Therapists in Copley Square, Boston, MA

Photo of Lori Stern, EdD, Psychologist
Lori Stern
Psychologist, EdD
Verified Verified
Online Only
The most important factor in choosing a therapist or counselor, once you have established their credentials, is to select someone you are comfortable talking to. Research shows that the quality of the relationship can be more important to the outcome than the treatment modality. For this reason, I try to establish an understanding, collaborative and interactive approach. You should always feel free to ask me any questions you may have. I only offer telehealth at this time, an approach that is best for problems such as life situations you would like to discuss rather than longstanding major emotional or mental disturbances.
The most important factor in choosing a therapist or counselor, once you have established their credentials, is to select someone you are comfortable talking to. Research shows that the quality of the relationship can be more important to the outcome than the treatment modality. For this reason, I try to establish an understanding, collaborative and interactive approach. You should always feel free to ask me any questions you may have. I only offer telehealth at this time, an approach that is best for problems such as life situations you would like to discuss rather than longstanding major emotional or mental disturbances.
(617) 936-7288 View (617) 936-7288
Photo of Mindy Sherbet, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mindy Sherbet
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Copley Square, Boston, MA 02116
Mindy works with individuals, couples, and families across a range of ages throughout the lifespan. She is especially adept at working with those who have interpersonal challenges, life transition difficulties, anxiety, and depression. Her warmth, curiosity, and sincere interest in others lends itself to a safe and comforting atmosphere, while gently challenging and guiding clients to become aware of behavioral patterns that exacerbate their struggles. Mindy excels at integrating skills and life lessons from her previous careers into a holistic therapeutic approach that is practical, realistic, and effective.
Mindy works with individuals, couples, and families across a range of ages throughout the lifespan. She is especially adept at working with those who have interpersonal challenges, life transition difficulties, anxiety, and depression. Her warmth, curiosity, and sincere interest in others lends itself to a safe and comforting atmosphere, while gently challenging and guiding clients to become aware of behavioral patterns that exacerbate their struggles. Mindy excels at integrating skills and life lessons from her previous careers into a holistic therapeutic approach that is practical, realistic, and effective.
(351) 229-1425 View (351) 229-1425
Photo of Disha Joshi, LMHC, Counselor
Disha Joshi
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Online Only
Therapy offers a chance to change things up. Each is its own little safe haven designed to release difficult emotions and gain different perspectives from the one that keeps us stuck. Let me help you clear out the cobwebs of your life! My goal is to create a warm environment that fosters real human connection that leaves you feeling like you are part of something bigger than yourself.
Therapy offers a chance to change things up. Each is its own little safe haven designed to release difficult emotions and gain different perspectives from the one that keeps us stuck. Let me help you clear out the cobwebs of your life! My goal is to create a warm environment that fosters real human connection that leaves you feeling like you are part of something bigger than yourself.
(857) 420-5684 View (857) 420-5684
Photo of Elizabeth Hajjar, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elizabeth Hajjar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Online Only
I'm Elizabeth, a therapist passionate about supporting clients of all ages. In our sessions, laughter and humor play a vital role. I prioritize the therapeutic relationship, believing it is the cornerstone of effective therapy. Genuine connections promote trust, authenticity, and mutual respect, enabling you to be your true self. I draw from modalities like CBT, DBT, and IFS. I reject the one-size-fits-all approach and understand that every individual is unique. We can work together towards personal growth, healing, and empowerment.
I'm Elizabeth, a therapist passionate about supporting clients of all ages. In our sessions, laughter and humor play a vital role. I prioritize the therapeutic relationship, believing it is the cornerstone of effective therapy. Genuine connections promote trust, authenticity, and mutual respect, enabling you to be your true self. I draw from modalities like CBT, DBT, and IFS. I reject the one-size-fits-all approach and understand that every individual is unique. We can work together towards personal growth, healing, and empowerment.
