Therapists in New York, NY

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Photo of Laura A MacDonald, Psychologist in New York, NY
Laura A MacDonald
Psychologist, MSEd, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10010
There are things that you have to deal with that are too difficult to take on by yourself. Unfortunately, it is not always clear which direction to take- you need someone to bounce ideas off of, someone who is objective and has the experience to help you find your way. I believe that you have the tools you need to make the changes that you need to make. My role as therapist is to help you find those tools within yourself and to learn trust yourself enough to use them.
There are things that you have to deal with that are too difficult to take on by yourself. Unfortunately, it is not always clear which direction to take- you need someone to bounce ideas off of, someone who is objective and has the experience to help you find your way. I believe that you have the tools you need to make the changes that you need to make. My role as therapist is to help you find those tools within yourself and to learn trust yourself enough to use them.
(646) 906-8289 View (646) 906-8289
Photo of Paul Moschetta, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Paul Moschetta
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10022
My practice focuses on Marriage Counseling, Couples Therapy and Individual Therapy. If you are in a committed relationship and having problems my training and experience will help close the emotional and sexual distance between you. I am a former editor to the Ladies Home Journal column "Can This Marriage be Saved?" and the author of three books on marriage. In individual therapy problems that cause anxiety, self doubt and stress are addressed. I offer insights and strategies to resolve personal issues so that your life has an ease of being, feels free and full, and less of a struggle.
My practice focuses on Marriage Counseling, Couples Therapy and Individual Therapy. If you are in a committed relationship and having problems my training and experience will help close the emotional and sexual distance between you. I am a former editor to the Ladies Home Journal column "Can This Marriage be Saved?" and the author of three books on marriage. In individual therapy problems that cause anxiety, self doubt and stress are addressed. I offer insights and strategies to resolve personal issues so that your life has an ease of being, feels free and full, and less of a struggle.
(646) 600-8046 View (646) 600-8046
Photo of Crissy Oules, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Crissy Oules
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10013
I am a licensed social worker utilizing a number of techniques to treat anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues, and health-related conditions. I believe that anyone can benefit from therapy. Setting aside time to process emotions can help to develop coping skills, self-compassion, and generally connect with your purpose in life. My approach to therapy draws from an eclectic mix of evidence-based practices to provide services that are both individualized and collaborative.
I am a licensed social worker utilizing a number of techniques to treat anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues, and health-related conditions. I believe that anyone can benefit from therapy. Setting aside time to process emotions can help to develop coping skills, self-compassion, and generally connect with your purpose in life. My approach to therapy draws from an eclectic mix of evidence-based practices to provide services that are both individualized and collaborative.
(347) 835-5731 View (347) 835-5731
Photo of Ana Maria Paniagua, Licensed Master Social Worker in New York, NY
Ana Maria Paniagua
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10016  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I encourage self-awareness, understanding, and acceptance of emotions while teaching you how to regulate them. I help you manage distress tolerance, learn effective communication, and how to create and maintain healthy boundaries. I believe that self-acceptance and self-love are key to a healthy self-esteem and a meaningful life. I combine psychotherapy with life skills, teaching you how to transition from maladaptive coping to effective coping skills.
I encourage self-awareness, understanding, and acceptance of emotions while teaching you how to regulate them. I help you manage distress tolerance, learn effective communication, and how to create and maintain healthy boundaries. I believe that self-acceptance and self-love are key to a healthy self-esteem and a meaningful life. I combine psychotherapy with life skills, teaching you how to transition from maladaptive coping to effective coping skills.
(929) 309-1898 View (929) 309-1898
Photo of Emily Abromowitz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Emily Abromowitz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
Emily values being a therapist because she believes in the power of therapy to improve one’s life. Whether you are feeling stuck in life, struggling to identify a true sense of self, or just curious about the therapy process, Emily is excited to meet you. She brings authenticity, warmth, and curiosity into every session and invites her clients to do the same. She understands that taking the brave step to start therapy can feel intimidating and is committed to cultivating a warm, non-judgmental space in which clients can explore and be curious about their inner worlds.
