Therapists in Duluth, MN

Photo of Dustin Holden, Marriage & Family Therapist in Duluth, MN
Dustin Holden
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
Congratulations for trusting yourself enough to explore ways to make your life easier! This is what my work is all about-helping you make your life easier. We all deserve to feel fulfilled and happy in our lives. If you're not able to do this on your own right now, please call to see if I'm the right fit for you.
Congratulations for trusting yourself enough to explore ways to make your life easier! This is what my work is all about-helping you make your life easier. We all deserve to feel fulfilled and happy in our lives. If you're not able to do this on your own right now, please call to see if I'm the right fit for you.
(218) 722-1920 View (218) 722-1920
Photo of Claire Montgomery, Counselor in Duluth, MN
Claire Montgomery
Counselor, MS, LPCC
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
I believe for better and for worse, we need humans. The for better, when we are living in healthy connected relationships, that generally feels good for us. The for worse, it’s really hard to human with other humans, and this is often a source of our distress. As a therapist, I help clients better understand their past and present relational patterns. I help clients find healing to empower them to show up as their authentic selves. Therapy can be so ambiguous at times. It is for this reason I provide individuals with the brain science of how we interact in the world while helping them set clear, realistic goals in their lives.
I believe for better and for worse, we need humans. The for better, when we are living in healthy connected relationships, that generally feels good for us. The for worse, it’s really hard to human with other humans, and this is often a source of our distress. As a therapist, I help clients better understand their past and present relational patterns. I help clients find healing to empower them to show up as their authentic selves. Therapy can be so ambiguous at times. It is for this reason I provide individuals with the brain science of how we interact in the world while helping them set clear, realistic goals in their lives.
(218) 277-5971 View (218) 277-5971
Photo of Alexis Zotti, Pre-Licensed Professional in Duluth, MN
Alexis Zotti
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, LGSW
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55811
For as long as I can remember, I have had a passion for helping and supporting others, which is why I love being a therapist. You as an individual come into my office with your own unique set of challenges, needs, and history. This allows me to really take my time getting to know who you are, what you're looking for, and what will be most helpful to you in our time together. I strive to create a safe space that utilizes a strengths based and non judgmental approach where you feel heard, understood, and more confident as you reach your identified goals at a pace that feels sustainable to you. My goal is to meet you where you're at.
For as long as I can remember, I have had a passion for helping and supporting others, which is why I love being a therapist. You as an individual come into my office with your own unique set of challenges, needs, and history. This allows me to really take my time getting to know who you are, what you're looking for, and what will be most helpful to you in our time together. I strive to create a safe space that utilizes a strengths based and non judgmental approach where you feel heard, understood, and more confident as you reach your identified goals at a pace that feels sustainable to you. My goal is to meet you where you're at.
(218) 245-4133 View (218) 245-4133
Photo of Laurie J Beyer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Duluth, MN
Laurie J Beyer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
I enjoy working with people and helping them better understand and cope with life challenges in the pursuit of healthy living. I am comfortable treating issues of family relations/conflict, mood disorders, grief and loss, as well as an array of adolescent issues. My strengths are looking at each individual and connecting their stories in the effort to find wholeness.
I enjoy working with people and helping them better understand and cope with life challenges in the pursuit of healthy living. I am comfortable treating issues of family relations/conflict, mood disorders, grief and loss, as well as an array of adolescent issues. My strengths are looking at each individual and connecting their stories in the effort to find wholeness.
(218) 550-5688 View (218) 550-5688
Photo of Melissa Ann Nervick, Counselor in Duluth, MN
Melissa Ann Nervick
Counselor, MSEd, LPCC
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
It’s no mistake that you have found yourself here… looking for help… support… guidance… something to get you out of stuckness… the “yuk”. You’re losing sleep at night, distracted during the day and just can’t seem to get it together. You’re consumed by sadness, fear, guilt and/or shame, feeling like an unmade bed … day after day after day. Maybe you’ve tried a thing or two… or maybe you think you have tried it all, and you’re still not where you want to be. What if I told you that there is a different path? A different approach to help you truly heal and live the life you want to live?