(857) 799-3952 View (857) 799-3952
Photo of Frank Liang-Yao Wang, PhD, Psychologist
Frank Liang-Yao Wang
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Online Only
Do you feel discouraged at feeling unfulfilled, down, or lonely as a Christian? Do you feel a lack of a sense of belonging even when you are a part of a church community? What role does therapy play in the life of a Christian? A healthy supportive church community does offer much of what helps a believer flourish in Christ. However, living in this fallen world, we all have our fair share of trauma and grief, from our family, friends, and church, and many of our needs are beyond what our support community today can meet. This is where therapy or coaching with me could come in.
Do you feel discouraged at feeling unfulfilled, down, or lonely as a Christian? Do you feel a lack of a sense of belonging even when you are a part of a church community? What role does therapy play in the life of a Christian? A healthy supportive church community does offer much of what helps a believer flourish in Christ. However, living in this fallen world, we all have our fair share of trauma and grief, from our family, friends, and church, and many of our needs are beyond what our support community today can meet. This is where therapy or coaching with me could come in.
(857) 349-9279 View (857) 349-9279
Photo of Emma Naszvadi, MA, Psych, PhD
Emma Naszvadi
MA, Psych, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Online Only
I work with clients seeking to manage stress, understand themselves better, and gain insights into the dynamics of their relationships. I specialize in helping individuals who suffer from anxiety, mood disorders, grief, trauma, or emotional dysregulation. I have experience working with individuals from multicultural backgrounds. I am committed to providing a supportive and non-judgmental environment where individuals can feel safe to express themselves and explore their unique identities. I believe that psychotherapy should be tailored to the individual and that each person should be empowered to find their own solutions.
I work with clients seeking to manage stress, understand themselves better, and gain insights into the dynamics of their relationships. I specialize in helping individuals who suffer from anxiety, mood disorders, grief, trauma, or emotional dysregulation. I have experience working with individuals from multicultural backgrounds. I am committed to providing a supportive and non-judgmental environment where individuals can feel safe to express themselves and explore their unique identities. I believe that psychotherapy should be tailored to the individual and that each person should be empowered to find their own solutions.
(857) 371-3259 View (857) 371-3259
Photo of Tyler Twombly, LMHC, Counselor
Tyler Twombly
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Online Only
Therapy is both a science and creative process we engage in together. While change is truly hard work, as an experienced therapist, I strive to provide a compassionate and validating therapeutic environment so you can take things on at your own pace. We will establish a clear set of objectives allowing you to track, quantify, and celebrate your achievements as you progress. I believe in giving you tools you can use right away to start to feel better now.
Therapy is both a science and creative process we engage in together. While change is truly hard work, as an experienced therapist, I strive to provide a compassionate and validating therapeutic environment so you can take things on at your own pace. We will establish a clear set of objectives allowing you to track, quantify, and celebrate your achievements as you progress. I believe in giving you tools you can use right away to start to feel better now.
(617) 648-5588 View (617) 648-5588
Photo of Jessica Clark, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Jessica Clark
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Whether you are seeking support for ongoing internal struggles, acute life challenges, persistent relationship issues, or looking to find more calm and balance in your life, therapy is often a crucial piece of our healing and growth. You are not alone if you regularly find yourself stuck in patterns that lead to anxiety, self-destructive choices, hopelessness, or unhelpful outcomes. I respect it can be overwhelming to even think about beginning the journey so I hope you are proud that you are here. I prioritize creating a welcoming space to build a trusting relationship because we all need, and deserve, support on our journey.
Whether you are seeking support for ongoing internal struggles, acute life challenges, persistent relationship issues, or looking to find more calm and balance in your life, therapy is often a crucial piece of our healing and growth. You are not alone if you regularly find yourself stuck in patterns that lead to anxiety, self-destructive choices, hopelessness, or unhelpful outcomes. I respect it can be overwhelming to even think about beginning the journey so I hope you are proud that you are here. I prioritize creating a welcoming space to build a trusting relationship because we all need, and deserve, support on our journey.
