Therapists in Topeka, KS

Photo of Liz Munns, Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, SEP
Liz Munns
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, SEP
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66614
I'm a somatic therapist who accompanies people healing from anxiety, trauma, and chronic pain. My work is rooted in a deep respect for the body’s innate wisdom and the quiet, sacred process of coming home to oneself. My approach offers a warm, attuned presence, inviting slowness, curiosity, and compassion as pathways to restoring safety and wholeness. I support healing that unfolds gradually, guided by the wisdom of the nervous system and the quiet intelligence of the living body.
I'm a somatic therapist who accompanies people healing from anxiety, trauma, and chronic pain. My work is rooted in a deep respect for the body’s innate wisdom and the quiet, sacred process of coming home to oneself. My approach offers a warm, attuned presence, inviting slowness, curiosity, and compassion as pathways to restoring safety and wholeness. I support healing that unfolds gradually, guided by the wisdom of the nervous system and the quiet intelligence of the living body.
(785) 269-0504 View (785) 269-0504
Photo of Elizabeth Van Vleck, Counselor, LCPC
Elizabeth Van Vleck
Counselor, LCPC
2 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66608
You're doing your best to keep it all together—parenting, work, relationships—but inside, it feels like you're barely holding on. Maybe you're overthinking everything, shutting down emotionally, or reacting in ways that don’t feel like you. You can’t remember the last time you felt calm. I work with people who look like they’re “functioning” on the outside but feel overwhelmed, anxious, or stuck inside. I believe therapy doesn’t have to be intimidating—it’s a space to tune out the noise, feel supported, & start making sense of things. Sometimes, we just need someone to help untangle the mess and walk through it with us.
You're doing your best to keep it all together—parenting, work, relationships—but inside, it feels like you're barely holding on. Maybe you're overthinking everything, shutting down emotionally, or reacting in ways that don’t feel like you. You can’t remember the last time you felt calm. I work with people who look like they’re “functioning” on the outside but feel overwhelmed, anxious, or stuck inside. I believe therapy doesn’t have to be intimidating—it’s a space to tune out the noise, feel supported, & start making sense of things. Sometimes, we just need someone to help untangle the mess and walk through it with us.
(785) 264-4159 View (785) 264-4159
Photo of Isabelle Bauguess, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Isabelle Bauguess
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66604
My approach to therapy is eclectic, collaborative, and tailored to your unique presentation, preferences, and needs. What I offer goes beyond typical talk therapy; it is an invitation to step into new ways of being inside and outside of our sessions with the guidance and support needed to achieve truly transformational change.
My approach to therapy is eclectic, collaborative, and tailored to your unique presentation, preferences, and needs. What I offer goes beyond typical talk therapy; it is an invitation to step into new ways of being inside and outside of our sessions with the guidance and support needed to achieve truly transformational change.
(785) 429-4682 View (785) 429-4682
Photo of Micaela Wildermuth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Micaela Wildermuth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Topeka, KS 66614
I believe meaningful change emerges through connection, presence, and compassion. Life’s challenges can become opportunities for growth, healing, and alignment with one’s values. As a clinician, I am committed to walking alongside you with care and respect as you navigate this process. I am a Licensed Master Social Worker in the state of Kansas. I work primarily with young adults, adolescents, women adjusting to motherhood, and individuals navigating complex family dynamics. My approach is strengths-based and integrative, drawing from Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT & Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT).
I believe meaningful change emerges through connection, presence, and compassion. Life’s challenges can become opportunities for growth, healing, and alignment with one’s values. As a clinician, I am committed to walking alongside you with care and respect as you navigate this process. I am a Licensed Master Social Worker in the state of Kansas. I work primarily with young adults, adolescents, women adjusting to motherhood, and individuals navigating complex family dynamics. My approach is strengths-based and integrative, drawing from Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT & Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT).
