Therapists in Seattle, WA

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Photo of Mandy Parida, Mental Health Counselor in Seattle, WA
Mandy Parida
Mental Health Counselor, LMHC, ET
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98136  (Online Only)
Are you a neurodiverse and/or queer identified person struggling to adapt to the pressures and expectations of our current social structure? Do you find yourself apologizing a lot to people who deem you irresponsible, lazy, dramatic, overly emotional, spaced out, or incapable of following through? Does the movement of time feel abstract and meaningless one moment and then overwhelming and stressful another? Do you ever think maybe this world was designed for others more capable than yourself? Are you struggling with who you are and how you show up? Are you stuck? Are you a creative with no inspiration?
Are you a neurodiverse and/or queer identified person struggling to adapt to the pressures and expectations of our current social structure? Do you find yourself apologizing a lot to people who deem you irresponsible, lazy, dramatic, overly emotional, spaced out, or incapable of following through? Does the movement of time feel abstract and meaningless one moment and then overwhelming and stressful another? Do you ever think maybe this world was designed for others more capable than yourself? Are you struggling with who you are and how you show up? Are you stuck? Are you a creative with no inspiration?
(206) 222-8112 View (206) 222-8112
Photo of Samantha Swift, Mental Health Counselor in Seattle, WA
Samantha Swift
Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98119
Have you found yourself feeling worried, struggling with your confidence, or having a hard time managing your mood? All of these feelings can lead to feeling stuck, but I can help! During each session with my clients, I hope to inspire and encourage self-awareness, self-confidence and empowerment. Every person has strengths, and my goal is to find practical strategies to reduce stress to help your strengths shine. I am accepting new clients for in-person or virtual appointments! Virtual appointments are offered to anyone in WA. In-person appointments are at my office in Lower Queen Anne, Seattle.
Have you found yourself feeling worried, struggling with your confidence, or having a hard time managing your mood? All of these feelings can lead to feeling stuck, but I can help! During each session with my clients, I hope to inspire and encourage self-awareness, self-confidence and empowerment. Every person has strengths, and my goal is to find practical strategies to reduce stress to help your strengths shine. I am accepting new clients for in-person or virtual appointments! Virtual appointments are offered to anyone in WA. In-person appointments are at my office in Lower Queen Anne, Seattle.
(425) 657-3976 View (425) 657-3976
Photo of Jeff Fickes, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Jeff Fickes
Counselor, LMHCA, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98109
Is there a story you’re carrying about yourself, a situation, or relationship that’s causing heartache, pain, or frustration? Is it something you just can’t shake or feel stuck carrying? Stories hold power, whether they’re told to us, learned consciously, buried deep, or what we tell ourselves. They can be instructional, revealing, occasionally harmful, but filled with endless possibilities. When we are aware of our stories, we get to determine the next chapter. I want to hear your story.
Is there a story you’re carrying about yourself, a situation, or relationship that’s causing heartache, pain, or frustration? Is it something you just can’t shake or feel stuck carrying? Stories hold power, whether they’re told to us, learned consciously, buried deep, or what we tell ourselves. They can be instructional, revealing, occasionally harmful, but filled with endless possibilities. When we are aware of our stories, we get to determine the next chapter. I want to hear your story.
(206) 741-0802 View (206) 741-0802
Photo of Rhonda Cinotto, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Seattle, WA
Rhonda Cinotto
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LMFTA
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98102
For optimal mental health, it is vital for you to feel seen, understood, and appreciated. I offer a space where you can experience a calm, attentive, nonjudgmental presence as you explore your concerns. My approach involves working collaboratively with you to set goals, noting together what your strengths are and what might be keeping you stuck, and exploring tools, skills, and perspectives that might be useful to you. In our sessions I will show up with curiosity, compassion, and a bit of humor, and I will encourage you to do the same. We will do all of this within the context of a safe and supportive therapeutic relationship.
