Therapists in Montclair, NJ

Photo of Amanda Marie Aster-McKenna, Psychologist in Montclair, NJ
Amanda Marie Aster-McKenna
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Montclair, NJ 07042
I am a licensed psychologist specializing in the treatment of adults suffering from anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, & substance abuse difficulties. I work from an evidence-based framework with emphasis on mindfulness practice, acceptance of difficult internal experiences, and valued-based living to increase quality of life. This approach to treatment is known as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). ACT proposes that painful human experiences and life's struggles are all inevitable, and teaches how to learn acceptance of inevitable human difficulties and continuing to live a rich and meaningful life.
I am a licensed psychologist specializing in the treatment of adults suffering from anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, & substance abuse difficulties. I work from an evidence-based framework with emphasis on mindfulness practice, acceptance of difficult internal experiences, and valued-based living to increase quality of life. This approach to treatment is known as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). ACT proposes that painful human experiences and life's struggles are all inevitable, and teaches how to learn acceptance of inevitable human difficulties and continuing to live a rich and meaningful life.
(973) 528-7403 View (973) 528-7403
Photo of Kristin Cole, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Kristin Cole
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACT
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
My approach gets measurable results. I teach my clients about their mental health challenge, and they then implement strategies that reduce their symptoms. I am friendly and easy-going, and I love finding creative ways to help clients increase their resiliency, confidence, and self-compassion. My goal is to guide clients in identifying, evaluating, and reframing their negative thoughts, and cultivating behavioral practices that are more supportive and enduring. Motivated clients find CBT extremely helpful because learning about how their brain processes emotions enables them to manage those emotions.
My approach gets measurable results. I teach my clients about their mental health challenge, and they then implement strategies that reduce their symptoms. I am friendly and easy-going, and I love finding creative ways to help clients increase their resiliency, confidence, and self-compassion. My goal is to guide clients in identifying, evaluating, and reframing their negative thoughts, and cultivating behavioral practices that are more supportive and enduring. Motivated clients find CBT extremely helpful because learning about how their brain processes emotions enables them to manage those emotions.
(551) 209-2493 View (551) 209-2493
Photo of Lauren Perez, Counselor in Montclair, NJ
Lauren Perez
Counselor, MA, LAC
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
And through it all...there was space to heal. It's not always easy to show up for yourself. Therapy can offer a way to process emotions that may be painful or uncomfortable and learn how to cope with overwhelm in a safe and supportive environment. Whatever brought you to this page, I welcome you for taking this step. Whether you are experiencing anxious feelings, stress, overwhelm, sadness, anger, lack of motivation, fatigue, or just generally feeling as if something is off, we will work together with and through these emotions. I encourage you to commit to yourself to explore the parts of you that need tending to.
And through it all...there was space to heal. It's not always easy to show up for yourself. Therapy can offer a way to process emotions that may be painful or uncomfortable and learn how to cope with overwhelm in a safe and supportive environment. Whatever brought you to this page, I welcome you for taking this step. Whether you are experiencing anxious feelings, stress, overwhelm, sadness, anger, lack of motivation, fatigue, or just generally feeling as if something is off, we will work together with and through these emotions. I encourage you to commit to yourself to explore the parts of you that need tending to.
(973) 874-1633 View (973) 874-1633
Photo of Ghalia Zelfo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Ghalia Zelfo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
Life gets tough sometimes, you might be having a difficult time in your relationships. You are struggling with communication, trust, intimacy, and you might be feeling emotionally disconnected from your partner or loved ones. It's important for you to feel heard in your healing journey. Your goals to improve your relationships, increase emotional intimacy, and create harmony and balance in your life are valid. I help my clients deepen their understanding of themselves and their loved ones, cultivate compassion and empathy, and create meaningful connections.
Life gets tough sometimes, you might be having a difficult time in your relationships. You are struggling with communication, trust, intimacy, and you might be feeling emotionally disconnected from your partner or loved ones. It's important for you to feel heard in your healing journey. Your goals to improve your relationships, increase emotional intimacy, and create harmony and balance in your life are valid. I help my clients deepen their understanding of themselves and their loved ones, cultivate compassion and empathy, and create meaningful connections.
(973) 221-9916 View (973) 221-9916
Photo of Jamel Porter, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Montclair, NJ
Jamel Porter
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LCADC
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042  (Online Only)
The feeling when you can’t change a difficult situation can be paralyzing. However, feelings are not facts. I believe that therapy can provide you with the perspective and tools that can be life changing. Particularly with addiction, the understanding of what contributes to what now holds you captive can be the start that one needs to be liberated.
The feeling when you can’t change a difficult situation can be paralyzing. However, feelings are not facts. I believe that therapy can provide you with the perspective and tools that can be life changing. Particularly with addiction, the understanding of what contributes to what now holds you captive can be the start that one needs to be liberated.
