Photo of Cecilia Kinast, Psychologist in Maine
Cecilia Kinast
Psychologist, PhD, ABPdN
Verified Verified
Camden, ME 04843  (Online Only)
Expertise in Pediatric Neuropsychological testing especially in autism, adoption related, FAS, prenatal exposure to Opioids and other medications and substances, Concussions, Learning Disabilities, ADHD. My practice is general, although expertise in children.. and i test and see Children, Adolescents, Adults, Couples and Families. My treatment approaches include Psychotherapy includes CBT, insight oriented, play, Behavior Management, Parent Training. Cliental are of various psychological issues including anxiety, depression, emotional dysregulation, obsessions/compulsions, conflict resolution, autism related, post traumatic stress disorder, emotional..physical.. sexual abuse. Often and familiar with working with local and state wide schools, physicians, psychiatrists, social agencies, multiple service providers.
Expertise in Pediatric Neuropsychological testing especially in autism, adoption related, FAS, prenatal exposure to Opioids and other medications and substances, Concussions, Learning Disabilities, ADHD. My practice is general, although expertise in children.. and i test and see Children, Adolescents, Adults, Couples and Families. My treatment approaches include Psychotherapy includes CBT, insight oriented, play, Behavior Management, Parent Training. Cliental are of various psychological issues including anxiety, depression, emotional dysregulation, obsessions/compulsions, conflict resolution, autism related, post traumatic stress disorder, emotional..physical.. sexual abuse. Often and familiar with working with local and state wide schools, physicians, psychiatrists, social agencies, multiple service providers.
(207) 747-3983 View (207) 747-3983
Photo of Stephanie Chmielewski Francis, Counselor in Maine
Stephanie Chmielewski Francis
Counselor, LCPC, RPT, NCC
Verified Verified
Orland, ME 04472
My present focus is with children 4-12+ years of age. Specific areas of mental health training have included ADHD, Learning Disorders, Mood and Anxiety Disorders, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (ND-PAE), trauma and grief/loss as well as methods for working with angry and/or dys-regulated children. Treatment modalities include Child-Centered Play Therapy and Synergetic Play Therapy. Cognitive Behavioral approaches are utilized when deemed appropriate. Since my practice is with children, a special focus is additionally placed on working directly with the child’s parent (s)/caregiver (s).
My present focus is with children 4-12+ years of age. Specific areas of mental health training have included ADHD, Learning Disorders, Mood and Anxiety Disorders, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (ND-PAE), trauma and grief/loss as well as methods for working with angry and/or dys-regulated children. Treatment modalities include Child-Centered Play Therapy and Synergetic Play Therapy. Cognitive Behavioral approaches are utilized when deemed appropriate. Since my practice is with children, a special focus is additionally placed on working directly with the child’s parent (s)/caregiver (s).
(207) 517-2031 View (207) 517-2031
Photo of Raymond Amidon, Counselor in Maine
Raymond Amidon
Counselor, LCPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
South Berwick, ME 03908
Hi, I am a licensed Clinical Counselor and Family Therapist. I have over 35 years of experience working with children, teens, adults' couples and families. I continue to expand my learning and increase the skills that I bring to each session. I listen to what each client brings to the therapy and, in collaboration with them, I tailor the interventions to what seems best for that person, couple or family. My approaches include cognitive-behavioral (CBT), family systems, clinical hypnosis, and solution-focused therapy, along with and energy meditations and other holistic interventions.
Hi, I am a licensed Clinical Counselor and Family Therapist. I have over 35 years of experience working with children, teens, adults' couples and families. I continue to expand my learning and increase the skills that I bring to each session. I listen to what each client brings to the therapy and, in collaboration with them, I tailor the interventions to what seems best for that person, couple or family. My approaches include cognitive-behavioral (CBT), family systems, clinical hypnosis, and solution-focused therapy, along with and energy meditations and other holistic interventions.
(207) 747-3253 x1 View (207) 747-3253 x1
Photo of Anthony B Tourigny, Counselor in Maine
Anthony B Tourigny
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Biddeford, ME 04005
Waitlist for new clients
Licensed clinician and psychological examiner and certified school psychologist with expertise in learning disabilities, emotional disorders, and behavior disorders with children, adolescents and young adults.