Emily values being a therapist because she believes in the power of therapy to improve one’s life. Whether you are feeling stuck in life, struggling to identify a true sense of self, or just curious about the therapy process, Emily is excited to meet you. She brings authenticity, warmth, and curiosity into every session and invites her clients to do the same. She understands that taking the brave step to start therapy can feel intimidating and is committed to cultivating a warm, non-judgmental space in which clients can explore and be curious about their inner worlds.
(347) 970-8519 View (347) 970-8519
Photo of Alyssa Zakaryan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Alyssa Zakaryan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10004  (Online Only)
Initial session is always free of charge. As a holistically-oriented mind-body psychotherapist, I provide a warm and affirming therapy experience dedicated to your healing and happiness. We will work together to help you get unstuck by addressing internal & external obstacles. This is your time to go beyond survival to thriving with a life that you love. I work with adults on issues such as procrastination, anxiety, sadness, depression, life transitions, boundary-setting, OCD, trauma, PTSD, abuse, feeling stuck - as well as managing ongoing stress stemming from work, housing, relationships, & family.
Initial session is always free of charge. As a holistically-oriented mind-body psychotherapist, I provide a warm and affirming therapy experience dedicated to your healing and happiness. We will work together to help you get unstuck by addressing internal & external obstacles. This is your time to go beyond survival to thriving with a life that you love. I work with adults on issues such as procrastination, anxiety, sadness, depression, life transitions, boundary-setting, OCD, trauma, PTSD, abuse, feeling stuck - as well as managing ongoing stress stemming from work, housing, relationships, & family.
(646) 461-7533 View (646) 461-7533
Photo of Christopher Stevenson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Christopher Stevenson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10010
So many of us desire to feel more connected, less anxious, and less alienated, but we simply do not know how to achieve this reality. This is especially true for some of us who have experienced attachment disruptions, or even more severe forms of trauma. Or, perhaps we see a path forward, but that path vanishes suddenly without warning and is replaced by malaise and renewed uncertainty, or, even worse, despair. Our work together will focus on developing that path in such a way where it will endure even in the face of adversity and the intrusion of the past into the present.
So many of us desire to feel more connected, less anxious, and less alienated, but we simply do not know how to achieve this reality. This is especially true for some of us who have experienced attachment disruptions, or even more severe forms of trauma. Or, perhaps we see a path forward, but that path vanishes suddenly without warning and is replaced by malaise and renewed uncertainty, or, even worse, despair. Our work together will focus on developing that path in such a way where it will endure even in the face of adversity and the intrusion of the past into the present.
(347) 697-4924 View (347) 697-4924
Photo of Estefanie Ceballo, Licensed Professional Counselor in New York, NY
Estefanie Ceballo
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC, LPC, NCC, CCTP, C-TFCBT
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10031  (Online Only)
Life can be challenging. We all experience ups and downs, and sometimes it can feel overwhelming. But you don't have to face it alone. At Aspire 2 Grow Mental Health Counseling PLLC, I understand everyone's journey is unique. I am here to offer you a helping hand, a listening ear, and a path toward healing. My experience as an empathetic therapist is dedicated to providing personalized care tailored to your needs through various evidence-based approaches, including talk therapy, mindfulness exercises, and integrative counseling approaches. Together we'll guide you toward self-discovery, resilience, and growth.
Life can be challenging. We all experience ups and downs, and sometimes it can feel overwhelming. But you don't have to face it alone. At Aspire 2 Grow Mental Health Counseling PLLC, I understand everyone's journey is unique. I am here to offer you a helping hand, a listening ear, and a path toward healing. My experience as an empathetic therapist is dedicated to providing personalized care tailored to your needs through various evidence-based approaches, including talk therapy, mindfulness exercises, and integrative counseling approaches. Together we'll guide you toward self-discovery, resilience, and growth.