It’s no mistake that you have found yourself here… looking for help… support… guidance… something to get you out of stuckness… the “yuk”. You’re losing sleep at night, distracted during the day and just can’t seem to get it together. You’re consumed by sadness, fear, guilt and/or shame, feeling like an unmade bed … day after day after day. Maybe you’ve tried a thing or two… or maybe you think you have tried it all, and you’re still not where you want to be. What if I told you that there is a different path? A different approach to help you truly heal and live the life you want to live?
(218) 210-8148 View (218) 210-8148
Essentia Health SMMC Grief Support Services
MA, LP
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55805
Since 1985, St Mary's Grief Support Services has provided a safe place for grieving youth and adults of all ages to heal. Because each individual's response to loss is unique, we offer an umbrella of resources to choose from. Seeking support can make the difference between grieving in isolation and thriving. Our mission is to facilitate healthy grieving and offer specialized therapy and support for those impacted by serious illness, caregiving, or the death of a family member, friend, or pet. Free grief literature is also available on our website.
Since 1985, St Mary's Grief Support Services has provided a safe place for grieving youth and adults of all ages to heal. Because each individual's response to loss is unique, we offer an umbrella of resources to choose from. Seeking support can make the difference between grieving in isolation and thriving. Our mission is to facilitate healthy grieving and offer specialized therapy and support for those impacted by serious illness, caregiving, or the death of a family member, friend, or pet. Free grief literature is also available on our website.
(218) 585-3177 View (218) 585-3177
Photo of Alex E Ross, Counselor in Duluth, MN
Alex E Ross
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55811
Waitlist for new clients
I currently enjoy and have experience working with individuals of varying ages in providing services to address trauma with children, adolescents and adults as well as other stressors that may result in anxiety or other concerns. I am trained in evidenced based practices such as EMDR, CPT and TF-CBT and work with individuals to determine what is the best fit. My approach to therapy is to determine with clients and families what will be most helpful for the specific life circumstances and to meet them where they are in life.
I currently enjoy and have experience working with individuals of varying ages in providing services to address trauma with children, adolescents and adults as well as other stressors that may result in anxiety or other concerns. I am trained in evidenced based practices such as EMDR, CPT and TF-CBT and work with individuals to determine what is the best fit. My approach to therapy is to determine with clients and families what will be most helpful for the specific life circumstances and to meet them where they are in life.
(218) 322-1745 View (218) 322-1745
Photo of Jennifer N White, Psychologist in Duluth, MN
Jennifer N White
Psychologist, MA, LP, LADC
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55804
My preference is to work with the adult population. I work well with trauma recovery for both victims and offenders. I am well versed in working with addictions issues. I believe that each individual has the resources they need to cope with the issues of their life and be the person they would like to be, stored within them. At times it is difficult to assess these resources when needed or desired. Come learn how to access your inner resources.
My preference is to work with the adult population. I work well with trauma recovery for both victims and offenders. I am well versed in working with addictions issues. I believe that each individual has the resources they need to cope with the issues of their life and be the person they would like to be, stored within them. At times it is difficult to assess these resources when needed or desired. Come learn how to access your inner resources.
(218) 249-1128 View (218) 249-1128
Photo of Illumé North, Licensed Professional Counselor in Duluth, MN
Illumé North
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSW, LPCC, PsyD
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
Illumé North is a mental health center dedicated to preventing sexual abuse, increasing awareness of sexual health, and healing the effects of sexual trauma. Located in Duluth, Minnesota, and offering services in both Minnesota and Wisconsin, our experienced team offers psychotherapy and assessment services throughout the state, with a focus on sexual concerns and disorders as well as harmful sexual behavior. We are proud to offer sexual health treatment and assessment services to remote locations through telehealth, allowing for increased access to care and for expanded community safety.
