Therapists in Northampton, MA

Photo of Jessica Wheeler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northampton, MA
Jessica Wheeler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Northampton, MA 01060
Not accepting new clients
You may be coming to therapy because of a particular problem – perhaps anxiety, OCD, or depression, or, if you're seeking couples therapy, perhaps a stuck point in your relationship. As we address that challenge and it becomes more manageable, your perspective may widen, opening beyond “what DON’T I want” (the problem) to “what DO I want” (purpose, meaning, connection?). Whatever our focus, my aim is to form a warm, supportive relationship that centers your needs and goals. We’ll probably find some things to laugh about – life is absurd sometimes! We can figure it out together.
You may be coming to therapy because of a particular problem – perhaps anxiety, OCD, or depression, or, if you're seeking couples therapy, perhaps a stuck point in your relationship. As we address that challenge and it becomes more manageable, your perspective may widen, opening beyond “what DON’T I want” (the problem) to “what DO I want” (purpose, meaning, connection?). Whatever our focus, my aim is to form a warm, supportive relationship that centers your needs and goals. We’ll probably find some things to laugh about – life is absurd sometimes! We can figure it out together.
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Photo of Lisa M Wall, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northampton, MA
Lisa M Wall
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, CADC-II
Verified Verified
Northampton, MA 01062  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am passionate about supporting women and men who have had tragic loss and traumatic experiences and are struggling to sort out their person hood. I am uniquely gifted at working with women who have had DCF child removals, unwanted court involvement and relational fragmentation due to trauma, substance use and interpersonal violence. I offer therapeutic services that support your personal work to heal the pain of isolation and stigma that occurs when anger kicks up impulsivity and compulsions. It's important for my prospective client to understand that I am primarily a trauma therapist.
I am passionate about supporting women and men who have had tragic loss and traumatic experiences and are struggling to sort out their person hood. I am uniquely gifted at working with women who have had DCF child removals, unwanted court involvement and relational fragmentation due to trauma, substance use and interpersonal violence. I offer therapeutic services that support your personal work to heal the pain of isolation and stigma that occurs when anger kicks up impulsivity and compulsions. It's important for my prospective client to understand that I am primarily a trauma therapist.
(413) 308-6967 View (413) 308-6967
Photo of Aschleigh Farynn Jensen, Pre-Licensed Professional in Northampton, MA
Aschleigh Farynn Jensen
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Northampton, MA 01060
Not accepting new clients
I believe deeply in the process of becoming a more full human for life. As a therapist I want to support that growth in you. There is no end to how much we can grow in our mental ( how much we can grow when stepping into our whole embodied self) health, , self awareness and self realization. The process starts right where we are now. I'm biracial and a LGBT ally . I understand the alienation that so many in our culture feel. I love how teens and young adults are creating new selves through very difficult times in society. I like adults and older adults re-imagining themselves, recovering from trauma .My ideal client is 13-80
I believe deeply in the process of becoming a more full human for life. As a therapist I want to support that growth in you. There is no end to how much we can grow in our mental ( how much we can grow when stepping into our whole embodied self) health, , self awareness and self realization. The process starts right where we are now. I'm biracial and a LGBT ally . I understand the alienation that so many in our culture feel. I love how teens and young adults are creating new selves through very difficult times in society. I like adults and older adults re-imagining themselves, recovering from trauma .My ideal client is 13-80
(413) 300-6443 View (413) 300-6443
Photo of Sasha Statman-Weil, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northampton, MA
Sasha Statman-Weil
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Northampton, MA 01060
— Available in-person & teletherapy including nights and weekends — I work with clients who are struggling with stubborn behaviors and persistent thoughts, but my approach expands beyond targeting known objectives. We also explore the soil underneath: what you want, what you need in order to thrive, and how your relationships can contribute to your growth. Together, we unearth opportunities for transformation by expanding your perspectives and evolving your narratives to shape your responses.
