Therapists in Seattle, WA

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Photo of Shayla Nawrocki, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Seattle, WA
Shayla Nawrocki
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LMFT, MHP
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98117
“A walk in nature, walks the soul back home”- Mary Davis. Do you feel happiest and most like yourself when you slow down and enter nature to smell the sweet air, talk to the majestic trees, listen to the wisdom of the wind, feel the energy of Earth below your feet, and make space to marvel at the world? You are not alone. Just like you, I believe that nature is the path to greater wellbeing. Our work together revolves around discovering your root issues and traumas as well as connecting to the Earth, using Her wisdom as a guide to cultivate self-discovery, intuition, innate healing, and connecting to your unique life spark.
“A walk in nature, walks the soul back home”- Mary Davis. Do you feel happiest and most like yourself when you slow down and enter nature to smell the sweet air, talk to the majestic trees, listen to the wisdom of the wind, feel the energy of Earth below your feet, and make space to marvel at the world? You are not alone. Just like you, I believe that nature is the path to greater wellbeing. Our work together revolves around discovering your root issues and traumas as well as connecting to the Earth, using Her wisdom as a guide to cultivate self-discovery, intuition, innate healing, and connecting to your unique life spark.
(425) 428-6962 View (425) 428-6962
Photo of Fariba Ghorbani, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Fariba Ghorbani
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98102
If there is any part of you who wants to feel empowered and in charge of your own life, learn more about yourself, your healthy and unhealthy patterns, your capabilities, and you want to claim and connect to your own power and BE authentic, then let's meet and decide whether we can work together. My commitment as a therapist is to facilitate the process of awareness, acceptance, choice, and letting go with deep respect for the personal pace, process and style of each client. I am a fully licensed Mental Health counselor with the state of Washington with over 20 years experience.
If there is any part of you who wants to feel empowered and in charge of your own life, learn more about yourself, your healthy and unhealthy patterns, your capabilities, and you want to claim and connect to your own power and BE authentic, then let's meet and decide whether we can work together. My commitment as a therapist is to facilitate the process of awareness, acceptance, choice, and letting go with deep respect for the personal pace, process and style of each client. I am a fully licensed Mental Health counselor with the state of Washington with over 20 years experience.
(206) 745-9477 View (206) 745-9477
Photo of Knox Burnett Counseling and Consulting, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Knox Burnett Counseling and Consulting
Counselor, MA, LMHC, CPT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98116
The Glory of God is a human being fully alive". -Saint Irenaeus As a clinician, I work with individuals struggling with a variety of issues and ailments. I believe that most recurring mental and emotional struggles are actually indicators of larger issues in need of resolution. In our work together we will both engage the symptoms you are experiencing AND trace their historical connections so that you can access a more transformative and holistic healing.
The Glory of God is a human being fully alive". -Saint Irenaeus As a clinician, I work with individuals struggling with a variety of issues and ailments. I believe that most recurring mental and emotional struggles are actually indicators of larger issues in need of resolution. In our work together we will both engage the symptoms you are experiencing AND trace their historical connections so that you can access a more transformative and holistic healing.
(425) 358-5843 View (425) 358-5843
Photo of Elizabeth Anderson, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Elizabeth Anderson
Counselor, MA, LMHC, CHT
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98126  (Online Only)
Welcome to Creative Guidance, PLLC. I believe that our ability to stay in the moment, especially when things are difficult, can be tough. Wanting to escape the present moment is a normal human response. When we are able to remain present, that is where healing, wisdom and change truly lies. When we can stay with what we are feeling and experiencing, both good and challenging, we are then awake and empowered to change our lives. I am here to help you become present and unfold the YOU that has always been there from the start.
Welcome to Creative Guidance, PLLC. I believe that our ability to stay in the moment, especially when things are difficult, can be tough. Wanting to escape the present moment is a normal human response. When we are able to remain present, that is where healing, wisdom and change truly lies. When we can stay with what we are feeling and experiencing, both good and challenging, we are then awake and empowered to change our lives. I am here to help you become present and unfold the YOU that has always been there from the start.