Illumé North is a mental health center dedicated to preventing sexual abuse, increasing awareness of sexual health, and healing the effects of sexual trauma. Located in Duluth, Minnesota, and offering services in both Minnesota and Wisconsin, our experienced team offers psychotherapy and assessment services throughout the state, with a focus on sexual concerns and disorders as well as harmful sexual behavior. We are proud to offer sexual health treatment and assessment services to remote locations through telehealth, allowing for increased access to care and for expanded community safety.
(218) 522-4469 View (218) 522-4469
Photo of Deb Semmelroth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Duluth, MN
Deb Semmelroth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DNP, MSW, LICSW, CT
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55805
Are you experiencing overwhelming grief after the death of a loved one- feeling lost and confused, overloaded with a gamut of emotions ranging from sadness to anger, bewildered and have difficulty thinking, wondering how to get through each day without your loved one, energy level so low you have difficulty getting out of bed, working is a challenge or maybe is preferred for an escape. You are torn whether to process the loss or to hide it- either one creates anxiety and pain. The trauma of loss can affect each of us so differently!
Are you experiencing overwhelming grief after the death of a loved one- feeling lost and confused, overloaded with a gamut of emotions ranging from sadness to anger, bewildered and have difficulty thinking, wondering how to get through each day without your loved one, energy level so low you have difficulty getting out of bed, working is a challenge or maybe is preferred for an escape. You are torn whether to process the loss or to hide it- either one creates anxiety and pain. The trauma of loss can affect each of us so differently!
(218) 440-8118 View (218) 440-8118
Photo of Pam Baillie-Johnson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Duluth, MN
Pam Baillie-Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, SEP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Duluth, MN 55811
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in working with individuals who have experience complex trauma. My approach to psychotherapy is collaborative and non-pathologizing. Clients often find me because of my experience as a Certified Internal Family Systems Therapist or Certified Somatic Experiencing Practitioner. I use experiential models that take us beyond traditional talk therapy by slowing down, connecting with what is happening on the inside, offer healing to the wounded parts, and connecting with inner resources. Client’s often report an increase sense of self-compassion, calmness, clarity & confidence in themselves.
I specialize in working with individuals who have experience complex trauma. My approach to psychotherapy is collaborative and non-pathologizing. Clients often find me because of my experience as a Certified Internal Family Systems Therapist or Certified Somatic Experiencing Practitioner. I use experiential models that take us beyond traditional talk therapy by slowing down, connecting with what is happening on the inside, offer healing to the wounded parts, and connecting with inner resources. Client’s often report an increase sense of self-compassion, calmness, clarity & confidence in themselves.
(218) 304-7223 View (218) 304-7223
Photo of Krissa Hultman, Counselor in Duluth, MN
Krissa Hultman
Counselor, MSE, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Duluth, MN 55802
Not accepting new clients
I work with clients 12 and up who have depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, mood disorders, trauma, and interpersonal difficulties. I also work with couples and help with communication skills and increasing intimacy.
I work with clients 12 and up who have depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, mood disorders, trauma, and interpersonal difficulties. I also work with couples and help with communication skills and increasing intimacy.
(218) 332-3950 View (218) 332-3950
Photo of Myret Bulgin, Pre-Licensed Professional in Duluth, MN
Myret Bulgin
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Duluth, MN 55802
Greetings! My name is Myret and I'm a pre-licensed counselor in Minnesota. Everyone has issues and sometimes we need help to alleviate our distress. I approach each person uniquely and believe the individual is the expert on their own experience and have most of the insights needed to help reach their goals but may not have the tools necessary to do so. I aim to provide a safe and open space for one to explore those elements of self required to see the changes they desire and to facilitate growth. My goal is to help you achieve the level of functioning that you wish for.