I work primarily with school-age clients including children and young adults and their families. I have experience working with clients experiencing behavioral issues, ADHD, anxiety, depression, grief, and autism spectrum disorders. As a licensed psychological examiner through the state of Maine I also conduct psychoeducational evaluations.
Licensed clinician and psychological examiner and certified school psychologist with expertise in learning disabilities, emotional disorders, and behavior disorders with children, adolescents and young adults.
I work primarily with school-age clients including children and young adults and their families. I have experience working with clients experiencing behavioral issues, ADHD, anxiety, depression, grief, and autism spectrum disorders. As a licensed psychological examiner through the state of Maine I also conduct psychoeducational evaluations.
(207) 994-8511 View (207) 994-8511
Photo of Jennifer Curran, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Maine
Jennifer Curran
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW-CC
Verified Verified
Portland, ME 04105
These modalities in combination with learning strategies, coping skills, anxiety reducing activities and mindfulness are all instrumental in relieving stress and can encourage you into perceiving new ways of viewing your life, managing difficulties, and finding the motivation to accept change.
My belief is that you are truly the expert in your own life. That life can present times where you may need help to traverse the unique challenges you face. My primary focus is to offer a non-judgmental empathetic space that is both safe and inspiring. A space where feelings and emotions can exist without judgement. A space to explore and discover your authentic self. I work with children, adolescents and adults that are experiencing a wide range of issues that can include: trauma, anxiety, chronic pain, depression, relationship issues, and grief/loss.
These modalities in combination with learning strategies, coping skills, anxiety reducing activities and mindfulness are all instrumental in relieving stress and can encourage you into perceiving new ways of viewing your life, managing difficulties, and finding the motivation to accept change.
My belief is that you are truly the expert in your own life. That life can present times where you may need help to traverse the unique challenges you face. My primary focus is to offer a non-judgmental empathetic space that is both safe and inspiring. A space where feelings and emotions can exist without judgement. A space to explore and discover your authentic self. I work with children, adolescents and adults that are experiencing a wide range of issues that can include: trauma, anxiety, chronic pain, depression, relationship issues, and grief/loss.
(207) 233-0280 View (207) 233-0280
Photo of Tara McKernan, Counselor in Maine
Tara McKernan
Counselor, MEd, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bar Harbor, ME 04609
I have experience working with anxiety, depression, disordered eating, grief, relationship issues, ADHD, learning differences, and neurodivergence.
As a counselor, I work with individuals of all ages. My professional preparation started at Miami University (Oxford, OH), where I earned a Bachelor’s degree in special education. I hold a Master’s degree in counseling from The University of Maine. I was a special education teacher and school-based mental health counselor in schools on Mount Desert Island, Maine for over 20 years.
I have experience working with anxiety, depression, disordered eating, grief, relationship issues, ADHD, learning differences, and neurodivergence.
As a counselor, I work with individuals of all ages. My professional preparation started at Miami University (Oxford, OH), where I earned a Bachelor’s degree in special education. I hold a Master’s degree in counseling from The University of Maine. I was a special education teacher and school-based mental health counselor in schools on Mount Desert Island, Maine for over 20 years.
(207) 263-0880 View (207) 263-0880
Photo of Sierra Wait, Psychologist in Maine
Sierra Wait
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Blue Hill, ME 04614
I have expertise in conducting psychological/neuropsychological evaluations used for diagnosing a variety of disorders, including: Intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, specific learning disorder, anxiety disorders, OCD, mood disorders, trauma and stress-related disorders, and more.
Hello! Thank you for considering me as your psychologist. I am taking new patients for both therapy and psychological evaluations. I am accepting virtual therapy patients throughout the state of Maine and in-person patients at my office in Blue Hill for therapy and evaluations. I utilize a variety of approaches based on patient needs, including cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based approaches, exposure-based interventions, solution-focused approaches and trauma-informed treatment. I believe it is important to treat the whole person and not just the diagnosis, so we will also explore factors related to overall well-being.
