Therapists in Cleveland, TN

Photo of Amanda Jo Teague in Cleveland, TN
Amanda Jo Teague
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cleveland, TN 37312
Hello! I am Amanda. I am American born but British trained. In my office, I offer you holistic therapy services with a cup of tea. I use a strength-based perspective to support you to make the most of your current strengths and resources. I am trained to work with individuals from a variety of spiritual paths. I have a collaborative approach. We will work together to create a holistic treatment plan that works for you. I will use a combination of therapy modalities that work best for improving your specific circumstances and play to your natural strengths.
Hello! I am Amanda. I am American born but British trained. In my office, I offer you holistic therapy services with a cup of tea. I use a strength-based perspective to support you to make the most of your current strengths and resources. I am trained to work with individuals from a variety of spiritual paths. I have a collaborative approach. We will work together to create a holistic treatment plan that works for you. I will use a combination of therapy modalities that work best for improving your specific circumstances and play to your natural strengths.
(423) 455-2038 View (423) 455-2038
Photo of Fred J. Smith Jr. in Cleveland, TN
Fred J. Smith Jr.
MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cleveland, TN 37311
I love working with people and especially enjoy offering help to the grieving, hurting, confused and overwhelmed. I am a certified facilitator of the Marriage and Pre-Marital program "Prepare/Enrich" and have worked with countless couples to restore, enhance and enrich their marriage relationships. I have worked with hundreds of college students, teens, adolescent's and their parents since April of 1987. I offer a faith-based approach in counseling but likewise respect the wishes of clients that prefer a non-faith, CBT method at my personal office, and work in a clinical setting under supervision at HMS.
I love working with people and especially enjoy offering help to the grieving, hurting, confused and overwhelmed. I am a certified facilitator of the Marriage and Pre-Marital program "Prepare/Enrich" and have worked with countless couples to restore, enhance and enrich their marriage relationships. I have worked with hundreds of college students, teens, adolescent's and their parents since April of 1987. I offer a faith-based approach in counseling but likewise respect the wishes of clients that prefer a non-faith, CBT method at my personal office, and work in a clinical setting under supervision at HMS.
(423) 455-0979 View (423) 455-0979
Photo of Claude J Bowden, Pre-Licensed Professional in Cleveland, TN
Claude J Bowden
Pre-Licensed Professional, DMin, MACMHC
Verified Verified
Cleveland, TN 37311
Do you feel misunderstood? I have personally experienced and overcome addiction, marital failure, spiritual uncertainty, and feelings of hopelessness. I understand the fear and anxiety that come with seeing no way out, like you are alone in your despair. My goal is to guide the individual, couple, or family to function effectively. Together we can take steps to achieve what you once believed to be impossible.
Do you feel misunderstood? I have personally experienced and overcome addiction, marital failure, spiritual uncertainty, and feelings of hopelessness. I understand the fear and anxiety that come with seeing no way out, like you are alone in your despair. My goal is to guide the individual, couple, or family to function effectively. Together we can take steps to achieve what you once believed to be impossible.
(423) 454-3209 View (423) 454-3209
Photo of Julie A Hook, Licensed Master Social Worker in Cleveland, TN
Julie A Hook
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cleveland, TN 37312
Not accepting new clients
Everyone has a story that is part of their journey in life. I work with people to recognize their potential and overcome life's issues by meeting them where they're at, and helping individuals realize that our past does not define us. I specialize in working with people that have struggled with addiction, trauma, self esteem, depression, anxiety, and relationship issues. I know that therapy is different for everyone so I like to use different approaches that are unique to client such as CBT, Motivational interviewing, Solution focused approach, and many more.
Everyone has a story that is part of their journey in life. I work with people to recognize their potential and overcome life's issues by meeting them where they're at, and helping individuals realize that our past does not define us. I specialize in working with people that have struggled with addiction, trauma, self esteem, depression, anxiety, and relationship issues. I know that therapy is different for everyone so I like to use different approaches that are unique to client such as CBT, Motivational interviewing, Solution focused approach, and many more.
