Therapists in Grand Rapids, MI

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Photo of Amanda Bernés, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Grand Rapids, MI
Amanda Bernés
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49506
Hello, I'm happy to have the opportunity to support you on your journey towards greater emotional well-being. I’ll meet you where you’re at with a compassionate and collaborative approach while working with you to navigate life's challenges to create a safe space for growth and healing. I strive to provide a supportive experience as we focus on your unique history. We will employ evidence-based practices while working to gather an understanding of your past to establish your present and future goals.
Hello, I'm happy to have the opportunity to support you on your journey towards greater emotional well-being. I’ll meet you where you’re at with a compassionate and collaborative approach while working with you to navigate life's challenges to create a safe space for growth and healing. I strive to provide a supportive experience as we focus on your unique history. We will employ evidence-based practices while working to gather an understanding of your past to establish your present and future goals.
(616) 537-2787 View (616) 537-2787
Photo of Tiara Parks, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Grand Rapids, MI
Tiara Parks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
I promote change by being client-centered, solution focused, and working collaboratively with individuals, through evidence-based practices such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, and motivational interviewing.
I promote change by being client-centered, solution focused, and working collaboratively with individuals, through evidence-based practices such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, and motivational interviewing.
(616) 315-0354 View (616) 315-0354
Photo of D'estinay Doxey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Grand Rapids, MI
D'estinay Doxey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
D’estinay Doxey is a Licensed Social Worker (LMSW-C). Her work experience includes medical social work and providing outpatient therapy to individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, life transitions, stress management, and substance use issues. D’estinay completed her Master's degree in Social Work at Wayne State University.
D’estinay Doxey is a Licensed Social Worker (LMSW-C). Her work experience includes medical social work and providing outpatient therapy to individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, life transitions, stress management, and substance use issues. D’estinay completed her Master's degree in Social Work at Wayne State University.
(616) 512-2101 View (616) 512-2101
Photo of Richelle Whyte, Counselor in Grand Rapids, MI
Richelle Whyte
Counselor, LLPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49503
Not accepting new clients
We all want to change in some way, and I believe that real, visible change comes from an internal motivation to be better versions of ourselves. By looking at the uncomfortable or unexamined parts within ourselves, that positive change becomes possible.
We all want to change in some way, and I believe that real, visible change comes from an internal motivation to be better versions of ourselves. By looking at the uncomfortable or unexamined parts within ourselves, that positive change becomes possible.
(231) 241-8134 View (231) 241-8134
Photo of Beth Reimel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Grand Rapids, MI
Beth Reimel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49546  (Online Only)
When people seek my counseling services, I do not see them as "problems to be fixed," but as people who have become stuck in patterns of behavior and ways of dealing with their feelings that are not helpful. My first goal with my clients is to establish a safe place where they feel understood and free to really "open up." I respect clients' individuality and consequently work together with them for what will best help them achieve a satisfying, productive life. My ultimate goal for my clients is for them to gain self understanding through awareness of what has influenced them so they can choose healthy ways of conducting their lives
When people seek my counseling services, I do not see them as "problems to be fixed," but as people who have become stuck in patterns of behavior and ways of dealing with their feelings that are not helpful. My first goal with my clients is to establish a safe place where they feel understood and free to really "open up." I respect clients' individuality and consequently work together with them for what will best help them achieve a satisfying, productive life. My ultimate goal for my clients is for them to gain self understanding through awareness of what has influenced them so they can choose healthy ways of conducting their lives
(616) 433-2507 View (616) 433-2507
Photo of Claire Blystra, Pre-Licensed Professional in Grand Rapids, MI
Claire Blystra
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49508
My ideal client is fairly straightforward: aside from any particular issues that may bring them to therapy, my ideal client is one who wants to make changes and is willing to work at doing so. Together, we'll navigate life's complexities, uncovering insights and building the skills you need to thrive. Your journey towards a happier, more fulfilling life starts with taking that first step. Reach out today, and let's begin that journey together.
My ideal client is fairly straightforward: aside from any particular issues that may bring them to therapy, my ideal client is one who wants to make changes and is willing to work at doing so. Together, we'll navigate life's complexities, uncovering insights and building the skills you need to thrive. Your journey towards a happier, more fulfilling life starts with taking that first step. Reach out today, and let's begin that journey together.
(616) 557-7574 View (616) 557-7574
Photo of Stacey VanderKlok, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Grand Rapids, MI
Stacey VanderKlok
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49544
In my 26 years of experience in healthcare working with patients, families, and professionals, I have had the privilege of meeting with people in moments of deep challenge - living with serious illness, facing end of life, managing caregiving stress, working through grief and loss and dealing with all the changes and transitions that can happen in life. I work with clients who want support through all stages of adult life from leaving home for the first time to empty nests, from caring for aging parents to adjusting the changes that come with aging.
