Therapists in New York, NY

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Photo of Nicole E Da Silva, Psychologist in New York, NY
Nicole E Da Silva
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10031  (Online Only)
Posted on the wall of my office are the inspiring words of Nelson Mandela: “May your choices reflect your hopes, not your fears.” This sentiment captures how I will seek to work with you in therapy. As a psychologist, my goal is to help you reconnect with hope after painful life experiences, to better understand the “whys” behind your thoughts, feelings, and behavior, and to encourage you to make meaningful changes in your life that may enable you to be happier, healthier, and to live more authentically.
Posted on the wall of my office are the inspiring words of Nelson Mandela: “May your choices reflect your hopes, not your fears.” This sentiment captures how I will seek to work with you in therapy. As a psychologist, my goal is to help you reconnect with hope after painful life experiences, to better understand the “whys” behind your thoughts, feelings, and behavior, and to encourage you to make meaningful changes in your life that may enable you to be happier, healthier, and to live more authentically.
(646) 791-1910 View (646) 791-1910
Photo of Hajra Munir, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Hajra Munir
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10022  (Online Only)
Therapy is a process that takes time, patience, and consistency. As your therapist, I will provide a judgement free environment along with my undivided attention to each client. I believe that everyone carries the strength to overcome a difficult situation within themselves. With a little bit of support and encouragement, we can come out stronger than before. I welcome every client regardless of cultural background with a warm, empathetic, and attentive personality. I am fluent in English, Urdu, and Punjabi.
Therapy is a process that takes time, patience, and consistency. As your therapist, I will provide a judgement free environment along with my undivided attention to each client. I believe that everyone carries the strength to overcome a difficult situation within themselves. With a little bit of support and encouragement, we can come out stronger than before. I welcome every client regardless of cultural background with a warm, empathetic, and attentive personality. I am fluent in English, Urdu, and Punjabi.
(718) 550-1654 View (718) 550-1654
Photo of Dr. Ruby Rhoden, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Dr. Ruby Rhoden
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016  (Online Only)
On the surface, you look like you have your shit together and everyone comes to you for answers. Amongst your friends, maybe you’re the “strong one” and in your family, perhaps you’re the “successful one”. But deep down, you're burned out, struggling to trust others, or questioning if you're meant for this whole 'parenting' thing. What's clear is that you barely recognize yourself, you’re questioning your purpose, and you constantly blame yourself for it all. You're in pain and can use some relief.
On the surface, you look like you have your shit together and everyone comes to you for answers. Amongst your friends, maybe you’re the “strong one” and in your family, perhaps you’re the “successful one”. But deep down, you're burned out, struggling to trust others, or questioning if you're meant for this whole 'parenting' thing. What's clear is that you barely recognize yourself, you’re questioning your purpose, and you constantly blame yourself for it all. You're in pain and can use some relief.
(929) 470-2069 View (929) 470-2069
Photo of Daniela Montenegro, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Daniela Montenegro
Pre-Licensed Professional, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10019
I am a warm, collaborative, and empathetic therapist. I aim to be supportive and goal-oriented and believe we all possess the ability to make progress toward positive change. Having support along that journey can go a long way in achieving the goals we set for ourselves. My goal is to help you find a healthy perception of yourself and strengthen your relationships so that you can know yourself as peaceful, complete, and safe.
I am a warm, collaborative, and empathetic therapist. I aim to be supportive and goal-oriented and believe we all possess the ability to make progress toward positive change. Having support along that journey can go a long way in achieving the goals we set for ourselves. My goal is to help you find a healthy perception of yourself and strengthen your relationships so that you can know yourself as peaceful, complete, and safe.
