Therapists in Lynchburg, VA

Photo of Erin Clarke, Resident in Counseling in Lynchburg, VA
Erin Clarke
Resident in Counseling, MA
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24501
In my role as a counselor, I support individuals who have experienced trauma or pain in their lives. Much of my work focuses on processing trauma, building awareness, and practicing doing something different. I have a special interest in assisting clients through relationship concerns, personality disorders, and dysfunctional families. The people that I work with often feel stuck in unhealthy patterns of behaving, thinking, and feeling. Counseling offers you the intentional space to explore those stuck points and build new patterns to sustain a satisfying life.
In my role as a counselor, I support individuals who have experienced trauma or pain in their lives. Much of my work focuses on processing trauma, building awareness, and practicing doing something different. I have a special interest in assisting clients through relationship concerns, personality disorders, and dysfunctional families. The people that I work with often feel stuck in unhealthy patterns of behaving, thinking, and feeling. Counseling offers you the intentional space to explore those stuck points and build new patterns to sustain a satisfying life.
(434) 201-3941 View (434) 201-3941
Photo of Taryn Zimont, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Taryn Zimont
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504
Hey there! I'm Taryn, a Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia. Specializing in LGBTQ issues, religious deconstruction, and faith transitions, I provide affirming support for individuals and couples dealing with trauma, PTSD, and identity complexities. My focus extends to those exploring deeper self-understanding. This involves processing attachment wounds and the impacts of strained relationships. I grasp the intricate dynamics inherent in navigating the intersections of LGBTQ identities, religious backgrounds, and faith transitions.
Hey there! I'm Taryn, a Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia. Specializing in LGBTQ issues, religious deconstruction, and faith transitions, I provide affirming support for individuals and couples dealing with trauma, PTSD, and identity complexities. My focus extends to those exploring deeper self-understanding. This involves processing attachment wounds and the impacts of strained relationships. I grasp the intricate dynamics inherent in navigating the intersections of LGBTQ identities, religious backgrounds, and faith transitions.
(434) 404-6258 View (434) 404-6258
Photo of Elizabeth B. Farnsworth, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Elizabeth B. Farnsworth
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMFT, FT, PhD, CCTMH
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504
I have over 25 years' experience working with individuals adjusting to major life transitions and grief issues, depression, and anxiety. I have particular interest in helping individuals adjust to the illness and death of a child, parent, sibling, friend, or other family member. I received my doctoral education in Family Studies which integrated counseling, sociology, and psychology in understanding and treating major life transitions and family changes. I am also interested in working with caregivers and individuals dealing with career concerns. I will be very pleased to offer services to you!
I have over 25 years' experience working with individuals adjusting to major life transitions and grief issues, depression, and anxiety. I have particular interest in helping individuals adjust to the illness and death of a child, parent, sibling, friend, or other family member. I received my doctoral education in Family Studies which integrated counseling, sociology, and psychology in understanding and treating major life transitions and family changes. I am also interested in working with caregivers and individuals dealing with career concerns. I will be very pleased to offer services to you!
(434) 260-5010 View (434) 260-5010
Photo of Katie Oliver, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Katie Oliver
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504
Katie is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) who has over 13 years of clinical experience working in community mental health with adolescents, teens, young adults, and families who are struggling with depression, anxiety, stress management, anger management, grief, loss, phase of life problems, self-esteem, identity issues, and relationship issues. Katie received her Bachelor’s degree in Human Services from Elon University her Master’s degree in Professional Counseling from Liberty University.
Katie is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) who has over 13 years of clinical experience working in community mental health with adolescents, teens, young adults, and families who are struggling with depression, anxiety, stress management, anger management, grief, loss, phase of life problems, self-esteem, identity issues, and relationship issues. Katie received her Bachelor’s degree in Human Services from Elon University her Master’s degree in Professional Counseling from Liberty University.
(434) 215-0355 View (434) 215-0355
Photo of Nicole M Taylor, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Nicole M Taylor
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lynchburg, VA 24502
Waitlist for new clients
I have over ten years of experience in the mental health field, working with a variety of individuals across many backgrounds and treatment needs. I enjoy working with teens and young adults with anxiety who are transitioning between phases of life, as well as mothers who are trying to find balance in life. I have been certified in the treatment of trauma and am honored when someone trusts me enough to allow me into some of the darkest moments of their lives. My primary strategy is to provide a warm and safe environment based on kindness and empathic understanding.
I have over ten years of experience in the mental health field, working with a variety of individuals across many backgrounds and treatment needs. I enjoy working with teens and young adults with anxiety who are transitioning between phases of life, as well as mothers who are trying to find balance in life. I have been certified in the treatment of trauma and am honored when someone trusts me enough to allow me into some of the darkest moments of their lives. My primary strategy is to provide a warm and safe environment based on kindness and empathic understanding.