— Available in-person & teletherapy including nights and weekends — I work with clients who are struggling with stubborn behaviors and persistent thoughts, but my approach expands beyond targeting known objectives. We also explore the soil underneath: what you want, what you need in order to thrive, and how your relationships can contribute to your growth. Together, we unearth opportunities for transformation by expanding your perspectives and evolving your narratives to shape your responses.
(413) 331-7226 View (413) 331-7226
Photo of Linda J Delamater, Marriage & Family Therapist in Northampton, MA
Linda J Delamater
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northampton, MA 01060
Not accepting new clients
Are you struggling to feel and do better and unable to sustain progress? My focus is to help you tap into your wisdom and enhance your strengths to build a more meaningful quality of life. This includes identifying obstacles to growth and learning healthier methods of managing painful emotions while replacing self- destructive behaviors. The therapeutic relationship is very important. My style is friendly, respectful, compassionate and collaborative. I am highly motivated to help you develop tools to diminish pain, build a satisfying life and behave in ways that are consistent with the person you would like to be.
Are you struggling to feel and do better and unable to sustain progress? My focus is to help you tap into your wisdom and enhance your strengths to build a more meaningful quality of life. This includes identifying obstacles to growth and learning healthier methods of managing painful emotions while replacing self- destructive behaviors. The therapeutic relationship is very important. My style is friendly, respectful, compassionate and collaborative. I am highly motivated to help you develop tools to diminish pain, build a satisfying life and behave in ways that are consistent with the person you would like to be.
(413) 258-7241 View (413) 258-7241
Photo of Emily Jacobson, Pastoral Counselor in Northampton, MA
Emily Jacobson
Pastoral Counselor, MDiv
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northampton, MA 01060  (Online Only)
I blend alternative therapeutic models with the latest research in epigenetics, insights from ancient spiritual traditions, wisdom from earth-based living, and embodied rituals to create processes that shift your relationship to suffering, sorrow, or emotional challenges and open you into deeper connection with your true self and harmony with life. I am affirming of LGBTQ+, poly/ENM, and kink identities. I use anti-oppression, anti-racist, ecopsychology & trauma-informed frameworks to support individual and collective liberation.
I blend alternative therapeutic models with the latest research in epigenetics, insights from ancient spiritual traditions, wisdom from earth-based living, and embodied rituals to create processes that shift your relationship to suffering, sorrow, or emotional challenges and open you into deeper connection with your true self and harmony with life. I am affirming of LGBTQ+, poly/ENM, and kink identities. I use anti-oppression, anti-racist, ecopsychology & trauma-informed frameworks to support individual and collective liberation.
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Photo of Lucy Hemmendinger, Counselor in Northampton, MA
Lucy Hemmendinger
Counselor, LMHC, SEP
Verified Verified
Northampton, MA 01060
Suffering results from our disconnection from our self, our bodies, friends, families and world and the Divine. This may manifest as anxiety, depression or other difficulties depending on an individual's in-born biology and life experiences. I work collaboratively with each individual according to their needs and desires. I am most interested in facilitating lasting change at the deepest level.
Suffering results from our disconnection from our self, our bodies, friends, families and world and the Divine. This may manifest as anxiety, depression or other difficulties depending on an individual's in-born biology and life experiences. I work collaboratively with each individual according to their needs and desires. I am most interested in facilitating lasting change at the deepest level.
(413) 402-6135 x413522 View (413) 402-6135 x413522
Photo of Binda Colebrook, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northampton, MA
Binda Colebrook
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northampton, MA 01060
I like to work relationally, which means that we, together, work on whatever challenges present themselves for you at this time in your life. It is my belief that each of us holds the answers to our own life challenges within ourselves. Therapy can create a supportive framework that can help clear debris from life's path so that one can see one's path more clearly. Adult life is often connected to our history, and the culture/environments we grew up in. Therapy can be a place to understand the threads between past and present. I often work with folks who are becoming parents. This phase is complex and can stir the silt of our story.