(423) 537-6430 View (423) 537-6430
Photo of Carpe Diem Self Improvement Center, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cleveland, TN
Carpe Diem Self Improvement Center, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Cleveland, TN 37312
I understand that life doesn't always go as we planned. But unwanted changes don't define us. I see adaptation as one of our greatest abilities. I believe that we are all are entitled to unconditional positive regard and to be met where we are at in the quest to live our best life. I use a Client-centered approach to ensure we progress at a pace that is comfortable for you and helps you bring about your own positive changes.
I understand that life doesn't always go as we planned. But unwanted changes don't define us. I see adaptation as one of our greatest abilities. I believe that we are all are entitled to unconditional positive regard and to be met where we are at in the quest to live our best life. I use a Client-centered approach to ensure we progress at a pace that is comfortable for you and helps you bring about your own positive changes.
(423) 641-8519 View (423) 641-8519
Photo of Steve Knapp, Licensed Professional Counselor in Cleveland, TN
Steve Knapp
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Cleveland, TN 37312
Pain is an unavoidable reality in life, but it does not have to have the final word. If we are willing to step into our emerging story, new possibilities of healing and growth become achievable and lead us towards a more meaningful life. Whether it is dealing with the effects of trauma or other negative past life events, persistent or recurrent painful emotions, or a difficult season of life, we all have times where it is hard to find the path forward. But there is a path forward, especially when we are willing to reach out for help.
Pain is an unavoidable reality in life, but it does not have to have the final word. If we are willing to step into our emerging story, new possibilities of healing and growth become achievable and lead us towards a more meaningful life. Whether it is dealing with the effects of trauma or other negative past life events, persistent or recurrent painful emotions, or a difficult season of life, we all have times where it is hard to find the path forward. But there is a path forward, especially when we are willing to reach out for help.
(423) 345-9381 View (423) 345-9381
Photo of Kirstee Williams, Marriage & Family Therapist in Cleveland, TN
Kirstee Williams
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT, AAMFT
Verified Verified
Cleveland, TN 37311
Waitlist for new clients
Hope, healing and a future are possible. As a couples relationship expert, I specialize in the complex issues of sexual wellness and trauma resolution. I treat a wide range of sexual health concerns from performance anxiety, to infertility, painful sex and affair recovery. I also specialize in complex trauma resolution utilizing EMDR. In particular weight management issues that stem from childhood sexual abuse. Each situation is unique and together we will create a treatment plan that works for you.
Hope, healing and a future are possible. As a couples relationship expert, I specialize in the complex issues of sexual wellness and trauma resolution. I treat a wide range of sexual health concerns from performance anxiety, to infertility, painful sex and affair recovery. I also specialize in complex trauma resolution utilizing EMDR. In particular weight management issues that stem from childhood sexual abuse. Each situation is unique and together we will create a treatment plan that works for you.
(423) 393-2591 View (423) 393-2591
Photo of Candice Milligan, Licensed Professional Counselor in Cleveland, TN
Candice Milligan
Licensed Professional Counselor, NCC, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Cleveland, TN 37311
Not accepting new clients
Young children experience many of the same emotions adults do. However, Children have a hard time communicating and expressing their feelings due to not understanding how or why they feel the way they do. Having an emotional vocabulary and finding solutions to dealing with these emotions are goals that can be used throughout Counseling. Children and adolescents need a place to be able to express themselves, understand why they feel the way they do. Candice has training and experience in working with children and adolescents ages 5-18 with anxiety, anger, trauma, divorce, depression, behavioral issues.
Young children experience many of the same emotions adults do. However, Children have a hard time communicating and expressing their feelings due to not understanding how or why they feel the way they do. Having an emotional vocabulary and finding solutions to dealing with these emotions are goals that can be used throughout Counseling. Children and adolescents need a place to be able to express themselves, understand why they feel the way they do. Candice has training and experience in working with children and adolescents ages 5-18 with anxiety, anger, trauma, divorce, depression, behavioral issues.