For optimal mental health, it is vital for you to feel seen, understood, and appreciated. I offer a space where you can experience a calm, attentive, nonjudgmental presence as you explore your concerns. My approach involves working collaboratively with you to set goals, noting together what your strengths are and what might be keeping you stuck, and exploring tools, skills, and perspectives that might be useful to you. In our sessions I will show up with curiosity, compassion, and a bit of humor, and I will encourage you to do the same. We will do all of this within the context of a safe and supportive therapeutic relationship.
(425) 403-7175 View (425) 403-7175
Photo of Krystina Ptasinski, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Krystina Ptasinski
Counselor, LMHC , SUDP, MAT
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98103  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
The lasting impacts of past or current traumas, grief, or addiction, can leave us questioning who we are and how to imagine or build a present or a future we are hopeful for. By bringing these personal narratives into the space of therapy, the process of integration, compassion, self-discovery, lament, empowerment, healing, and ultimately freedom, can begin. As a therapist, I am deeply passionate about helping others build, create, uncover, and discover the people they were meant to be and to live in the fullness of the light they were created from and for.
The lasting impacts of past or current traumas, grief, or addiction, can leave us questioning who we are and how to imagine or build a present or a future we are hopeful for. By bringing these personal narratives into the space of therapy, the process of integration, compassion, self-discovery, lament, empowerment, healing, and ultimately freedom, can begin. As a therapist, I am deeply passionate about helping others build, create, uncover, and discover the people they were meant to be and to live in the fullness of the light they were created from and for.
(206) 495-6043 View (206) 495-6043
Photo of Bethany Foelber, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Bethany Foelber
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98112
While I enjoy working with a variety of therapeutic approaches, I am primarily psychodynamic in orientation. This means that I believe that our early environment and experiences have a profound impact on our way of understanding and relating to the world. As adults, we may discover that we are unable to create the lives we want while being constrained by unhelpful beliefs, feelings, and behaviors stemming from our younger years. My work is also shaped by psychoanalytic and object relations theories, and attachment theory.
While I enjoy working with a variety of therapeutic approaches, I am primarily psychodynamic in orientation. This means that I believe that our early environment and experiences have a profound impact on our way of understanding and relating to the world. As adults, we may discover that we are unable to create the lives we want while being constrained by unhelpful beliefs, feelings, and behaviors stemming from our younger years. My work is also shaped by psychoanalytic and object relations theories, and attachment theory.
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Photo of Lauren Joy Herrera, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Lauren Joy Herrera
Counselor, LMHC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98103  (Online Only)
Let's take an integrative approach to your health. I bridge the worlds of science, spirituality, conventional medicine, natural holistic healing, and psychology to guide you into deepened growth. I offer tools to guide you into practical changes that will transform your well-being. My passion for wellness, combined with professional counseling and integrative medicine practitioner training, results in quality mental and emotional health care that is unique to you - the participant I'm serving. I am here to offer a thoughtful, loving approach to help you set goals and solve problems with compassion and kindness.
Let's take an integrative approach to your health. I bridge the worlds of science, spirituality, conventional medicine, natural holistic healing, and psychology to guide you into deepened growth. I offer tools to guide you into practical changes that will transform your well-being. My passion for wellness, combined with professional counseling and integrative medicine practitioner training, results in quality mental and emotional health care that is unique to you - the participant I'm serving. I am here to offer a thoughtful, loving approach to help you set goals and solve problems with compassion and kindness.
(206) 339-3483 View (206) 339-3483
Photo of Jillian Sky-Tucker, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Jillian Sky-Tucker
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98116  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
**My practice is 100% Telehealth**Welcome! I believe in attuning to my clients through the use of curiosity, compassion, and humor. I see therapy as a tool for reconnecting each of us with our innate strengths and clarifying our goals. In our work together we will examine messages you have received across your lifetime and decide where they fit into your personal world view now. My practice is collaborative, and informed by person-centered, evidence-based, and developmental theories. I incorporate findings from neuro-psychology, humanistic, and systems perspectives and believe your therapy should be a co-created experience.