I like to work relationally, which means that we, together, work on whatever challenges present themselves for you at this time in your life. It is my belief that each of us holds the answers to our own life challenges within ourselves. Therapy can create a supportive framework that can help clear debris from life's path so that one can see one's path more clearly. Adult life is often connected to our history, and the culture/environments we grew up in. Therapy can be a place to understand the threads between past and present. I often work with folks who are becoming parents. This phase is complex and can stir the silt of our story.
(413) 358-4998 View (413) 358-4998
Photo of Liz Larkin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northampton, MA
Liz Larkin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northampton, MA 01060
Compassionate, engaged therapist available for teens (15+), emerging adults, and adults.
Compassionate, engaged therapist available for teens (15+), emerging adults, and adults.
(413) 402-6749 View (413) 402-6749
Photo of Constance Leslie, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northampton, MA
Constance Leslie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Northampton, MA 01060
My approach to therapy is not limited to any one direction or technique. I work to stay open to and curious about each person's unfolding story. I listen closely to nuance and I look for underlying patterns, towards understanding what keeps people stuck. I am comfortable working with great adversity and extreme pain.
My approach to therapy is not limited to any one direction or technique. I work to stay open to and curious about each person's unfolding story. I listen closely to nuance and I look for underlying patterns, towards understanding what keeps people stuck. I am comfortable working with great adversity and extreme pain.
(413) 582-6922 View (413) 582-6922
Photo of NoHo Life Planning Coach: Deb Henson in Northampton, MA
NoHo Life Planning Coach: Deb Henson
JD, MSW
Verified Verified
Northampton, MA 01060
Client-Driven, Process-Oriented Coaching for: Life Transitions; Relationship & Career Issues; LEGAL Prep; Search for Deeper Meaning in Life; Healers’ Healing Groups, Loss of a Person, Pet, Dream. Individual and Group Coaching. Solo +1 for Relationship Coaching. Healing Healers Groups: limited to 4 clients – 4 sessions. Have you received a Subpoena for a deposition or trial testimony? I offer Legal Prep coaching to help you navigate the treacherous waters of your clients' litigation (I'm a lawyer and a clinical social worker in my other professional paths). Learn to center/ground SELF in a litigious situation.
Client-Driven, Process-Oriented Coaching for: Life Transitions; Relationship & Career Issues; LEGAL Prep; Search for Deeper Meaning in Life; Healers’ Healing Groups, Loss of a Person, Pet, Dream. Individual and Group Coaching. Solo +1 for Relationship Coaching. Healing Healers Groups: limited to 4 clients – 4 sessions. Have you received a Subpoena for a deposition or trial testimony? I offer Legal Prep coaching to help you navigate the treacherous waters of your clients' litigation (I'm a lawyer and a clinical social worker in my other professional paths). Learn to center/ground SELF in a litigious situation.
(413) 881-6196 View (413) 881-6196
Photo of Sarah Aftab, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northampton, MA
Sarah Aftab
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Northampton, MA 01060
I practice mindfulness-based therapy, specializing in trauma, anxiety & depression. You are not alone if you're struggling with feeling like something is wrong with you, or loving, trusting or prioritizing yourself. Our life experiences, relationships & mental health can make us feel hopeless & sometimes like all of our issues are our fault. You don't need to continue down a path of fear & self-destruction. Healing & improving our wellbeing is hard, but it is possible & it helps to have someone to walk alongside you. Please note I don't accept insurance but if you have out-of-network benefits I can provide the info for reimbursement
I practice mindfulness-based therapy, specializing in trauma, anxiety & depression. You are not alone if you're struggling with feeling like something is wrong with you, or loving, trusting or prioritizing yourself. Our life experiences, relationships & mental health can make us feel hopeless & sometimes like all of our issues are our fault. You don't need to continue down a path of fear & self-destruction. Healing & improving our wellbeing is hard, but it is possible & it helps to have someone to walk alongside you. Please note I don't accept insurance but if you have out-of-network benefits I can provide the info for reimbursement
(413) 923-6373 View (413) 923-6373
Photo of Rahel Stein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northampton, MA
Rahel Stein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Northampton, MA 01060
It can be difficult to strip away the influences imposed upon us from an early age. We may struggle to find our true course, or feel stuck living according to external pressures; recognizing every so often, a discord between the head and the heart. I believe that every person is entitled to live an authentic and fulfilling life. The first step is to access a deeper presence where we can feel and begin to sort out the various forces moving through us. What clarity might present itself under such conditions?