In my 26 years of experience in healthcare working with patients, families, and professionals, I have had the privilege of meeting with people in moments of deep challenge - living with serious illness, facing end of life, managing caregiving stress, working through grief and loss and dealing with all the changes and transitions that can happen in life. I work with clients who want support through all stages of adult life from leaving home for the first time to empty nests, from caring for aging parents to adjusting the changes that come with aging.
(616) 557-7514 View (616) 557-7514
Photo of Eric Fullen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Grand Rapids, MI
Eric Fullen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49504  (Online Only)
Are you feeling stuck in your relationships, work, or personal life? Do you tend to blame yourself when something goes wrong? Well, I’m here to tell you that you’re not alone. We’ve all been there, and I know firsthand how hard it can be to reach out for help, but that is the first step towards healing. I believe that you have what you need to heal but I also know that it’s not as simple as willing yourself into it. That's where I come in. My goal is to cultivate space for you-all of you, which includes the parts of you that you lean on to keep going but also the parts of you that feel ashamed of (maybe even hate?).
Are you feeling stuck in your relationships, work, or personal life? Do you tend to blame yourself when something goes wrong? Well, I’m here to tell you that you’re not alone. We’ve all been there, and I know firsthand how hard it can be to reach out for help, but that is the first step towards healing. I believe that you have what you need to heal but I also know that it’s not as simple as willing yourself into it. That's where I come in. My goal is to cultivate space for you-all of you, which includes the parts of you that you lean on to keep going but also the parts of you that feel ashamed of (maybe even hate?).
(616) 287-5966 View (616) 287-5966
Photo of Patricia A Hickey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Grand Rapids, MI
Patricia A Hickey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49506
I graduated from the University of Michigan in 1983. Since that time, my focus has been on helping individuals, couples and groups ascertain and realize their goals. Using a direct approach,my clients appreciate the stability and consistency I provide to their overall progress and definitive improvement in their lives. I believe therapy is certainly a process for overcoming obstacles and making sense of one's history. It is also a vehicle to explore and decide what is you really want if life.
I graduated from the University of Michigan in 1983. Since that time, my focus has been on helping individuals, couples and groups ascertain and realize their goals. Using a direct approach,my clients appreciate the stability and consistency I provide to their overall progress and definitive improvement in their lives. I believe therapy is certainly a process for overcoming obstacles and making sense of one's history. It is also a vehicle to explore and decide what is you really want if life.
(616) 439-0977 View (616) 439-0977
Photo of Victor S Wagner, Psychologist in Grand Rapids, MI
Victor S Wagner
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
I have been in practice for more than 30 years. I work with people of all ages and with a broad range of problems. I also teach family physicians and medical students consequently, I am experienced in working with people who are dealing with the effects of an acute or chronic medical problem in their life and on their relationships. I have training and experience in family therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, narrative therapy and mindfulness based stress reduction.I have worked extensively with children and adolescents on problems stemming from ADHD and resulting in behavioral concerns.
I have been in practice for more than 30 years. I work with people of all ages and with a broad range of problems. I also teach family physicians and medical students consequently, I am experienced in working with people who are dealing with the effects of an acute or chronic medical problem in their life and on their relationships. I have training and experience in family therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, narrative therapy and mindfulness based stress reduction.I have worked extensively with children and adolescents on problems stemming from ADHD and resulting in behavioral concerns.
(616) 504-1166 View (616) 504-1166
Photo of Lauren Guttersen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Grand Rapids, MI
Lauren Guttersen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49525
Helping others feel understood and confident to live a full, authentic life is my true calling. Respecting the autonomy of each person as holding the key to their own success is an important aspect of therapy. I bring a non-judgmental approach and am experienced in working with people whose lifestyles differ from societal norms. Accepting of all spiritual beliefs, sex positive and polyam friendly.
Helping others feel understood and confident to live a full, authentic life is my true calling. Respecting the autonomy of each person as holding the key to their own success is an important aspect of therapy. I bring a non-judgmental approach and am experienced in working with people whose lifestyles differ from societal norms. Accepting of all spiritual beliefs, sex positive and polyam friendly.
(616) 528-9936 x307 View (616) 528-9936 x307
Photo of Kristi Paguio Consulting, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Grand Rapids, MI
Kristi Paguio Consulting, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LCSW, CDCES
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Life is often stressful and living with chronic illness only makes life more challenging. Having a therapist who also understands the mental and emotional side of chronic illness/diabetes can be really helpful. In my practice, I work with clients by compassionately building from their strengths, increasing their coping strategies for more insight and self-understanding, increased emotional regulation and stress management, and improving depression, anxiety, trauma, and diabetes-related distress.