I have expertise in conducting psychological/neuropsychological evaluations used for diagnosing a variety of disorders, including: Intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, specific learning disorder, anxiety disorders, OCD, mood disorders, trauma and stress-related disorders, and more.
Hello! Thank you for considering me as your psychologist. I am taking new patients for both therapy and psychological evaluations. I am accepting virtual therapy patients throughout the state of Maine and in-person patients at my office in Blue Hill for therapy and evaluations. I utilize a variety of approaches based on patient needs, including cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based approaches, exposure-based interventions, solution-focused approaches and trauma-informed treatment. I believe it is important to treat the whole person and not just the diagnosis, so we will also explore factors related to overall well-being.
(207) 306-2653 View (207) 306-2653
Photo of Dr. Melissa Marshall, Psychologist in Maine
Dr. Melissa Marshall
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Kittery, ME 03904
Seeking clarity for your child's challenges? Differences between school reports and your observations? Questioning diagnoses? My neuropsychological evaluations provide insights into concerns like learning disabilities, behavioral issues, mood instability, autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, and executive functioning. Empower your child's success with tailored strategies addressing learning difficulties, attention concerns, and emotional hurdles. Let's partner together to understand your child's unique strengths and challenges, unlocking their full potential for academic, emotional, social, and behavioral growth.
Seeking clarity for your child's challenges? Differences between school reports and your observations? Questioning diagnoses? My neuropsychological evaluations provide insights into concerns like learning disabilities, behavioral issues, mood instability, autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, and executive functioning. Empower your child's success with tailored strategies addressing learning difficulties, attention concerns, and emotional hurdles. Let's partner together to understand your child's unique strengths and challenges, unlocking their full potential for academic, emotional, social, and behavioral growth.
(603) 205-3721 View (603) 205-3721
Photo of Carol Sherman Hayes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Maine
Carol Sherman Hayes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Newcastle, ME 04553
I have over 25 years as a clinical social worker using a variety of approaches based upon the individual's situation. I focus on positive, strength-based solutions when working with children, adolescents and adults. With an extensive social work background in elementary and middle school settings, I utilize collaboration with staff to help children and families. I believe that it is important for the individual and therapist to work together as a team to achieve the client's personal goals.
I have over 25 years as a clinical social worker using a variety of approaches based upon the individual's situation. I focus on positive, strength-based solutions when working with children, adolescents and adults. With an extensive social work background in elementary and middle school settings, I utilize collaboration with staff to help children and families. I believe that it is important for the individual and therapist to work together as a team to achieve the client's personal goals.
(844) 920-2965 View (844) 920-2965
Loretta L. Severson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Waldoboro, ME 04572
Raised in Waldoboro, Maine. Received my doctorate from University of Hartford in CT. I have experience providing therapy and testing/evaluations with children as young as three through the adult age of 90 something. I have specialized training with developmental disabilities and have also worked with individuals struggling to regain control of their life after addiction, divorce, and parental conflict. Most of my clients have a history of trauma and find my therapeutic style comforting. My style meets you where you are at and evolves with the pace YOU are ready for, WHEN you are ready.
Raised in Waldoboro, Maine. Received my doctorate from University of Hartford in CT. I have experience providing therapy and testing/evaluations with children as young as three through the adult age of 90 something. I have specialized training with developmental disabilities and have also worked with individuals struggling to regain control of their life after addiction, divorce, and parental conflict. Most of my clients have a history of trauma and find my therapeutic style comforting. My style meets you where you are at and evolves with the pace YOU are ready for, WHEN you are ready.
(207) 835-3695 View (207) 835-3695
Photo of Jeffrey Selman, Psychologist in Maine
Jeffrey Selman
Psychologist, PsyD, BCBA-D
Verified Verified
My name is Dr. Jeff Selman and I am a licensed psychologist, Board Certified Behavior Analyst (BCBA), and a certified school psychologist. I offer evidence-based telepsychology services to individuals across the lifespan and their families. These services include autism screening and assessment, individual and family therapy, parent behavior management training and coaching, and consultation and training for schools and community agencies. My approach is grounded in cognitive behavior therapy and behavior therapy. My sessions tend to be active, goal-oriented, and engaging. I love the work and welcomes complex and challenging cases.