(347) 658-1909 View (347) 658-1909
Photo of Gillian S Wilson, Psychologist in New York, NY
Gillian S Wilson
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10003  (Online Only)
As a clinical psychologist, I take a psychodynamic and relational approach, integrated with evidence-based practices, to work empathically and collaboratively with adults. Together, we will engage in an exploration of your past and present experiences with the goal of gaining a deeper understanding of yourself, giving you greater insight and control of your emotions, internal conflicts, and behavior. We will work to identify and shift patterns that have stood in the way of your goals and relationships.
As a clinical psychologist, I take a psychodynamic and relational approach, integrated with evidence-based practices, to work empathically and collaboratively with adults. Together, we will engage in an exploration of your past and present experiences with the goal of gaining a deeper understanding of yourself, giving you greater insight and control of your emotions, internal conflicts, and behavior. We will work to identify and shift patterns that have stood in the way of your goals and relationships.
(718) 866-3730 View (718) 866-3730
Photo of Sophia Mercer, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in New York, NY
Sophia Mercer
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10003
Problems can feel insurmountable if we tackle them alone. I believe that a genuine, empathic connection with another person is often the first step toward healing. I am here to offer you a safe space to explore opportunities for change, growth and self-discovery. Through our mutual engagement in the therapy process, my hope is that you gain insight about your relationships, your sense of self, who you are and who you want to become. I believe that relationships – with ourselves, with others, or with our environment – are the core of human experience. Often the most overlooked relationship is the one we have with ourselves.
Problems can feel insurmountable if we tackle them alone. I believe that a genuine, empathic connection with another person is often the first step toward healing. I am here to offer you a safe space to explore opportunities for change, growth and self-discovery. Through our mutual engagement in the therapy process, my hope is that you gain insight about your relationships, your sense of self, who you are and who you want to become. I believe that relationships – with ourselves, with others, or with our environment – are the core of human experience. Often the most overlooked relationship is the one we have with ourselves.
(646) 693-9795 View (646) 693-9795
Photo of Tracy Ross, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Tracy Ross
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011
Volatile couples are often passionate couples. "We love each other and have a good relationship, why we do end up in the same hurtful arguments?" The passion in your relationship is energizing but can also turn into fights accompanied by extreme anger. Often this results in one person withdrawing and both left feeling hurt and misunderstood. I help couples turn volatility into versatility. Volatility is explosive energy; versatility means having choices and tools to use at the right moment while keeping healthy passion alive. My couples are people who have strong relationships but need help breaking patterns that lead them down a rabbit hole.
Volatile couples are often passionate couples. "We love each other and have a good relationship, why we do end up in the same hurtful arguments?" The passion in your relationship is energizing but can also turn into fights accompanied by extreme anger. Often this results in one person withdrawing and both left feeling hurt and misunderstood. I help couples turn volatility into versatility. Volatility is explosive energy; versatility means having choices and tools to use at the right moment while keeping healthy passion alive. My couples are people who have strong relationships but need help breaking patterns that lead them down a rabbit hole.
(646) 846-7242 View (646) 846-7242
Photo of Caroline Goan in New York, NY
Caroline Goan
MFT-LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10010
Caroline believes that every person has within themselves an inherent wisdom, and the capacity to heal, grow and thrive. With an open-heart and empathetic approach, Caroline collaborates with her clients to explore their inner worlds and outer relationships as a path to self-discovery, transformation and healing. Deeply curious, she pursues an understanding of each client’s unique story, and provides tools to help her clients uncover how past and present experiences influence what makes us who we are.
Caroline believes that every person has within themselves an inherent wisdom, and the capacity to heal, grow and thrive. With an open-heart and empathetic approach, Caroline collaborates with her clients to explore their inner worlds and outer relationships as a path to self-discovery, transformation and healing. Deeply curious, she pursues an understanding of each client’s unique story, and provides tools to help her clients uncover how past and present experiences influence what makes us who we are.