Life is often stressful and living with chronic illness only makes life more challenging. Having a therapist who also understands the mental and emotional side of chronic illness/diabetes can be really helpful. In my practice, I work with clients by compassionately building from their strengths, increasing their coping strategies for more insight and self-understanding, increased emotional regulation and stress management, and improving depression, anxiety, trauma, and diabetes-related distress.
(616) 557-7911 View (616) 557-7911
Photo of Lynn Hecht Siegel, Licensed Professional Counselor in Grand Rapids, MI
Lynn Hecht Siegel
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49525
Not accepting new clients
I truly enjoy partnering with adults to help them identify and achieve goals to improve their mental and physical health, and ultimately, their quality of life. I believe all people are unique, have an important life story, and deserve a counseling experiences that addresses their unique needs. As human beings, we often become trapped in doing, thinking, and feeling the same things over and over, without being aware of it, and wonder why we aren't making any progress in our jobs, relationships, health, and emotional well-being. How can we break out of this cycle?
I truly enjoy partnering with adults to help them identify and achieve goals to improve their mental and physical health, and ultimately, their quality of life. I believe all people are unique, have an important life story, and deserve a counseling experiences that addresses their unique needs. As human beings, we often become trapped in doing, thinking, and feeling the same things over and over, without being aware of it, and wonder why we aren't making any progress in our jobs, relationships, health, and emotional well-being. How can we break out of this cycle?
(616) 952-2013 View (616) 952-2013
Photo of Diane Schroeder, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Grand Rapids, MI
Diane Schroeder, MA, LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Are life's challenges getting in the way of you living fulfilled and satisfied? Do anxious thoughts, stress, or past hurts control your life? Whatever is holding you back, Diane believes you don't have to stay that way - healing and growth are possible! Diane is a skilled problem solver who can help you figure out what's happening and collaborate with you to make change. She will strategize with you to put together a unique, customized plan (which may include Neurofeedback Brain Training), focused entirely on your specific situation and story.
Are life's challenges getting in the way of you living fulfilled and satisfied? Do anxious thoughts, stress, or past hurts control your life? Whatever is holding you back, Diane believes you don't have to stay that way - healing and growth are possible! Diane is a skilled problem solver who can help you figure out what's happening and collaborate with you to make change. She will strategize with you to put together a unique, customized plan (which may include Neurofeedback Brain Training), focused entirely on your specific situation and story.
(616) 920-8135 View (616) 920-8135
Photo of Arianna Pittenger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Grand Rapids, MI
Arianna Pittenger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49506  (Online Only)
We have all been through things in life, and some items can be challenging to heal or talk about. Those are normal and validating feelings, but sometimes we need someone to talk to. To help navigate and conceptualize these experiences and gain coping skills. Communicating and healthily processing these emotions can be difficult, depending on our intersectional identities, to do out of fear of being stigmatized. That is why I am passionate about providing a safe space. My goal as a therapist is to help clients nourish their brains in practices that are best for them.
We have all been through things in life, and some items can be challenging to heal or talk about. Those are normal and validating feelings, but sometimes we need someone to talk to. To help navigate and conceptualize these experiences and gain coping skills. Communicating and healthily processing these emotions can be difficult, depending on our intersectional identities, to do out of fear of being stigmatized. That is why I am passionate about providing a safe space. My goal as a therapist is to help clients nourish their brains in practices that are best for them.
(231) 427-2146 View (231) 427-2146
Photo of Allison Smith, Licensed Professional Counselor in Grand Rapids, MI
Allison Smith
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LLPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49525
I understand that seeking therapy can bring up a range of feelings — from excitement and hopefulness to uncertainty and anxiety. Whether you’ve been in therapy before or it’s your first time, I will tailor my approach to fit your specific needs, and provide a space where you can feel safe, heard, and accepted. You are the expert in your life and I am here to guide, support and walk with you through your healing and growth. In efforts to make each client as comfortable as possible, I offer both in person and telehealth therapy. I am a Limited License Professional Counselor and earned my Master’s from Eastern Michigan University.
I understand that seeking therapy can bring up a range of feelings — from excitement and hopefulness to uncertainty and anxiety. Whether you’ve been in therapy before or it’s your first time, I will tailor my approach to fit your specific needs, and provide a space where you can feel safe, heard, and accepted. You are the expert in your life and I am here to guide, support and walk with you through your healing and growth. In efforts to make each client as comfortable as possible, I offer both in person and telehealth therapy. I am a Limited License Professional Counselor and earned my Master’s from Eastern Michigan University.