**My practice is 100% Telehealth**Welcome! I believe in attuning to my clients through the use of curiosity, compassion, and humor. I see therapy as a tool for reconnecting each of us with our innate strengths and clarifying our goals. In our work together we will examine messages you have received across your lifetime and decide where they fit into your personal world view now. My practice is collaborative, and informed by person-centered, evidence-based, and developmental theories. I incorporate findings from neuro-psychology, humanistic, and systems perspectives and believe your therapy should be a co-created experience.
(206) 429-4169 x932 View (206) 429-4169 x932
Photo of Kim Kuresman, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Seattle, WA
Kim Kuresman
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LMFTA, ATR-P
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98104
I believe everyone has the ability to grow and heal when they have access to the support that they need. My intention is to facilitate that safe and secure space for individuals, couples, and families.
I believe everyone has the ability to grow and heal when they have access to the support that they need. My intention is to facilitate that safe and secure space for individuals, couples, and families.
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Photo of Jody Friedman LCSW, Certified Psychoanalyst, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Seattle, WA
Jody Friedman LCSW, Certified Psychoanalyst
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98105  (Online Only)
My specialties are helping you heal depression, anxiety, trauma, self-doubt & relationship issues. I realize it's difficult to find a good therapist & to expose yourself to someone new but perhaps you've now decided to take this step towards healing. I have been in private practice for 38 years. I am dedicated to provide you with compassionate, skilled, enlightened psychotherapy and guidance tailored to your sensitivities & needs. I will help you understand the reasons beneath your fears, discover your innate strengths, self-compassion & develop the empowerment that helps you lead a life filled with joy, energy & love.
My specialties are helping you heal depression, anxiety, trauma, self-doubt & relationship issues. I realize it's difficult to find a good therapist & to expose yourself to someone new but perhaps you've now decided to take this step towards healing. I have been in private practice for 38 years. I am dedicated to provide you with compassionate, skilled, enlightened psychotherapy and guidance tailored to your sensitivities & needs. I will help you understand the reasons beneath your fears, discover your innate strengths, self-compassion & develop the empowerment that helps you lead a life filled with joy, energy & love.
(646) 606-2567 View (646) 606-2567
Photo of Michelle Bloom, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Michelle Bloom
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98102  (Online Only)
Are you on the journey of becoming your true self? Do you seek to heal depression and anxiety systemically from the root cause? Do you seek to actualize your soul purpose? Do you struggle with making decisions and trusting yourself? Are you an empath, HSP, and/or creative type seeking healing? Do you hold a negative self-image? Are you having issues in your close relationships or in developing connections? Do you suffer from loneliness or social anxiety? Do you feel stuck? Do you need to heal past trauma? Are you in a dark night of the soul? Do you want to integrate your shadow and heal your attachment wounds?
Are you on the journey of becoming your true self? Do you seek to heal depression and anxiety systemically from the root cause? Do you seek to actualize your soul purpose? Do you struggle with making decisions and trusting yourself? Are you an empath, HSP, and/or creative type seeking healing? Do you hold a negative self-image? Are you having issues in your close relationships or in developing connections? Do you suffer from loneliness or social anxiety? Do you feel stuck? Do you need to heal past trauma? Are you in a dark night of the soul? Do you want to integrate your shadow and heal your attachment wounds?
(503) 966-8053 View (503) 966-8053
Photo of Kayla Helenske, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Kayla Helenske
Counselor, MA, LMHC, ATR
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98107  (Online Only)
As a mom you believe you can just do it all & once you get through the next big busy day you'll finally catch your breath. Except, those days never come. Trying to support your kid's emotional demands has you coming in last. As far as what others’ see, you’ve got it all together, you're living a happy & fulfilled life. You’re accomplished, hardworking, reliable & appear to be somehow rocking out the illusive life balance. But inside, you feel stuck, overwhelmed & like you’re just going through the motions. You never feel present in the moment & the overbearing voice in your head is quick to let you know you’ll never be good enough.