(785) 390-9744 View (785) 390-9744
Photo of Krystal Kershaw, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Krystal Kershaw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Topeka, KS 66604
Licensed in Florida and Kansas. I have immediate openings. I am an autistic, gender-affirming, trauma-informed therapist based in Topeka. I am self-diagnosed and bring both professional training and lived experience to my work—I understand the struggle firsthand. Over the past several years, I have worked with individuals from a wide range of backgrounds, identities, strengths, and goals. My approach is client-centered and relationship-focused, prioritizing meeting clients where they are and creating a space that is non-judgmental, compassionate, and supportive. As a bonus, I share my office with a very cute therapy dog who
Licensed in Florida and Kansas. I have immediate openings. I am an autistic, gender-affirming, trauma-informed therapist based in Topeka. I am self-diagnosed and bring both professional training and lived experience to my work—I understand the struggle firsthand. Over the past several years, I have worked with individuals from a wide range of backgrounds, identities, strengths, and goals. My approach is client-centered and relationship-focused, prioritizing meeting clients where they are and creating a space that is non-judgmental, compassionate, and supportive. As a bonus, I share my office with a very cute therapy dog who
(785) 453-7312 View (785) 453-7312
Photo of Meghan West, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW, MBA
Meghan West
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW, MBA
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Meghan is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who believes that to have a successful outcome in therapy, the client and therapist must first build a strong rapport. Once that foundation is laid, Meghan will use one of several therapeutic modalities, depending on the issue at hand. These modalities may include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Client-Centered Therapy, Mindfulness-Based Therapy, and General Psychotherapy. Many people benefit from the use of different modalities. Meghan is known for being a good listener, caring, sensitive, and enthusiastic.
Meghan is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who believes that to have a successful outcome in therapy, the client and therapist must first build a strong rapport. Once that foundation is laid, Meghan will use one of several therapeutic modalities, depending on the issue at hand. These modalities may include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Client-Centered Therapy, Mindfulness-Based Therapy, and General Psychotherapy. Many people benefit from the use of different modalities. Meghan is known for being a good listener, caring, sensitive, and enthusiastic.
(785) 322-9229 View (785) 322-9229
Photo of Annette Bartel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Annette Bartel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Respect, trust, and collaboration to find solutions that really work. I believe the best treatment is a collaborative effort between you and your therapist. Sometimes people develop patterns of relating to others that are not conducive to experiencing happiness in their day to day life. As I get information about your specific struggles, we'll develop a plan together to address changes in behaviors to successfully negotiate the changes you want to make.
Respect, trust, and collaboration to find solutions that really work. I believe the best treatment is a collaborative effort between you and your therapist. Sometimes people develop patterns of relating to others that are not conducive to experiencing happiness in their day to day life. As I get information about your specific struggles, we'll develop a plan together to address changes in behaviors to successfully negotiate the changes you want to make.
(785) 527-9436 View (785) 527-9436
Photo of Claire Cox, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Claire Cox
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Topeka, KS 66612
Whether you're an individual, couple, or family in need of support, I am here to come alongside to build, strengthen, and tackle each stressor with confidence. Your relationships are important and cultivating and strengthening your relationships creates a healthier you! We have relationships with family and friends, spouses and children; or relationships with exercise, food, religion, your career, your diagnoses, and especially your relationship with yourself - these things make you YOU and you matter! Let's get to work to create happier, healthier, and more fulfilling relationships, however they come. ​
Whether you're an individual, couple, or family in need of support, I am here to come alongside to build, strengthen, and tackle each stressor with confidence. Your relationships are important and cultivating and strengthening your relationships creates a healthier you! We have relationships with family and friends, spouses and children; or relationships with exercise, food, religion, your career, your diagnoses, and especially your relationship with yourself - these things make you YOU and you matter! Let's get to work to create happier, healthier, and more fulfilling relationships, however they come. ​
(785) 590-7590 View (785) 590-7590
Photo of Daniel Martin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LMAC-t
Daniel Martin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LMAC-t
Topeka, KS 66612
As the founder of E.P.I.C. LLC, I am deeply committed to empowering individuals in their communities at pivotal moments. My passion lies in assisting those at a crossroads, ready to embark on a transformative journey toward self-discovery, resilience, and fulfillment. Utilizing an Eclectic therapy approach, I blend techniques from various therapeutic methods to fit your needs. This creates a safe space to explore, understand, and grow. My expertise equips me to guide you toward not just surviving but thriving in a life that's authentically yours. Let's connect if you seek a partner to navigate your path to a joyful, meaningful life.
