Therapists in Madison, NJ

Photo of Dominick Ottomanelli, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Madison, NJ
Dominick Ottomanelli
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Madison, NJ 07940
I have worked with individuals, couples, and families across the lifespan using compassionate and evidence-based theories. I serve and assist clients with life-interfering anxiety and depression, personality disorders and interpersonal conflicts. I also work with mood disorders and assist in changing challenging behavioral patterns that interfere with their quality of life. Everyone wants to build and feel as though they are developing a life worth living. Whatever brings you here, I want you to know that I am here to help and will treat you with respect and promise to hold a non-judgmental space for you.
I have worked with individuals, couples, and families across the lifespan using compassionate and evidence-based theories. I serve and assist clients with life-interfering anxiety and depression, personality disorders and interpersonal conflicts. I also work with mood disorders and assist in changing challenging behavioral patterns that interfere with their quality of life. Everyone wants to build and feel as though they are developing a life worth living. Whatever brings you here, I want you to know that I am here to help and will treat you with respect and promise to hold a non-judgmental space for you.
(973) 846-1779 View (973) 846-1779
Photo of Therese Zimmer-Farid, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Madison, NJ
Therese Zimmer-Farid
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Madison, NJ 07940
Whether you are in a place of uncertainty and desperation or hoping to reach your utmost potential, I congratulate you for making this step in taking control of your life and facing your challenges. Every individual, whether you are a parent, student, professional, athlete or performer, endures pain or confusion at some point in life. As a professional support to you, I feel privileged to assist you, without judgement, in reclaiming a life of peace and control that you so rightly deserve.
Whether you are in a place of uncertainty and desperation or hoping to reach your utmost potential, I congratulate you for making this step in taking control of your life and facing your challenges. Every individual, whether you are a parent, student, professional, athlete or performer, endures pain or confusion at some point in life. As a professional support to you, I feel privileged to assist you, without judgement, in reclaiming a life of peace and control that you so rightly deserve.
(973) 520-0046 View (973) 520-0046
Photo of Nancy Begin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Madison, NJ
Nancy Begin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Madison, NJ 07940
Are you currently experiencing anxiety, prolonged sadness, inability to enjoy life, difficulty with interpersonal relationships or a desire to grow in your knowledge of self understanding? Have you experienced a traumatic event that is interferring with daily life? If so you might benefit from time spent with a compassionate and caring therapist. As a clinician I have assisted others in their personal journey toward wholeness and self discovery.
Are you currently experiencing anxiety, prolonged sadness, inability to enjoy life, difficulty with interpersonal relationships or a desire to grow in your knowledge of self understanding? Have you experienced a traumatic event that is interferring with daily life? If so you might benefit from time spent with a compassionate and caring therapist. As a clinician I have assisted others in their personal journey toward wholeness and self discovery.
(973) 355-6444 View (973) 355-6444
Photo of Hope Eliasof, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Madison, NJ
Hope Eliasof
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMFT
Verified Verified
Madison, NJ 07940  (Online Only)
Do you and your partner argue all the time? Do you feel a growing distance from one another? Is there a lack of trust because of cheating or not living up to commitments? For more than 30 years I've helped hundreds of couples and individuals build stronger and healthier relationships. As a licensed couples therapist and certified sex therapist I use a variety of proven techniques to help people solve conflicts, improve communication and ignite a spark in their sex lives. Together, we'll work to decrease anger, blame and defensiveness, replacing them with assertiveness, compassion and mindfulness. I work with diverse couples.
Do you and your partner argue all the time? Do you feel a growing distance from one another? Is there a lack of trust because of cheating or not living up to commitments? For more than 30 years I've helped hundreds of couples and individuals build stronger and healthier relationships. As a licensed couples therapist and certified sex therapist I use a variety of proven techniques to help people solve conflicts, improve communication and ignite a spark in their sex lives. Together, we'll work to decrease anger, blame and defensiveness, replacing them with assertiveness, compassion and mindfulness. I work with diverse couples.