As a mom you believe you can just do it all & once you get through the next big busy day you'll finally catch your breath. Except, those days never come. Trying to support your kid's emotional demands has you coming in last. As far as what others’ see, you’ve got it all together, you're living a happy & fulfilled life. You’re accomplished, hardworking, reliable & appear to be somehow rocking out the illusive life balance. But inside, you feel stuck, overwhelmed & like you’re just going through the motions. You never feel present in the moment & the overbearing voice in your head is quick to let you know you’ll never be good enough.
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Photo of Chad Hara, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Chad Hara
Counselor, BS, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98102  (Online Only)
Life is often scary and filled with unpredictable pain. My job is to be present with you as we work through those difficult experiences together. As an identifying queer, Asian-American, cis-man I believe identity is a crucial part of understanding one’s self. This knowledge is the first step to change.
Life is often scary and filled with unpredictable pain. My job is to be present with you as we work through those difficult experiences together. As an identifying queer, Asian-American, cis-man I believe identity is a crucial part of understanding one’s self. This knowledge is the first step to change.
(425) 842-3681 View (425) 842-3681
Photo of Julea Gardener, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Seattle, WA
Julea Gardener
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98126
Not accepting new clients
Making a good connection with you, making sure you feel heard, understood, and validated: these are the foundation of a good therapeutic relationship. Having the experience of being deeply listened to helps turn down the noise, so you can hear what the Quakers call “the still small voice” within yourself. This experience is all some people need to start making progress in their lives. People who have worked with me have said, "I know myself better now" and "I'm on my side now."
Making a good connection with you, making sure you feel heard, understood, and validated: these are the foundation of a good therapeutic relationship. Having the experience of being deeply listened to helps turn down the noise, so you can hear what the Quakers call “the still small voice” within yourself. This experience is all some people need to start making progress in their lives. People who have worked with me have said, "I know myself better now" and "I'm on my side now."
(206) 278-7278 View (206) 278-7278
Photo of Victoria Baker, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Victoria Baker
Counselor, LPC, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98104  (Online Only)
Hello! I'm Victoria Baker, a dedicated and empathetic therapist who enjoys working with adolescents and adults. Witnessing transformation and growth during pivotal life stages is incredibly rewarding. My goal is to empower clients, foster healthy coping, and build skills for fulfilling lives. I create a safe, non-judgmental space where clients are heard and understood. Tailoring each session to individual needs, preferences, and goals, I view clients as experts in their lives.
Hello! I'm Victoria Baker, a dedicated and empathetic therapist who enjoys working with adolescents and adults. Witnessing transformation and growth during pivotal life stages is incredibly rewarding. My goal is to empower clients, foster healthy coping, and build skills for fulfilling lives. I create a safe, non-judgmental space where clients are heard and understood. Tailoring each session to individual needs, preferences, and goals, I view clients as experts in their lives.
(425) 400-2793 View (425) 400-2793
Photo of Carissa Singh in Seattle, WA
Carissa Singh
MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98102
I hold a deep regard and compassion for each individual and the ways they have learned to survive. I view therapy as a collaborative journey towards integration of self and expansion of the potentials already inherent in you. In line with this, I aim for our work together to be as liberatory as possible. I see you as the expert of your own story and as holding the potential for your own healing. In our time together we can work to uncover what gets in the way of your inherent ability to flourish, be it internal, relational or rooted in the social environment in which we exist.
I hold a deep regard and compassion for each individual and the ways they have learned to survive. I view therapy as a collaborative journey towards integration of self and expansion of the potentials already inherent in you. In line with this, I aim for our work together to be as liberatory as possible. I see you as the expert of your own story and as holding the potential for your own healing. In our time together we can work to uncover what gets in the way of your inherent ability to flourish, be it internal, relational or rooted in the social environment in which we exist.