(206) 495-6147 View (206) 495-6147
Photo of Tracy L Stewart, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Tracy L Stewart
Counselor, MA, MEd, LMHC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98105  (Online Only)
I center the experiences of Black, Indigenous, and other world-majority cultures, and LGBTQIA+. I believe that deciding to seek support for life problems can be an important first step toward taking care of your self. I appreciate the opportunity to work with you to improve relationships, problem-solve, or reduce your suffering. I provide comprehensive services, building on your strengths to assist you in coping with educational, life change, or long-term problems.
I center the experiences of Black, Indigenous, and other world-majority cultures, and LGBTQIA+. I believe that deciding to seek support for life problems can be an important first step toward taking care of your self. I appreciate the opportunity to work with you to improve relationships, problem-solve, or reduce your suffering. I provide comprehensive services, building on your strengths to assist you in coping with educational, life change, or long-term problems.
(253) 345-4152 View (253) 345-4152
Photo of Gary VanDalfsen, Psychologist in Seattle, WA
Gary VanDalfsen
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98122
Not accepting new clients
PLEASE NOTE: I AM NO LONGER SEEING CLIENTS IN MY PRIVATE PRACTICE. I AM EXCLUSIVELY DOING TELEHEALTH VIA NOCD, AN ONLINE PLATFORM FOR OCD TREATMENT (WWW.TREATMYOCD.COM). I'm a licensed psychologist with over 25 years of experience helping individuals create positive change in their lives. I will work with you to: Identify negative patterns that bring distress to you and others; Develop the skills or strategies necessary for change; and Apply these skills or strategies to improve your emotional health and build more satisfying relationships.
PLEASE NOTE: I AM NO LONGER SEEING CLIENTS IN MY PRIVATE PRACTICE. I AM EXCLUSIVELY DOING TELEHEALTH VIA NOCD, AN ONLINE PLATFORM FOR OCD TREATMENT (WWW.TREATMYOCD.COM). I'm a licensed psychologist with over 25 years of experience helping individuals create positive change in their lives. I will work with you to: Identify negative patterns that bring distress to you and others; Develop the skills or strategies necessary for change; and Apply these skills or strategies to improve your emotional health and build more satisfying relationships.
(425) 822-0242 View (425) 822-0242
Photo of Abby Birk, Marriage & Family Therapist in Seattle, WA
Abby Birk
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98103
Therapy is a space to bravely share your story, to vulnerably explore your strengths and growth areas, to boldly challenge each other towards fully-embodied growth, meaning, and connection. Whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, work stress, grief and loss, personal or professional identity, relationship problems, life stage transitions, general stuckness/burnout, I am here to support you. We will collaborate together to decide what it is you would want more or less of in your life. We will set a plan to get you closer to your goals with each session, while having some laughs & fun along the way, too.
Therapy is a space to bravely share your story, to vulnerably explore your strengths and growth areas, to boldly challenge each other towards fully-embodied growth, meaning, and connection. Whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, work stress, grief and loss, personal or professional identity, relationship problems, life stage transitions, general stuckness/burnout, I am here to support you. We will collaborate together to decide what it is you would want more or less of in your life. We will set a plan to get you closer to your goals with each session, while having some laughs & fun along the way, too.
(206) 260-0808 View (206) 260-0808
Photo of Laura Gray Fox, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Laura Gray Fox
Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98115
I work with people who are anxious, depressed, grieving or just need some more support and structure in their life. Maybe you have experienced trauma and need help getting to the other side of it. Maybe you are at a crossroads and are making changes in your life. Maybe you are stuck and don’t know which way to go. Or maybe old beliefs and patterns of thinking and behaving just aren’t working for you anymore and it’s time to find a new way. My clients are seeking more joy in their life and want to live more fully according to what truly matters to them.
