Therapists in Tucson, AZ

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Photo of Erin Wilson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Erin Wilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
You might not feel happy about your transition to motherhood, and it might not feel natural. You might not recognize the sadness or anger you are feeling, and all you want more than anything, is to feel connected to your baby. You want to feel better about this new time of your life, enjoy your child, and feel more confident in yourself. I specialize in helping women through this vulnerable motherhood journey.
You might not feel happy about your transition to motherhood, and it might not feel natural. You might not recognize the sadness or anger you are feeling, and all you want more than anything, is to feel connected to your baby. You want to feel better about this new time of your life, enjoy your child, and feel more confident in yourself. I specialize in helping women through this vulnerable motherhood journey.
(520) 839-0286 View (520) 839-0286
Photo of Phillip Pasena, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Phillip Pasena
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85747
Welcome. Are you tired of feeling like anxiety or depression has become a way of life? Do you feel out of control or helpless sometimes? Do thoughts of the future bring up fear and worry that you won’t be able to complete life challenges? Are your past experiences affecting you now? Are your symptoms affecting your ability to connect with others, resulting in isolation and loneliness?
Welcome. Are you tired of feeling like anxiety or depression has become a way of life? Do you feel out of control or helpless sometimes? Do thoughts of the future bring up fear and worry that you won’t be able to complete life challenges? Are your past experiences affecting you now? Are your symptoms affecting your ability to connect with others, resulting in isolation and loneliness?
(520) 276-9032 View (520) 276-9032
Zamora Counseling
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85745
Am I the right therapist for You? While you are here researching the best therapist for you, please consider the following five benefits of my practice: 1. Counseling for a wide range of issues such as: Depression, Anxiety, Marriage, Divorce, Parenting, Relationships. 2. Individual, Couples, and Teen/Adolescent Therapy. 3. 14 Years Experience in Tucson, AZ. 4. Bilingual: I am fluent in English and Spanish 5. Convenient Location: My practice is just minutes from I-10/Downtown Tucson.
Am I the right therapist for You? While you are here researching the best therapist for you, please consider the following five benefits of my practice: 1. Counseling for a wide range of issues such as: Depression, Anxiety, Marriage, Divorce, Parenting, Relationships. 2. Individual, Couples, and Teen/Adolescent Therapy. 3. 14 Years Experience in Tucson, AZ. 4. Bilingual: I am fluent in English and Spanish 5. Convenient Location: My practice is just minutes from I-10/Downtown Tucson.
(520) 366-8089 View (520) 366-8089
Photo of Jennifer Massey Therapy PLLC , Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Jennifer Massey Therapy PLLC
Counselor, MA, LAC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85718
As we know, life does not always work the way we want it to work. Our well-meaning attempts to make life work, too often become patterns that keep us from fulfilling the life we were made to live. When we can’t change these patterns, we get stuck. When life isn’t working, we need help. And NO, It’s never too late to change. Therapy is a collaborative, interactive process between patient and therapist. During this process, the therapist can treat specific issues (e.g. anxiety, depression, adjustments, sexual integrity, trauma, etc.) or everyday concerns (e.g. relationships and family problems, career issues, etc.).
As we know, life does not always work the way we want it to work. Our well-meaning attempts to make life work, too often become patterns that keep us from fulfilling the life we were made to live. When we can’t change these patterns, we get stuck. When life isn’t working, we need help. And NO, It’s never too late to change. Therapy is a collaborative, interactive process between patient and therapist. During this process, the therapist can treat specific issues (e.g. anxiety, depression, adjustments, sexual integrity, trauma, etc.) or everyday concerns (e.g. relationships and family problems, career issues, etc.).
(520) 276-6080 View (520) 276-6080
Photo of Tionna Hugley, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Tionna Hugley
Counselor, MA, NCC, LAC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85747  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
As a therapist, my mission is to provide a safe atmosphere where clients feel heard, empowered and accepted. I am committed to meeting you where you are, and also challenging you for optimal growth. My goal is to help you identify your strengths, utilize experiences from your past and discuss what happy, healing, and healthy looks and feels like for you! I am not a one size fits all therapist. Your journey is unique and may require a different approach than someone else. I am very personable and utilize conversation to assist clients with healing, growing and understanding !
As a therapist, my mission is to provide a safe atmosphere where clients feel heard, empowered and accepted. I am committed to meeting you where you are, and also challenging you for optimal growth. My goal is to help you identify your strengths, utilize experiences from your past and discuss what happy, healing, and healthy looks and feels like for you! I am not a one size fits all therapist. Your journey is unique and may require a different approach than someone else. I am very personable and utilize conversation to assist clients with healing, growing and understanding !
