Therapists in Deerfield, IL

Photo of Holly Katz, Counselor, LCPC, MA, MBA
Holly Katz
Counselor, LCPC, MA, MBA
Verified Verified
Deerfield, IL 60015
Not accepting new clients
Are you experiencing feelings of grief, loneliness, anxiety or self doubt and wish you could feel calm, confident and connected? If so, you're in the right place. Using a warm, collaborative approach, I provide a safe space for you to explore challenges, gain insight and transform your life. As a result of our work together, my clients report feeling more confident and calm, improving their relationships, and finding a deeper sense of purpose/meaning in their lives.
Are you experiencing feelings of grief, loneliness, anxiety or self doubt and wish you could feel calm, confident and connected? If so, you're in the right place. Using a warm, collaborative approach, I provide a safe space for you to explore challenges, gain insight and transform your life. As a result of our work together, my clients report feeling more confident and calm, improving their relationships, and finding a deeper sense of purpose/meaning in their lives.
(847) 261-8069 View (847) 261-8069
Photo of Trish Flaherty, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CADC, CGP
Trish Flaherty
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CADC, CGP
Verified Verified
Deerfield, IL 60015
Are you feeling overwhelmed by addiction, eating disorders, or trauma? Like Eeyore from Winnie the Pooh, does life often seem grey and dreary? Many of us find ways to cope with pain and trauma, sometimes turning to risky behaviors such as substance abuse or over or underusing processes such as food as an escape. Amid this mayhem, thriving seems impossible, and survival becomes the goal. Perhaps you're struggling with a sense of loneliness and isolation, or your relationships are suffering. The weight of these issues can feel unbearable, and it might seem like there's no way out. But there is hope.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by addiction, eating disorders, or trauma? Like Eeyore from Winnie the Pooh, does life often seem grey and dreary? Many of us find ways to cope with pain and trauma, sometimes turning to risky behaviors such as substance abuse or over or underusing processes such as food as an escape. Amid this mayhem, thriving seems impossible, and survival becomes the goal. Perhaps you're struggling with a sense of loneliness and isolation, or your relationships are suffering. The weight of these issues can feel unbearable, and it might seem like there's no way out. But there is hope.
(872) 204-2435 View (872) 204-2435
Photo of Allison Ackerman, Psychologist, PhD
Allison Ackerman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Deerfield, IL 60015
Not accepting new clients
My goal is to help people change the ways in which we keep ourselves stuck, unhappy & functioning below our potential. I have extensive training in & use a variety of different approaches/models tailored to the individual(s) and their concerns. I work with people who have intimacy &relationship issues, chronic illness, self-esteem issues, conflicts, pervasive feelings of unhappiness, loneliness, loss, anxiety, depression and/or emptiness, self-defeating patterns or just a general sense of being out of sync with themselves, their feelings & the other people in their world. My style is warm, non-judgmental, empathic & collaborative.
My goal is to help people change the ways in which we keep ourselves stuck, unhappy & functioning below our potential. I have extensive training in & use a variety of different approaches/models tailored to the individual(s) and their concerns. I work with people who have intimacy &relationship issues, chronic illness, self-esteem issues, conflicts, pervasive feelings of unhappiness, loneliness, loss, anxiety, depression and/or emptiness, self-defeating patterns or just a general sense of being out of sync with themselves, their feelings & the other people in their world. My style is warm, non-judgmental, empathic & collaborative.
(847) 978-4338 View (847) 978-4338
Photo of Amy Kingan, Psychologist, PsyD
Amy Kingan
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Deerfield, IL 60015
I want to help people learn about themselves, develop skills to have better relationships, and practice coping skills to help overcome obstacles in life. My goal is to make the therapeutic relationship a safe place for you to share your feelings, explore your relationships, and develop skills to help live a happier, more fulfilling life. I believe open communication and trust within that safe space is the first step to developing healthier relationships in life.
I want to help people learn about themselves, develop skills to have better relationships, and practice coping skills to help overcome obstacles in life. My goal is to make the therapeutic relationship a safe place for you to share your feelings, explore your relationships, and develop skills to help live a happier, more fulfilling life. I believe open communication and trust within that safe space is the first step to developing healthier relationships in life.
(847) 307-7362 View (847) 307-7362
Photo of Abby Elizabeth Gagerman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Abby Elizabeth Gagerman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Deerfield, IL 60015
I work with adolescents, adults, and older children, helping them to clarify values, work past crises, and develop skills to navigate day to day challenges. My approach is primarily social constructivist, while still drawing from psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral theories. In my work I draw on my experience as a mother of three teenagers. I also work with parents to help them with strategies when struggling with their children and teens.