(862) 263-7310 View (862) 263-7310
Photo of Israel Martinez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Israel Martinez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PhD, CST
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
My group practice specializes in work with the LGBTQ+, consensually non-monogamous, and kink/BDSM communities. Are you worried that most therapists will not truly understand you or that you will have to censor yourself in therapy because of your sexual and/or gender minority status? I had these same concerns and they motivated me to become a psychotherapist who could help others like me. We will work together in a safe and relaxing environment to discover and actualize the solutions you need in order to live a more fulfilling life.
My group practice specializes in work with the LGBTQ+, consensually non-monogamous, and kink/BDSM communities. Are you worried that most therapists will not truly understand you or that you will have to censor yourself in therapy because of your sexual and/or gender minority status? I had these same concerns and they motivated me to become a psychotherapist who could help others like me. We will work together in a safe and relaxing environment to discover and actualize the solutions you need in order to live a more fulfilling life.
(862) 292-4839 View (862) 292-4839
Photo of Michelle Harney, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Michelle Harney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042  (Online Only)
My name is Michelle and I have been a psychotherapist for the last 17 years. I have a deep passion for the field of mental health and supporting my clients in finding a healthy, more peaceful path for themselves. I am genuine and direct in my approach with therapy, and I also use humor at times. I take an active role in sessions with my clients to help them find clarity and direction in whatever issues or symptoms they might be struggling with.
My name is Michelle and I have been a psychotherapist for the last 17 years. I have a deep passion for the field of mental health and supporting my clients in finding a healthy, more peaceful path for themselves. I am genuine and direct in my approach with therapy, and I also use humor at times. I take an active role in sessions with my clients to help them find clarity and direction in whatever issues or symptoms they might be struggling with.
(862) 362-2239 View (862) 362-2239
Photo of Elizabeth Chery, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Elizabeth Chery
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MS, CASAC-T
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Montclair, NJ 07042  (Online Only)
• Elizabeth is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. Elizabeth has her master’s degree in social work. She has experience working with anxiety, depression, grief and loss, addiction, relationship concerns, and other life experiences. She believes that each person has their own story that has shaped what they are currently experiencing. Through her work, she strives to foster a safe space where clients can tell their story, gain insight into how that has impacted them, and create a new reality that is more fulfilling. Elizabeth purposefully incorporates multicultural concepts into each case, because she feels culture greatly influences
• Elizabeth is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. Elizabeth has her master’s degree in social work. She has experience working with anxiety, depression, grief and loss, addiction, relationship concerns, and other life experiences. She believes that each person has their own story that has shaped what they are currently experiencing. Through her work, she strives to foster a safe space where clients can tell their story, gain insight into how that has impacted them, and create a new reality that is more fulfilling. Elizabeth purposefully incorporates multicultural concepts into each case, because she feels culture greatly influences
(929) 205-5198 View (929) 205-5198
Photo of Beth DiBiase, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Beth DiBiase
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSCS
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
Connecting with a caring, experienced therapist can unlock change. I can help you to identify patterns that keep you stuck in unsatisfying relationships, behaviors and images of yourself, which can give you more control over your life and help you to reach your full potential. The relationship that you and I will develop can help you to heal and move forward.
Connecting with a caring, experienced therapist can unlock change. I can help you to identify patterns that keep you stuck in unsatisfying relationships, behaviors and images of yourself, which can give you more control over your life and help you to reach your full potential. The relationship that you and I will develop can help you to heal and move forward.
(973) 358-7407 View (973) 358-7407
Photo of Randi M. Elia, Licensed Professional Counselor in Montclair, NJ
Randi M. Elia
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Montclair, NJ 07043
Hi! My name is Randi Elia (she/her/hers), I am a trauma informed, Licensed Professional Counselor. As your therapist, I aim to provide an open, comfortable and safe environment for my clients to explore, process, and gain new perspectives.
Hi! My name is Randi Elia (she/her/hers), I am a trauma informed, Licensed Professional Counselor. As your therapist, I aim to provide an open, comfortable and safe environment for my clients to explore, process, and gain new perspectives.
(973) 604-2469 View (973) 604-2469
Photo of Les Kooyman, Licensed Professional Counselor in Montclair, NJ
Les Kooyman
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07043
I believe therapy is a caring, supportive, challenging, and collaborative process of exploring areas of your life that are concerning to you and you'd like to learn how to manage better. I follow a strengths-based, person-centered approach where we discuss and explore areas of your life you are concerned about and I assist you in making the real changes you seek. I'm easy going guy who uses humor, homework, insight readings, and other resources to support and challenge you to create change in your life.
