Therapists in Catonsville, MD

Photo of Sarah Larsen Astrones P.C., Counselor in Catonsville, MD
Sarah Larsen Astrones P.C.
Counselor, LIMHP, LIPC, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Catonsville, MD 21228  (Online Only)
Your privacy is valued. Support is here for you that is discreet, convenient, and prioritizing you whether that’s with therapy or coaching, I am here. I will help you brave through life’s most challenging storms. We will weather them together and I’ll guide you to that beautiful rainbow on the other side. It’s there. It does exist. Every storm passes. You deserve your rainbow and I will help you create it. Change is hard. What’s hardest? Staying where you’re not meant to be. Allow me the honor to support you on your journey.
Your privacy is valued. Support is here for you that is discreet, convenient, and prioritizing you whether that’s with therapy or coaching, I am here. I will help you brave through life’s most challenging storms. We will weather them together and I’ll guide you to that beautiful rainbow on the other side. It’s there. It does exist. Every storm passes. You deserve your rainbow and I will help you create it. Change is hard. What’s hardest? Staying where you’re not meant to be. Allow me the honor to support you on your journey.
(443) 516-9413 View (443) 516-9413
Photo of Erica E Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Catonsville, MD
Erica E Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Catonsville, MD 21228
Are anxiety, fear, or traumatic events preventing you from reaching the success and pleasure you desire? Do you frequently worry, fear, or experience anxiety or traumatic stress? I welcome the chance to assist you in identifying and overcoming your hurdles so that you can lead the more meaningful life that you deserve. I have assisted many people in overcoming challenges of this nature to live happier and more satisfying lives. I offer a flexible, welcoming, and nonjudgmental environment to meet your specific needs while maintaining a high level of service quality.
Are anxiety, fear, or traumatic events preventing you from reaching the success and pleasure you desire? Do you frequently worry, fear, or experience anxiety or traumatic stress? I welcome the chance to assist you in identifying and overcoming your hurdles so that you can lead the more meaningful life that you deserve. I have assisted many people in overcoming challenges of this nature to live happier and more satisfying lives. I offer a flexible, welcoming, and nonjudgmental environment to meet your specific needs while maintaining a high level of service quality.
(410) 927-1478 View (410) 927-1478
Photo of Dr. Rachel Kovacs, Psychologist in Catonsville, MD
Dr. Rachel Kovacs
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Catonsville, MD 21228
I am a clinical psychologist providing psychotherapy to children, adolescents and young adults. I specialize in working with individuals who have medical conditions (e.g., chronic pain, headaches, diabetes, sleep) and chronic illness. I am uniquely qualified to provide psychological services for illness management including adjustment to medical conditions and medically related treatment. I additionally work with healthcare professionals and students including medical and graduate students, psychology trainees, and undergraduates.My goal is to help you function in daily life not to just get by, but to live the life you want to live.
I am a clinical psychologist providing psychotherapy to children, adolescents and young adults. I specialize in working with individuals who have medical conditions (e.g., chronic pain, headaches, diabetes, sleep) and chronic illness. I am uniquely qualified to provide psychological services for illness management including adjustment to medical conditions and medically related treatment. I additionally work with healthcare professionals and students including medical and graduate students, psychology trainees, and undergraduates.My goal is to help you function in daily life not to just get by, but to live the life you want to live.
(410) 240-3708 View (410) 240-3708
Photo of Tracey Mack, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Catonsville, MD
Tracey Mack
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, CSOTP, CCTP, CDWF
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Catonsville, MD 21228
ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS! Let's get to the real stuff!! Are you having a difficult time managing the "stuff" in your life? Whether it be depression, anxiety, substances, relationships, etc. We are living in a very fast pace world where our stuff can become overwhelming and may need some assistance. My belief to counseling is to assist the client where they are and aid in identifying solutions. Through therapy, I provide my clients with the tools that they need to live their life to the fullest and to discover the potential they have within themselves.
ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS! Let's get to the real stuff!! Are you having a difficult time managing the "stuff" in your life? Whether it be depression, anxiety, substances, relationships, etc. We are living in a very fast pace world where our stuff can become overwhelming and may need some assistance. My belief to counseling is to assist the client where they are and aid in identifying solutions. Through therapy, I provide my clients with the tools that they need to live their life to the fullest and to discover the potential they have within themselves.
(410) 593-1739 View (410) 593-1739
Photo of Natalie Kroll, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Catonsville, MD
Natalie Kroll
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Catonsville, MD 21228
“Will it always have to be this way?” This is a statement I hear often from clients when they first come to me. Holding hope for clients until they are able to hold it for themselves is a calling I feel honored to provide. My ideal client is one that has experienced trauma or crisis in their life, usually with their family of origin, struggles in relationships, has experienced anxiety, abandonment, or questions their identity and sexuality. As a licensed professional therapist, I am able to assist in the following areas: caretaker anxiety, grief and loss, adolescent struggles, trauma, gender and/or sexual identity.
“Will it always have to be this way?” This is a statement I hear often from clients when they first come to me. Holding hope for clients until they are able to hold it for themselves is a calling I feel honored to provide. My ideal client is one that has experienced trauma or crisis in their life, usually with their family of origin, struggles in relationships, has experienced anxiety, abandonment, or questions their identity and sexuality. As a licensed professional therapist, I am able to assist in the following areas: caretaker anxiety, grief and loss, adolescent struggles, trauma, gender and/or sexual identity.
(410) 834-4235 View (410) 834-4235
Photo of Dr. Victoria Kennedy-Adkins, Psychological Associate in Catonsville, MD
Dr. Victoria Kennedy-Adkins
Psychological Associate, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Catonsville, MD 21228  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I want you to know that you are not alone. Whatever has steered you to this present moment—I am glad that you are here. I find it very admirable and brave that you are motivated to heal and grow, even right now when the path forward may seem uncertain. We’ve got this! I am here to walk this path forward with you with my non-judgmental, empathic, playful, and grounded therapeutic style. Your thoughts, feelings, and experiences matter. I will help you obtain the clarity you are looking for to better to understand and process your experiences.
I want you to know that you are not alone. Whatever has steered you to this present moment—I am glad that you are here. I find it very admirable and brave that you are motivated to heal and grow, even right now when the path forward may seem uncertain. We’ve got this! I am here to walk this path forward with you with my non-judgmental, empathic, playful, and grounded therapeutic style. Your thoughts, feelings, and experiences matter. I will help you obtain the clarity you are looking for to better to understand and process your experiences.
(410) 807-3227 View (410) 807-3227
Photo of Dr. Victoria Dansereau-Ryan, Pre-Licensed Professional in Catonsville, MD
Dr. Victoria Dansereau-Ryan
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
Catonsville, MD 21228
Waitlist for new clients
Therapy is a healing journey. Should that be in your personal relationships, within yourself, or both. Talking about sex has varying levels of comfort for everyone. Some folks are seeking to understand their difficulties with arousal, may be exploring their erotic preferences (i.e., kink and BDSM), may want to process their feelings about sex after sexual trauma, or want to learn how to communicate with their partner about sexual needs and desires. Life is hard and there can be many things weighing on your mind that influences your sexual wellbeing. Having an authentic self and sexual self is crucial to your overall mental health.
Therapy is a healing journey. Should that be in your personal relationships, within yourself, or both. Talking about sex has varying levels of comfort for everyone. Some folks are seeking to understand their difficulties with arousal, may be exploring their erotic preferences (i.e., kink and BDSM), may want to process their feelings about sex after sexual trauma, or want to learn how to communicate with their partner about sexual needs and desires. Life is hard and there can be many things weighing on your mind that influences your sexual wellbeing. Having an authentic self and sexual self is crucial to your overall mental health.
(410) 457-9564 View (410) 457-9564
Photo of Carly Hunt, Psychologist in Catonsville, MD
Carly Hunt
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Catonsville, MD 21228  (Online Only)
Accepting New Clients Now! Hello! I'm a sport psychologist and counseling psychologist. I'm warm, experienced, collaborative and dedicated to helping people reach their full potential at work, in sport/the arts, and in life. As part of this work, I help people thrive in the face of health and pain concerns. I have graduate degrees in Kinesiology, Counseling Psychology (Maryland) and postdoctoral training in chronic pain research from the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. I've walked the walk as a former NCAA athlete (golf) and someone who has personally dealt with health concerns. I hope to support you in reaching your goals.