(423) 380-0703 View (423) 380-0703
Photo of Hanna Marino, Pre-Licensed Professional in Cleveland, TN
Hanna Marino
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, MFT-I, AAMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Cleveland, TN 37311
Waitlist for new clients
Hello! I am so glad you're here! I work with LGBTQ+, Couples, Individuals & Families through a variety of life hardships. If you’re dealing with Trauma/PTSD, religious trauma, spirituality issues, communication, life transitions, conflict, sexual concerns, sexuality, anxiety, anger, teenage struggles, self-esteem/identity, or any other issues, you deserve a safe space to process through them. When you come to my office you will not simply get a trained professional, but a human who feels deeply with other humans. "Know all the theories, master all the techniques, but as you touch a human soul be another human soul". - Carl Jung.
Hello! I am so glad you're here! I work with LGBTQ+, Couples, Individuals & Families through a variety of life hardships. If you’re dealing with Trauma/PTSD, religious trauma, spirituality issues, communication, life transitions, conflict, sexual concerns, sexuality, anxiety, anger, teenage struggles, self-esteem/identity, or any other issues, you deserve a safe space to process through them. When you come to my office you will not simply get a trained professional, but a human who feels deeply with other humans. "Know all the theories, master all the techniques, but as you touch a human soul be another human soul". - Carl Jung.
(423) 919-9397 View (423) 919-9397
Photo of Candace Papke, Counselor in Cleveland, TN
Candace Papke
Counselor, MA, LPC, LMHC, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Cleveland, TN 37312  (Online Only)
It feels like no one understands you. You try to communicate your needs and in turn feel like you are crazy for even sharing. You scroll social media and see others who appear to have it all together and have no worries. You just want to not feel alone. You've done all that you can and feel like you're stuck. But there is help - you don't have to handle it alone. I can work with you and provide you with the support you need.
It feels like no one understands you. You try to communicate your needs and in turn feel like you are crazy for even sharing. You scroll social media and see others who appear to have it all together and have no worries. You just want to not feel alone. You've done all that you can and feel like you're stuck. But there is help - you don't have to handle it alone. I can work with you and provide you with the support you need.
(423) 454-3856 View (423) 454-3856
Photo of Christine Lawson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Cleveland, TN
Christine Lawson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MACMHC, MDiv, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Cleveland, TN 37311  (Online Only)
Depression and anxiety can really affect every area of your life. Reaching out to seek help is sometimes hard, but it is an important step in self-care and healing. My name is Christine Lawson, and in addition to anxiety and depression, I have worked with those who are in crisis due to self-harming behaviors as well as thoughts of suicide. With 15+ years of experience as a special education teacher before refocusing on counseling in 2019, I have also worked extensively with autism, ADHD, learning disabilities and behavior disorders. If you need a safe space to work on those things that are blocking your joy, I'm here for you.
Depression and anxiety can really affect every area of your life. Reaching out to seek help is sometimes hard, but it is an important step in self-care and healing. My name is Christine Lawson, and in addition to anxiety and depression, I have worked with those who are in crisis due to self-harming behaviors as well as thoughts of suicide. With 15+ years of experience as a special education teacher before refocusing on counseling in 2019, I have also worked extensively with autism, ADHD, learning disabilities and behavior disorders. If you need a safe space to work on those things that are blocking your joy, I'm here for you.
(423) 523-8805 View (423) 523-8805
Photo of Alexys Morris, Pre-Licensed Professional in Cleveland, TN
Alexys Morris
Pre-Licensed Professional, MFTI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cleveland, TN 37311
I consider it a privilege to walk alongside others on their journey toward self-discovery and healing. Whether you've carried these wounds for as long as you can remember, or are grappling with recent life difficulties, I'm here to support you. Creating a safe and inclusive space is of utmost importance to me, and I am a devoted ally to the LGBTQ+ community. My passion lies in helping others navigate through various challenges, including grief, stress, anxiety, religious trauma and deconstruction, divorce, relationship difficulties, attachment wounds, and gender and sexuality issues. I have immediate availability!
I consider it a privilege to walk alongside others on their journey toward self-discovery and healing. Whether you've carried these wounds for as long as you can remember, or are grappling with recent life difficulties, I'm here to support you. Creating a safe and inclusive space is of utmost importance to me, and I am a devoted ally to the LGBTQ+ community. My passion lies in helping others navigate through various challenges, including grief, stress, anxiety, religious trauma and deconstruction, divorce, relationship difficulties, attachment wounds, and gender and sexuality issues. I have immediate availability!
