Therapists in Louisville, KY

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Photo of Colgan Tyler, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Colgan Tyler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40204
My treatment long specialized in work with young males, adult men and families in crisis, but has now broadened to working with all genders and stages of development. Using an eclectic approach, I give the client the support to tell their own story, help them in self-discovery and collaborate to change behaviors and thoughts within their realm of control. I believe all people need to be recognized and valued as creative, sovereign, powerful and emotional human beings. Please note: I co-own and operate a group practice, Mandala House, when you call the number in my profile, your call will be directed there. Thank you.
My treatment long specialized in work with young males, adult men and families in crisis, but has now broadened to working with all genders and stages of development. Using an eclectic approach, I give the client the support to tell their own story, help them in self-discovery and collaborate to change behaviors and thoughts within their realm of control. I believe all people need to be recognized and valued as creative, sovereign, powerful and emotional human beings. Please note: I co-own and operate a group practice, Mandala House, when you call the number in my profile, your call will be directed there. Thank you.
(502) 498-8610 View (502) 498-8610
Photo of Julie Lee, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Julie Lee
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
I'm Julie Lee, MSSW, LCSW. I love to work with individuals on finding who they are in the midst of life changes whether that be going into college or starting a family or perhaps retiring. I utilize a lot of cognitive behavioral techniques and motivational interviewing to help clients cope and grow in their current life. I work well with young adults and mother's transitioning into parenthood. I enjoy working with individuals trying to find their way when life has brought them unexpected changes or circumstance whether positive or negative.
I'm Julie Lee, MSSW, LCSW. I love to work with individuals on finding who they are in the midst of life changes whether that be going into college or starting a family or perhaps retiring. I utilize a lot of cognitive behavioral techniques and motivational interviewing to help clients cope and grow in their current life. I work well with young adults and mother's transitioning into parenthood. I enjoy working with individuals trying to find their way when life has brought them unexpected changes or circumstance whether positive or negative.
(323) 643-8569 View (323) 643-8569
Photo of Tony L Sheppard, PsyD, CGP, FAGPA, Psychologist
Tony L Sheppard
Psychologist, PsyD, CGP, FAGPA
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40223
I believe that relationships are a potential source of great happiness in life. It is through our relationships past, present and future that we define ourselves. I work with clients to build healthy and rewarding relationships.
I believe that relationships are a potential source of great happiness in life. It is through our relationships past, present and future that we define ourselves. I work with clients to build healthy and rewarding relationships.
(502) 237-8836 x502409 View (502) 237-8836 x502409
Photo of Ryan G Wetzler - Sleep Health Center, PsyD, CBSM, ABPP, DBSM, Psychologist
Sleep Health Center
Psychologist, PsyD, CBSM, ABPP, DBSM
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40207
Dr. Wetzler is the only certified behavioral sleep specialist in the state of Kentucky. He is a nationally recognized expert in cognitive-behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). CBT-I is recommended as the first-line treatment for chronic insomnia by the National Institutes of Health, American College of Physicians, and the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. At Sleep Health Center we specialize in non-drug treatment of insomnia, circadian rhythm sleep disorders, hypersomnia, and parasomnia.
Dr. Wetzler is the only certified behavioral sleep specialist in the state of Kentucky. He is a nationally recognized expert in cognitive-behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). CBT-I is recommended as the first-line treatment for chronic insomnia by the National Institutes of Health, American College of Physicians, and the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. At Sleep Health Center we specialize in non-drug treatment of insomnia, circadian rhythm sleep disorders, hypersomnia, and parasomnia.