(520) 210-9063 View (520) 210-9063
Photo of Elahe Toutaiolepo-Bellinger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Elahe Toutaiolepo-Bellinger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85704  (Online Only)
Are you experiencing patterns of behaviors that you find difficult to change? Do you feel stuck and frustrated by repeated failures to improve certain aspects of yourself? Are you struggling with negative self-talk and conflicting internal dialogue? If so, therapy may be a helpful option for you. As a human being, we all have an innate ability to heal and often our minds and bodies automatically stretch towards this healing. The challenge is that often times we are engaged in old healing/adaptive patterns that no longer serve us and therapy can help with the creation and revising of these patterns for a healthier way of life.
Are you experiencing patterns of behaviors that you find difficult to change? Do you feel stuck and frustrated by repeated failures to improve certain aspects of yourself? Are you struggling with negative self-talk and conflicting internal dialogue? If so, therapy may be a helpful option for you. As a human being, we all have an innate ability to heal and often our minds and bodies automatically stretch towards this healing. The challenge is that often times we are engaged in old healing/adaptive patterns that no longer serve us and therapy can help with the creation and revising of these patterns for a healthier way of life.
(623) 246-4609 View (623) 246-4609
Photo of Rebecca Rae Palmer, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Rebecca Rae Palmer
Counselor, MA, CRC, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85716
My aim is to provide a therapeutic environment that is conducive to change, growth, and healing. I take an integrated approach to therapy, treating each individual with interventions best suited to a client's unique experiences. I have had the opportunity to work with individuals with disabilities in a vocational rehabilitation setting. I have worked with kids of all ages. I am also experienced in working with individuals adjusting to major life changes due to illness, traumatic events, and those experiencing grief, loss, anxiety, and depression.
My aim is to provide a therapeutic environment that is conducive to change, growth, and healing. I take an integrated approach to therapy, treating each individual with interventions best suited to a client's unique experiences. I have had the opportunity to work with individuals with disabilities in a vocational rehabilitation setting. I have worked with kids of all ages. I am also experienced in working with individuals adjusting to major life changes due to illness, traumatic events, and those experiencing grief, loss, anxiety, and depression.
(520) 462-2229 View (520) 462-2229
Photo of Sherri Mikels-Romero, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Sherri Mikels-Romero
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, PLLC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
I have a commitment to work that furthers the growth and wholeness of individuals and facilitates individuals and families in identifying strengths and increasing levels of functioning. I treat adults, children, and families and I prefer to involve parents when treating their children.
I have a commitment to work that furthers the growth and wholeness of individuals and facilitates individuals and families in identifying strengths and increasing levels of functioning. I treat adults, children, and families and I prefer to involve parents when treating their children.
(520) 837-1283 View (520) 837-1283
Photo of Pamela Gonzalez, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Pamela Gonzalez
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85750  (Online Only)
Being a Latina in our current times can be challenging. My young adult Latina clients find themselves feeling stuck, overwhelmed and exhausted. Trying to embrace their culture, honor their family's values and at the same time trying to find their own voice and individuality. Struggling to find a purpose, overwhelmed with expectations, isolated and in constant search for wellbeing in this fast paced world. Are you a Latina struggling with life transitions, relationships, body image, anxiety, depression? Are you searching for a more balanced life where your mental health is your priority? I recognize your journey, I can help.
Being a Latina in our current times can be challenging. My young adult Latina clients find themselves feeling stuck, overwhelmed and exhausted. Trying to embrace their culture, honor their family's values and at the same time trying to find their own voice and individuality. Struggling to find a purpose, overwhelmed with expectations, isolated and in constant search for wellbeing in this fast paced world. Are you a Latina struggling with life transitions, relationships, body image, anxiety, depression? Are you searching for a more balanced life where your mental health is your priority? I recognize your journey, I can help.
(520) 495-2293 View (520) 495-2293
Dr. John X Allemand
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LICSW, BCD, MPH
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712  (Online Only)
My work is influenced by the thought of existentialist philosophers and psychologists who speak compassionately to a profound and uniquely human dilemma—the quest for meaning in the face of suffering. Psychotherapy provides a safe and intimate space in which we might expand our capacity to bear suffering and to find meaning within and through it. Depth psychology proposes that the psyche consists of both conscious and unconscious thoughts, impulses, fantasies, and ideas. Symptoms (of depression, anxiety, addictions, etc.) are more than painful indicators of psychopathology.
My work is influenced by the thought of existentialist philosophers and psychologists who speak compassionately to a profound and uniquely human dilemma—the quest for meaning in the face of suffering. Psychotherapy provides a safe and intimate space in which we might expand our capacity to bear suffering and to find meaning within and through it. Depth psychology proposes that the psyche consists of both conscious and unconscious thoughts, impulses, fantasies, and ideas. Symptoms (of depression, anxiety, addictions, etc.) are more than painful indicators of psychopathology.
