Therapists in Pittsfield, MA

Photo of Kate Banks, Pre-Licensed Professional in Pittsfield, MA
Kate Banks
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS MHC, MBA
Verified Verified
Pittsfield, MA 01201
Welcome. From a person-centered perspective, I work collaboratively with my clients. I meet you where you are and with you identify both the obstacles and the openings on the road toward your desired change. I am the observing guide who might form connections, challenge assumptions, or help you see what is calling to be seen. Present with what you share, I listen without judgment to your experience and its unique meaning for you. I am a psychotherapist who values the safety and sanctity inherent to the therapeutic relationship; one where you are met with genuineness and acceptance.
Welcome. From a person-centered perspective, I work collaboratively with my clients. I meet you where you are and with you identify both the obstacles and the openings on the road toward your desired change. I am the observing guide who might form connections, challenge assumptions, or help you see what is calling to be seen. Present with what you share, I listen without judgment to your experience and its unique meaning for you. I am a psychotherapist who values the safety and sanctity inherent to the therapeutic relationship; one where you are met with genuineness and acceptance.
(413) 225-4525 View (413) 225-4525
Photo of Kari Lisa Dupuis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsfield, MA
Kari Lisa Dupuis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LICSW
Verified Verified
Pittsfield, MA 01201
I welcome working with adolescents, adults and families. My professional background working at a number of social service and health organizations, and 16 years as a School Counselor. I believe that every client has unique strengths and will work in collaboration with you to develop therapeutic goals that are important and meaningful for you. In our sessions, we will work together to clarify your thoughts, feelings, needs and explore creative and realistic options for your concerns. Through this process, you can discover and decide on any changes you may choose to create your best life.
I welcome working with adolescents, adults and families. My professional background working at a number of social service and health organizations, and 16 years as a School Counselor. I believe that every client has unique strengths and will work in collaboration with you to develop therapeutic goals that are important and meaningful for you. In our sessions, we will work together to clarify your thoughts, feelings, needs and explore creative and realistic options for your concerns. Through this process, you can discover and decide on any changes you may choose to create your best life.
(413) 429-4374 View (413) 429-4374
Photo of Community First Therapy and Consulting, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsfield, MA
Community First Therapy and Consulting, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Pittsfield, MA 01201  (Online Only)
We are a local mental health provider in Berkshire County. We specialize in treating a variety of conditions and use a person centered, strength based approach. We are able to treat adolescents, adults, seniors, and couples. We accept a variety of insurances and can work with you if you have an insurance we are not contracted with. We have several therapists that are available to schedule appointments with you. You can learn more about our therapists and request an appointment online at: www.communityfirsttc.org
We are a local mental health provider in Berkshire County. We specialize in treating a variety of conditions and use a person centered, strength based approach. We are able to treat adolescents, adults, seniors, and couples. We accept a variety of insurances and can work with you if you have an insurance we are not contracted with. We have several therapists that are available to schedule appointments with you. You can learn more about our therapists and request an appointment online at: www.communityfirsttc.org
(413) 241-3719 View (413) 241-3719
Photo of Trudy Carl, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsfield, MA
Trudy Carl
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Pittsfield, MA 01201
Welcome, as you step into the realm of positive change and growth, you've embarked on a journey towards a brighter present and a thriving future. I am Trudy, LCSW (she/her/hers), a Licensed Clinical Social Worker dedicated to guiding individuals, families, and couples towards uncovering their innate wholeness amidst life's challenges. With over 15 years of experience, my practice encompasses a diverse range of specialties including developmental/relational trauma, life transitions, shame, anger, depression, anxiety, grief/loss, PTSD, incarceration/re-entry life stressors, academic/career related concerns, substance use and more.