(502) 316-6398 View (502) 316-6398
Photo of Melissa D Smith - Life In Motion, MSC , LMFT, EMDR, CFRC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Life In Motion
Marriage & Family Therapist, MSC , LMFT, EMDR, CFRC
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40258
I believe you were meant to live your best, most amazing life NOW! We all develop habits & behaviors that serve a purpose in the moment but can become unhealthy for us. Our team wants to help you change things in your life, your marriage or your family that no longer work for you so you can live your life in true happiness & joy. We can help you deal with past hurts. We will assist you in setting personal goals & then help you achieve those goals. We can give you the tools & skills to help you take your life back. All staff are certified to provide online counseling & We have several staff Certified First Responder Counselors.
I believe you were meant to live your best, most amazing life NOW! We all develop habits & behaviors that serve a purpose in the moment but can become unhealthy for us. Our team wants to help you change things in your life, your marriage or your family that no longer work for you so you can live your life in true happiness & joy. We can help you deal with past hurts. We will assist you in setting personal goals & then help you achieve those goals. We can give you the tools & skills to help you take your life back. All staff are certified to provide online counseling & We have several staff Certified First Responder Counselors.
(502) 444-5433 View (502) 444-5433
Photo of Julie Smith, LPCC
Julie Smith
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello my name is Julie Smith, I am a licensed professional clinical counselor with over a decade of experience in mental health. I believe everyone deserves a safe, comfortable space to express themselves and face their challenges without feeling alone. I offer supportive, encouraging guidance, listening to your needs and helping you navigate obstacles.
Hello my name is Julie Smith, I am a licensed professional clinical counselor with over a decade of experience in mental health. I believe everyone deserves a safe, comfortable space to express themselves and face their challenges without feeling alone. I offer supportive, encouraging guidance, listening to your needs and helping you navigate obstacles.
(859) 657-8784 View (859) 657-8784
Photo of Sharon Kathleen Whitmer, KYLPC, EdD, MEd, Pastoral Counselor
Sharon Kathleen Whitmer
Pastoral Counselor, KYLPC, EdD, MEd
Verified Verified
Online Only
While I am trained in counseling theories and techniques, I believe using the Bible as a guide to explore the emotions that often paralyze our daily lives and relationships is fundamental to reaching healing and growth. I have earned a Doctor of Education, Master of Education, Post-Master in Marriage & Family Therapy, and a Kentucky License in Pastoral Counseling.
While I am trained in counseling theories and techniques, I believe using the Bible as a guide to explore the emotions that often paralyze our daily lives and relationships is fundamental to reaching healing and growth. I have earned a Doctor of Education, Master of Education, Post-Master in Marriage & Family Therapy, and a Kentucky License in Pastoral Counseling.
(502) 215-3555 View (502) 215-3555
Photo of Jill Willoughby, MSW, CSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jill Willoughby
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, CSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
In the brevity of life, enduring emotional anguish and feeling disconnected from ourselves seems like an unnecessary burden. Recognizing the challenge of vulnerability, I am committed to providing my clients with empathy, dignity, warmth, and understanding, devoid of judgment or reproach. Allow me to accompany you on your journey towards healing by creating a secure and supportive environment where we can collaborate at your pace, exploring past wounds and finding meaning in life. ​
In the brevity of life, enduring emotional anguish and feeling disconnected from ourselves seems like an unnecessary burden. Recognizing the challenge of vulnerability, I am committed to providing my clients with empathy, dignity, warmth, and understanding, devoid of judgment or reproach. Allow me to accompany you on your journey towards healing by creating a secure and supportive environment where we can collaborate at your pace, exploring past wounds and finding meaning in life. ​
(502) 503-4891 View (502) 503-4891
Photo of David Smith, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
David Smith
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hi, my name is Dr. Dave Smith, and I am a licensed Marriage & Family Therapist. I entered my profession with a desire to help individuals and families overcome the struggles they face. I specialize in Clinical Mental Health, Addiction & Recovery, Couples and Marriage & Family Therapy. I work with a wide range of clients and demographic groups. I treat anxiety, depression, OCD, mood disorders, ADHD, personality disorder, autism spectrum, addiction, and sexual dysfunction. I use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Strategic Therapy and Intergenerational Family Therapy
Hi, my name is Dr. Dave Smith, and I am a licensed Marriage & Family Therapist. I entered my profession with a desire to help individuals and families overcome the struggles they face. I specialize in Clinical Mental Health, Addiction & Recovery, Couples and Marriage & Family Therapy. I work with a wide range of clients and demographic groups. I treat anxiety, depression, OCD, mood disorders, ADHD, personality disorder, autism spectrum, addiction, and sexual dysfunction. I use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Strategic Therapy and Intergenerational Family Therapy
(323) 643-8569 View (323) 643-8569
Photo of Mina Thevenin - Mina Thevenin, LCSW, PLLC, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mina Thevenin, LCSW, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40242
Thank you for allowing me the opportunity to join you on your path in this moment. We are all here such a short time...you are purpose, already, you know. And somewhere within, you know this truth. Our roles day in/day out r merely opportunities to be who we truly are IN the right now.