(201) 389-8259 View (201) 389-8259
Photo of Clorinda Bulfamante, Psychologist in Madison, NJ
Clorinda Bulfamante
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Madison, NJ 07940
I am a clinical psychologist providing therapy and assessment services in Scarsdale and Greenwich. I treat various conditions, such as depression, anxiety, behavioral problems, social anxiety, and school/work issues. I also focus on life transitions, whether that be a recent move, transition from college, changes in family dynamics, or changes in significant relationships. Furthermore, I have extensive experience in conducting psychological assessments. Therapeutically, I focus on developing teens and adults, where as I provide assessments for all ages.
I am a clinical psychologist providing therapy and assessment services in Scarsdale and Greenwich. I treat various conditions, such as depression, anxiety, behavioral problems, social anxiety, and school/work issues. I also focus on life transitions, whether that be a recent move, transition from college, changes in family dynamics, or changes in significant relationships. Furthermore, I have extensive experience in conducting psychological assessments. Therapeutically, I focus on developing teens and adults, where as I provide assessments for all ages.
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Photo of Julie Roebuck, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Madison, NJ
Julie Roebuck
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Madison, NJ 07940
At TCTCS, we are all about providing relief and recovery to our clients. Throughout our life spans, we will experience a variety of transitions and traumas. Everyone experiences these adjustments in different ways. Examples of our traumas include but are not limited to: post partum depression, divorce, bullying, cyber stalking, relationship adjustments and separations, loss, medical illnesses, mental health challenges, domestic and/or sexual violence, betrayals and surviving child abuse etc. We have a team of trauma informed therapists who presently have availability. We speak Hebrew and French and English.
At TCTCS, we are all about providing relief and recovery to our clients. Throughout our life spans, we will experience a variety of transitions and traumas. Everyone experiences these adjustments in different ways. Examples of our traumas include but are not limited to: post partum depression, divorce, bullying, cyber stalking, relationship adjustments and separations, loss, medical illnesses, mental health challenges, domestic and/or sexual violence, betrayals and surviving child abuse etc. We have a team of trauma informed therapists who presently have availability. We speak Hebrew and French and English.
(551) 465-7237 View (551) 465-7237
Photo of Dr. Kelly J Sullivan, Psychologist in Madison, NJ
Dr. Kelly J Sullivan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Madison, NJ 07940
Sometimes what we are searching for already exists within us, we just need help finding it. In therapy I help you to reflect and reacquaint yourself with what you need to feel most alive. Through building self-compassion and mindfulness I can help you to feel more present in your life. My treatment approach combines active exploration and practical solutions to aid you in discovering an authentic and meaningful life. I will help you to highlight your personal strengths in order to better adjust to life transitions, improve relationships and better understand emotions/behaviors.
Sometimes what we are searching for already exists within us, we just need help finding it. In therapy I help you to reflect and reacquaint yourself with what you need to feel most alive. Through building self-compassion and mindfulness I can help you to feel more present in your life. My treatment approach combines active exploration and practical solutions to aid you in discovering an authentic and meaningful life. I will help you to highlight your personal strengths in order to better adjust to life transitions, improve relationships and better understand emotions/behaviors.
(201) 292-5034 View (201) 292-5034
Photo of Michelle Solino, Licensed Professional Counselor in Madison, NJ
Michelle Solino
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, ACS, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
Madison, NJ 07940
Are you an athlete or other high-performer who just never feels good enough? Do you struggle with anxiety or liking what you see in the mirror? Do you really just want to be happy? If so, I understand and I can help. My name is Michelle Solino, LPC, and I’m a licensed professional counselor located in Madison, NJ, working with children, adolescents, and adults throughout Morris County. My areas of specialty include: anxiety, depression, eating disorders, disordered eating, and sports counseling. If you struggle with any of the above, I can help!