(616) 557-6649 View (616) 557-6649
Photo of Jaedah Pickens, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Grand Rapids, MI
Jaedah Pickens
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49546  (Online Only)
There are two things that I have learned about therapy over the years as both a client and a therapist: 1) Therapy takes “work”! This “work” looks different for folx because we are on our unique journeys- this is okay! 2) Healing is not linear. Meaning, you may experience a range of feelings, thoughts, and reactions on your healing journey- this is okay! Whether you are interested in delving deeper into yourself, exploring past and present experiences, just want to talk, etc., I am here to support you along the way.
There are two things that I have learned about therapy over the years as both a client and a therapist: 1) Therapy takes “work”! This “work” looks different for folx because we are on our unique journeys- this is okay! 2) Healing is not linear. Meaning, you may experience a range of feelings, thoughts, and reactions on your healing journey- this is okay! Whether you are interested in delving deeper into yourself, exploring past and present experiences, just want to talk, etc., I am here to support you along the way.
(616) 310-5009 View (616) 310-5009
Photo of Amanda Brygal, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Grand Rapids, MI
Amanda Brygal
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
Grand Rapids, MI 49546
Amanda Brygal is a Limited Licensed Masters Social Worker in Michigan who has been practicing since 2019. She received her Associates degree in Applied Sciences for Medical Assisting from Baker College in 2008. Next, she decided to go through Walden University for her next two degrees. She received her Bachelor's degree in Psychology in 2013 and her Master's degree of Social Work in 2019. Amanda is passionate about helping those who need guidance and support through their mental health journey. She is empathetic and has her own experience which allows more insight into how her client may be feeling.
Amanda Brygal is a Limited Licensed Masters Social Worker in Michigan who has been practicing since 2019. She received her Associates degree in Applied Sciences for Medical Assisting from Baker College in 2008. Next, she decided to go through Walden University for her next two degrees. She received her Bachelor's degree in Psychology in 2013 and her Master's degree of Social Work in 2019. Amanda is passionate about helping those who need guidance and support through their mental health journey. She is empathetic and has her own experience which allows more insight into how her client may be feeling.
(616) 345-4178 View (616) 345-4178
Photo of Christine Buckley, Marriage & Family Therapist in Grand Rapids, MI
Christine Buckley
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49503  (Online Only)
Reaching out for help is hard, especially in our most vulnerable moments, so I work hard to make therapy a comfortable, approachable, and worthwhile experience for my clients. I work with clients experiencing issues like depression, anxiety, and self-esteem issues, trauma, and much more. For those experiencing trauma, I'm a trained EMDR therapist with experience helping individuals heal from the negative beliefs that they’ve taken on, and the traumatic experiences they’ve had in life. Whatever you may be going through, I'm honored to join you on a journey of healing.
Reaching out for help is hard, especially in our most vulnerable moments, so I work hard to make therapy a comfortable, approachable, and worthwhile experience for my clients. I work with clients experiencing issues like depression, anxiety, and self-esteem issues, trauma, and much more. For those experiencing trauma, I'm a trained EMDR therapist with experience helping individuals heal from the negative beliefs that they’ve taken on, and the traumatic experiences they’ve had in life. Whatever you may be going through, I'm honored to join you on a journey of healing.
(616) 201-0582 View (616) 201-0582
Photo of Jill R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Grand Rapids, MI
Jill R
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grand Rapids, MI 49504  (Online Only)
Taking the first step to seek help for yourself can be scary and overwhelming, but once the first step is taken, it becomes easier to take the next few. It can be difficult to manage life on life’s terms by yourself. You are not alone, as I am here to help you through life’s unexpectancies. Whether you are struggling with current stressors, past life experiences or everything far and in between, help is here. My role is to listen, guide, support and empower those who are struggling. I aim to provide a open-minded, safe, and empathic environment to explore your stressors, concerns and life experiences without judgment.
Taking the first step to seek help for yourself can be scary and overwhelming, but once the first step is taken, it becomes easier to take the next few. It can be difficult to manage life on life’s terms by yourself. You are not alone, as I am here to help you through life’s unexpectancies. Whether you are struggling with current stressors, past life experiences or everything far and in between, help is here. My role is to listen, guide, support and empower those who are struggling. I aim to provide a open-minded, safe, and empathic environment to explore your stressors, concerns and life experiences without judgment.
(616) 739-6566 View (616) 739-6566

See more therapy options for Grand Rapids

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Grand Rapids, MI

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Grand Rapids, MI who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
89% Depression
77% Self Esteem
76% Relationship Issues
72% Trauma and PTSD
71% Coping Skills
70% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
69% Priority Health
63% Aetna

How Therapists in Grand Rapids, MI see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Grand Rapids?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.