(434) 201-8406 View (434) 201-8406
Photo of Amanda Otey Hall, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Amanda Otey Hall
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504
Amanda Otey-Hall is currently a Resident in Professional Counseling with 5 years of experience working with families and individuals in Virginia. She uses an insight-based approach to work towards managing anxiety, depression, stress, relationship/familial issues, and life transitions.
Amanda Otey-Hall is currently a Resident in Professional Counseling with 5 years of experience working with families and individuals in Virginia. She uses an insight-based approach to work towards managing anxiety, depression, stress, relationship/familial issues, and life transitions.
(434) 597-3801 View (434) 597-3801
Photo of Pamela Pierce, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Pamela Pierce
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504  (Online Only)
Pamela Pierce is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) who specializes in treating anxiety, depression, anger, and behavioral issues in youth and adults. She has 9 years of experience working with at-risk adolescents and adults with severe mental illness in a behavioral health setting. Pamela has worked with individuals and couples in a private practice setting for 2 years. She has a passion for collaboratively assisting individuals working through their anxiety, depression, and anger. It is Pamela's experience that behavioral issues tend to stem from an underlying issue.
Pamela Pierce is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) who specializes in treating anxiety, depression, anger, and behavioral issues in youth and adults. She has 9 years of experience working with at-risk adolescents and adults with severe mental illness in a behavioral health setting. Pamela has worked with individuals and couples in a private practice setting for 2 years. She has a passion for collaboratively assisting individuals working through their anxiety, depression, and anger. It is Pamela's experience that behavioral issues tend to stem from an underlying issue.
(434) 505-4907 View (434) 505-4907
Photo of Matthew Hammond, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Matthew Hammond
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24502
I have a passion for working with people in an intentional, collaborative way to allow for personal growth, healing, and restoration. I believe in providing a safe space for concerns to be shared and working toward sustainable, long lasting change that may result from counseling.
I have a passion for working with people in an intentional, collaborative way to allow for personal growth, healing, and restoration. I believe in providing a safe space for concerns to be shared and working toward sustainable, long lasting change that may result from counseling.
(434) 813-6011 View (434) 813-6011
Photo of DBT Group Lynchburg Dialectical-Behavioral-Therapy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
DBT Group Lynchburg Dialectical-Behavioral-Therapy
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24502
Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a type of talk therapy for those who experience emotions intensely. It focuses on helping people accept themselves as they are, feel safe, and manage their emotions with the goal of no longer being destructive to themselves or their relationships. You are exhausted as you go through the cycle, trying to stop on your own, yet one more time. You feel, helpless, hopeless, and terrified of what the future holds. You want desperately to break free but your best efforts end only in more disappointment and shame. There is help! It can end today! Our group is powerful & can help you forward!
Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a type of talk therapy for those who experience emotions intensely. It focuses on helping people accept themselves as they are, feel safe, and manage their emotions with the goal of no longer being destructive to themselves or their relationships. You are exhausted as you go through the cycle, trying to stop on your own, yet one more time. You feel, helpless, hopeless, and terrified of what the future holds. You want desperately to break free but your best efforts end only in more disappointment and shame. There is help! It can end today! Our group is powerful & can help you forward!
(434) 361-4546 View (434) 361-4546
Photo of Andrew Savill, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Andrew Savill
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MDiv
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504
Welcome! If you are looking for someone who is deeply committed to listening and caring for you in your unique situation, who has been equipped with knowledge and skill to truly help you in your journey, and has had significant experience working with a wide variety of clients and issues, I may be a good fit for you. I have an undergraduate degree in psychology, an MDIV and a Masters in Counseling, and am a life long learner who engages my clients with warm evidenced based care.
Welcome! If you are looking for someone who is deeply committed to listening and caring for you in your unique situation, who has been equipped with knowledge and skill to truly help you in your journey, and has had significant experience working with a wide variety of clients and issues, I may be a good fit for you. I have an undergraduate degree in psychology, an MDIV and a Masters in Counseling, and am a life long learner who engages my clients with warm evidenced based care.
(434) 838-3499 View (434) 838-3499
Photo of Ryan White, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Ryan White
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24502  (Online Only)
I am passionate about helping clients engage their stories in a way that leads to a better understanding of who they are. As a Christian Counselor, I seek to create a compassionate space for you to express your fears, hurts or stressors while combating the shame that often compels us to hide. My role is to guide, encourage, and challenge you as you move towards growth. I also believe not all counseling is about change. Sometimes, circumstances outside of your control lead to a hard season of life. In these instances, I seek to empathize, listen and identify the truths and values that help us feel a sense of calm in a chaotic world.