Accepting New Clients Now! Hello! I'm a sport psychologist and counseling psychologist. I'm warm, experienced, collaborative and dedicated to helping people reach their full potential at work, in sport/the arts, and in life. As part of this work, I help people thrive in the face of health and pain concerns. I have graduate degrees in Kinesiology, Counseling Psychology (Maryland) and postdoctoral training in chronic pain research from the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. I've walked the walk as a former NCAA athlete (golf) and someone who has personally dealt with health concerns. I hope to support you in reaching your goals.
(410) 220-6504 View (410) 220-6504
Photo of Amanda Garratt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Catonsville, MD
Amanda Garratt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, EMDR
Verified Verified
Catonsville, MD 21228
Your anxiety just won’t go away! Every day you’re plagued with incessant what-ifs and worries about what others think. The constant striving for perfection is exhausting, as is that judgmental voice in your head that keeps telling you what you did wrong or how you’re not enough. You can’t remember the last time you had a full night’s sleep. You have tried everything, and nothing has helped. Your brain just won’t stop, and if someone tells you to “relax” one more time, you’ll lose it.
Your anxiety just won’t go away! Every day you’re plagued with incessant what-ifs and worries about what others think. The constant striving for perfection is exhausting, as is that judgmental voice in your head that keeps telling you what you did wrong or how you’re not enough. You can’t remember the last time you had a full night’s sleep. You have tried everything, and nothing has helped. Your brain just won’t stop, and if someone tells you to “relax” one more time, you’ll lose it.
(443) 903-2454 View (443) 903-2454
Photo of Abby Plusen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Catonsville, MD
Abby Plusen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, MSSW, CLC
Verified Verified
Catonsville, MD 21228
I believe we are all just the stories we tell ourselves. There is nothing good or bad about this – it is just how we craft and make sense of our life. You and I may have the same exact experience of something, and you may hear, notice, and even value things I had not. If we are made up of our stories and our stories are extremely subjective, how do we make good sense of the world around us? You have all the answers inside you.
I believe we are all just the stories we tell ourselves. There is nothing good or bad about this – it is just how we craft and make sense of our life. You and I may have the same exact experience of something, and you may hear, notice, and even value things I had not. If we are made up of our stories and our stories are extremely subjective, how do we make good sense of the world around us? You have all the answers inside you.
(410) 883-5213 View (410) 883-5213
Photo of Carrie Holland-Lee, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Catonsville, MD
Carrie Holland-Lee
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Catonsville, MD 21228
I use a client centered approach where I help the client focus on the skills and resources they have in order to help solve the problems they have in their life. I offer a warm, non-judgmental approach to therapy and am happy to help my clients learn and grow through their experiences. I am trained in EMDR and use this technique to help clients with a trauma work through and heal from their past. I also do marriage and couples counseling with all types of couples including those in non-monogamous relationships.
I use a client centered approach where I help the client focus on the skills and resources they have in order to help solve the problems they have in their life. I offer a warm, non-judgmental approach to therapy and am happy to help my clients learn and grow through their experiences. I am trained in EMDR and use this technique to help clients with a trauma work through and heal from their past. I also do marriage and couples counseling with all types of couples including those in non-monogamous relationships.
(443) 424-6237 View (443) 424-6237
Photo of Ascendant Counseling Services LLC, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Catonsville, MD
Ascendant Counseling Services LLC
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCSW-C, LCPC
Verified Verified
Catonsville, MD 21228
Ascendant Counseling Services LLC is an agency of licensed, professional therapist representing a diversity of mental health disciplines. Ascendant is dedicated to strengthening emotional and spiritual health. We provide services to individuals and families. We make us of the insights and resources of the behavioral sciences, When requested, we utilize Christian Counseling concepts within the therapy session. Please visit our website at www.AscendantCounselingServices.com or text us at: (443) 335-2297.