I believe therapy is a caring, supportive, challenging, and collaborative process of exploring areas of your life that are concerning to you and you'd like to learn how to manage better. I follow a strengths-based, person-centered approach where we discuss and explore areas of your life you are concerned about and I assist you in making the real changes you seek. I'm easy going guy who uses humor, homework, insight readings, and other resources to support and challenge you to create change in your life.
(704) 761-6736 View (704) 761-6736
Photo of Abby Sarrett-Cooper, Licensed Professional Counselor in Montclair, NJ
Abby Sarrett-Cooper
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor specializing in eating disorders, borderline PD, parenting, adolescents, and depression/anxiety. I work with individuals, couples and families in an active, caring, strengths based approach. I have advanced training in research based treatment methods such as DBT,and FBT that are proven to be effective! I combine compassion with evidenced based cognitive/behavioral interventions. I work to build collaboration with my clients and change lives by empowering individuals and families. I'm a speaker/group leader with the Eating Disorder Assoc of NJ and have appeared on CN8, WLTW-FM radio, News12 NJ.
I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor specializing in eating disorders, borderline PD, parenting, adolescents, and depression/anxiety. I work with individuals, couples and families in an active, caring, strengths based approach. I have advanced training in research based treatment methods such as DBT,and FBT that are proven to be effective! I combine compassion with evidenced based cognitive/behavioral interventions. I work to build collaboration with my clients and change lives by empowering individuals and families. I'm a speaker/group leader with the Eating Disorder Assoc of NJ and have appeared on CN8, WLTW-FM radio, News12 NJ.
(973) 568-0647 View (973) 568-0647
Photo of Eloiza Jorge, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Eloiza Jorge
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, MA, LCSW, CPC
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
Waitlist for new clients
Hi, I'm a culturally responsive therapist who aims to be compassionate open-hearted. Some problems I can help with are: feeling blue, imposter syndrome, stress, anger, boundaries, parenting, creative blocks, break ups, anxiety and grief.
Hi, I'm a culturally responsive therapist who aims to be compassionate open-hearted. Some problems I can help with are: feeling blue, imposter syndrome, stress, anger, boundaries, parenting, creative blocks, break ups, anxiety and grief.
(973) 657-5955 View (973) 657-5955
Photo of Mario G. LoPresti, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Mario G. LoPresti
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
I have more than 25 years experience as a psychotherapist in private practice. I'm fortunate to be working with very bright, successful people who may be having difficulties in family or work relationships, struggling with difficult transitions, or may be experiencing anxiety, depression or self-doubt. My therapeutic approach is to explore with you the underlying causes of your concerns and then to create new ways of responding to problems so that they don't resurface.
I have more than 25 years experience as a psychotherapist in private practice. I'm fortunate to be working with very bright, successful people who may be having difficulties in family or work relationships, struggling with difficult transitions, or may be experiencing anxiety, depression or self-doubt. My therapeutic approach is to explore with you the underlying causes of your concerns and then to create new ways of responding to problems so that they don't resurface.
(862) 414-3231 View (862) 414-3231
Photo of Stevette Heyliger, Licensed Professional Counselor in Montclair, NJ
Stevette Heyliger
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Montclair, NJ 07042
You’re stuck in a “negative pattern” with your partner. There’s been a breakdown in communication and you're often feeling misunderstood. You find yourself having the same old conflicts which never get resolved. No matter how you try explaining what you need and how you feel, your partner takes it the wrong way. You wonder: “does my partner care about me anymore?” You feel alone and disconnected and look to your partner for reassurance that you do matter. You've tried everything and nothing seems to help bring you closer together. And you don’t know how to talk to your partner about these concerns.
You’re stuck in a “negative pattern” with your partner. There’s been a breakdown in communication and you're often feeling misunderstood. You find yourself having the same old conflicts which never get resolved. No matter how you try explaining what you need and how you feel, your partner takes it the wrong way. You wonder: “does my partner care about me anymore?” You feel alone and disconnected and look to your partner for reassurance that you do matter. You've tried everything and nothing seems to help bring you closer together. And you don’t know how to talk to your partner about these concerns.
(973) 241-5306 View (973) 241-5306
Photo of Alexis Gallinger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Alexis Gallinger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042  (Online Only)
Everyone has a story. I believe people are deserving of a safe space to be genuinely seen and heard. I am here to support and empower my clients in their growth and fulfillment as they navigate their own unique journey through life. Although I work with clients of most ages and all backgrounds, many of my clients are millennial adults who are wanting to discover and connect with themselves on a deeper level as they experience the full spectrum of the human experience. Sessions are often a balance of supporting my clients as they process thoughts and feelings, and empowering them to develop new patterns in coping and communication.
Everyone has a story. I believe people are deserving of a safe space to be genuinely seen and heard. I am here to support and empower my clients in their growth and fulfillment as they navigate their own unique journey through life. Although I work with clients of most ages and all backgrounds, many of my clients are millennial adults who are wanting to discover and connect with themselves on a deeper level as they experience the full spectrum of the human experience. Sessions are often a balance of supporting my clients as they process thoughts and feelings, and empowering them to develop new patterns in coping and communication.
