or want to make a change, working with a skilled therapist can be one of your best options. Therapy can help you challenge thought patterns that cause emotional and behavioral problems, and build coping skills to deal with life's inevitable challenges. It can be one of the most powerful tools we use to reduce our suffering, increase the joy in our lives, and be our best selves. My approach is centered on your goals and what you want to accomplish. Your needs are unique, so your therapy should be too!
(774) 314-4750 View (774) 314-4750

See more therapy options for Boylston

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Boylston, MA

20+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Boylston, MA who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
96% Depression
77% Life Transitions
73% Grief
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
62% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

92% BlueCross and BlueShield
81% Tufts
73% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Boylston, MA see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

85% Female
15% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Boylston?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.