Greetings! My name is Myret and I'm a pre-licensed counselor in Minnesota. Everyone has issues and sometimes we need help to alleviate our distress. I approach each person uniquely and believe the individual is the expert on their own experience and have most of the insights needed to help reach their goals but may not have the tools necessary to do so. I aim to provide a safe and open space for one to explore those elements of self required to see the changes they desire and to facilitate growth. My goal is to help you achieve the level of functioning that you wish for.
(218) 514-5279 View (218) 514-5279
Photo of Rachel Katherine Turner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Duluth, MN
Rachel Katherine Turner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Duluth, MN 55802
I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) in the state of Minnesota and have been working in the mental health field since 2021. I received my Bachelor’s degree from the University of Wisconsin-Superior with a major in Social Work. I graduated with my Master’s degree from the College of St. Scholastica in Social Work in 2021. I have experience working with children, families, teenagers, and adults. On a personal note, I enjoy spending time with my dog, watching sports, being outdoors, reading, and being with friends and family.
I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) in the state of Minnesota and have been working in the mental health field since 2021. I received my Bachelor’s degree from the University of Wisconsin-Superior with a major in Social Work. I graduated with my Master’s degree from the College of St. Scholastica in Social Work in 2021. I have experience working with children, families, teenagers, and adults. On a personal note, I enjoy spending time with my dog, watching sports, being outdoors, reading, and being with friends and family.
(218) 606-1100 View (218) 606-1100
Photo of Katie Erickson, Counselor in Duluth, MN
Katie Erickson
Counselor, MA, LPCC, NBCC
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
"Tomorrow, you promise yourself, will be different, yet, tomorrow is too often a repetition of today." James T. Mccay. Research has repeatedly shown that the single largest factor impacting treatment outcomes is not a provider's treatment methodology or theoretical orientation, but rather the quality of a client's relationship with their individual provider. Consequently I work with each client to design a carefully researched yet highly customized program that fits their unique needs. I am able to form a realistic plan for improving their life situation that brings about improvement in their symptoms quickly.
"Tomorrow, you promise yourself, will be different, yet, tomorrow is too often a repetition of today." James T. Mccay. Research has repeatedly shown that the single largest factor impacting treatment outcomes is not a provider's treatment methodology or theoretical orientation, but rather the quality of a client's relationship with their individual provider. Consequently I work with each client to design a carefully researched yet highly customized program that fits their unique needs. I am able to form a realistic plan for improving their life situation that brings about improvement in their symptoms quickly.
(218) 321-4661 View (218) 321-4661
Photo of Glenn Emery Maloney, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Duluth, MN
Glenn Emery Maloney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, LADC
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55807
My ideal client comes to psychotherapy wanting to make change in their life. I believe in psychotherapy, that change is possible, and that small changes can lead to big differences in our lives. I look for clients willing to make these small changes, follow through on psychotherapy goals, and see what the outcomes are. I have worked extensively with college students, people with addiction struggles, professionals with ongoing mental health needs, couples and families, and artists and musicians.
My ideal client comes to psychotherapy wanting to make change in their life. I believe in psychotherapy, that change is possible, and that small changes can lead to big differences in our lives. I look for clients willing to make these small changes, follow through on psychotherapy goals, and see what the outcomes are. I have worked extensively with college students, people with addiction struggles, professionals with ongoing mental health needs, couples and families, and artists and musicians.
(218) 220-2719 View (218) 220-2719
Photo of Makenna Kullman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Duluth, MN
Makenna Kullman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LGSW
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55811
Makenna works alongside her clients with openness, curiosity, and compassion. She is a Certified Grief Professional who primarily works with teens (14+) and young adults who are experiencing grief, anxiety, depression, life changes, trauma, and low self-esteem. She strives to support her clients in their healing journey by helping them build emotional awareness, learn adaptive coping skills, and develop self-compassion. The modalities she utilizes are influenced by Narrative Therapy, Polyvagal Theory, Internal Family Systems, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy.