(617) 615-9877 View (617) 615-9877
Photo of Jennifer West, PhD, Psychologist
Jennifer West
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Copley Square, Boston, MA 02116
Creating a safe, warm, active and collaborative therapeutic environment is core to my treatment approach that focuses on helping clients explore their experiences, perspectives, and personal identities, as well as develop insight, find healing, improve relationships, and experience personal growth and empowerment. I respect and value the diversity of each client, focus on their unique social and cultural context, and believe each therapeutic relationship takes a different path depending on these factors. I enjoy working with a range of clients, including adults and students. Currently offering in-person and video-counseling.
Creating a safe, warm, active and collaborative therapeutic environment is core to my treatment approach that focuses on helping clients explore their experiences, perspectives, and personal identities, as well as develop insight, find healing, improve relationships, and experience personal growth and empowerment. I respect and value the diversity of each client, focus on their unique social and cultural context, and believe each therapeutic relationship takes a different path depending on these factors. I enjoy working with a range of clients, including adults and students. Currently offering in-person and video-counseling.
(617) 606-6074 View (617) 606-6074
Photo of John Granger II, LICSW, SAP, CCTP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
John Granger II
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, SAP, CCTP
Verified Verified
Online Only
Life can sometimes be challenging; it is filled with ups and downs. It takes a strong person to ask for help when faced with the challenges life may bring. It is important for you to know that you do not have to go through these challenges alone. As a therapist, I believe that you are the expert on your life. Through guided discovery, my goal is to collaboratively work with you to help you process and work through the issues that are present in your life.
Life can sometimes be challenging; it is filled with ups and downs. It takes a strong person to ask for help when faced with the challenges life may bring. It is important for you to know that you do not have to go through these challenges alone. As a therapist, I believe that you are the expert on your life. Through guided discovery, my goal is to collaboratively work with you to help you process and work through the issues that are present in your life.
(508) 690-8007 View (508) 690-8007
Photo of Laura Alvarado, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Laura Alvarado
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Online Only
In the current environment, it is more important than ever to prioritize your mental and emotional well-being. Regardless of the challenges you are facing in your life, positive change is possible. Using curiosity and compassion to create a safe, supportive and nonjudgmental space, I assist my clients in gaining insight into the underlying issues that are causing their current symptoms. I help my clients identify personal strengths and resources that can help facilitate the change they desire.
In the current environment, it is more important than ever to prioritize your mental and emotional well-being. Regardless of the challenges you are facing in your life, positive change is possible. Using curiosity and compassion to create a safe, supportive and nonjudgmental space, I assist my clients in gaining insight into the underlying issues that are causing their current symptoms. I help my clients identify personal strengths and resources that can help facilitate the change they desire.
(857) 763-1851 View (857) 763-1851
Photo of Emily Steinberg, PhD, Pre-Licensed Professional
Emily Steinberg
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD
Verified Verified
Copley Square, Boston, MA 02116
I have extensive training in a diverse range of therapeutic modalities proven to be highly effective, such as CBT, DBT, and Couples/Family Therapy. Working with adolescents through adulthood, I have gained a wealth of experience and expertise in addressing a wide range of therapeutic needs across the lifespan. My focus lies in the treatment of OCD, social anxiety, anxiety-related disorders, depression, trauma and couples/family issues. I work at Center for Anxiety, a mental health practice, dedicated to excellent patient care. You may be matched with a clinician if their skills are a better match for your needs.