(332) 244-2917 View (332) 244-2917
Photo of Massimo Balestri, Psychologist in New York, NY
Massimo Balestri
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
I treat a wide spectrum of conditions including mood and anxiety disorders (e.g., bipolar and depressive disorders, panic and phobias), ADHD, marital issues and PTSD. My niche is in personality disorders (e.g., borderline and narcissistic personality disorder). I have extensive experience treating trauma sequelas, dissociative disorders and helping individuals overcome grief. My practice also includes treatment of eating disorders in adults (e.g., bulimia) and parasuicidal behaviour. Although my practice is mainly guided by empirical modalities, I tend to approach each client in an eclectic manner to customize treatment as needed.
I treat a wide spectrum of conditions including mood and anxiety disorders (e.g., bipolar and depressive disorders, panic and phobias), ADHD, marital issues and PTSD. My niche is in personality disorders (e.g., borderline and narcissistic personality disorder). I have extensive experience treating trauma sequelas, dissociative disorders and helping individuals overcome grief. My practice also includes treatment of eating disorders in adults (e.g., bulimia) and parasuicidal behaviour. Although my practice is mainly guided by empirical modalities, I tend to approach each client in an eclectic manner to customize treatment as needed.
(914) 350-4086 View (914) 350-4086
Photo of Merritt Stewart, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Merritt Stewart
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10023  (Online Only)
I believe that people seek therapy because they want to feel better and are having difficulty navigating obstacles which stand in their way. Do you feel unsatisfied with your interpersonal relationships? Work? Do you often feel anxious or sad? Do you ever find yourself engaged in destructive patterns and unable to change them? Have you experienced any trauma(s) during your lifetime, which may be contributing to your current mood, behavior and functioning? If you can answer "yes" to some or all of these questions, I can help. I have over 25 years of experience as a practicing therapist in NYC.
I believe that people seek therapy because they want to feel better and are having difficulty navigating obstacles which stand in their way. Do you feel unsatisfied with your interpersonal relationships? Work? Do you often feel anxious or sad? Do you ever find yourself engaged in destructive patterns and unable to change them? Have you experienced any trauma(s) during your lifetime, which may be contributing to your current mood, behavior and functioning? If you can answer "yes" to some or all of these questions, I can help. I have over 25 years of experience as a practicing therapist in NYC.
(646) 798-4791 View (646) 798-4791
Photo of Sage Williamson, Marriage & Family Therapist in New York, NY
Sage Williamson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10022
What if you had all the tools necessary to connect with and love your partner more deeply? What if you could learn how to reignite your love and create a meaningful life with your partner? With over a decade of experience in couples and family therapy, I am here to support you in rebuilding your life of love and trust. Most people are not naturally "good" at sharing their love, but it is a skill that can be learned. Relationships require dedication and practice. No matter what you are going through we will find a way to make your relationship what you know it could be. I understand what it's like to be vulnerable.
What if you had all the tools necessary to connect with and love your partner more deeply? What if you could learn how to reignite your love and create a meaningful life with your partner? With over a decade of experience in couples and family therapy, I am here to support you in rebuilding your life of love and trust. Most people are not naturally "good" at sharing their love, but it is a skill that can be learned. Relationships require dedication and practice. No matter what you are going through we will find a way to make your relationship what you know it could be. I understand what it's like to be vulnerable.
(347) 497-6903 View (347) 497-6903
Photo of Linda Turner, Art Therapist in New York, NY
Linda Turner
Art Therapist, LCAT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10003
Imagine connecting to yourself and others in new ways by getting clear that within you is a resiliency, a capacity to thrive even as part/s of you may be depressed, anxious, struggle with relationships, and/or are self critical. Imagine beginning to trust that your life can be more of what you want it to be. Working together in a supportive and open way, we can integrate talk, art and other forms of creativity to explore your life. As the creation of a new idea, feeling and/or image arises, as you reframe your past, master feelings, recognize resiliencies, and create new thought patterns - growth and healing occurs.