(732) 385-3906 View (732) 385-3906
Photo of Joe Gandarillas, Counselor in Montclair, NJ
Joe Gandarillas
Counselor, LAC, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Montclair, NJ 07042
Joe works with individuals and couples of all sexual orientations and creates a safe, non-judgmental, supportive, interactive, and empowering environment while working with each client to define their therapeutic goals and create a plan to achieve them. Joe is passionate about taking an integrative and holistic approach to facilitate growth and navigate healing, in which each session is personalized, collaborative, and unique to the client.
Joe works with individuals and couples of all sexual orientations and creates a safe, non-judgmental, supportive, interactive, and empowering environment while working with each client to define their therapeutic goals and create a plan to achieve them. Joe is passionate about taking an integrative and holistic approach to facilitate growth and navigate healing, in which each session is personalized, collaborative, and unique to the client.
(609) 564-1689 View (609) 564-1689
Photo of Kathy Lutz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Kathy Lutz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC, CTRI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Montclair, NJ 07042  (Online Only)
If addiction has taken over your life, now is the time to do something about it. Life is too short to be unhappy. I offer a warm, confidential environment to help you find the clarity you need to break the cycle of addiction so you and those around you may lead happier lives. I also offer help for co-occurring issues: mood regulation, anxiety, anger management, trauma, and high functioning autism. I am trained in EMDR, Mindfulness Practices and Stress Reduction. In addition, I frequently work in consultation with other therapists' clients, providing EMDR and substance abuse assessments and treatment.
If addiction has taken over your life, now is the time to do something about it. Life is too short to be unhappy. I offer a warm, confidential environment to help you find the clarity you need to break the cycle of addiction so you and those around you may lead happier lives. I also offer help for co-occurring issues: mood regulation, anxiety, anger management, trauma, and high functioning autism. I am trained in EMDR, Mindfulness Practices and Stress Reduction. In addition, I frequently work in consultation with other therapists' clients, providing EMDR and substance abuse assessments and treatment.
(201) 870-4294 View (201) 870-4294
Photo of Mindful Therapeutic Solutions LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Mindful Therapeutic Solutions LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042  (Online Only)
My name is Carlo and I am a licensed clinical social worker. My therapeutic approach is to actively listen to gain an understanding of you as a whole person. This is done with the goal of attaining an awareness not only of the issues you face but the strengths you possess which can be tapped into to help enact a collaboratively-developed and individualized plan of action that facilitates reaching your short and long term mental health and personal goals. Depending on the needs and goals of the client, I typically use interventions based in Cognitive-Behavioral, Mindfulness, Psychodynamic and Solution Focused therapies.
My name is Carlo and I am a licensed clinical social worker. My therapeutic approach is to actively listen to gain an understanding of you as a whole person. This is done with the goal of attaining an awareness not only of the issues you face but the strengths you possess which can be tapped into to help enact a collaboratively-developed and individualized plan of action that facilitates reaching your short and long term mental health and personal goals. Depending on the needs and goals of the client, I typically use interventions based in Cognitive-Behavioral, Mindfulness, Psychodynamic and Solution Focused therapies.
(973) 221-8523 View (973) 221-8523
Photo of Edward H. Callaghan, Psychologist in Montclair, NJ
Edward H. Callaghan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Montclair, NJ 07042
Hi! My name is Dr. Ed Callaghan. I have a Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology and am fully licensed in the state of New Jersey. I am a Founder of the Integrative Therapy Institute of NJ and it’s Director of Child Services. I specialize in working with preschool and school-age children as well as adolescents and adults. I am especially proficient at working with children with ADHD, Autism Spectrum Disorders, behavioral problems, and school-related difficulties--especially problems related to academics and poor drive/motivation. I am also VERY SUCCESSFUL at bridging conflictual relationships between children and their parents.
Hi! My name is Dr. Ed Callaghan. I have a Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology and am fully licensed in the state of New Jersey. I am a Founder of the Integrative Therapy Institute of NJ and it’s Director of Child Services. I specialize in working with preschool and school-age children as well as adolescents and adults. I am especially proficient at working with children with ADHD, Autism Spectrum Disorders, behavioral problems, and school-related difficulties--especially problems related to academics and poor drive/motivation. I am also VERY SUCCESSFUL at bridging conflictual relationships between children and their parents.
(732) 691-4673 View (732) 691-4673

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Montclair, NJ

800+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Montclair, NJ who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
71% Coping Skills
64% Family Conflict
64% Stress

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

73% Aetna
66% Cigna and Evernorth
66% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Montclair, NJ see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Montclair?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.