(423) 414-4924 View (423) 414-4924
Photo of Nona Kelly, Marriage & Family Therapist in Cleveland, TN
Nona Kelly
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Cleveland, TN 37312
Nona Kelly is a Licensed Marriage and Family therapist (LMFT) with over 20 years of experience in both the public and private sector. Nona enjoys working with individuals, couples, and families who are wanting a healthier life. She has extensive experience treating many issues and diagnoses, including depression and anxiety, women’s issues, family issues, addiction, and life transitions. Nona completed her master’s degree at Loma Linda University and is licensed both in California and Tennessee.
Nona Kelly is a Licensed Marriage and Family therapist (LMFT) with over 20 years of experience in both the public and private sector. Nona enjoys working with individuals, couples, and families who are wanting a healthier life. She has extensive experience treating many issues and diagnoses, including depression and anxiety, women’s issues, family issues, addiction, and life transitions. Nona completed her master’s degree at Loma Linda University and is licensed both in California and Tennessee.
(423) 380-1893 View (423) 380-1893
Photo of Dr. Rob England, Marriage & Family Therapist in Cleveland, TN
Dr. Rob England
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cleveland, TN 37312
Family. This word may bring up feelings of warmth, or it may bring up feelings of anxiety, suffering, or helplessness. You want to reclaim the feelings of safety, security, contentment, peace, and love that once accompanied your hopes or thoughts of what your family could be. Or maybe your goal is to start off on the right foot, with your recent or upcoming marriage, or to ensure that your child is off to an emotionally healthy start in their younger years. Whichever the case, healthy families require focus, intentional work, and can sometimes use outside assistance from a caring professional.
Family. This word may bring up feelings of warmth, or it may bring up feelings of anxiety, suffering, or helplessness. You want to reclaim the feelings of safety, security, contentment, peace, and love that once accompanied your hopes or thoughts of what your family could be. Or maybe your goal is to start off on the right foot, with your recent or upcoming marriage, or to ensure that your child is off to an emotionally healthy start in their younger years. Whichever the case, healthy families require focus, intentional work, and can sometimes use outside assistance from a caring professional.
(423) 689-1800 View (423) 689-1800
Photo of Beth Houle, Marriage & Family Therapist in Cleveland, TN
Beth Houle
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT-S
Verified Verified
Cleveland, TN 37312
Not accepting new clients
Families, relationships and connections with others impact your quality of life, mental health, and physical health. Relationships cause great joy and unfortunately can cause great pain when they are toxic or off track. Are past relationships haunting your current relationship or self-image? Do you have difficulty forming or maintaining relationships with friends or significant others? Suffered abuse or abandonment in a relationship? Experiencing grief from the loss of a loved one? Have you experienced infidelity in your marriage? These difficult experiences can feel like they define you and become overwhelming at times, but there is hope!
Families, relationships and connections with others impact your quality of life, mental health, and physical health. Relationships cause great joy and unfortunately can cause great pain when they are toxic or off track. Are past relationships haunting your current relationship or self-image? Do you have difficulty forming or maintaining relationships with friends or significant others? Suffered abuse or abandonment in a relationship? Experiencing grief from the loss of a loved one? Have you experienced infidelity in your marriage? These difficult experiences can feel like they define you and become overwhelming at times, but there is hope!
(423) 388-4165 View (423) 388-4165
Photo of Jessie Culpepper, Counselor in Cleveland, TN
Jessie Culpepper
Counselor, MS
Verified Verified
Cleveland, TN 37312  (Online Only)
I have a Masters in counseling and my goal in life is to help people heal and become whole.
I have a Masters in counseling and my goal in life is to help people heal and become whole.