As the founder of E.P.I.C. LLC, I am deeply committed to empowering individuals in their communities at pivotal moments. My passion lies in assisting those at a crossroads, ready to embark on a transformative journey toward self-discovery, resilience, and fulfillment. Utilizing an Eclectic therapy approach, I blend techniques from various therapeutic methods to fit your needs. This creates a safe space to explore, understand, and grow. My expertise equips me to guide you toward not just surviving but thriving in a life that's authentically yours. Let's connect if you seek a partner to navigate your path to a joyful, meaningful life.
(785) 508-1117 View (785) 508-1117
Photo of Katie McDonald, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW-T
Katie McDonald
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW-T
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Individuals, adolescents, and first responders navigating trauma, chronic stress, emotional overwhelm, relationship difficulties, or patterns rooted in complex life experiences. Many clients feel stuck in survival mode, disconnected, or exhausted from coping alone. I provide trauma-responsive, neuro-informed care that helps clients understand their nervous system responses, build practical coping skills, strengthen relationships, and move toward lasting emotional balance and meaningful change.
Individuals, adolescents, and first responders navigating trauma, chronic stress, emotional overwhelm, relationship difficulties, or patterns rooted in complex life experiences. Many clients feel stuck in survival mode, disconnected, or exhausted from coping alone. I provide trauma-responsive, neuro-informed care that helps clients understand their nervous system responses, build practical coping skills, strengthen relationships, and move toward lasting emotional balance and meaningful change.
(785) 975-7414 View (785) 975-7414
Photo of Morgan Thorn Grey, Counselor, LCPC, ExAT, IQM
Morgan Thorn Grey
Counselor, LCPC, ExAT, IQM
Topeka, KS 66603
The tension in your chest is there, again! You can hardly catch your breath. So much to do! Your mind is racing and you feel like you can't hold it together. Even the smallest things are annoying and irritating. You just yelled at your son, and now feel terrible about it. You missed another deadline at work because you’re so distracted. Confidence is at an all-time low. “I can’t do anything right,” you tell yourself. You know something needs to change, but you’re paralyzed by anxiety. Overthinking every choice until you can’t take any action. It’s gotten to the point where you just want to stay in bed, avoid everyone, and give up.
The tension in your chest is there, again! You can hardly catch your breath. So much to do! Your mind is racing and you feel like you can't hold it together. Even the smallest things are annoying and irritating. You just yelled at your son, and now feel terrible about it. You missed another deadline at work because you’re so distracted. Confidence is at an all-time low. “I can’t do anything right,” you tell yourself. You know something needs to change, but you’re paralyzed by anxiety. Overthinking every choice until you can’t take any action. It’s gotten to the point where you just want to stay in bed, avoid everyone, and give up.
(785) 261-9068 View (785) 261-9068
Photo of Jessica Poell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Jessica Poell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66611
Elizabeth Kubler Ross said, “The most beautiful people we have known are those who have known defeat, known suffering, known struggle, known loss, and have found their way out of those depths.” While you may not have chosen the difficulties & struggles you’ve faced,& it may feel that there is no way through, I believe you have the strength & ability to overcome all obstacles in your path. It may seem impossible or overwhelming, & the peace & calm you so desperately desire might appear unattainable, I believe you already have all the tools necessary to become that beautiful person you envision for yourself & I would like to help you.