Are you an athlete or other high-performer who just never feels good enough? Do you struggle with anxiety or liking what you see in the mirror? Do you really just want to be happy? If so, I understand and I can help. My name is Michelle Solino, LPC, and I’m a licensed professional counselor located in Madison, NJ, working with children, adolescents, and adults throughout Morris County. My areas of specialty include: anxiety, depression, eating disorders, disordered eating, and sports counseling. If you struggle with any of the above, I can help!
(973) 321-6116 View (973) 321-6116
Melissa Klika
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Madison, NJ 07940
My goal is to provide a warm, supportive, collaborative environment for my clients. I am a licensed psychologist specializing in individual and group therapy for children, adolescents, college students, and adults. I can assist in the development of coping strategies to manage social challenges, stress, depression, and anxiety. I help individuals learn about specific behaviors and develop interventions that lead to positive behavioral change. Together we can identify triggers to stress and develop coping skills for empowerment.
My goal is to provide a warm, supportive, collaborative environment for my clients. I am a licensed psychologist specializing in individual and group therapy for children, adolescents, college students, and adults. I can assist in the development of coping strategies to manage social challenges, stress, depression, and anxiety. I help individuals learn about specific behaviors and develop interventions that lead to positive behavioral change. Together we can identify triggers to stress and develop coping skills for empowerment.
(908) 982-4065 View (908) 982-4065
Photo of Danielle Mariano, Counselor in Madison, NJ
Danielle Mariano
Counselor, MEd, LAC
Verified Verified
Madison, NJ 07940
I believe most ailments in life arise when we are unhappy in relationships, whether that is with ourselves or with the special people in our lives. Coming from a humanistic lens, my approach to counseling is focused on improving these connections through inner growth. I do not tend to follow one therapy modality; instead, I tailor my counseling based on the client to meet their individual needs and facilitate self-awareness.
I believe most ailments in life arise when we are unhappy in relationships, whether that is with ourselves or with the special people in our lives. Coming from a humanistic lens, my approach to counseling is focused on improving these connections through inner growth. I do not tend to follow one therapy modality; instead, I tailor my counseling based on the client to meet their individual needs and facilitate self-awareness.
(862) 292-9108 View (862) 292-9108
Photo of Alyssa Austern, Psychologist in Madison, NJ
Alyssa Austern
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Madison, NJ 07940  (Online Only)
Whether you are struggling with relationships, overwhelmed by parenting stress, or feeling anxious or depressed, I can help you gain valuable perspective and learn coping skills to better manage your own challenges and live your best life. As a working mother and New Jersey native, I am keenly aware of the pressures and stressors that teens and adults endure today, as well as the challenges associated with managing various roles. It’s important to find balance in caring for yourself and others, and to navigate the competitive environment we live in with greater ease and self-confidence.
Whether you are struggling with relationships, overwhelmed by parenting stress, or feeling anxious or depressed, I can help you gain valuable perspective and learn coping skills to better manage your own challenges and live your best life. As a working mother and New Jersey native, I am keenly aware of the pressures and stressors that teens and adults endure today, as well as the challenges associated with managing various roles. It’s important to find balance in caring for yourself and others, and to navigate the competitive environment we live in with greater ease and self-confidence.
(973) 524-7242 View (973) 524-7242
Photo of Jen Ellis Walters, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Madison, NJ
Jen Ellis Walters
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Madison, NJ 07940
Thank you for taking the time to read my profile. The “right fit” in therapy is crucial for success. I am told I am an approachable and knowledgeable therapist and listed below are my areas of specialty. I offer in-office therapy, in-home consultation, training and family/community support meetings aimed at providing an integrative approach to you or your child’s emotional health. For my work with children, I specialize in high functioning autism, ADHD, anxiety and other childhood behavioral concerns. With adults, I focus on how life changes/losses have changed your path and work to help you get back to where you want to be.
Thank you for taking the time to read my profile. The “right fit” in therapy is crucial for success. I am told I am an approachable and knowledgeable therapist and listed below are my areas of specialty. I offer in-office therapy, in-home consultation, training and family/community support meetings aimed at providing an integrative approach to you or your child’s emotional health. For my work with children, I specialize in high functioning autism, ADHD, anxiety and other childhood behavioral concerns. With adults, I focus on how life changes/losses have changed your path and work to help you get back to where you want to be.