Welcome, as you step into the realm of positive change and growth, you've embarked on a journey towards a brighter present and a thriving future. I am Trudy, LCSW (she/her/hers), a Licensed Clinical Social Worker dedicated to guiding individuals, families, and couples towards uncovering their innate wholeness amidst life's challenges. With over 15 years of experience, my practice encompasses a diverse range of specialties including developmental/relational trauma, life transitions, shame, anger, depression, anxiety, grief/loss, PTSD, incarceration/re-entry life stressors, academic/career related concerns, substance use and more.
(413) 414-4904 View (413) 414-4904
Photo of Jim Mucia, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsfield, MA
Jim Mucia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Pittsfield, MA 01201
My Interventions are evidenced based and time tested in years of practice. I work with anxiety and depression with sub-specialties in addictions, sport psychology and chronic pain management. I also specialize in couples and family therapy. Thank you for viewing my profile. I am more than happy to answer any questions you might have, please feel free to call.
My Interventions are evidenced based and time tested in years of practice. I work with anxiety and depression with sub-specialties in addictions, sport psychology and chronic pain management. I also specialize in couples and family therapy. Thank you for viewing my profile. I am more than happy to answer any questions you might have, please feel free to call.
(413) 418-3827 View (413) 418-3827
Photo of Samuel Utz, Counselor in Pittsfield, MA
Samuel Utz
Counselor, LMHC, PMH-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsfield, MA 01201
If you struggle with intrusive thoughts, checking, reassurance seeking, anxiety, obsessions, or compulsions that are impairing your daily life, I may be able to help you. If you are struggling with the challenges of pregnancy, early parenthood, other perinatal stressors, I may be able to help.My two main specialties include diagnosis and treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and perinatal/postpartum mental health issues. I also treat individuals with anxiety, depression, bereavement, trauma, and mood disorders.
If you struggle with intrusive thoughts, checking, reassurance seeking, anxiety, obsessions, or compulsions that are impairing your daily life, I may be able to help you. If you are struggling with the challenges of pregnancy, early parenthood, other perinatal stressors, I may be able to help.My two main specialties include diagnosis and treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and perinatal/postpartum mental health issues. I also treat individuals with anxiety, depression, bereavement, trauma, and mood disorders.
(413) 331-7690 View (413) 331-7690
Photo of Danielle Saltamartini, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsfield, MA
Danielle Saltamartini
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Pittsfield, MA 01201
Available daytime virtual appointments. As a therapist, I aim to help my clients achieve and maintain the best version of themselves. My hope is that through the power of the therapeutic relationship, clients are able to be vulnerable, explore their authentic selves, and learn the tools necessary to help them cope with the struggles in their daily lives and relationships. Through the reflection on past experiences and the exploration of present thoughts, behaviors, and emotions, I work to help my clients gain insight and facilitate change in their lives.
Available daytime virtual appointments. As a therapist, I aim to help my clients achieve and maintain the best version of themselves. My hope is that through the power of the therapeutic relationship, clients are able to be vulnerable, explore their authentic selves, and learn the tools necessary to help them cope with the struggles in their daily lives and relationships. Through the reflection on past experiences and the exploration of present thoughts, behaviors, and emotions, I work to help my clients gain insight and facilitate change in their lives.
(413) 251-6430 View (413) 251-6430
Photo of Farrah Colon, Pre-Licensed Professional in Pittsfield, MA
Farrah Colon
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Pittsfield, MA 01201  (Online Only)
Life presents its fair share of challenges, and there are times when we can benefit from some extra support. Using evidence-based therapeutic methods, I'm here to assist you in developing coping skills that will enable you to lead a more fulfilling and peaceful life, one that you truly deserve. Whether you aim to achieve a new personal goal or heal from past traumas, rest assured that I offer a non-judgmental and encouraging environment. My goal is to guide you toward becoming the best version of yourself!
Life presents its fair share of challenges, and there are times when we can benefit from some extra support. Using evidence-based therapeutic methods, I'm here to assist you in developing coping skills that will enable you to lead a more fulfilling and peaceful life, one that you truly deserve. Whether you aim to achieve a new personal goal or heal from past traumas, rest assured that I offer a non-judgmental and encouraging environment. My goal is to guide you toward becoming the best version of yourself!