(425) 414-3186 View (425) 414-3186
Photo of Laura W. Groshong, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Seattle, WA
Laura W. Groshong
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98105
Thank you for reviewing my practice information. Clients working with me have had success in getting through emotional crisis, dealing with longstanding emotional distress, as well as making changes in what helps them feel worthwhile. If you are in distress due to a loss, a conflict with others, or a conflict within, I may be able to help. My 42 years of practice have given me a broad understanding of the emotional problems that my clients face. I look forward to meeting you.
Thank you for reviewing my practice information. Clients working with me have had success in getting through emotional crisis, dealing with longstanding emotional distress, as well as making changes in what helps them feel worthwhile. If you are in distress due to a loss, a conflict with others, or a conflict within, I may be able to help. My 42 years of practice have given me a broad understanding of the emotional problems that my clients face. I look forward to meeting you.
(206) 745-0619 View (206) 745-0619
Photo of Seattle Mind & Body Therapy P.L.L.C., Marriage & Family Therapist in Seattle, WA
Seattle Mind & Body Therapy P.L.L.C.
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98103
Not accepting new clients
My therapeutic approach provides support and practical feedback in order to help clients effectively address personal life challenges. I integrate complementary methodologies and techniques to offer a highly personalized approach tailored to each client. With compassion and understanding, I work with each individual to help them build on their strengths and attain the personal growth they are committed to accomplishing. My focus in treatment is examining perceptions and judgements, exploring thoughts and feeling and advocating on behalf of your intentions for counseling.
My therapeutic approach provides support and practical feedback in order to help clients effectively address personal life challenges. I integrate complementary methodologies and techniques to offer a highly personalized approach tailored to each client. With compassion and understanding, I work with each individual to help them build on their strengths and attain the personal growth they are committed to accomplishing. My focus in treatment is examining perceptions and judgements, exploring thoughts and feeling and advocating on behalf of your intentions for counseling.
(206) 745-0989 View (206) 745-0989
Photo of Marie DeGennaro in Seattle, WA
Marie DeGennaro
MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98144  (Online Only)
I approach therapy with a person-centered, existential, and relational approach, meaning that you are the expert of your life. I am here to listen and help you live in alignment your values and strengths. You may be looking for a therapist for a variety of reasons, such as living with grief, feeling stuck, relationship conflicts, depression, stress, trauma... Whatever brings you here, I hope to help.
I approach therapy with a person-centered, existential, and relational approach, meaning that you are the expert of your life. I am here to listen and help you live in alignment your values and strengths. You may be looking for a therapist for a variety of reasons, such as living with grief, feeling stuck, relationship conflicts, depression, stress, trauma... Whatever brings you here, I hope to help.
(206) 593-3568 View (206) 593-3568
Photo of Harper Rainflower-O'Sullivan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Seattle, WA
Harper Rainflower-O'Sullivan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LISWAIC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98121  (Online Only)
I would love to work with you on the things that hold you back. Reclamation of personal power will be the basis of our work together. We will explore relational systems such as justice and culture, and the role of the self within these systems. By re-imagining yourself as a cherished and sacred part of the whole, you can heal the wounds that have drained your precious energy and afflicted you with false negative narratives. Together, we will find out what your story truly has to tell us, and rewrite it for your benefit!
I would love to work with you on the things that hold you back. Reclamation of personal power will be the basis of our work together. We will explore relational systems such as justice and culture, and the role of the self within these systems. By re-imagining yourself as a cherished and sacred part of the whole, you can heal the wounds that have drained your precious energy and afflicted you with false negative narratives. Together, we will find out what your story truly has to tell us, and rewrite it for your benefit!
(206) 309-9111 View (206) 309-9111

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Seattle, WA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Seattle, WA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
86% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
72% Trauma and PTSD
71% Stress
69% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Premera
53% Aetna
47% Regence

How Therapists in Seattle, WA see their clients

51% Online Only
49% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Seattle?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.