Imagine connecting to yourself and others in new ways by getting clear that within you is a resiliency, a capacity to thrive even as part/s of you may be depressed, anxious, struggle with relationships, and/or are self critical. Imagine beginning to trust that your life can be more of what you want it to be. Working together in a supportive and open way, we can integrate talk, art and other forms of creativity to explore your life. As the creation of a new idea, feeling and/or image arises, as you reframe your past, master feelings, recognize resiliencies, and create new thought patterns - growth and healing occurs.
(917) 791-3022 View (917) 791-3022
Photo of Greg Lowder, Psychologist in New York, NY
Greg Lowder
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10022  (Online Only)
When you are physically ill you turn to your doctor, hoping they can help you feel better. Problems like depression, anxiety, impulsivity, uncontrollable anger, guilt, or low self-confidence can be as painful, if not more so, than physical illness; they can also create serious relationship and work difficulties. I have over 30 years of experience and I have helped many adults, adolescents, and couples who had received limited or no benefit from previous therapists, other doctors, or medications. I work well with people who are skeptical of, or intimidated by, talk therapy.
When you are physically ill you turn to your doctor, hoping they can help you feel better. Problems like depression, anxiety, impulsivity, uncontrollable anger, guilt, or low self-confidence can be as painful, if not more so, than physical illness; they can also create serious relationship and work difficulties. I have over 30 years of experience and I have helped many adults, adolescents, and couples who had received limited or no benefit from previous therapists, other doctors, or medications. I work well with people who are skeptical of, or intimidated by, talk therapy.
(929) 581-8945 View (929) 581-8945
William Baker
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10003
I am a clinical psychologist and psychoanalyst with many years of experience treating adults, adolescents and children. While I utilize a wide range of current treatment techniques, my practice is based on a foundation of contemporary psychoanalytic approaches. I have found a psychodynamic perspective---the view that our emotional lives represent a continually evolving process that determines our lived experience in meaningful and purposive ways---to be essential for understanding a whole person and their current life situation.
I am a clinical psychologist and psychoanalyst with many years of experience treating adults, adolescents and children. While I utilize a wide range of current treatment techniques, my practice is based on a foundation of contemporary psychoanalytic approaches. I have found a psychodynamic perspective---the view that our emotional lives represent a continually evolving process that determines our lived experience in meaningful and purposive ways---to be essential for understanding a whole person and their current life situation.
(646) 759-1675 View (646) 759-1675
Photo of Anna Zelig, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Anna Zelig
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10128
As a therapist I create a safe and non-judgmental space where you will feel validated and supported. From a collaborative and strength-based approach, I am passionate about working with individuals, couples, and families to enrich and deepen their connections to those who matter most. I focus on resolving issues related to breakdowns in communication and life transitions including marriage, separation, illness, loss, pregnancy and the birth of a child. I believe that through therapy, ruptures can be repaired, and couples and families can navigate tumultuous times with greater ease and grace.
As a therapist I create a safe and non-judgmental space where you will feel validated and supported. From a collaborative and strength-based approach, I am passionate about working with individuals, couples, and families to enrich and deepen their connections to those who matter most. I focus on resolving issues related to breakdowns in communication and life transitions including marriage, separation, illness, loss, pregnancy and the birth of a child. I believe that through therapy, ruptures can be repaired, and couples and families can navigate tumultuous times with greater ease and grace.
(929) 325-2455 View (929) 325-2455
Photo of Jeff Allison, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Jeff Allison
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10010
Good therapy guides you to a more secure relationship with yourself and with the world around you, so that you can reconnect with a sense of meaning and immediacy in life. I help people to improve emotional awareness which leads to better relationships, less anxiety, and more resilience. I specialize in treating anxiety, depression, OCD, grief/loss, and relationship issues.
Good therapy guides you to a more secure relationship with yourself and with the world around you, so that you can reconnect with a sense of meaning and immediacy in life. I help people to improve emotional awareness which leads to better relationships, less anxiety, and more resilience. I specialize in treating anxiety, depression, OCD, grief/loss, and relationship issues.