(646) 798-8034 View (646) 798-8034
Photo of Jane Martin, Psychologist in New York, NY
Jane Martin
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
Psychotherapy offers help dealing with difficult life stages and events as well as an opportunity to understand oneself and important relationships. I work with adolescents and adults who struggle with relationship issues, depression, anxiety and stress, family conflicts, academic issues, and career problems. My approach is grounded in psychodynamic theory and my style is interactive. Crises and adjustment associated with the various life stages are a special focus in my psychotherapy practice.
Psychotherapy offers help dealing with difficult life stages and events as well as an opportunity to understand oneself and important relationships. I work with adolescents and adults who struggle with relationship issues, depression, anxiety and stress, family conflicts, academic issues, and career problems. My approach is grounded in psychodynamic theory and my style is interactive. Crises and adjustment associated with the various life stages are a special focus in my psychotherapy practice.
(646) 666-8443 View (646) 666-8443
Photo of Summer Drum, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Summer Drum
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001
Summer uses a client-centered, collaborative approach that draws from person-centered, psychodynamic, and feminist-multicultural modalities. Summer works with her clients to create a safe, compassionate, warm, and nonjudgmental space where clients can explore and express their authentic selves.
Summer uses a client-centered, collaborative approach that draws from person-centered, psychodynamic, and feminist-multicultural modalities. Summer works with her clients to create a safe, compassionate, warm, and nonjudgmental space where clients can explore and express their authentic selves.
(929) 470-2551 View (929) 470-2551
Photo of Jeremy Bissram, Psychologist in New York, NY
Jeremy Bissram
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
Challenging the roles society has placed on us can be really difficult, but when we break through these barriers to create our own identities, life can feel so meaningful. My passion is working with individuals and couples, especially people of colour, men, and the LGBTQ community, to re-define themselves into who they truly want to be. By helping individuals be their truest selves in relationships, I also help couples create a more balanced partnership.
Challenging the roles society has placed on us can be really difficult, but when we break through these barriers to create our own identities, life can feel so meaningful. My passion is working with individuals and couples, especially people of colour, men, and the LGBTQ community, to re-define themselves into who they truly want to be. By helping individuals be their truest selves in relationships, I also help couples create a more balanced partnership.
(332) 262-6978 View (332) 262-6978
Photo of Nancy Serling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Nancy Serling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
My private practice offers a warm and caring place to build skills and enhance personal growth. Therapy is a guided process of self-discovery. It provides access to develop and strengthen skills so that new, healthier thoughts and behaviors take the place of old unhealthy ones. My approach is determined by your needs. I pay attention to your strengths, guided by a belief that you already possess the ability to make things better. My style is down-to-earth and supportive, and I believe that active listening and feedback are essential so that you feel understood. Then we work together on identifying and reaching your goals.
My private practice offers a warm and caring place to build skills and enhance personal growth. Therapy is a guided process of self-discovery. It provides access to develop and strengthen skills so that new, healthier thoughts and behaviors take the place of old unhealthy ones. My approach is determined by your needs. I pay attention to your strengths, guided by a belief that you already possess the ability to make things better. My style is down-to-earth and supportive, and I believe that active listening and feedback are essential so that you feel understood. Then we work together on identifying and reaching your goals.
(646) 760-8555 View (646) 760-8555
Photo of Nikki Lawal, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Nikki Lawal
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10123  (Online Only)
My therapy sessions are focused on serving as a support and guide to my clients while creating a nonjudgmental setting to allow my clients the ability to express themselves freely. I collaboratively work together with my client in achieving their desired goals. My passion is to help my client recognize their strengths and to promote self-empowerment.
My therapy sessions are focused on serving as a support and guide to my clients while creating a nonjudgmental setting to allow my clients the ability to express themselves freely. I collaboratively work together with my client in achieving their desired goals. My passion is to help my client recognize their strengths and to promote self-empowerment.