Thank you for allowing me the opportunity to join you on your path in this moment. We are all here such a short time...you are purpose, already, you know. And somewhere within, you know this truth. Our roles day in/day out r merely opportunities to be who we truly are IN the right now.
(502) 233-2365 View (502) 233-2365
Photo of Katie H Smith, PsyD, Psychologist
Katie H Smith
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40207
Dr. Smith focuses her practice on treating a number of clinical issues including: anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety, social anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and specific phobias), depression, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and traumatic events including abuse and domestic violence. Dr. Smith works with children who are having difficulty adjusting to life stressors including divorce, school environments, and peer relationship development. She assists children and teens in developing effective coping skills to manage their emotions and behaviors.
Dr. Smith focuses her practice on treating a number of clinical issues including: anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety, social anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and specific phobias), depression, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and traumatic events including abuse and domestic violence. Dr. Smith works with children who are having difficulty adjusting to life stressors including divorce, school environments, and peer relationship development. She assists children and teens in developing effective coping skills to manage their emotions and behaviors.
(502) 653-8312 View (502) 653-8312
Photo of Chante' Moore, MEd, LPCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Chante' Moore
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPCC
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40207
Chante’ Moore, LPCC, is committed to providing a safe and supportive space for clients across Kentucky to process their emotions and behaviors. By empowering her clients to recognize their strengths and values, Chante’ helps them develop the tools needed to manage their situations and foster self-compassion. Her person-centered approach ensures that each session is tailored to the individual, allowing for personalized growth and healing. Chante’ is particularly passionate about working with adults facing anxiety, depression, and significant life transitions.
Chante’ Moore, LPCC, is committed to providing a safe and supportive space for clients across Kentucky to process their emotions and behaviors. By empowering her clients to recognize their strengths and values, Chante’ helps them develop the tools needed to manage their situations and foster self-compassion. Her person-centered approach ensures that each session is tailored to the individual, allowing for personalized growth and healing. Chante’ is particularly passionate about working with adults facing anxiety, depression, and significant life transitions.
(877) 830-0740 View (877) 830-0740
Photo of Amanda Voils-Levenda, PhD, Psychologist
Amanda Voils-Levenda
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40205
The foundation of my counseling approach is in a compassionate and understanding therapeutic relationship. Furthermore, I integrate the art and science of psychological treatment, and tailor treatment specifically to you. I consider your needs, strengths, and values, and collaborate with you so that you may reach your goals. My strength-based approach incorporates elements from cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, experiential, and mindfulness perspectives. Much of my training has been within college aged populations, but I enjoy working with individuals of all ages. Video sessions are available.
The foundation of my counseling approach is in a compassionate and understanding therapeutic relationship. Furthermore, I integrate the art and science of psychological treatment, and tailor treatment specifically to you. I consider your needs, strengths, and values, and collaborate with you so that you may reach your goals. My strength-based approach incorporates elements from cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, experiential, and mindfulness perspectives. Much of my training has been within college aged populations, but I enjoy working with individuals of all ages. Video sessions are available.