My name is Dr. Jeff Selman and I am a licensed psychologist, Board Certified Behavior Analyst (BCBA), and a certified school psychologist. I offer evidence-based telepsychology services to individuals across the lifespan and their families. These services include autism screening and assessment, individual and family therapy, parent behavior management training and coaching, and consultation and training for schools and community agencies. My approach is grounded in cognitive behavior therapy and behavior therapy. My sessions tend to be active, goal-oriented, and engaging. I love the work and welcomes complex and challenging cases.
(207) 679-0929 View (207) 679-0929
Photo of Many Moons Psychotherapy Services, Inc., Counselor in Maine
Many Moons Psychotherapy Services, Inc.
Counselor
Verified Verified
Freeport, ME 04032
*ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS AND OFFERING TELEHEALTH* Many Moons is a small group practice of 5 arts-based clinicians. By combining art making with psychotherapy, the creative process can be a safe holding container for personal content as well as a pathway to explore current struggles. Arts-based modalities include common materials like drawing, painting, clay sculpture and jewelry. We can introduce you to narrative expressions through mixed-media collage, music, poetry, and guided imagery/meditation. A photo gallery of client artwork is available at www.manymoonstherapy.org.
*ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS AND OFFERING TELEHEALTH* Many Moons is a small group practice of 5 arts-based clinicians. By combining art making with psychotherapy, the creative process can be a safe holding container for personal content as well as a pathway to explore current struggles. Arts-based modalities include common materials like drawing, painting, clay sculpture and jewelry. We can introduce you to narrative expressions through mixed-media collage, music, poetry, and guided imagery/meditation. A photo gallery of client artwork is available at www.manymoonstherapy.org.
(207) 504-2664 View (207) 504-2664
Photo of Eileen Manglass Lcsw, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Maine
Eileen Manglass Lcsw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Auburn, ME 04210
Are you stuck and searching for a path forward? Struggling with stressful life events, grief or anxiety? Are you wanting a voice and validation; and most importantly, the tools for more success, more joy? I can help you become empowered, to a life full of possibility. I've been a counselor in Maine for more than twenty years, providing compassionate solutions in an accepting environment. Together, we will find the help you need; healing, growth, and lasting change. I work with adult individuals.
Are you stuck and searching for a path forward? Struggling with stressful life events, grief or anxiety? Are you wanting a voice and validation; and most importantly, the tools for more success, more joy? I can help you become empowered, to a life full of possibility. I've been a counselor in Maine for more than twenty years, providing compassionate solutions in an accepting environment. Together, we will find the help you need; healing, growth, and lasting change. I work with adult individuals.
(207) 358-4334 View (207) 358-4334
Photo of Mary Mccann, Psychologist in Maine
Mary Mccann
Psychologist, EdD
Verified Verified
Falmouth, ME 04105
Are you seeking a seasoned, compassionate psychotherapist to help you become the version of yourself you yearn to be? I have found that very often the crisis which is the motivation to seek deep responsive listening of therapy is a profound opportunity for a transformational experience. I am a psychologist, coach, yoga and meditation teacher with nearly 40 years of experience in private practice and educational settings. I offer psychotherapy to adolescents, adults, couples, and families who are struggling with a wide range of issues including depression, anxiety, physical illness, sleep disorders, and marital challenges.
Are you seeking a seasoned, compassionate psychotherapist to help you become the version of yourself you yearn to be? I have found that very often the crisis which is the motivation to seek deep responsive listening of therapy is a profound opportunity for a transformational experience. I am a psychologist, coach, yoga and meditation teacher with nearly 40 years of experience in private practice and educational settings. I offer psychotherapy to adolescents, adults, couples, and families who are struggling with a wide range of issues including depression, anxiety, physical illness, sleep disorders, and marital challenges.