(929) 512-5683 View (929) 512-5683
Photo of Lukas K Prokes. Psychologist Art Therapist, Art Therapist in New York, NY
Lukas K Prokes. Psychologist Art Therapist
Art Therapist, PsyD, LCAT
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
Are you experiencing frustration and disagreement in your relationship? Feeling defensive, shut down, or overwhelmed? Feeling like you are beating your head against the wall hoping for a different outcome? Do you feel stuck and crave more in your relationship? Do you feel lonely, taken for granted, and unappreciated? Do you carry the burden of the responsibilities in your home? Do you struggle to change your partner’s mind about divorce, rebuild trust, forgive and be forgiven, or save a marriage after an affair? Do you want to rekindle your love and passion, and most importantly understand how much you love your lives together?
Are you experiencing frustration and disagreement in your relationship? Feeling defensive, shut down, or overwhelmed? Feeling like you are beating your head against the wall hoping for a different outcome? Do you feel stuck and crave more in your relationship? Do you feel lonely, taken for granted, and unappreciated? Do you carry the burden of the responsibilities in your home? Do you struggle to change your partner’s mind about divorce, rebuild trust, forgive and be forgiven, or save a marriage after an affair? Do you want to rekindle your love and passion, and most importantly understand how much you love your lives together?
(646) 798-7838 View (646) 798-7838
Photo of Dr. Joanna Kristeva, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Dr. Joanna Kristeva
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW, LISW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10007
Dr. Joanna Kristeva specializes in treating mental health conditions, and she uses a cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy approach in her clinical practice. Her multicultural background helps her to apply person-centered and strength-based treatment modalities.
Dr. Joanna Kristeva specializes in treating mental health conditions, and she uses a cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy approach in her clinical practice. Her multicultural background helps her to apply person-centered and strength-based treatment modalities.
(646) 904-5350 View (646) 904-5350
Photo of Nancy Stiefel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Nancy Stiefel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CGP
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10003
It's amazing: talking in therapy is such a simple act, with powerful results. What keeps getting in the way of satisfaction--in relationships, in work? The patient and I form a sort of detective team to investigate this question. When self-defeating patterns of thinking and behavior come into conscious awareness, it becomes possible to make informed decisions, to act in ways that make life better. Therapy is serious, but it can be something to enjoy and look forward to. Depression and anxiety, isolation, anger, loneliness--all are states that we can address in treatment, with understanding, patience and respect.
It's amazing: talking in therapy is such a simple act, with powerful results. What keeps getting in the way of satisfaction--in relationships, in work? The patient and I form a sort of detective team to investigate this question. When self-defeating patterns of thinking and behavior come into conscious awareness, it becomes possible to make informed decisions, to act in ways that make life better. Therapy is serious, but it can be something to enjoy and look forward to. Depression and anxiety, isolation, anger, loneliness--all are states that we can address in treatment, with understanding, patience and respect.
(646) 600-8004 View (646) 600-8004
Photo of Sable Tempest Sweeper, Counselor in New York, NY
Sable Tempest Sweeper
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10012  (Online Only)
The idea of mental health and mental health treatment continues to be taboo in society. Individuals are often afraid, nervous, or have a fear of being judged for going to therapy. With this knowledge, Sable incorporates normalization and bringing awareness to mental health issues. Focusing on person-centered, narrative, CBT, and family therapy, Sable provides a comfortable, non-judgmental, and empathetic environment that allows clients to be vulnerable while working towards wellness.
The idea of mental health and mental health treatment continues to be taboo in society. Individuals are often afraid, nervous, or have a fear of being judged for going to therapy. With this knowledge, Sable incorporates normalization and bringing awareness to mental health issues. Focusing on person-centered, narrative, CBT, and family therapy, Sable provides a comfortable, non-judgmental, and empathetic environment that allows clients to be vulnerable while working towards wellness.
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
62% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
60% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in New York, NY see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.