Elizabeth Kubler Ross said, “The most beautiful people we have known are those who have known defeat, known suffering, known struggle, known loss, and have found their way out of those depths.” While you may not have chosen the difficulties & struggles you’ve faced,& it may feel that there is no way through, I believe you have the strength & ability to overcome all obstacles in your path. It may seem impossible or overwhelming, & the peace & calm you so desperately desire might appear unattainable, I believe you already have all the tools necessary to become that beautiful person you envision for yourself & I would like to help you.
(785) 465-2961 View (785) 465-2961
Photo of Phelica A Glass, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW, GCCA-C, FAAGC, CSOTP, SPARC
Phelica A Glass
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW, GCCA-C, FAAGC, CSOTP, SPARC
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66604
Meeting the needs of individuals by empowering their voice, strengthening their individuality while joining them in their personal journey. If you have found yourself searching for your inner voice, seeking a better you, or identifying your place in life... I'm available to partner with you. If your children are in need of a motivator or an encourager who will be available to them, who will advocate for them or who will help them set limits in their behavior...I am available to them.
Meeting the needs of individuals by empowering their voice, strengthening their individuality while joining them in their personal journey. If you have found yourself searching for your inner voice, seeking a better you, or identifying your place in life... I'm available to partner with you. If your children are in need of a motivator or an encourager who will be available to them, who will advocate for them or who will help them set limits in their behavior...I am available to them.
(785) 845-1213 View (785) 845-1213
Photo of Jocelyn R Elliott, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Jocelyn R Elliott
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Online Only
I provide clients from all walks of life a safe place to explore their difficulties and process challenges to promote positive changes within self as well as with others in their lives.
I provide clients from all walks of life a safe place to explore their difficulties and process challenges to promote positive changes within self as well as with others in their lives.
(785) 453-3507 View (785) 453-3507
Photo of Laurynn Lake, LMSW
Laurynn Lake
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66614
It's time to put yourself first, reaching out for help is often the hardest part of the therapeutic process. As a Therapist I believe in the importance of providing Clients with a supportive and safe environment where they feel comfortable to explore and understand the thoughts and feelings that may arise when dealing with life challenges. You may be handling these difficulties in ways that are not satisfying or that impact your relationships. Whether you are a parent struggling with your child’s behaviors, a young adult starting with new changes in life, or a survivor of trauma looking for a safe place to heal, I am here to help.
It's time to put yourself first, reaching out for help is often the hardest part of the therapeutic process. As a Therapist I believe in the importance of providing Clients with a supportive and safe environment where they feel comfortable to explore and understand the thoughts and feelings that may arise when dealing with life challenges. You may be handling these difficulties in ways that are not satisfying or that impact your relationships. Whether you are a parent struggling with your child’s behaviors, a young adult starting with new changes in life, or a survivor of trauma looking for a safe place to heal, I am here to help.
(785) 264-6349 View (785) 264-6349
Photo of Pamela Allen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
Pamela Allen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66604
People can benefit from taking the time to reflect and think about their lives in the presence of a neutral therapist. When people encounter a crisis or a difficult situation, it provides an opportunity for the development of self. Change is possible. Therapy provides an avenue to identify and interrupt old ways of thinking, feeling and behaving that are keeping one stuck. It provides an opportunity to "think/reflect" on one's life vs. automatically responding to life's stresses. In this process, a person is often able to see things in a new light and identify new options for dealing with old problems.
People can benefit from taking the time to reflect and think about their lives in the presence of a neutral therapist. When people encounter a crisis or a difficult situation, it provides an opportunity for the development of self. Change is possible. Therapy provides an avenue to identify and interrupt old ways of thinking, feeling and behaving that are keeping one stuck. It provides an opportunity to "think/reflect" on one's life vs. automatically responding to life's stresses. In this process, a person is often able to see things in a new light and identify new options for dealing with old problems.
(785) 260-6702 View (785) 260-6702
Photo of Wendy Lee Albrecht, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Wendy Lee Albrecht
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66614
Something feels off. Maybe it's been off for a while. Racing thoughts at 2:00 am. The chest-tight feeling before meetings. Running on empty for so long you've forgotten what full feels like. A past that keeps interrupting the present. Patterns that started long before this relationship — and keep showing up anyway. You don't have to have it figured out before you reach out. You just have to be tired enough of carrying it alone.