I work with adolescents, adults, and older children, helping them to clarify values, work past crises, and develop skills to navigate day to day challenges. My approach is primarily social constructivist, while still drawing from psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral theories. In my work I draw on my experience as a mother of three teenagers. I also work with parents to help them with strategies when struggling with their children and teens.
(224) 300-7449 View (224) 300-7449
Photo of Aaron Marsh, Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC
Aaron Marsh
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
You know something isn’t right, but you just haven’t been able to figure out how to get to the other side. As a result, you may experience common symptoms of self-doubt, lack of confidence, anger, anxiety, depression, loneliness, or lack of connection to others. At times, do you feel hopeless and/or helpless? Or, are you dealing with issues that are not so serious, and you simply need tools and a little guidance and perspective to get unstuck?
You know something isn’t right, but you just haven’t been able to figure out how to get to the other side. As a result, you may experience common symptoms of self-doubt, lack of confidence, anger, anxiety, depression, loneliness, or lack of connection to others. At times, do you feel hopeless and/or helpless? Or, are you dealing with issues that are not so serious, and you simply need tools and a little guidance and perspective to get unstuck?
(708) 627-9939 View (708) 627-9939
Photo of Sharon Rubin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CADC
Sharon Rubin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CADC
Verified Verified
Deerfield, IL 60015
In our busy, fast paced society, we often can lose sight of who we are, what makes us happy, and what our values are. We sometimes resort to unhealthy coping strategies. I can help you identify your issues, needs, strengths, and become aware of what goals you have for yourself. I will help you develop a path to achieve them. I will also help you learn to speak your truth and become a strong advocate for yourself. I will help you to learn healthy coping strategies.
In our busy, fast paced society, we often can lose sight of who we are, what makes us happy, and what our values are. We sometimes resort to unhealthy coping strategies. I can help you identify your issues, needs, strengths, and become aware of what goals you have for yourself. I will help you develop a path to achieve them. I will also help you learn to speak your truth and become a strong advocate for yourself. I will help you to learn healthy coping strategies.
(708) 725-1633 x7 View (708) 725-1633 x7
Photo of Damen Nicole Wellen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Damen Nicole Wellen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Deerfield, IL 60015
Damen enjoys working with children, adolescents, teenagers, families and adults and has practiced in case management, hospital, school and outpatient therapy settings. As a clinician, Damen is devoted to learning about her clients and helping them work towards their individual goals using professional knowledge and creativity. She is a team player and has extensive experience working with schools and advocating for IEP, 504 plans and specific resources needed to help her clients be successful in the school setting.
Damen enjoys working with children, adolescents, teenagers, families and adults and has practiced in case management, hospital, school and outpatient therapy settings. As a clinician, Damen is devoted to learning about her clients and helping them work towards their individual goals using professional knowledge and creativity. She is a team player and has extensive experience working with schools and advocating for IEP, 504 plans and specific resources needed to help her clients be successful in the school setting.
(224) 243-3971 View (224) 243-3971
Photo of Diane Copeland, Psychologist, PsyD
Diane Copeland
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Online Only
As an experienced clinical-health psychologist, I specialize in helping people navigate life transitions (divorce, remarriage, parenting, relationships, work, health), manage food and weight issues (binge/emotional eating, weight management, weight-loss surgery), deal with addictions of all kinds (substance use, co-dependency, recovery, internet, shopping), develop healthier ways to manage stress and illness, and to deal with anxiety and depression. My approach to therapy is collaborative, interactive, and tailored to your unique needs and goals.
As an experienced clinical-health psychologist, I specialize in helping people navigate life transitions (divorce, remarriage, parenting, relationships, work, health), manage food and weight issues (binge/emotional eating, weight management, weight-loss surgery), deal with addictions of all kinds (substance use, co-dependency, recovery, internet, shopping), develop healthier ways to manage stress and illness, and to deal with anxiety and depression. My approach to therapy is collaborative, interactive, and tailored to your unique needs and goals.
(847) 512-8399 View (847) 512-8399
Photo of James Ogle - Attention to Wellness, LTD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Attention to Wellness, LTD
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Deerfield, IL 60015
James Ogle, LCSW, is a highly skilled therapist who works with adolescents, families, and couples. He has over 15 years of clinical work experience in various settings. James has a gift of being able to quickly identify effective behavioral strategies that resolve problems for adolescents in trouble, couples in conflict, and those struggling with depression, anxiety, and stress. James uses motivational therapies to help people with addictions, substance use problems, and anger management issues implement behavior change in order to stop struggling and get their lives back on track.