(888) 454-2439 View (888) 454-2439
Photo of Lorraine Brill, Counselor in Pittsfield, MA
Lorraine Brill
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Pittsfield, MA 01201  (Online Only)
I work with individuals who want to improve the quality of their lives and couples who are having difficulty with communication or resolving conflict. My work is to understand the difficulties in the context of the whole person. Together we identify and remove the obstacles that interfere with having a more meaningful life.
I work with individuals who want to improve the quality of their lives and couples who are having difficulty with communication or resolving conflict. My work is to understand the difficulties in the context of the whole person. Together we identify and remove the obstacles that interfere with having a more meaningful life.
(413) 650-6570 View (413) 650-6570
Photo of Joshua P Miesmer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsfield, MA
Joshua P Miesmer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Pittsfield, MA 01201
The primary focus of my work with clients is to listen to and understand each person as they are, with the intention of forming a therapeutic relationship that allows for healing, growth and transformation. My approach is based on the belief that people deserve to know more about themselves, and that this can help them to connect with others, to experience less suffering and to overcome obstacles that limit their enjoyment of life. I will offer an atmosphere of empathy and respect, along with insights and observations based on your specific situation and needs.
The primary focus of my work with clients is to listen to and understand each person as they are, with the intention of forming a therapeutic relationship that allows for healing, growth and transformation. My approach is based on the belief that people deserve to know more about themselves, and that this can help them to connect with others, to experience less suffering and to overcome obstacles that limit their enjoyment of life. I will offer an atmosphere of empathy and respect, along with insights and observations based on your specific situation and needs.
(413) 287-9781 View (413) 287-9781
Photo of Nick Kelley in Pittsfield, MA
Nick Kelley
MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsfield, MA 01201  (Online Only)
I am a PEERS (R) Certified Adolescent and Telehealth Provider who facilitates individual and group evidence-based social and relational skills training for adolescents and adults in the autism spectrum or with related developmental and learning challenges. PEERS (R), which stands for the Program for the Evaluation and Enrichment of Relational Skills, was developed at the UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and is the only evidence-based skills training program of its kind. It's intended specifically for use with neurodiverse populations. I provide PEERS (R) training virtually.
I am a PEERS (R) Certified Adolescent and Telehealth Provider who facilitates individual and group evidence-based social and relational skills training for adolescents and adults in the autism spectrum or with related developmental and learning challenges. PEERS (R), which stands for the Program for the Evaluation and Enrichment of Relational Skills, was developed at the UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and is the only evidence-based skills training program of its kind. It's intended specifically for use with neurodiverse populations. I provide PEERS (R) training virtually.
(413) 300-2217 View (413) 300-2217
Photo of Morgan Jasewicz, Pre-Licensed Professional in Pittsfield, MA
Morgan Jasewicz
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS MHC
Verified Verified
Pittsfield, MA 01201  (Online Only)
I leverage the knowledge and stories of those I work with to help individuals gain insight, self-compassion, and acceptance in response to the obstacles that inevitably arise in life. These issues range from navigating relationship or adjustment difficulties to supporting clients with complex trauma. My intention is for individuals to be better able to create space for the future rather than the past alone and strengthen their capacity to overcome current difficulties. I have a special interest in attachment-based issues and support clients in identifying patterns that may be masking one's authentic self.
I leverage the knowledge and stories of those I work with to help individuals gain insight, self-compassion, and acceptance in response to the obstacles that inevitably arise in life. These issues range from navigating relationship or adjustment difficulties to supporting clients with complex trauma. My intention is for individuals to be better able to create space for the future rather than the past alone and strengthen their capacity to overcome current difficulties. I have a special interest in attachment-based issues and support clients in identifying patterns that may be masking one's authentic self.