Something feels off. Maybe it's been off for a while. Racing thoughts at 2:00 am. The chest-tight feeling before meetings. Running on empty for so long you've forgotten what full feels like. A past that keeps interrupting the present. Patterns that started long before this relationship — and keep showing up anyway. You don't have to have it figured out before you reach out. You just have to be tired enough of carrying it alone.
(785) 347-6415 View (785) 347-6415
Photo of John Fleeker, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
John Fleeker
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
I am a licensed clinical marriage and family therapist (LMFT, LCAC) with 30 years of experience working with individuals, couples, families, and groups navigating mental health concerns, addiction, family dysfunction, blended family dynamics, trauma, and life transitions. I also support children, adolescents, and adults facing men’s issues and major life adjustments.
I am a licensed clinical marriage and family therapist (LMFT, LCAC) with 30 years of experience working with individuals, couples, families, and groups navigating mental health concerns, addiction, family dysfunction, blended family dynamics, trauma, and life transitions. I also support children, adolescents, and adults facing men’s issues and major life adjustments.
(785) 504-3474 View (785) 504-3474
Photo of Ryan Kemp-Pappan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW, LCAC, MDiv
Ryan Kemp-Pappan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW, LCAC, MDiv
1 Endorsed
Topeka, KS 66603
I am a middle-aged, punk rock contemplative with the ability to connect with just about anyone. If you are looking for a therapist that provides honesty, a kind ear, and an inexhaustible belief in the human spirit's ability to grow and change, then I may just be the therapist you have been looking for. I believe that all of us are able to awaken our truest and healthiest self. I believe that the path towards our truest and healthiest self is diverse and fluid. I believe that life is an opportunity to learn, grow, connect, and suffer well as we venture towards our truest and healthiest self.
I am a middle-aged, punk rock contemplative with the ability to connect with just about anyone. If you are looking for a therapist that provides honesty, a kind ear, and an inexhaustible belief in the human spirit's ability to grow and change, then I may just be the therapist you have been looking for. I believe that all of us are able to awaken our truest and healthiest self. I believe that the path towards our truest and healthiest self is diverse and fluid. I believe that life is an opportunity to learn, grow, connect, and suffer well as we venture towards our truest and healthiest self.
(785) 580-6907 View (785) 580-6907
Photo of Brigid Suzanne Dunn, Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Brigid Suzanne Dunn
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Topeka, KS 66611
I practice from a holistic framework that sees you as a whole human being with a unique story. There is a deep connection between mind, body, and spirit. I believe healing happens when we look at the whole person, not just symptoms. Emotional struggles are intertwined with physical stress, relational patterns, life experiences, and beliefs about ourselves. I integrate evidence-based practices with mindfulness, nervous system regulation, and self-awareness tools to support lasting change. It is an honor to walk alongside you as you rediscover your inherent value and move forward in life with clarity, courage, purpose, and love.
I practice from a holistic framework that sees you as a whole human being with a unique story. There is a deep connection between mind, body, and spirit. I believe healing happens when we look at the whole person, not just symptoms. Emotional struggles are intertwined with physical stress, relational patterns, life experiences, and beliefs about ourselves. I integrate evidence-based practices with mindfulness, nervous system regulation, and self-awareness tools to support lasting change. It is an honor to walk alongside you as you rediscover your inherent value and move forward in life with clarity, courage, purpose, and love.
(785) 566-1250 View (785) 566-1250

See more therapy options for Topeka

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Topeka, KS

200+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Topeka, KS who prioritize treating:

90% Depression
90% Anxiety
90% Social Anxiety
90% Health Anxiety
90% Driving Anxiety
77% Stress
74% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
61% Aetna
47% Medicaid

How Therapists in Topeka, KS see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

73% Female
26% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Topeka?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.