Makenna works alongside her clients with openness, curiosity, and compassion. She is a Certified Grief Professional who primarily works with teens (14+) and young adults who are experiencing grief, anxiety, depression, life changes, trauma, and low self-esteem. She strives to support her clients in their healing journey by helping them build emotional awareness, learn adaptive coping skills, and develop self-compassion. The modalities she utilizes are influenced by Narrative Therapy, Polyvagal Theory, Internal Family Systems, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy.
(218) 427-4436 View (218) 427-4436
Photo of Mark Odland, Marriage & Family Therapist in Duluth, MN
Mark Odland
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, MDiv, EMDR
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
My name is Mark Odland, and I specialize in EMDR therapy, marriage counseling, addiction, men’s issues, and faith-based counseling for those that desire it. In my 15+ years as a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and Certified EMDR Therapist I’ve had the privilege to train over 1,000 therapists, help over 1,000 clients, and provide over 15,000 therapy sessions. While I work with clients of all backgrounds, I have a heart for helping business leaders, physicians, fellow therapists, and other professional men. When not working, I’m practicing jiu jitsu, surfing, drawing, writing books, and enjoying nature with my wife and 4 kids.
My name is Mark Odland, and I specialize in EMDR therapy, marriage counseling, addiction, men’s issues, and faith-based counseling for those that desire it. In my 15+ years as a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and Certified EMDR Therapist I’ve had the privilege to train over 1,000 therapists, help over 1,000 clients, and provide over 15,000 therapy sessions. While I work with clients of all backgrounds, I have a heart for helping business leaders, physicians, fellow therapists, and other professional men. When not working, I’m practicing jiu jitsu, surfing, drawing, writing books, and enjoying nature with my wife and 4 kids.
(218) 250-6505 View (218) 250-6505
Photo of Brooke Fitch-Collins, Counselor in Duluth, MN
Brooke Fitch-Collins
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Duluth, MN 55811
I am a licensed professional clinical counselor in Minnesota and I am also licensed in Wisconsin. I provide a problem-solving and skill-equipping approach with my client’s health and wellness at the center of each session. Clients may come to my office with difficulties of depression, anxiety, relationship challenges, physical health struggles, becoming a new parent, or other life transition struggles. Every therapeutic relationship is unique and I approach therapy through a Humanistic lens while at times adding Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) interventions and mindfulness techniques.
I am a licensed professional clinical counselor in Minnesota and I am also licensed in Wisconsin. I provide a problem-solving and skill-equipping approach with my client’s health and wellness at the center of each session. Clients may come to my office with difficulties of depression, anxiety, relationship challenges, physical health struggles, becoming a new parent, or other life transition struggles. Every therapeutic relationship is unique and I approach therapy through a Humanistic lens while at times adding Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) interventions and mindfulness techniques.
(218) 217-7237 View (218) 217-7237
Photo of Claudia French, Psychologist in Duluth, MN
Claudia French
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Duluth, MN 55802
Not accepting new clients
I am a clinical psychologist with over twenty years of experience in psychotherapy and assessment. I now focus on psychotherapy to assist my clients in discovering their strengths and improving their lives. Therapy modalities are chosen according to my clients' needs, and include psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness-based stress reduction, EMDR, play and family therapy.
I am a clinical psychologist with over twenty years of experience in psychotherapy and assessment. I now focus on psychotherapy to assist my clients in discovering their strengths and improving their lives. Therapy modalities are chosen according to my clients' needs, and include psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, mindfulness-based stress reduction, EMDR, play and family therapy.
(218) 646-0305 View (218) 646-0305

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Duluth, MN

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Duluth, MN who prioritize treating:

88% Anxiety
81% Depression
76% Trauma and PTSD
71% Relationship Issues
71% Self Esteem
69% Stress
64% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
69% UCare

How Therapists in Duluth, MN see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
16% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Duluth?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.