View
Photo of Cate Wolff in Pittsfield, MA
Cate Wolff
MEd , TCTSY-F
Verified Verified
Pittsfield, MA 01201
It is possible for all people to affect change in their lives, and to feel more contentment and empowerment, no matter your age or how long you have been struggling. Congratulations on having the courage to reach out. We all need support in navigating life and asking for help is the first step in that direction. The individuals and couples that are seeking my services are looking for guidance in communicating with family members and significant others, decision-making, coping with depression and anxiety, challenging patterns due to past trauma, and support in making changes in any area of life.
It is possible for all people to affect change in their lives, and to feel more contentment and empowerment, no matter your age or how long you have been struggling. Congratulations on having the courage to reach out. We all need support in navigating life and asking for help is the first step in that direction. The individuals and couples that are seeking my services are looking for guidance in communicating with family members and significant others, decision-making, coping with depression and anxiety, challenging patterns due to past trauma, and support in making changes in any area of life.
(413) 344-2209 View (413) 344-2209
Photo of Tri-State Psychotherapy Group, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsfield, MA
Tri-State Psychotherapy Group
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsfield, MA 01201
We Serve Clients in MA, NY, and CT! Visit our website to request a consultation. Our ideal client may be navigating the challenges of depression, anxiety, ADHD, or experiencing the impacts of trauma, including PTSD/C-PTSD. They could be college students facing academic stress, parents managing family dynamics, individuals adjusting to career changes, or anyone in the midst of personal growth. Their goals include seeking understanding, healing, and strategies to improve their mental health and well-being. They desire a compassionate space where their unique experiences are understood and valued.
We Serve Clients in MA, NY, and CT! Visit our website to request a consultation. Our ideal client may be navigating the challenges of depression, anxiety, ADHD, or experiencing the impacts of trauma, including PTSD/C-PTSD. They could be college students facing academic stress, parents managing family dynamics, individuals adjusting to career changes, or anyone in the midst of personal growth. Their goals include seeking understanding, healing, and strategies to improve their mental health and well-being. They desire a compassionate space where their unique experiences are understood and valued.
(413) 269-5589 View (413) 269-5589
Photo of Edward Perrotti-Sousis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsfield, MA
Edward Perrotti-Sousis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pittsfield, MA 01201  (Online Only)
Limited slots available! As a therapist, my goal is to build a trusting relationship with clients to empower them to achieve positive change in their lives and reach their therapeutic goals. I take a structured approach to therapy utilizing the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Model. My job is to help you find the courage to move forward and challenge yourself in ways that are difficult to do alone. It is through this partnership that you will achieve the results you are looking for!
Limited slots available! As a therapist, my goal is to build a trusting relationship with clients to empower them to achieve positive change in their lives and reach their therapeutic goals. I take a structured approach to therapy utilizing the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Model. My job is to help you find the courage to move forward and challenge yourself in ways that are difficult to do alone. It is through this partnership that you will achieve the results you are looking for!
(413) 613-4507 View (413) 613-4507
Photo of Holistic Wellness & Healing, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsfield, MA
Holistic Wellness & Healing, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Pittsfield, MA 01201  (Online Only)
Experiencing struggles with perinatal or postpartum mental health (depression, anxiety, psychosis)? Needing to heal from miscarriage or infant/child loss? Wanting to find space to work on disordered eating, body acceptance and self-worth? Have a history of trauma (childhood abuse, sexual assault, domestic violence)? Looking to heal and find peace of mind? To feel seen and be heard? Connect with Danielle Shumway, Holistic Wellness & Healing, and start your journey today!
Experiencing struggles with perinatal or postpartum mental health (depression, anxiety, psychosis)? Needing to heal from miscarriage or infant/child loss? Wanting to find space to work on disordered eating, body acceptance and self-worth? Have a history of trauma (childhood abuse, sexual assault, domestic violence)? Looking to heal and find peace of mind? To feel seen and be heard? Connect with Danielle Shumway, Holistic Wellness & Healing, and start your journey today!