(520) 655-6858 View (520) 655-6858
Photo of Anthony Thomas Cameron, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Anthony Thomas Cameron
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
Are you suffering from past trauma? Is your past traumatic experience or experiences intruding and effecting your "here and now?" Are you anxious, on "high alert" and avoiding? Are you having difficulty concentrating and putting yourself down? Do you feel stuck and alone? Looking for a counselor and thinking about participating in counseling can be scary and overwhelming, but the counseling experience can be rewarding and even life changing. I have significant experience supporting individuals in overcoming trauma, anxiety, life transitions, and grief and loss.
Are you suffering from past trauma? Is your past traumatic experience or experiences intruding and effecting your "here and now?" Are you anxious, on "high alert" and avoiding? Are you having difficulty concentrating and putting yourself down? Do you feel stuck and alone? Looking for a counselor and thinking about participating in counseling can be scary and overwhelming, but the counseling experience can be rewarding and even life changing. I have significant experience supporting individuals in overcoming trauma, anxiety, life transitions, and grief and loss.
(520) 251-9020 View (520) 251-9020
Photo of Melissa Markley, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Melissa Markley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85715
At times we all feel hopeless, alone, and even too overwhelmed to stop and take care of our mental health, which is why speaking to a counselor can be very helpful. Anxiety and depression are often brought on by stress or other organic reasons. Finding ways to manage stress, practice better self-care, and better understand mental health symptoms are effective therapy goals to alleviate distress in our lives.
At times we all feel hopeless, alone, and even too overwhelmed to stop and take care of our mental health, which is why speaking to a counselor can be very helpful. Anxiety and depression are often brought on by stress or other organic reasons. Finding ways to manage stress, practice better self-care, and better understand mental health symptoms are effective therapy goals to alleviate distress in our lives.
(520) 655-6037 View (520) 655-6037
Photo of Patrick Stephen Thurman, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Patrick Stephen Thurman
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, LPAT, LMHC, CSAT, ATRS
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85711
Not accepting new clients
I am experienced in assisting individuals work through life challenges, such as anxiety, depression and mood disorders. I specialize in Trauma and Addiction issues. My priority is to provide my clients a safe environment to facilitate the insight they need to overcome their current obstacles, which includes the use of art therapy.
I am experienced in assisting individuals work through life challenges, such as anxiety, depression and mood disorders. I specialize in Trauma and Addiction issues. My priority is to provide my clients a safe environment to facilitate the insight they need to overcome their current obstacles, which includes the use of art therapy.
(520) 462-2905 View (520) 462-2905
Photo of Nicole Schutzbank, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Nicole Schutzbank
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCAT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85701
Have you been feeling disconnected? Do you need help finding yourself again? If you need help finding your center, I can support you. I understand how anxiety, challenges, transitions, relationship issues, and stressors can negatively impact you and prevent fulfillment and balance. I want to help you reclaim your power to develop a more meaningful and purposeful life.
Have you been feeling disconnected? Do you need help finding yourself again? If you need help finding your center, I can support you. I understand how anxiety, challenges, transitions, relationship issues, and stressors can negatively impact you and prevent fulfillment and balance. I want to help you reclaim your power to develop a more meaningful and purposeful life.
(520) 277-3156 View (520) 277-3156
Photo of Marlo R. Mendez, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Marlo R. Mendez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85716
Not accepting new clients
I believe in our shared goodness and capacity for personal growth and change through self-discovery. This is the reason I have dedicated my professional life to the practice of therapy with children and families. I have worked with children, adolescents, adults, and their families, to resolve conflicts and reach desired therapeutic goals for 17 years. I have specialized training helping others faced with a multitude of challenges to include suicidal behaviors and with issues related to anger, defiance, and conduct. Additional training areas include anxiety, depression, and ADHD.
I believe in our shared goodness and capacity for personal growth and change through self-discovery. This is the reason I have dedicated my professional life to the practice of therapy with children and families. I have worked with children, adolescents, adults, and their families, to resolve conflicts and reach desired therapeutic goals for 17 years. I have specialized training helping others faced with a multitude of challenges to include suicidal behaviors and with issues related to anger, defiance, and conduct. Additional training areas include anxiety, depression, and ADHD.
(520) 314-7876 View (520) 314-7876
Photo of Amber Moriconi, Licensed Master Social Worker in Tucson, AZ
Amber Moriconi
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
My ideal client seeks support in navigating life's complexities, grappling with depression, anxiety, and trauma. They're facing profound challenges like chronic illness, seeking solace and coping strategies. Amid life transitions and identity exploration, they yearn for acceptance and understanding. Their goal is to cultivate resilience, find peace amidst turmoil, and embrace their authentic self. They seek a compassionate ally to journey with them towards healing and self-discovery.