(207) 518-7834 View (207) 518-7834
Photo of Eliza Beth Meyer Lcpc, Licensed Professional Counselor in Maine
Eliza Beth Meyer Lcpc
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Lewiston, ME 04240  (Online Only)
SOLUTION FOCUSED, practical and effective therapy. Twenty years of experience...If you are looking for extra support and guidance to deal with a challenging situation or ready to move forward in a different direction in your life, I welcome the opportunity to listen and work together to find solutions and achieve your goals. Improve your ability to communicate in relationships.. Strengthen your family... Heal from past experiences... Manage anxiety/depression... Dedicated to providing you with the knowledge and skills to develop new healthy patterns.
SOLUTION FOCUSED, practical and effective therapy. Twenty years of experience...If you are looking for extra support and guidance to deal with a challenging situation or ready to move forward in a different direction in your life, I welcome the opportunity to listen and work together to find solutions and achieve your goals. Improve your ability to communicate in relationships.. Strengthen your family... Heal from past experiences... Manage anxiety/depression... Dedicated to providing you with the knowledge and skills to develop new healthy patterns.
(207) 517-4021 View (207) 517-4021
Photo of Steffanie Alexander, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Maine
Steffanie Alexander
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Portland, ME 04102
I help clients navigate life’s stresses and difficulties using treatment methods that are collaborative, evidence based and results oriented. I use problem solving therapies such as: CBT, Solution-Oriented and Positive Psychology. Somatic approaches like Polyvagal Therapy and HRV biofeedback. And I have a foundation in Psychodynamic and Systems Therapy. Helping clients develop resilience and skills to navigate transition, crisis or change is a particular area of specialty. I also work with individuals, couples and families affected by head injury and adult ADHD, bipolar disorder, etc.
I help clients navigate life’s stresses and difficulties using treatment methods that are collaborative, evidence based and results oriented. I use problem solving therapies such as: CBT, Solution-Oriented and Positive Psychology. Somatic approaches like Polyvagal Therapy and HRV biofeedback. And I have a foundation in Psychodynamic and Systems Therapy. Helping clients develop resilience and skills to navigate transition, crisis or change is a particular area of specialty. I also work with individuals, couples and families affected by head injury and adult ADHD, bipolar disorder, etc.
(207) 605-8512 View (207) 605-8512
Photo of Rebecca S. Mowen, LPC, LCPC, Counselor in Maine
Rebecca S. Mowen, LPC, LCPC
Counselor, MA, LPC, LCPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Rockport, ME 04856  (Online Only)
I provide telehealth counseling appointments to clients ages 14+ years old residing in Maine or Pennsylvania. I currently have limited afternoon availability. Are you feeling exhausted and overwhelmed? Would you like to process your concerns with someone who is unbiased and openminded? Do you yearn for a space in which your feelings are validated and empathized with? Looking for encouragement to meet your needs, and support in setting good boundaries with others? Hoping to have an enjoyable therapeutic experience where you can unload your worries, and laugh off some stress? I’d love to help you with this process!
I provide telehealth counseling appointments to clients ages 14+ years old residing in Maine or Pennsylvania. I currently have limited afternoon availability. Are you feeling exhausted and overwhelmed? Would you like to process your concerns with someone who is unbiased and openminded? Do you yearn for a space in which your feelings are validated and empathized with? Looking for encouragement to meet your needs, and support in setting good boundaries with others? Hoping to have an enjoyable therapeutic experience where you can unload your worries, and laugh off some stress? I’d love to help you with this process!
(207) 230-6131 View (207) 230-6131
Photo of Heather Pollard, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Maine
Heather Pollard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP, ASDCS
Verified Verified
Gorham, ME 04038
Waitlist for new clients
New Client availability is mostly online. Limited in person. Welcome. I am happy that you are considering yourself and thinking about your needs. Despite challenges, I do believe that the first goal has already been met in that you are seeking support. This, I realize, is not always easy. I assure you progress starts here, in this step, and in your consideration to yourself. It would be my pleasure and privilege to support you.