I work with people who are anxious, depressed, grieving or just need some more support and structure in their life. Maybe you have experienced trauma and need help getting to the other side of it. Maybe you are at a crossroads and are making changes in your life. Maybe you are stuck and don’t know which way to go. Or maybe old beliefs and patterns of thinking and behaving just aren’t working for you anymore and it’s time to find a new way. My clients are seeking more joy in their life and want to live more fully according to what truly matters to them.
(206) 312-7648 View (206) 312-7648
Photo of Jenny Wang, Psychologist in Seattle, WA
Jenny Wang
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98109  (Online Only)
You are feeling stuck with a problem but not from lack of trying. When you decide to work with me, I keep in mind that you are seeking therapy because of your hard work, intelligence, and courage - finding solutions is not simple! With your collaboration, we would work towards increasing your sense of internal calm and connection with others. I aim to listen with compassion and nonjudgment and suggest evidence-based tools to help you reach your goals.
You are feeling stuck with a problem but not from lack of trying. When you decide to work with me, I keep in mind that you are seeking therapy because of your hard work, intelligence, and courage - finding solutions is not simple! With your collaboration, we would work towards increasing your sense of internal calm and connection with others. I aim to listen with compassion and nonjudgment and suggest evidence-based tools to help you reach your goals.
(206) 460-1667 View (206) 460-1667
Photo of Jackie Young, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Jackie Young
Counselor, MSEd, MEd, LPCC, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98115  (Online Only)
With more than 20 years of experience as an educator and therapist, Jackie specializes in helping parents interact compassionately and effectively with their children. Her training and experience is rooted in evidence based therapies with a focus on creating and maintaining authentic, healing relationships. Jackie has advanced and intensive training in DBT and offers individualized coaching sessions for parents with children of all ages struggling with regulating intense emotions. She also runs DBT skills groups for parents, providing them with the skills and support to effectively manage parenting and family challenges.
With more than 20 years of experience as an educator and therapist, Jackie specializes in helping parents interact compassionately and effectively with their children. Her training and experience is rooted in evidence based therapies with a focus on creating and maintaining authentic, healing relationships. Jackie has advanced and intensive training in DBT and offers individualized coaching sessions for parents with children of all ages struggling with regulating intense emotions. She also runs DBT skills groups for parents, providing them with the skills and support to effectively manage parenting and family challenges.
(206) 207-5209 View (206) 207-5209
Photo of Sharon Royal, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Sharon Royal
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98107
Psychotherapy with me is a collaborative process that aims to alleviate personal suffering and expand one's capacity for flexible and creative expression of thoughts, feelings and behaviors. Our work together explores your present and past experience with an aim to enhance awareness of yourself, your relationships, and the emotional elements that impact your life. I believe that healing and change occur in a genuine therapy relationship that privileges curiosity, honesty and emotional experience.
Psychotherapy with me is a collaborative process that aims to alleviate personal suffering and expand one's capacity for flexible and creative expression of thoughts, feelings and behaviors. Our work together explores your present and past experience with an aim to enhance awareness of yourself, your relationships, and the emotional elements that impact your life. I believe that healing and change occur in a genuine therapy relationship that privileges curiosity, honesty and emotional experience.
(253) 343-1234 View (253) 343-1234
Photo of Caitlin Laun, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Caitlin Laun
Counselor, LMHC, SUDP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98107
Are you struggling with overfunctioning, perfectionism, people-pleasing, and burnout? If you invested in time and space to explore, heal, and grow, how might life be different? How might you be different? In the past, you have constantly prioritized others' needs and are now seeing the negative impact on your own mental health. The perfect image you maintain for the outside world comes at the expense of yourself. Internally, you feel numb, insecure, lonely, and lost. You are tired of feeling this way and ready to change this unsustainable pattern once and for all.