My ideal client seeks support in navigating life's complexities, grappling with depression, anxiety, and trauma. They're facing profound challenges like chronic illness, seeking solace and coping strategies. Amid life transitions and identity exploration, they yearn for acceptance and understanding. Their goal is to cultivate resilience, find peace amidst turmoil, and embrace their authentic self. They seek a compassionate ally to journey with them towards healing and self-discovery.
(520) 397-3780 View (520) 397-3780
Photo of Tiffany Goforth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Tiffany Goforth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85705  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Are you interested in personal growth? Do experiences from the past cause you pain today? Do you suffer from anxiety, substance abuse, or depression? Do you feel unseen, unheard, or unmotivated? In therapy, we can navigate difficult emotions, learn to recognize unhelpful patterns, gain new skills, and improve symptom management, among other things. I also believe there is a connection between our thoughts, feelings, and bodies; and, I find the mind-body connection helpful to explore.
Are you interested in personal growth? Do experiences from the past cause you pain today? Do you suffer from anxiety, substance abuse, or depression? Do you feel unseen, unheard, or unmotivated? In therapy, we can navigate difficult emotions, learn to recognize unhelpful patterns, gain new skills, and improve symptom management, among other things. I also believe there is a connection between our thoughts, feelings, and bodies; and, I find the mind-body connection helpful to explore.
(520) 389-5690 View (520) 389-5690
Photo of Katy Kottabi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Katy Kottabi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
“We all have a past. We have all made choices that maybe weren’t the best ones. None of us are completely innocent, but we all get a fresh start everyday to a be a better person than we were yesterday.” Life’s challenges are an opportunity for growth! I believe therapy has the capacity to provide insight into ourselves, help us understand who we are and why, and increase awareness and authenticity.
“We all have a past. We have all made choices that maybe weren’t the best ones. None of us are completely innocent, but we all get a fresh start everyday to a be a better person than we were yesterday.” Life’s challenges are an opportunity for growth! I believe therapy has the capacity to provide insight into ourselves, help us understand who we are and why, and increase awareness and authenticity.
(520) 210-3754 View (520) 210-3754
Photo of Elena Flores, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Elena Flores
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85741  (Online Only)
Are you feeling stuck, alone, lonely or unsupported? Struggling to process emotions, navigate challenging relationships, or learn healthy boundaries? Are you looking for online counseling? I would love to help! Often the process of healing, change and new beginnings can feel overwhelming and unattainable. I specialize in helping others achieve their goals through learning coping skills and processing the roots of these issues. I work with individuals towards hope and healing. I think you'll find that I'm calm, authentic, and nonjudgmental. If you want someone to walk alongside you, let's talk!
Are you feeling stuck, alone, lonely or unsupported? Struggling to process emotions, navigate challenging relationships, or learn healthy boundaries? Are you looking for online counseling? I would love to help! Often the process of healing, change and new beginnings can feel overwhelming and unattainable. I specialize in helping others achieve their goals through learning coping skills and processing the roots of these issues. I work with individuals towards hope and healing. I think you'll find that I'm calm, authentic, and nonjudgmental. If you want someone to walk alongside you, let's talk!
(928) 224-3250 View (928) 224-3250
Photo of Diana Beltran, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Diana Beltran
Counselor, DBH, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85747  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Diana holds a Doctoral degree in Behavioral Health and a Master degree in Counseling, is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Arizona, and has certification as a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional. Diana is bilingual (Spanish/English) and bicultural and has been trained in Trauma informed care, Multisystemic Therapy, and Faith based counseling. Diana utilizes a mostly solution-focused approach that integrates aspects of CBT, DBT, and Motivational Interviewing. Diana’s background includes working with people with chronic medical condition, depression, anxiety.
Diana holds a Doctoral degree in Behavioral Health and a Master degree in Counseling, is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Arizona, and has certification as a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional. Diana is bilingual (Spanish/English) and bicultural and has been trained in Trauma informed care, Multisystemic Therapy, and Faith based counseling. Diana utilizes a mostly solution-focused approach that integrates aspects of CBT, DBT, and Motivational Interviewing. Diana’s background includes working with people with chronic medical condition, depression, anxiety.
(520) 645-8609 View (520) 645-8609

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tucson, AZ

900+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Tucson, AZ who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Self Esteem
79% Relationship Issues
76% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
67% Grief

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Aetna
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
67% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Tucson, AZ see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
18% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tucson?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.