I have extensive training in a diverse range of therapeutic modalities proven to be highly effective, such as CBT, DBT, and Couples/Family Therapy. Working with adolescents through adulthood, I have gained a wealth of experience and expertise in addressing a wide range of therapeutic needs across the lifespan. My focus lies in the treatment of OCD, social anxiety, anxiety-related disorders, depression, trauma and couples/family issues. I work at Center for Anxiety, a mental health practice, dedicated to excellent patient care. You may be matched with a clinician if their skills are a better match for your needs.
(857) 847-4093 View (857) 847-4093
Photo of L. Stella Loaiza, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
L. Stella Loaiza
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Not Verified Not Verified
Copley Square, Boston, MA 02116
Not accepting new clients
"I am committed to help you find that feeling of empowerment within you that you may not have even known you had, and then using that empowerment to resolve real life situations."
"I am committed to help you find that feeling of empowerment within you that you may not have even known you had, and then using that empowerment to resolve real life situations."
(617) 712-0311 View (617) 712-0311
Photo of Molly Below, PhD, Psychologist
Molly Below
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Copley Square, Boston, MA 02116
I believe helping you with the issues you bring to therapy starts with empathy and respect. As partners in this process, we will work together seeking a deeper, compassionate understanding of your concerns. We will work to understand the forces- past and present- that contribute to your struggles. Through this lens we can mobilize your strengths and values, help you to cope effectively now, and empower you to change lifestyle patterns that maintain emotional pain. No matter how stuck or hopeless you may feel, it is always possible to make change and move toward a more fulfilling life.
I believe helping you with the issues you bring to therapy starts with empathy and respect. As partners in this process, we will work together seeking a deeper, compassionate understanding of your concerns. We will work to understand the forces- past and present- that contribute to your struggles. Through this lens we can mobilize your strengths and values, help you to cope effectively now, and empower you to change lifestyle patterns that maintain emotional pain. No matter how stuck or hopeless you may feel, it is always possible to make change and move toward a more fulfilling life.
(617) 993-6482 View (617) 993-6482
Photo of Dr. Tayler Rose-Tfy, LMHC , Counselor
Dr. Tayler Rose-Tfy
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Copley Square, Boston, MA 02116
Tayler’s clinical focus is with trauma, the LGBTQIA+ community, depression, all types of anxiety disorders, chronic mental illnesses, and personality disorders. Tayler has worked in human services in a diverse group of clinical settings. Settings such as; in-home therapy, residential for children and adults with eating disorders, day treatment for adults with severe mental illnesses, outpatient therapy for children through adulthood, school based therapy, and in a variety of in-home treatments focused on adolescents and families who are a part of the LGBTQIA+ community.
Tayler’s clinical focus is with trauma, the LGBTQIA+ community, depression, all types of anxiety disorders, chronic mental illnesses, and personality disorders. Tayler has worked in human services in a diverse group of clinical settings. Settings such as; in-home therapy, residential for children and adults with eating disorders, day treatment for adults with severe mental illnesses, outpatient therapy for children through adulthood, school based therapy, and in a variety of in-home treatments focused on adolescents and families who are a part of the LGBTQIA+ community.
(617) 404-1451 View (617) 404-1451
Photo of Elayne Smithmatwo - Elayne Smith, LMFT, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Elayne Smith, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Copley Square, Boston, MA 02116
I offer specialized therapy focused on healing, purposeful growth, and lasting change. If you are vulnerable to overachieving/functioning, burnout, perfectionism, imposter syndrome, people pleasing, pursuing, painful relationship patterns, limiting beliefs, or hustling for self-worth, I'm here to help. I am skilled in going deep and helping you get to the origins of your struggles, often found in earlier life and relationship experiences. You deserve to make space for your needs, be loved without performing, and to feel whole again.
I offer specialized therapy focused on healing, purposeful growth, and lasting change. If you are vulnerable to overachieving/functioning, burnout, perfectionism, imposter syndrome, people pleasing, pursuing, painful relationship patterns, limiting beliefs, or hustling for self-worth, I'm here to help. I am skilled in going deep and helping you get to the origins of your struggles, often found in earlier life and relationship experiences. You deserve to make space for your needs, be loved without performing, and to feel whole again.
(857) 887-4322 View (857) 887-4322