(973) 520-0351 View (973) 520-0351
Photo of Jackie Hamlett, Counselor in Madison, NJ
Jackie Hamlett
Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Madison, NJ 07940
Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious or uncertain? Now is the time to make yourself a priority and create a better quality of life. You deserve it! At Hamlett Health, I believe each person's life experiences are unique and as a therapist I work with each client to help you recognize, accept and make sense your feelings and experiences. In our dialogue, we can identify actions that may be limiting your ability to create a positive change in your life. As we work on clarifying personal values and developing greater mindfulness, it finally can become possible to move in the direction of growth!
Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious or uncertain? Now is the time to make yourself a priority and create a better quality of life. You deserve it! At Hamlett Health, I believe each person's life experiences are unique and as a therapist I work with each client to help you recognize, accept and make sense your feelings and experiences. In our dialogue, we can identify actions that may be limiting your ability to create a positive change in your life. As we work on clarifying personal values and developing greater mindfulness, it finally can become possible to move in the direction of growth!
(973) 264-4352 View (973) 264-4352
Photo of Caitlin Northern, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Madison, NJ
Caitlin Northern
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Madison, NJ 07940
Caitlin is a seasoned therapist with over a decade of experience who is dedicated to help guide you on your journey to healing and personal growth. She specializes in helping children, adults, and families to not only address issues like anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, behavioral problems (child/teen), and autism, but to find their overall path towards happiness and well-being. Her expertise further extends to complex trauma and loss with a deep understanding of attachment-related issues. Her understanding of Child and Family Studies makes her exceptionally well-prepared to address issues at the individual and environmental levels.
Caitlin is a seasoned therapist with over a decade of experience who is dedicated to help guide you on your journey to healing and personal growth. She specializes in helping children, adults, and families to not only address issues like anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, behavioral problems (child/teen), and autism, but to find their overall path towards happiness and well-being. Her expertise further extends to complex trauma and loss with a deep understanding of attachment-related issues. Her understanding of Child and Family Studies makes her exceptionally well-prepared to address issues at the individual and environmental levels.
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Photo of Magdalena Brown, Licensed Professional Counselor in Madison, NJ
Magdalena Brown
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSc , LPC, CTP
Verified Verified
Madison, NJ 07940  (Online Only)
Are you struggling with anxiety, OCD, depression, relationship issues or a difficult life transition? Have you been affected by trauma or multiple traumatic experiences? Would you like to regain control of your thoughts, emotions and begins to live a meaningful and enjoyable life? I can help you heal by providing research based coping skills, supporting you in cultivating feelings of healthy connection with yourself and others, and offering a safe space to explore, process and overcome difficult issues and past traumas.
Are you struggling with anxiety, OCD, depression, relationship issues or a difficult life transition? Have you been affected by trauma or multiple traumatic experiences? Would you like to regain control of your thoughts, emotions and begins to live a meaningful and enjoyable life? I can help you heal by providing research based coping skills, supporting you in cultivating feelings of healthy connection with yourself and others, and offering a safe space to explore, process and overcome difficult issues and past traumas.
(973) 657-5664 View (973) 657-5664
Photo of Wendi L Dumbroff, Licensed Professional Counselor in Madison, NJ
Wendi L Dumbroff
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Madison, NJ 07940
The decision to go to therapy is not an easy one, but it is a courageous step for someone who is having difficulty in some area of their life or in their relationships. I am a caring, culturally competent therapist who works with individuals, couples, and families around many issues, including: marital problems, sexual issues, raising adolescents, depression, anxiety, and how all mental health issues impact our lives and relationships. I have specialized training in couple and family therapy which I obtained through the Ackerman Institute for the Family In New York City. I am also currently pursuing certification in sex therapy.