(502) 289-9106 View (502) 289-9106
Photo of Sara Reed - Sara Reed- Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sara Reed- Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40207
Finding the right therapist can be a time consuming and costly process. Many people have tried medication management or traditional talk therapy- yet nothing has worked. The question isn't why treatment hasn't worked, but what is stopping or preventing the healing process? What's getting in the way of the natural healing response? If you've been seeking a new way to help manage your symptoms, psychedelic-assisted therapy may be a fit for you. To heal, one needs to be in a healing state, not in an activated stress state. Just because therapy hasn't worked in the past doesn't mean it can't work for you now. Don't give up just yet
Finding the right therapist can be a time consuming and costly process. Many people have tried medication management or traditional talk therapy- yet nothing has worked. The question isn't why treatment hasn't worked, but what is stopping or preventing the healing process? What's getting in the way of the natural healing response? If you've been seeking a new way to help manage your symptoms, psychedelic-assisted therapy may be a fit for you. To heal, one needs to be in a healing state, not in an activated stress state. Just because therapy hasn't worked in the past doesn't mean it can't work for you now. Don't give up just yet
(502) 785-9540 View (502) 785-9540
Photo of Sara Schuhmann, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sara Schuhmann
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40207
Not accepting new clients
Reaching out for help can be one of the hardest parts of the therapeutic journey, but it is also the step to healing. I enjoy working with teens, adults, couples, and families, who are needing a space to process their thoughts and emotions. I think about issues systemically and how our family dynamics relate to how we think, feel, and behave. I encourage my clients to discuss their challenges, while using a collaborative, experiential, and strength-based approach. My goal is to provide people with the tools and resources to implement healthy changes in their lives.
Reaching out for help can be one of the hardest parts of the therapeutic journey, but it is also the step to healing. I enjoy working with teens, adults, couples, and families, who are needing a space to process their thoughts and emotions. I think about issues systemically and how our family dynamics relate to how we think, feel, and behave. I encourage my clients to discuss their challenges, while using a collaborative, experiential, and strength-based approach. My goal is to provide people with the tools and resources to implement healthy changes in their lives.
(502) 706-4129 View (502) 706-4129
Photo of Jessica Kutz Flores, MA, LPAT, Art Therapist
Jessica Kutz Flores
Art Therapist, MA, LPAT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40207
Is life feeling like too much to handle? Are you struggling with your own emotions or in your relationships? As human beings in a fast-paced modern society, we all face daily challenges and stressors. Some of us can navigate these issues on our own and others require a bit of professional support. I encourage clients to view therapy as a journey we embark on together. I have experience working with clients of all ages, and I welcome anyone who is looking to explore ways to improve their quality of life, whether it is due to life transitions, relationship conflicts, past trauma, or managing emotional challenges.
Is life feeling like too much to handle? Are you struggling with your own emotions or in your relationships? As human beings in a fast-paced modern society, we all face daily challenges and stressors. Some of us can navigate these issues on our own and others require a bit of professional support. I encourage clients to view therapy as a journey we embark on together. I have experience working with clients of all ages, and I welcome anyone who is looking to explore ways to improve their quality of life, whether it is due to life transitions, relationship conflicts, past trauma, or managing emotional challenges.
(502) 215-3467 View (502) 215-3467
Photo of Jennifer Komis Phelps, LMFT, MDiv, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jennifer Komis Phelps
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MDiv
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40245
Do you feel sad, worried, or unsatisfied and not sure why? Does your body feel tired or stressed? Do you feel like, at some point, your life, career, or relationship went off the rails and you need to pause and consider your next steps? All of us face thoughts and transitions like this; you are not alone. I'm here to help you manage these moments, helping you find direction, make decisions, and feel mental, physical and spiritual peace again.