Ascendant Counseling Services LLC is an agency of licensed, professional therapist representing a diversity of mental health disciplines. Ascendant is dedicated to strengthening emotional and spiritual health. We provide services to individuals and families. We make us of the insights and resources of the behavioral sciences, When requested, we utilize Christian Counseling concepts within the therapy session. Please visit our website at www.AscendantCounselingServices.com or text us at: (443) 335-2297.
(410) 983-3706 View (410) 983-3706
Photo of Kelley Cohill, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Catonsville, MD
Kelley Cohill
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Catonsville, MD 21228
Change is possible by taking the first step. Perhaps you are feeling stuck, can’t seem to move forward. Maybe you’ve fallen into unhealthy habits that you can't shake. Despite your efforts, do you find that difficult emotions persist. Although life's ups and downs can feel daunting, I am here to provide compassionate support and practical tools to facilitate emotional well-being and personal growth.
Change is possible by taking the first step. Perhaps you are feeling stuck, can’t seem to move forward. Maybe you’ve fallen into unhealthy habits that you can't shake. Despite your efforts, do you find that difficult emotions persist. Although life's ups and downs can feel daunting, I am here to provide compassionate support and practical tools to facilitate emotional well-being and personal growth.
(410) 929-5860 View (410) 929-5860
Photo of KMC Counseling and Consulting, LLC, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Catonsville, MD
KMC Counseling and Consulting, LLC
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Catonsville, MD 21228  (Online Only)
Do you feel overwhelmed? Do you find yourself feeling sad and/or anxious? Do you need a safe place to discuss your current frustrations? Allow me to provide you with support and guidance to overcome life’s demands and improve your quality of life. Clients from all backgrounds are welcome.
Do you feel overwhelmed? Do you find yourself feeling sad and/or anxious? Do you need a safe place to discuss your current frustrations? Allow me to provide you with support and guidance to overcome life’s demands and improve your quality of life. Clients from all backgrounds are welcome.
(410) 657-4734 View (410) 657-4734
Photo of Clinton Lewin, Psychologist in Catonsville, MD
Clinton Lewin
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Catonsville, MD 21228  (Online Only)
I greatly value the opportunity to empower people in their pursuit of well being. You may have a specific concern or a general sense that you wish to move through life differently. I strive to incorporate your values, identities, and unique life circumstances into therapy, working with you as a whole person rather than as a collection of symptoms. I believe that stress and pain are unavoidable parts of life, and that reactions to these can add to distress. In developing and working towards goals together, I consider the quality of our relationship to be a powerful source of healing.
I greatly value the opportunity to empower people in their pursuit of well being. You may have a specific concern or a general sense that you wish to move through life differently. I strive to incorporate your values, identities, and unique life circumstances into therapy, working with you as a whole person rather than as a collection of symptoms. I believe that stress and pain are unavoidable parts of life, and that reactions to these can add to distress. In developing and working towards goals together, I consider the quality of our relationship to be a powerful source of healing.
(410) 403-0061 View (410) 403-0061
Photo of Sai Peterson, Counselor in Catonsville, MD
Sai Peterson
Counselor, LGPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Catonsville, MD 21228  (Online Only)
I’m Sai, your collaborative guide through life big changes! As you navigate this transformative phase, I provide support in facing challenges related to identity, relationships, education, and self-discovery. It’s okay to feel overwhelmed; I’m here to help you find clarity, build resilience, and navigate the uncertainties of issues like emerging adulthood. Your journey is valid, and seeking guidance is a positive step towards understanding the complexities of this unique phase in life. Let’s work together to make your path clearer and more purposeful.
I’m Sai, your collaborative guide through life big changes! As you navigate this transformative phase, I provide support in facing challenges related to identity, relationships, education, and self-discovery. It’s okay to feel overwhelmed; I’m here to help you find clarity, build resilience, and navigate the uncertainties of issues like emerging adulthood. Your journey is valid, and seeking guidance is a positive step towards understanding the complexities of this unique phase in life. Let’s work together to make your path clearer and more purposeful.