(929) 499-2573 View (929) 499-2573
Photo of Heather Dean-Halvorson, Licensed Psychoanalyst in New York, NY
Heather Dean-Halvorson
Licensed Psychoanalyst, MA, LP
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
Not accepting new clients
**Unfortunately not accepting new patients at this time** I know that looking for a therapist is daunting. I am a certified and licensed psychoanalyst and I have been working with patients for almost a decade. I use a modern approach that assists you in learning to think and talk freely. Your experience of this kind of talking creates a conversation between us that in itself can be a transformative process. I create a safe and secure, non-judgmental space for you to come in, and find some comfort. My main goal is to make you comfortable, help you to talk, and together we'll figure it out.
**Unfortunately not accepting new patients at this time** I know that looking for a therapist is daunting. I am a certified and licensed psychoanalyst and I have been working with patients for almost a decade. I use a modern approach that assists you in learning to think and talk freely. Your experience of this kind of talking creates a conversation between us that in itself can be a transformative process. I create a safe and secure, non-judgmental space for you to come in, and find some comfort. My main goal is to make you comfortable, help you to talk, and together we'll figure it out.
(646) 663-5971 View (646) 663-5971
Photo of Ginger Villareal Armas, Psychologist in New York, NY
Ginger Villareal Armas
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10018  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Do you ever wonder why life seems so hard? OK, part of it may be obvious-- even TV commercials were pointing out how we live in "troubled times." But before our world became surreal, maybe you already had personal concerns. Maybe even before the double pandemic, divisive politics, and more, you've been exhausted. Maybe you've felt like a fraud. Maybe you've experienced loneliness or even despair. But you're not alone. What if you gave yourself space for connection, self-care, and exploration? Therapy is a space where you could be visible with a voice... a space for collaborating, healing, and transformation.
Do you ever wonder why life seems so hard? OK, part of it may be obvious-- even TV commercials were pointing out how we live in "troubled times." But before our world became surreal, maybe you already had personal concerns. Maybe even before the double pandemic, divisive politics, and more, you've been exhausted. Maybe you've felt like a fraud. Maybe you've experienced loneliness or even despair. But you're not alone. What if you gave yourself space for connection, self-care, and exploration? Therapy is a space where you could be visible with a voice... a space for collaborating, healing, and transformation.
(646) 880-9438 View (646) 880-9438
Photo of Maureen Clancy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Maureen Clancy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10023  (Online Only)
You're in the right place if you've experienced trauma earlier in your life AND you're now going through a big change. After trying regular talk therapy and doing it yourself, you still feel stuck in the same old patterns. Your body has reactions that you can't seem to control. You can't stop thinking about the past. Regular talk therapy and/or doing it on your own (DIY) may have made you feel more hopeless, helpless, stuck and lonely. It’s not your fault, though. The traditional methods are not designed to help you fully heal.
You're in the right place if you've experienced trauma earlier in your life AND you're now going through a big change. After trying regular talk therapy and doing it yourself, you still feel stuck in the same old patterns. Your body has reactions that you can't seem to control. You can't stop thinking about the past. Regular talk therapy and/or doing it on your own (DIY) may have made you feel more hopeless, helpless, stuck and lonely. It’s not your fault, though. The traditional methods are not designed to help you fully heal.
(718) 285-7111 View (718) 285-7111
Photo of Ben Bulmash, Licensed Psychoanalyst in New York, NY
Ben Bulmash
Licensed Psychoanalyst, MS, LP, NCPsyA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10019
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in relationship issues, anxiety, LGBTQIA issues, and trauma. My style is approachable and warm while open to challenge and complexity. Many of the adults and adolescents I meet with are looking to process challenging feelings, improve their relationships, and understand themselves better. Others are looking to heal trauma (complex trauma, sexual trauma, or PTSD), navigate addictions, compulsions, or work through intricate patterns that are depressing their development. Together, we will thoughtfully explore the distinct reason(s) you are pursuing psychotherapy.