Are you struggling with overfunctioning, perfectionism, people-pleasing, and burnout? If you invested in time and space to explore, heal, and grow, how might life be different? How might you be different? In the past, you have constantly prioritized others' needs and are now seeing the negative impact on your own mental health. The perfect image you maintain for the outside world comes at the expense of yourself. Internally, you feel numb, insecure, lonely, and lost. You are tired of feeling this way and ready to change this unsustainable pattern once and for all.
(206) 537-0024 View (206) 537-0024
Photo of Janelle Painter, Psychologist in Seattle, WA
Janelle Painter
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98126
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with 15 years of experience providing individual and group therapy services to adults (in-person and telehealth sessions). I approach therapy from the perspective that you are the expert of your experiences and I am a resource to help you effectively navigate your life. We will work together to identify treatment targets and develop a plan for care. The focus of our sessions and the skills we discuss will be guided by your personal wellness goals. Aspects of your past, personal identities, culture, and values give light to current experiences and are discussed throughout therapy.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with 15 years of experience providing individual and group therapy services to adults (in-person and telehealth sessions). I approach therapy from the perspective that you are the expert of your experiences and I am a resource to help you effectively navigate your life. We will work together to identify treatment targets and develop a plan for care. The focus of our sessions and the skills we discuss will be guided by your personal wellness goals. Aspects of your past, personal identities, culture, and values give light to current experiences and are discussed throughout therapy.
(206) 207-4980 View (206) 207-4980
Photo of Karin Yahr, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Karin Yahr
Counselor, LMHC, LPC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98104  (Online Only)
Sometimes life situations or past experiences create self-doubt, personal insecurities of “not being good enough,” and may even have negatively influenced how you manage life stress, relationships, and even become a barrier to achieving personal or professional goals. I want to work with you to uncover these barriers and rebuild a stronger sense of wellbeing and enhance motivation. Through the integration of Mindfulness concepts and tools from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, we will investigate thought patterns, challenge negative patterns, remove negative judgment, and build a stronger sense of self, self-worth.
Sometimes life situations or past experiences create self-doubt, personal insecurities of “not being good enough,” and may even have negatively influenced how you manage life stress, relationships, and even become a barrier to achieving personal or professional goals. I want to work with you to uncover these barriers and rebuild a stronger sense of wellbeing and enhance motivation. Through the integration of Mindfulness concepts and tools from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, we will investigate thought patterns, challenge negative patterns, remove negative judgment, and build a stronger sense of self, self-worth.
(206) 895-3075 View (206) 895-3075
Photo of Dan Suffoletta, Licensed Professional Counselor in Seattle, WA
Dan Suffoletta
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHCA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98121
Hello and welcome to my page! My name is Dan and I am a counselor at Self Space Seattle. My passion lies in helping individuals and partners navigate life's complexities, whether it be anxiety, depression, or strained communication and fractured trust. Prior to joining Self Space, I spent over a decade in strategy consulting, cultivating skills in trust-building, problem-solving, and embracing uncertainty. I recognize the juggling act of professional demands and the longing for a meaningful personal life.
Hello and welcome to my page! My name is Dan and I am a counselor at Self Space Seattle. My passion lies in helping individuals and partners navigate life's complexities, whether it be anxiety, depression, or strained communication and fractured trust. Prior to joining Self Space, I spent over a decade in strategy consulting, cultivating skills in trust-building, problem-solving, and embracing uncertainty. I recognize the juggling act of professional demands and the longing for a meaningful personal life.
(206) 502-4060 View (206) 502-4060
Photo of Ali Afrasiabi, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Ali Afrasiabi
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98101  (Online Only)
I will meet you where you are and guide you in a safe and supportive space as you process life’s challenges and transform your life. My philosophy is that therapy is just as much about shining a light on the strengths that we already have, as it is about bridging the gap in certain deficits we may be dealing with.