(423) 561-3639 View (423) 561-3639
Photo of Aptitude Behavioral Services, LLC in Cleveland, TN
Aptitude Behavioral Services, LLC
MEd, BCBA, LBA
Verified Verified
Cleveland, TN 37312
Waitlist for new clients
I started Aptitude Behavioral Services, LLC to service school-age children in the East TN area. I love working with children through pre-teen ages and have also worked with a few higher-functioning teenagers. My typical day involves working with families that face challenges with behavior and working directly with children to decrease these behaviors while building skill deficits. I enjoy including family in my sessions and want to empower caregivers and family members so that they are equipped to handle behavioral challenges.
I started Aptitude Behavioral Services, LLC to service school-age children in the East TN area. I love working with children through pre-teen ages and have also worked with a few higher-functioning teenagers. My typical day involves working with families that face challenges with behavior and working directly with children to decrease these behaviors while building skill deficits. I enjoy including family in my sessions and want to empower caregivers and family members so that they are equipped to handle behavioral challenges.
(423) 438-1372 View (423) 438-1372
Photo of Hannah Fraser, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Cleveland, TN
Hannah Fraser
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MFTI
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Cleveland, TN 37312
Hello! I am a therapist that specializes in family therapy and therapy for children and teens ages 3-18. I also enjoy working with adults of all ages who are experiencing grief. I believe that children and families are exceptionally resilient. However, there are times when circumstances become too overwhelming to bear alone. Children may have difficulty sharing their emotions verbally and will instead act out, causing stress in the family. My passion is creating a safe space for healing to occur. I have worked with children and families experiencing anxiety, depression, autism (levels 1 and 2), trauma, grief, divorce, and more.
Hello! I am a therapist that specializes in family therapy and therapy for children and teens ages 3-18. I also enjoy working with adults of all ages who are experiencing grief. I believe that children and families are exceptionally resilient. However, there are times when circumstances become too overwhelming to bear alone. Children may have difficulty sharing their emotions verbally and will instead act out, causing stress in the family. My passion is creating a safe space for healing to occur. I have worked with children and families experiencing anxiety, depression, autism (levels 1 and 2), trauma, grief, divorce, and more.
(423) 455-9751 View (423) 455-9751
Photo of Hannah Manning, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Cleveland, TN
Hannah Manning
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MFT-I
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Cleveland, TN 37311
Waitlist for new clients
There are times in our lives that we can feel stuck, uncertain, scared, and immobilized. Coming to terms with your own story and the image of yourself can be daunting. We can feel this way maybe because of a break up, onset of depression, sexual issues, problems with connecting with others, or simply a life transition. You’re uncertain if you can experience healing, but I can tell you that there is hope! Therapy is an opportunity meant to be safe, secure, and a process to learn how to thrive again. I’m here to walk you through the process of finding meaning in your own story, working through shame and doubt, and finding connection.
There are times in our lives that we can feel stuck, uncertain, scared, and immobilized. Coming to terms with your own story and the image of yourself can be daunting. We can feel this way maybe because of a break up, onset of depression, sexual issues, problems with connecting with others, or simply a life transition. You’re uncertain if you can experience healing, but I can tell you that there is hope! Therapy is an opportunity meant to be safe, secure, and a process to learn how to thrive again. I’m here to walk you through the process of finding meaning in your own story, working through shame and doubt, and finding connection.
(423) 564-3485 View (423) 564-3485
Photo of Julianna Ainsley Schau, Pre-Licensed Professional in Cleveland, TN
Julianna Ainsley Schau
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Cleveland, TN 37311
My previous experience focused on children's mental health, however, I also have experience with ages across the spectrum. An important aspect of counseling is willingness to be involved in the process. This can be difficult, however, together we can work to meet the goals you hope to achieve.
My previous experience focused on children's mental health, however, I also have experience with ages across the spectrum. An important aspect of counseling is willingness to be involved in the process. This can be difficult, however, together we can work to meet the goals you hope to achieve.
(423) 501-2445 View (423) 501-2445

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Cleveland, TN

100+

Average cost per session

$100

Therapists in Cleveland, TN who prioritize treating:

89% Anxiety
80% Relationship Issues
78% Depression
78% Trauma and PTSD
73% Self Esteem
71% Stress
69% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% Cigna and Evernorth
68% Aetna
57% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Cleveland, TN see their clients

91% In Person and Online
9% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
26% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Cleveland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.