The decision to go to therapy is not an easy one, but it is a courageous step for someone who is having difficulty in some area of their life or in their relationships. I am a caring, culturally competent therapist who works with individuals, couples, and families around many issues, including: marital problems, sexual issues, raising adolescents, depression, anxiety, and how all mental health issues impact our lives and relationships. I have specialized training in couple and family therapy which I obtained through the Ackerman Institute for the Family In New York City. I am also currently pursuing certification in sex therapy.
(973) 425-5071 View (973) 425-5071
Photo of Justine Hinge, Counselor in Madison, NJ
Justine Hinge
Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Madison, NJ 07940  (Online Only)
I help individuals achieve levels of happiness, fulfillment and success that were otherwise thought to be unachievable. My passion lies in helping clients radically change their beliefs about themselves, others and the world to achieve their goals. I believe the keys to success are establishing a trusting, collaborative relationship, and providing honest, direct feedback in an empathetic and non judgmental way. I believe each of my clients has all of the tools and resources within themselves to achieve whatever dreams they have and to reignite passion in their lives. I also offer ketamine assisted psychotherapy to eligible clients.
I help individuals achieve levels of happiness, fulfillment and success that were otherwise thought to be unachievable. My passion lies in helping clients radically change their beliefs about themselves, others and the world to achieve their goals. I believe the keys to success are establishing a trusting, collaborative relationship, and providing honest, direct feedback in an empathetic and non judgmental way. I believe each of my clients has all of the tools and resources within themselves to achieve whatever dreams they have and to reignite passion in their lives. I also offer ketamine assisted psychotherapy to eligible clients.
(862) 212-0781 View (862) 212-0781
Photo of Michaela D'Urso, Pre-Licensed Professional in Madison, NJ
Michaela D'Urso
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Madison, NJ 07940
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
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Photo of Anna Bradshaw, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Madison, NJ
Anna Bradshaw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MDiv, LCSW
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Madison, NJ 07940
Not accepting new clients
It's time for a change but you don't know where or how to start. I'm here to talk about parenting, anxiety, depression, grief, childhood hurts, and improving your relationships. Helping yourself, helps everyone around you. Clients say, "I wish I had done this sooner!" My passion is to provide a space for women to share what is important and understand themselves better.
It's time for a change but you don't know where or how to start. I'm here to talk about parenting, anxiety, depression, grief, childhood hurts, and improving your relationships. Helping yourself, helps everyone around you. Clients say, "I wish I had done this sooner!" My passion is to provide a space for women to share what is important and understand themselves better.
(973) 520-0296 View (973) 520-0296
Photo of Lauren Dobbs, Psychologist in Madison, NJ
Lauren Dobbs
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Madison, NJ 07940
Dr. Dobbs is an accomplished clinical psychologist with over fifteen years of experience between teaching and clinical work. She specializes in working with children, teens, and adults and has worked across various settings, including private practice, school, residential, and community mental health. Her therapeutic approach is rooted in the gold standard of treatment, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, which provides faster, more effective results. With children and teens, she goes beyond the traditional confines of therapy by harnessing their natural creativity, integrating art, music, games, journaling, and other creative outlets.
Dr. Dobbs is an accomplished clinical psychologist with over fifteen years of experience between teaching and clinical work. She specializes in working with children, teens, and adults and has worked across various settings, including private practice, school, residential, and community mental health. Her therapeutic approach is rooted in the gold standard of treatment, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, which provides faster, more effective results. With children and teens, she goes beyond the traditional confines of therapy by harnessing their natural creativity, integrating art, music, games, journaling, and other creative outlets.
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Madison, NJ

100+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Madison, NJ who prioritize treating:

99% Anxiety
97% Depression
87% Relationship Issues
83% Self Esteem
72% Coping Skills
71% Grief
70% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

63% Aetna
62% Cigna and Evernorth
60% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Madison, NJ see their clients

82% In Person and Online
18% Online Only

Gender breakdown

87% Female
13% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Madison?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.