Online Therapists

Photo of Erika Marques Orelus, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erika Marques Orelus
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
I believe that every individual possesses inherent strengths and resources that can be harnessed to overcome challenges. My therapeutic approach is rooted in a strengths-based perspective, where we focus on what you do well and how we can build on those abilities to foster growth and resilience. I enjoy working with individuals who are experiencing life stressors including relationship stress, grief/loss, and stage of life changes. I can also be helpful in supporting those who experience symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, Adjustment Disorder, ADHD, PTSD, Bipolar and OCD.
I believe that every individual possesses inherent strengths and resources that can be harnessed to overcome challenges. My therapeutic approach is rooted in a strengths-based perspective, where we focus on what you do well and how we can build on those abilities to foster growth and resilience. I enjoy working with individuals who are experiencing life stressors including relationship stress, grief/loss, and stage of life changes. I can also be helpful in supporting those who experience symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, Adjustment Disorder, ADHD, PTSD, Bipolar and OCD.
(617) 996-7671 View (617) 996-7671
Photo of Misty Lee Cameron, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Misty Lee Cameron
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
My clients are interested in looking at the barriers that are holding them back and exploring ways to overcome those barriers that will work specifically for them and their lives. While we are not always able to control what's happening around us, we may be able to change the way we are approaching a situation - or we may be looking for the courage to set boundaries, stop people pleasing, or even walk away from something that is preventing us from living our best life.
My clients are interested in looking at the barriers that are holding them back and exploring ways to overcome those barriers that will work specifically for them and their lives. While we are not always able to control what's happening around us, we may be able to change the way we are approaching a situation - or we may be looking for the courage to set boundaries, stop people pleasing, or even walk away from something that is preventing us from living our best life.
(781) 650-5044 View (781) 650-5044
Photo of Kate Allain, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kate Allain
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Limited openings at this time - Life challenges can feel isolating, but you can find strength and support in therapy. From a place of connection, empathy, and understanding, we’ll work together to explore what’s holding you back from living a life that feels full and meaningful. As your therapist, I want to help you find the freedom to generate new ways of thinking, feeling & acting: to transform unhelpful personal narratives into strength-based versions you can use to thrive. Together we will join to heal old wounds, discover inner wisdom, and move towards self compassion.
Limited openings at this time - Life challenges can feel isolating, but you can find strength and support in therapy. From a place of connection, empathy, and understanding, we’ll work together to explore what’s holding you back from living a life that feels full and meaningful. As your therapist, I want to help you find the freedom to generate new ways of thinking, feeling & acting: to transform unhelpful personal narratives into strength-based versions you can use to thrive. Together we will join to heal old wounds, discover inner wisdom, and move towards self compassion.
View
Photo of Melissa Koster, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melissa Koster
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Melissa's warmth, openness, and humor will help to build a comfortable, trusting relationship where you can be empowered to work on your goals with conscious intent using a treatment approach that works best. Melissa specializes in working with young children to young adults, focusing on stress, anxiety, depression, attentional difficulties, attachment, and life transitions. She provides individual and family therapy utilizing a variety of techniques that best fit your needs. Melissa has experience in CBT, DBT, skill building, intuitive, mindfulness, and parent coaching. Melissa has over 10 years experience as a school counselor.
Melissa's warmth, openness, and humor will help to build a comfortable, trusting relationship where you can be empowered to work on your goals with conscious intent using a treatment approach that works best. Melissa specializes in working with young children to young adults, focusing on stress, anxiety, depression, attentional difficulties, attachment, and life transitions. She provides individual and family therapy utilizing a variety of techniques that best fit your needs. Melissa has experience in CBT, DBT, skill building, intuitive, mindfulness, and parent coaching. Melissa has over 10 years experience as a school counselor.
(508) 978-1419 View (508) 978-1419

See more therapy options for Copley Square, Boston

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Copley Square, Boston, MA

10+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in Copley Square, Boston, MA who prioritize treating:

94% Relationship Issues
94% Anxiety
81% Depression
81% Peer Relationships
81% Coping Skills
81% Self Esteem
75% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% BlueCross and BlueShield
60% Cigna and Evernorth
60% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Copley Square, Boston, MA see their clients

56% Online Only
44% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

70% Female
30% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Copley Square, Boston?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.