(413) 358-4418 View (413) 358-4418
Photo of Berns Robert Mimnaugh, Psychologist in Pittsfield, MA
Berns Robert Mimnaugh
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Pittsfield, MA 01201
Although I have worked with all age groups with varying types and degrees of problem, my current focus has been in depression, anxiety, substance abuse, the elderly, life coaching and sports psychology. My orientation is humanistic with a strong background in dynamic psychology and ego theory. My approach is spiritual without being particularly religious, based on Christian and Eastern philosophies.
Although I have worked with all age groups with varying types and degrees of problem, my current focus has been in depression, anxiety, substance abuse, the elderly, life coaching and sports psychology. My orientation is humanistic with a strong background in dynamic psychology and ego theory. My approach is spiritual without being particularly religious, based on Christian and Eastern philosophies.
(413) 579-6208 View (413) 579-6208
Photo of Kathy Davis-Gillette, PhD, New Inspiration LLC, Psychologist in Pittsfield, MA
Kathy Davis-Gillette, PhD, New Inspiration LLC
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Pittsfield, MA 01201  (Online Only)
Joy. Self-Esteem. Confidence. Fulfillment. Do you ever feel as if something is missing in your Life––either as an individual or couple? If so, let’s join together and find the missing pieces. As a Team, we’ll take an objective look at your Life and your desires. Then we’ll put together a personal Action Plan that will show the way to a more complete and happier You! The possibilities are endless once you take the first step!
Joy. Self-Esteem. Confidence. Fulfillment. Do you ever feel as if something is missing in your Life––either as an individual or couple? If so, let’s join together and find the missing pieces. As a Team, we’ll take an objective look at your Life and your desires. Then we’ll put together a personal Action Plan that will show the way to a more complete and happier You! The possibilities are endless once you take the first step!
(339) 230-6200 View (339) 230-6200
Photo of Life Strategies Consulting: Life/FitnessCoaching., Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Pittsfield, MA
Life Strategies Consulting: Life/FitnessCoaching.
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MS, LADC 1, CASAC-G, PhDc, C-LC
Verified Verified
Pittsfield, MA 01201  (Online Only)
Imagine living a life where you can achieve anything you desire. As a Life Coach, my goal is to help you uncover your true potential and lead a life worth celebrating. I provide support and guidance to transform the issues holding you back from reaching your goals. I specialize in transforming the issues that stand in the way of your goals. Whether you're looking to excel in your career, boost your relationships, or find inner fulfillment, I will be by your side every step of the way. Don't let fear or self-sabotage hold you back any longer. It's time to break free and embrace the life you deserve. Today is the day to invest in you
Imagine living a life where you can achieve anything you desire. As a Life Coach, my goal is to help you uncover your true potential and lead a life worth celebrating. I provide support and guidance to transform the issues holding you back from reaching your goals. I specialize in transforming the issues that stand in the way of your goals. Whether you're looking to excel in your career, boost your relationships, or find inner fulfillment, I will be by your side every step of the way. Don't let fear or self-sabotage hold you back any longer. It's time to break free and embrace the life you deserve. Today is the day to invest in you
(413) 300-6543 View (413) 300-6543
Photo of Dorothy Mack, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pittsfield, MA
Dorothy Mack
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Pittsfield, MA 01201
Not accepting new clients
I am a licensed independent social worker with over 11 years of experience. I provide person-centered care for adults and older adolescents struggling with mood and anxiety disorders, PTSD, complex trauma, problems with adjustment or life transitions, and relationship struggles.
I am a licensed independent social worker with over 11 years of experience. I provide person-centered care for adults and older adolescents struggling with mood and anxiety disorders, PTSD, complex trauma, problems with adjustment or life transitions, and relationship struggles.
(413) 200-3538 View (413) 200-3538

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Pittsfield, MA

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Pittsfield, MA who prioritize treating:

87% Anxiety
80% Depression
72% Relationship Issues
72% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
63% Grief

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

90% BlueCross and BlueShield
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
59% Aetna

How Therapists in Pittsfield, MA see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
25% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Pittsfield?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.