I am passionate about helping clients engage their stories in a way that leads to a better understanding of who they are. As a Christian Counselor, I seek to create a compassionate space for you to express your fears, hurts or stressors while combating the shame that often compels us to hide. My role is to guide, encourage, and challenge you as you move towards growth. I also believe not all counseling is about change. Sometimes, circumstances outside of your control lead to a hard season of life. In these instances, I seek to empathize, listen and identify the truths and values that help us feel a sense of calm in a chaotic world.
(434) 448-4617 View (434) 448-4617
Photo of Katie Solvig, Pre-Licensed Professional in Lynchburg, VA
Katie Solvig
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, LMHP-R
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lynchburg, VA 24502
Deciding to start therapy takes courage and vulnerability and as a counselor, I feel honored to bear witness to pain and hold hope for healing and growth. My approach to counseling is to provide a safe, judgment-free space for you to process and explore your emotions and thoughts. I use a strengths-based, collaborative approach to empower my clients as they process thoughts/emotions and navigate life. Every person is deserving of a full and balanced life and aim to provide my clients with the tools, skills, and help needed to achieve their goals.
Deciding to start therapy takes courage and vulnerability and as a counselor, I feel honored to bear witness to pain and hold hope for healing and growth. My approach to counseling is to provide a safe, judgment-free space for you to process and explore your emotions and thoughts. I use a strengths-based, collaborative approach to empower my clients as they process thoughts/emotions and navigate life. Every person is deserving of a full and balanced life and aim to provide my clients with the tools, skills, and help needed to achieve their goals.
(434) 771-3540 View (434) 771-3540
Photo of Jen Robinson Guerin, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Jen Robinson Guerin
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, PMH-C
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Lynchburg, VA 24502
I'm so honored to collaborate with you in creating space to care for the deep and tender places in your life. It's an honor I hold both gently and fiercely. I'm committed to a therapy process that holds the tension of authentic human connection with trauma-sensitive, research-based care.
I'm so honored to collaborate with you in creating space to care for the deep and tender places in your life. It's an honor I hold both gently and fiercely. I'm committed to a therapy process that holds the tension of authentic human connection with trauma-sensitive, research-based care.
(540) 583-6625 View (540) 583-6625
Sitting Well Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, PhD, LPC-R
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24503
Sitting Well Counseling has experience with a wide range of challenges encountered today so we look to match you with the therapist that best fits your needs. We specialize not only in trauma, but anxiety, addiction, depression, family conflict, and a variety of unique challenges you may be experiencing in this difficult season. We also provide assessment and testing services such as ADHD testing and psychological evaluations.
Sitting Well Counseling has experience with a wide range of challenges encountered today so we look to match you with the therapist that best fits your needs. We specialize not only in trauma, but anxiety, addiction, depression, family conflict, and a variety of unique challenges you may be experiencing in this difficult season. We also provide assessment and testing services such as ADHD testing and psychological evaluations.
(434) 436-2252 View (434) 436-2252
Photo of Jon Winder, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Jon Winder
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LSATP
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24501
The two most important factors in effective psychotherapy are finding the right person with whom you can connect and knowing that the therapy is geared to your unique needs. My 45 years of counseling have taught me therapy is most effective when we work together. Therapy is a cooperative effort. I want to identify your strengths and apply them to your problems. If you have a history of trauma, I have found that EMDR therapy is the most effective way to treat trauma and am excited to offer this therapy.
The two most important factors in effective psychotherapy are finding the right person with whom you can connect and knowing that the therapy is geared to your unique needs. My 45 years of counseling have taught me therapy is most effective when we work together. Therapy is a cooperative effort. I want to identify your strengths and apply them to your problems. If you have a history of trauma, I have found that EMDR therapy is the most effective way to treat trauma and am excited to offer this therapy.
(434) 201-4388 View (434) 201-4388
Photo of Avis Augustine-Miller, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Avis Augustine-Miller
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMHC, NCC, CCMHC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24502  (Online Only)
The goal of every client who comes to treatment is to resolve the existing crisis or trauma, manage anxiety, reduce depressive and other symptoms, and return to a state of being that better reflects their optimal functioning. Clients who come to therapy are arguably the best suited to tell us what their needs are and where the gap exists between their needs and goals for their best life. Living with grief, loss, anxiety, PTSD, psych ache, relationship distress, trauma (including racial trauma), rejection, and mood disorders takes a toll, not only on everyday functioning but also on self-esteem, self-efficacy and self-care.