It can be difficult to strip away the influences imposed upon us from an early age. We may struggle to find our true course, or feel stuck living according to external pressures; recognizing every so often, a discord between the head and the heart. I believe that every person is entitled to live an authentic and fulfilling life. The first step is to access a deeper presence where we can feel and begin to sort out the various forces moving through us. What clarity might present itself under such conditions?
(413) 240-3609 View (413) 240-3609
Photo of Karen Carlo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northampton, MA
Karen Carlo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Northampton, MA 01060  (Online Only)
The reasons people seek therapy are as diverse as the people themselves. I offer therapy to adults with a focus on helping them work on specific change as well as self-acceptance. Depending on people’s needs, I offer this help in the form of support, information, guidance, self-knowledge or the space to learn and practice new skills.
The reasons people seek therapy are as diverse as the people themselves. I offer therapy to adults with a focus on helping them work on specific change as well as self-acceptance. Depending on people’s needs, I offer this help in the form of support, information, guidance, self-knowledge or the space to learn and practice new skills.
(413) 308-6620 View (413) 308-6620
Photo of James Lowell Ferry, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northampton, MA
James Lowell Ferry
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Northampton, MA 01061
I primarily work with aging and/or disabled adults and caregivers coping with emotional and health care related challenges. Much of my work with clients focuses on adjustment difficulty related to declining health and diminished functional independence. Clients who are caregivers often struggle with managing career and family caregiving roles and also the needed transitions that can emerge in the latter half of life.
I primarily work with aging and/or disabled adults and caregivers coping with emotional and health care related challenges. Much of my work with clients focuses on adjustment difficulty related to declining health and diminished functional independence. Clients who are caregivers often struggle with managing career and family caregiving roles and also the needed transitions that can emerge in the latter half of life.
(413) 475-7437 View (413) 475-7437
Photo of Lenore Shepard, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northampton, MA
Lenore Shepard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, NB-HWC
Verified Verified
Northampton, MA 01060
The most important relationship we will ever have is the one with ourselves, nurtured and cultivated over a lifetime. Finding the right therapist with which to partner in this journey is an essential foundation for building awareness and growth. I bring a compassionate and collaborative approach in working with adults who have a history of anxiety, burnout, insomnia, depression, living with a chronic disease, managing life transitions and those seeking their purpose. I specialize in and resonate with empaths and highly sensitive people to help them manage and navigate strategies for operating in a challenging world.
The most important relationship we will ever have is the one with ourselves, nurtured and cultivated over a lifetime. Finding the right therapist with which to partner in this journey is an essential foundation for building awareness and growth. I bring a compassionate and collaborative approach in working with adults who have a history of anxiety, burnout, insomnia, depression, living with a chronic disease, managing life transitions and those seeking their purpose. I specialize in and resonate with empaths and highly sensitive people to help them manage and navigate strategies for operating in a challenging world.
(413) 359-6619 View (413) 359-6619
Photo of Catherine Balletto, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northampton, MA
Catherine Balletto
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD
Verified Verified
Northampton, MA 01060
I am an institute trained psychotherapist, working integratively, within a contemporary, relational, psychodynamic orientation. After more than two decades of practicing in New York City, I am now located in Western Massachusetts, though I maintain NY licensure. For me, at the heart of a relational, psychodynamic, approach is my effort to strive to meet people where they are and make the work understandable and accessible based on who you are. I respect and build upon the ways in which I am invited to join and help expand psychic space, so that areas which are troubling can be demystified, transformed and feel less daunting.