New Client availability is mostly online. Limited in person. Welcome. I am happy that you are considering yourself and thinking about your needs. Despite challenges, I do believe that the first goal has already been met in that you are seeking support. This, I realize, is not always easy. I assure you progress starts here, in this step, and in your consideration to yourself. It would be my pleasure and privilege to support you.
(207) 910-7433 View (207) 910-7433
Photo of Cheryl Krawietz, Counselor in Maine
Cheryl Krawietz
Counselor, LCPC, CADC, CSOTP
Verified Verified
Lincoln, ME 04457
Living with mental health issues restricts the quality of life. I work with individuals, couples, families, groups, adults, adolescents, and children to combat the effects of trauma, stressors, and factors that prevent them from living the life they want to lead. This is my mission.
Living with mental health issues restricts the quality of life. I work with individuals, couples, families, groups, adults, adolescents, and children to combat the effects of trauma, stressors, and factors that prevent them from living the life they want to lead. This is my mission.
(207) 417-4594 View (207) 417-4594
Photo of Margaret M Anzalone, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Maine
Margaret M Anzalone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMFT, LPC
Verified Verified
Oakland, ME 04963  (Online Only)
My approach to counseling and consulting draws from rich traditions of spirituality, energy healing, and psychology. My framework is TRANSFORMATIONAL in nature, insight-oriented, purposeful, and achieving wholeness from a personal or spiritual perspective. I am trained in both the behavioral sciences and religion. My goal is to provide therapeutic services to individuals and groups for all ages. I respect the dignity and worth of every person and consider it a privilege to WELCOME and ACCOMPANY people on their journey as challenging situations come up. Trained as a Pastoral Counselor, Clinical Social Worker, Marriage and Family Therapist, and Spiritual Director, my modality is eclectic.
My approach to counseling and consulting draws from rich traditions of spirituality, energy healing, and psychology. My framework is TRANSFORMATIONAL in nature, insight-oriented, purposeful, and achieving wholeness from a personal or spiritual perspective. I am trained in both the behavioral sciences and religion. My goal is to provide therapeutic services to individuals and groups for all ages. I respect the dignity and worth of every person and consider it a privilege to WELCOME and ACCOMPANY people on their journey as challenging situations come up. Trained as a Pastoral Counselor, Clinical Social Worker, Marriage and Family Therapist, and Spiritual Director, my modality is eclectic.
(978) 705-6595 View (978) 705-6595
Education and Learning Disabilities Therapists

How effective is treatment for learning disabilities?

When initiated early and tailored to a child’s specific needs, learning disability treatment can be quite effective at helping a child cope with their disability, though its exact efficacy may depend on the severity of symptoms and whether comorbid disorders exist. Less is known about treatment initiated in adulthood, but it is certainly possible that an adult with a learning disability will see some improvement—or at the very least, identify workarounds and accommodations that could make symptoms less burdensome in day-to-day life.

When should someone seek treatment for learning disabilities?

It’s best to seek treatment as early as possible. Because learning disabilities often go unnoticed until a child starts school, or even until they’re a few years along, regular check-ins with teachers and doctors can help parents determine whether children are meeting milestones and keeping up with peers or whether an evaluation for learning disabilities may be warranted. And although earlier is always better, it’s never too late to be evaluated for learning disabilities and to seek treatment.

What happens if learning disabilities are left untreated?

Undiagnosed and untreated learning disabilities can be a source of significant frustration and shame for a child, who may feel that their challenges stem from a lack of intelligence or willpower. Such feelings can trigger low self-esteem, depression, or anxiety, which may push a child toward risky behaviors, including substance use. In adulthood, untreated learning disabilities can interfere with career success, and lingering feelings of self-doubt and shame can negatively affect someone’s mental health.

Are there medications for learning disabilities?

Currently, there are no medications designed to treat specific learning disabilities such as dysgraphia or dyscalculia. However, someone with a learning disability may be prescribed medication for a comorbid condition, such as anxiety, depression, or ADHD, which may have positive downstream effects on their learning disability; for example, a child with both ADHD and dyslexia may find that they’re better able to focus on their reading exercises after being prescribed a stimulant medication.