I will meet you where you are and guide you in a safe and supportive space as you process life’s challenges and transform your life. My philosophy is that therapy is just as much about shining a light on the strengths that we already have, as it is about bridging the gap in certain deficits we may be dealing with.
(206) 620-1423 View (206) 620-1423
Photo of Laura Grant, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Laura Grant
Counselor, MA, LPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98103  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Welcome! I primarily treat older adolescents, young adults, and adults across the lifespan who have been diagnosed with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), OC Related Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders. In addition, I have experience treating Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Phobias (Fear of vomiting, swallowing, choking and panic related to agoraphobia), Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety, BFRB's (Skin picking and Trichotillomania), perfectionism, health anxiety, emotional dysregulation, distressing intrusive thoughts, and excessive worry.
Welcome! I primarily treat older adolescents, young adults, and adults across the lifespan who have been diagnosed with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), OC Related Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders. In addition, I have experience treating Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Phobias (Fear of vomiting, swallowing, choking and panic related to agoraphobia), Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety, BFRB's (Skin picking and Trichotillomania), perfectionism, health anxiety, emotional dysregulation, distressing intrusive thoughts, and excessive worry.
(206) 472-1753 View (206) 472-1753
Photo of Hannah Rekoon, Pre-Licensed Professional in Seattle, WA
Hannah Rekoon
Pre-Licensed Professional, BA
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98104
Life can sometimes leave us feeling overwhelmed or hopeless. Everyday stressors and relationship losses can leave you feeling disconnected from others, anxious or depressed. Taking the step to reach out for support takes immense strength. Whatever you are experiencing, I am here to help empower you with support and empathy. I use a nonjudgmental collaborative approach and also encourage clients to move toward change and healing - we are in this together.
Life can sometimes leave us feeling overwhelmed or hopeless. Everyday stressors and relationship losses can leave you feeling disconnected from others, anxious or depressed. Taking the step to reach out for support takes immense strength. Whatever you are experiencing, I am here to help empower you with support and empathy. I use a nonjudgmental collaborative approach and also encourage clients to move toward change and healing - we are in this together.
(425) 946-2581 View (425) 946-2581
Photo of Chad Hara, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Chad Hara
Counselor, BS, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98102  (Online Only)
Life is often scary and filled with unpredictable pain. My job is to be present with you as we work through those difficult experiences together. As an identifying queer, Asian-American, cis-man I believe identity is a crucial part of understanding one’s self. This knowledge is the first step to change.
Life is often scary and filled with unpredictable pain. My job is to be present with you as we work through those difficult experiences together. As an identifying queer, Asian-American, cis-man I believe identity is a crucial part of understanding one’s self. This knowledge is the first step to change.
(425) 842-3681 View (425) 842-3681
Photo of Johanna Wender, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Johanna Wender
Counselor, MA, LMHC, CMHS
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98118
Welcome to Bravura Counseling. I proudly specialize in mental health wellness for active duty and retired first responders, as well as military members and veterans, and their family members, throughout Washington State. I focus on providing counseling that addresses some of the most urgent mental health conditions affecting our first responder and military communities, including: PTSD, critical incident trauma, anxiety, depression, suicide prevention, burnout/workplace stress, substance abuse, and work/life balance.
Welcome to Bravura Counseling. I proudly specialize in mental health wellness for active duty and retired first responders, as well as military members and veterans, and their family members, throughout Washington State. I focus on providing counseling that addresses some of the most urgent mental health conditions affecting our first responder and military communities, including: PTSD, critical incident trauma, anxiety, depression, suicide prevention, burnout/workplace stress, substance abuse, and work/life balance.
(206) 594-5736 View (206) 594-5736

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Seattle, WA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Seattle, WA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
86% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
72% Trauma and PTSD
71% Stress
69% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Premera
53% Aetna
47% Regence

How Therapists in Seattle, WA see their clients

51% Online Only
49% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Seattle?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.