I am an institute trained psychotherapist, working integratively, within a contemporary, relational, psychodynamic orientation. After more than two decades of practicing in New York City, I am now located in Western Massachusetts, though I maintain NY licensure. For me, at the heart of a relational, psychodynamic, approach is my effort to strive to meet people where they are and make the work understandable and accessible based on who you are. I respect and build upon the ways in which I am invited to join and help expand psychic space, so that areas which are troubling can be demystified, transformed and feel less daunting.
(917) 838-9799 View (917) 838-9799
Photo of Wellness Within, Emma Basile, Pre-Licensed Professional in Northampton, MA
Wellness Within, Emma Basile
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Northampton, MA 01060
Are you ready to embark on a journey of self-discovery and healing, guided by a therapist who truly values what matters most to you? At Wellness Within, we are committed to honoring your unique healing journey and providing a creative, empathetic approach to therapy. Meet Emma Basile, a dedicated therapist with a passion for helping clients find their voices and stand tall in their truth. Drawing from her own experiences of feeling unseen and unheard, Emma is deeply committed to supporting others in learning effective communication skills and advocating for themselves.
Are you ready to embark on a journey of self-discovery and healing, guided by a therapist who truly values what matters most to you? At Wellness Within, we are committed to honoring your unique healing journey and providing a creative, empathetic approach to therapy. Meet Emma Basile, a dedicated therapist with a passion for helping clients find their voices and stand tall in their truth. Drawing from her own experiences of feeling unseen and unheard, Emma is deeply committed to supporting others in learning effective communication skills and advocating for themselves.
(413) 307-3497 View (413) 307-3497
Photo of Alessandra Urbano, Psychologist in Northampton, MA
Alessandra Urbano
Psychologist, PhD, CGP
Verified Verified
Northampton, MA 01060
I’m a licensed psychologist who helps adults of all identities to feel more secure in themselves, satisfied in their relationships, and resilient through uncertainty, change and loss. I specialize in helping: a) those who feel anxious, sensitive, misunderstood, or emotionally overwhelmed to increase comfort with themselves, their feelings and needs, and others; b) individuals/couples/families to develop healthier attachments and change hurtful relational patterns; and c) aspiring and current parents throughout the complex family planning & adjustment process, including grief and loss.
I’m a licensed psychologist who helps adults of all identities to feel more secure in themselves, satisfied in their relationships, and resilient through uncertainty, change and loss. I specialize in helping: a) those who feel anxious, sensitive, misunderstood, or emotionally overwhelmed to increase comfort with themselves, their feelings and needs, and others; b) individuals/couples/families to develop healthier attachments and change hurtful relational patterns; and c) aspiring and current parents throughout the complex family planning & adjustment process, including grief and loss.
(617) 580-3370 View (617) 580-3370
Photo of Angelica Baez-Vazquez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Northampton, MA
Angelica Baez-Vazquez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northampton, MA 01060  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Finding a therapist is hard, but finding one you connect with can be even harder. Whether you are looking for additional coping strategies to add to your tool box, currently on the brink of a crisis, or maybe you don't know your “why” but feel as though you need to talk with someone, I would love to sit and listen. My name is Angelica. I am warm, non-judgemental and my approach to therapy is simple, come as you are. Showing up can be hard at times but it allows us the opportunity to build a rapport, reflect together, identify and when necessary confront behaviors that are contributing to our stressors.
Finding a therapist is hard, but finding one you connect with can be even harder. Whether you are looking for additional coping strategies to add to your tool box, currently on the brink of a crisis, or maybe you don't know your “why” but feel as though you need to talk with someone, I would love to sit and listen. My name is Angelica. I am warm, non-judgemental and my approach to therapy is simple, come as you are. Showing up can be hard at times but it allows us the opportunity to build a rapport, reflect together, identify and when necessary confront behaviors that are contributing to our stressors.
(413) 343-4031 View (413) 343-4031

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Northampton, MA

500+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Northampton, MA who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
73% Trauma and PTSD
73% Self Esteem
66% Grief
65% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% BlueCross and BlueShield
47% Optum
45% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Northampton, MA see their clients

61% In Person and Online
39% Online Only

Gender breakdown

72% Female
23% Male
5% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Northampton?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.