I specialize in relationship issues, anxiety, LGBTQIA issues, and trauma. My style is approachable and warm while open to challenge and complexity. Many of the adults and adolescents I meet with are looking to process challenging feelings, improve their relationships, and understand themselves better. Others are looking to heal trauma (complex trauma, sexual trauma, or PTSD), navigate addictions, compulsions, or work through intricate patterns that are depressing their development. Together, we will thoughtfully explore the distinct reason(s) you are pursuing psychotherapy.
(347) 657-3761 View (347) 657-3761
Photo of Roxanna Alvarado in New York, NY
Roxanna Alvarado
MA, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10012  (Online Only)
I work with clients who are currently experiencing difficulties navigating trauma, depression, anxiety, and neurodivergence. I currently specialize in EMDR along with person-centered, cognitive, and mindfulness based approaches. One of my objectives is to help you develop a deeper and sturdier sense of self not rooted in your traumas or symptoms so that you can better make decision for yourself and better navigate the world around you without constantly feeling: angry, alone, triggered, emotional, or helpless. I strive to create a collaborative space that empowers you to live a life that feels meaningful, connected, and purposeful.
I work with clients who are currently experiencing difficulties navigating trauma, depression, anxiety, and neurodivergence. I currently specialize in EMDR along with person-centered, cognitive, and mindfulness based approaches. One of my objectives is to help you develop a deeper and sturdier sense of self not rooted in your traumas or symptoms so that you can better make decision for yourself and better navigate the world around you without constantly feeling: angry, alone, triggered, emotional, or helpless. I strive to create a collaborative space that empowers you to live a life that feels meaningful, connected, and purposeful.
(347) 431-0182 View (347) 431-0182
Photo of Amanda Phillips, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Amanda Phillips
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10065  (Online Only)
I use empathy and understanding to foster a collaborative practice. I specialize in life transitions, addiction, and neurodivergent needs. I am committed to supporting individuals on their journey towards healing and personal growth. One of the key aspects of therapy that I like to focus on is emotional regulation, which is crucial for overall mental and physical well-being. I've helped numerous clients manage stress, process trauma and cope with difficult situations.I teach practical strategies and prove a safe space for emotional expression, which empowers clients to develop a healthier relationship with their emotions.
I use empathy and understanding to foster a collaborative practice. I specialize in life transitions, addiction, and neurodivergent needs. I am committed to supporting individuals on their journey towards healing and personal growth. One of the key aspects of therapy that I like to focus on is emotional regulation, which is crucial for overall mental and physical well-being. I've helped numerous clients manage stress, process trauma and cope with difficult situations.I teach practical strategies and prove a safe space for emotional expression, which empowers clients to develop a healthier relationship with their emotions.
(646) 969-3335 View (646) 969-3335
Photo of Lucy Nonas-Barnes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Lucy Nonas-Barnes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10016
Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, depressed, or stressed out? Are you looking for ways to undertand how these emotions and experiences connect? I understand the challenges you may be facing and am here to support you every step of the way. I encourage my clients to work toward change while learning to accept and love themselves through validation and encouragement. I enter sessions with a non-judgmental mindset, encouraging clients to challenge judgments and reframe their thoughts when needed. I understand that every person has a different experience and values that the client is the expert in his/her/their own life.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, depressed, or stressed out? Are you looking for ways to undertand how these emotions and experiences connect? I understand the challenges you may be facing and am here to support you every step of the way. I encourage my clients to work toward change while learning to accept and love themselves through validation and encouragement. I enter sessions with a non-judgmental mindset, encouraging clients to challenge judgments and reframe their thoughts when needed. I understand that every person has a different experience and values that the client is the expert in his/her/their own life.
(929) 460-2025 View (929) 460-2025

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
62% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
60% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in New York, NY see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.