(410) 705-7708 View (410) 705-7708
Empowering Mindz, LLC
Pre-Licensed Professional, ANGELLA, MEd, MAC
Verified Verified
Catonsville, MD 21228
Empowering Mindz provides an innovative prevention and intervention program which targets specific functioning needs of individuals and families affected by chemical abuse or dependency. The program combines early intervention with comprehensive counseling services.
Empowering Mindz provides an innovative prevention and intervention program which targets specific functioning needs of individuals and families affected by chemical abuse or dependency. The program combines early intervention with comprehensive counseling services.
(443) 464-1528 View (443) 464-1528
Photo of Suburban Crossroads Counseling, Counselor in Catonsville, MD
Suburban Crossroads Counseling
Counselor
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Catonsville, MD 21228
We provide counseling and psychotherapy to individuals, couples, and families who may be facing emotional stress. This stress can be brought on by any major event in a person's life: loss, failure, illness, or tension between people who interact closely. Treatment is focused on helping people explore the problems being faced, and the options available to resolve them. According to their needs and interests, our clients may explore the integration of their spirituality and counseling or psychotherapy.
We provide counseling and psychotherapy to individuals, couples, and families who may be facing emotional stress. This stress can be brought on by any major event in a person's life: loss, failure, illness, or tension between people who interact closely. Treatment is focused on helping people explore the problems being faced, and the options available to resolve them. According to their needs and interests, our clients may explore the integration of their spirituality and counseling or psychotherapy.
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Photo of Lindsey Weller, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Catonsville, MD
Lindsey Weller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Catonsville, MD 21228  (Online Only)
Do you feel like you are not living your life to its full potential? Are you utilizing unhealthy coping strategies? If you are feeling unsure, worried, or not like yourself, you've come to the right place. I work with my clients to help them reach their optimal wellness. Together we reduce anxieties, build and mend relationships, and tackle anything life can throw at you. I use a strengths-based and solution-focused approach as well as a verity of techniques to meet each of my clients’ unique needs. www.Mindfulrecoverymd.com
Do you feel like you are not living your life to its full potential? Are you utilizing unhealthy coping strategies? If you are feeling unsure, worried, or not like yourself, you've come to the right place. I work with my clients to help them reach their optimal wellness. Together we reduce anxieties, build and mend relationships, and tackle anything life can throw at you. I use a strengths-based and solution-focused approach as well as a verity of techniques to meet each of my clients’ unique needs. www.Mindfulrecoverymd.com
(410) 695-4355 View (410) 695-4355
Photo of Alex Hind, Counselor in Catonsville, MD
Alex Hind
Counselor, MA, LGPC
Verified Verified
Catonsville, MD 21228  (Online Only)
Accepting new clients starting May 20th 2024! I believe that all people have their own inherent wisdom and as a counselor, I aim to support clients to embody their truest, most authentic self. I use a non-pathologizing model to support you to identify and understand your individualized needs. I find that understanding, empathy, and collaboration, with a focus on grounding in the here and now develops self compassion and acceptance. Often when we are in pain we have trouble accessing those parts of ourselves. Healing and recovery can happen within a safe and compassionate relationship and I aim to provide that container with you.
Accepting new clients starting May 20th 2024! I believe that all people have their own inherent wisdom and as a counselor, I aim to support clients to embody their truest, most authentic self. I use a non-pathologizing model to support you to identify and understand your individualized needs. I find that understanding, empathy, and collaboration, with a focus on grounding in the here and now develops self compassion and acceptance. Often when we are in pain we have trouble accessing those parts of ourselves. Healing and recovery can happen within a safe and compassionate relationship and I aim to provide that container with you.
(443) 565-6039 View (443) 565-6039

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Catonsville, MD

200+

Average cost per session

$145

Therapists in Catonsville, MD who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
85% Depression
78% Self Esteem
74% Coping Skills
69% Relationship Issues
65% Trauma and PTSD
63% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Cigna and Evernorth
72% CareFirst
71% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Catonsville, MD see their clients

51% In Person and Online
49% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
15% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Catonsville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.