The goal of every client who comes to treatment is to resolve the existing crisis or trauma, manage anxiety, reduce depressive and other symptoms, and return to a state of being that better reflects their optimal functioning. Clients who come to therapy are arguably the best suited to tell us what their needs are and where the gap exists between their needs and goals for their best life. Living with grief, loss, anxiety, PTSD, psych ache, relationship distress, trauma (including racial trauma), rejection, and mood disorders takes a toll, not only on everyday functioning but also on self-esteem, self-efficacy and self-care.
(434) 226-5480 View (434) 226-5480
Photo of Jeanie Felty, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Jeanie Felty
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504
Jeanie Felty is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in the state of Virginia who has 6 years of experience providing therapeutic services to individuals in a variety of outpatient settings. She has a passion to support those seeking help with perinatal mood and anxiety disorders, perinatal loss and infertility, trauma and adjustment issues, depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety, and life transitions. She is trained in perinatal mental health, trauma crisis response, Christian counseling and is an adoption competent counselor. Jeanie completed her Master's in Professional Counseling at Liberty University.
Jeanie Felty is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in the state of Virginia who has 6 years of experience providing therapeutic services to individuals in a variety of outpatient settings. She has a passion to support those seeking help with perinatal mood and anxiety disorders, perinatal loss and infertility, trauma and adjustment issues, depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety, and life transitions. She is trained in perinatal mental health, trauma crisis response, Christian counseling and is an adoption competent counselor. Jeanie completed her Master's in Professional Counseling at Liberty University.
(434) 577-6609 View (434) 577-6609
Photo of Geoffrey Dill, Pre-Licensed Professional in Lynchburg, VA
Geoffrey Dill
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504
Geoffrey Dill (he/him) is a Resident in Counseling (RIC) with years of experience working in the mental health field. He is passionate about providing therapeutic care to clients dealing with shame, specializing particularly in eating disorders, LGBTQIA+ needs, trauma, depression, and low self-esteem.
Geoffrey Dill (he/him) is a Resident in Counseling (RIC) with years of experience working in the mental health field. He is passionate about providing therapeutic care to clients dealing with shame, specializing particularly in eating disorders, LGBTQIA+ needs, trauma, depression, and low self-esteem.
(434) 442-6448 View (434) 442-6448
Photo of Darrius Omar Bethel, Resident in Counseling in Lynchburg, VA
Darrius Omar Bethel
Resident in Counseling, LMHP-R, NCC, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lynchburg, VA 24502
You work so hard to do what’s right. Always trying to live up to expectations from society, your family, and yourself for what a man is supposed to be. But no matter how tirelessly you toil or how much energy you expend, it never seems to make any difference. You’re still stuck in the same place – unfulfilled, disconnected, and increasingly frustrated at your inability to fix anything. It feels like you’re slowly being crushed under the weight of your responsibilities to everyone. You want so badly to break free of this terrible cycle, but that seems impossible. You need help, but you’re unsure where to turn. It feels hopeless.
You work so hard to do what’s right. Always trying to live up to expectations from society, your family, and yourself for what a man is supposed to be. But no matter how tirelessly you toil or how much energy you expend, it never seems to make any difference. You’re still stuck in the same place – unfulfilled, disconnected, and increasingly frustrated at your inability to fix anything. It feels like you’re slowly being crushed under the weight of your responsibilities to everyone. You want so badly to break free of this terrible cycle, but that seems impossible. You need help, but you’re unsure where to turn. It feels hopeless.
(434) 361-4744 View (434) 361-4744
Photo of David P Mikkelson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lynchburg, VA
David P Mikkelson
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MDiv, LMFT
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24502
I have been working with couples and families for 30 years as a pastor and a licensed marriage and family therapist. By training, experience, and passion, I work best with couples and families, and also with individuals who are experiencing relationship issues. I enjoy providing pre-marital counseling to engaged or pre-engaged couples, working with married couples who are experiencing relational distress, and with parents who are struggling with raising children and teens. As a retired Army Chaplain and former Marine Artillery Officer, I love working with military personnel, including those with combat-related issues or PTSD.
I have been working with couples and families for 30 years as a pastor and a licensed marriage and family therapist. By training, experience, and passion, I work best with couples and families, and also with individuals who are experiencing relationship issues. I enjoy providing pre-marital counseling to engaged or pre-engaged couples, working with married couples who are experiencing relational distress, and with parents who are struggling with raising children and teens. As a retired Army Chaplain and former Marine Artillery Officer, I love working with military personnel, including those with combat-related issues or PTSD.
(434) 226-5843 View (434) 226-5843

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Lynchburg, VA

200+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in Lynchburg, VA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
89% Depression
74% Relationship Issues
73% Self Esteem
72% Trauma and PTSD
72% Stress
69% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Anthem | Elevance
74% Aetna
73% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Lynchburg, VA see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
24% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Lynchburg?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.