Do you feel sad, worried, or unsatisfied and not sure why? Does your body feel tired or stressed? Do you feel like, at some point, your life, career, or relationship went off the rails and you need to pause and consider your next steps? All of us face thoughts and transitions like this; you are not alone. I'm here to help you manage these moments, helping you find direction, make decisions, and feel mental, physical and spiritual peace again.
(502) 289-6393 View (502) 289-6393
Photo of Megan Meyerhoffer - Woven Nest Counseling & Coaching, LLC, LCSW, RPT-S, LPAT, LPATA, LPCA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Woven Nest Counseling & Coaching, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, RPT-S, LPAT, LPATA, LPCA
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40205
At Woven Nest Counseling and Coaching, our team of clinicians dedicated to interweaving connection and felt-safety into the obstacles of being human. Serving Greater Louisville and Southern Indiana, we offer counseling, coaching, therapy, and community education to help individuals navigate the intricate webs of their experiences, emotions, and relationships. We welcome people from across the lifespan, from ages 4 to 80, providing support through art therapy, play therapy, EMDR, Brainspotting, sand tray therapy, somatic techniques and other whole-brain trauma-informed therapies.
At Woven Nest Counseling and Coaching, our team of clinicians dedicated to interweaving connection and felt-safety into the obstacles of being human. Serving Greater Louisville and Southern Indiana, we offer counseling, coaching, therapy, and community education to help individuals navigate the intricate webs of their experiences, emotions, and relationships. We welcome people from across the lifespan, from ages 4 to 80, providing support through art therapy, play therapy, EMDR, Brainspotting, sand tray therapy, somatic techniques and other whole-brain trauma-informed therapies.
(502) 237-5553 View (502) 237-5553
Photo of Erin E Bowling, MEd, LPCC, Counselor
Erin E Bowling
Counselor, MEd, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40222
Hi, I’m Erin. I help people navigate change with psychotherapy and modalities including CBT, mindfulness, and EMDR. Together we work through intense feelings and events that cause immense pain or stress. This could look like loss, relationships, family changes, becoming a parent, careers, chaos and transitions, or inability to identify any one thing. You might describe yourself as feeling overwhelmed, hopeless, and just “stuck,” not able to live life with purpose and happiness. Maybe you have tried everything to make changes and nothing seems to be working.
Hi, I’m Erin. I help people navigate change with psychotherapy and modalities including CBT, mindfulness, and EMDR. Together we work through intense feelings and events that cause immense pain or stress. This could look like loss, relationships, family changes, becoming a parent, careers, chaos and transitions, or inability to identify any one thing. You might describe yourself as feeling overwhelmed, hopeless, and just “stuck,” not able to live life with purpose and happiness. Maybe you have tried everything to make changes and nothing seems to be working.
(502) 233-4456 View (502) 233-4456
Photo of Abbie Gibitz, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Abbie Gibitz
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Online Only
Women who are pregnant, newly postpartum, or mothers of any age are my ideal client. Issues may include postpartum depression, life changes, child-rearing, marital changes, etc. Goals may include smooth adjustment to changes, processing and healing from traumatic birth stories, and a smooth and joyous transition into motherhood. My years of work as a doula and childbirth educator as well as a mother of five children make me the ideal counselor for mothers who want to thrive not just survive.
Women who are pregnant, newly postpartum, or mothers of any age are my ideal client. Issues may include postpartum depression, life changes, child-rearing, marital changes, etc. Goals may include smooth adjustment to changes, processing and healing from traumatic birth stories, and a smooth and joyous transition into motherhood. My years of work as a doula and childbirth educator as well as a mother of five children make me the ideal counselor for mothers who want to thrive not just survive.
(502) 747-1795 View (502) 747-1795
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Louisville, KY

1,000+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in Louisville, KY who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
85% Depression
69% Trauma and PTSD
68% Coping Skills
66% Self Esteem
58% Grief
57% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% Aetna
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
64% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Louisville, KY see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Louisville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.