James Ogle, LCSW, is a highly skilled therapist who works with adolescents, families, and couples. He has over 15 years of clinical work experience in various settings. James has a gift of being able to quickly identify effective behavioral strategies that resolve problems for adolescents in trouble, couples in conflict, and those struggling with depression, anxiety, and stress. James uses motivational therapies to help people with addictions, substance use problems, and anger management issues implement behavior change in order to stop struggling and get their lives back on track.
(224) 300-7810 View (224) 300-7810
Photo of Minda Gerber, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Minda Gerber
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Deerfield, IL 60015
Hello, my name is Minda Gerber and I have been practicing as a licensed clinical social worker for over 25 years. If you are navigating through a difficult time or have encountered strenuous circumstances, I believe I can help you. I enjoy working with diverse people who are dealing with various challenges in their life and see therapy as a journey in which an individual or couple embarks on to change their lives for the better. My approach is one of collaboration between myself and my clients. Ultimately, I want to help them be their own agents of change.
Hello, my name is Minda Gerber and I have been practicing as a licensed clinical social worker for over 25 years. If you are navigating through a difficult time or have encountered strenuous circumstances, I believe I can help you. I enjoy working with diverse people who are dealing with various challenges in their life and see therapy as a journey in which an individual or couple embarks on to change their lives for the better. My approach is one of collaboration between myself and my clients. Ultimately, I want to help them be their own agents of change.
(224) 300-7630 View (224) 300-7630
Photo of Alison Alden, Psychologist, PhD
Alison Alden
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Deerfield, IL 60015
If anxiety has been limiting your ability to enjoy life, I can teach you to successfully manage your difficult thoughts and navigate situations that scare you. I approach each patient with warmth, flexibility, and gentle humor, specializing in solution-focused treatments including cognitive behavioral therapy, exposure therapy, mindfulness, and DBT. My ultimate goal is to help you develop the skills and understanding to both overcome your current difficulties and better deal with whatever life may throw at you. With successful treatment, you will be able to begin or resume activities that you never thought possible.
If anxiety has been limiting your ability to enjoy life, I can teach you to successfully manage your difficult thoughts and navigate situations that scare you. I approach each patient with warmth, flexibility, and gentle humor, specializing in solution-focused treatments including cognitive behavioral therapy, exposure therapy, mindfulness, and DBT. My ultimate goal is to help you develop the skills and understanding to both overcome your current difficulties and better deal with whatever life may throw at you. With successful treatment, you will be able to begin or resume activities that you never thought possible.
(847) 686-3244 x43 View (847) 686-3244 x43
Photo of Regina Verhelst, Counselor, LCPC, CEDS
Regina Verhelst
Counselor, LCPC, CEDS
Verified Verified
Deerfield, IL 60015
No matter what you do, you feel like you are never good enough. You are consumed with thoughts of food and shame about your body. You’ve tried everything to control your eating, but in the end feel like it is food that controls you. If this is you, know that you are not alone and can find healing. If you are struggling with disordered eating, chronic dieting, body image, or an eating disorder, I can work with you to find acceptance and finally feel at home within your body. We will work together to explore your beliefs about food, your body, and yourself to uncover what’s not working and keeping you from what matters most to you.
No matter what you do, you feel like you are never good enough. You are consumed with thoughts of food and shame about your body. You’ve tried everything to control your eating, but in the end feel like it is food that controls you. If this is you, know that you are not alone and can find healing. If you are struggling with disordered eating, chronic dieting, body image, or an eating disorder, I can work with you to find acceptance and finally feel at home within your body. We will work together to explore your beliefs about food, your body, and yourself to uncover what’s not working and keeping you from what matters most to you.
(224) 335-8602 View (224) 335-8602
Photo of Rachel van Zevenbergen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Rachel van Zevenbergen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Deerfield, IL 60015
Hi there! My name is Rachel. I believe that mental health deserves the same amount of attention and care as any other health concern. I understand that it can be intimidating to take that first step in getting help, but I strive to create a warm, engaging, and non-judgmental environment for my clients and take the time to build trust and rapport so that everybody feels comfortable. I believe that therapy is a partnership and I am confident that I can provide the proper support and guidance to help you develop the tools you need to reach your treatment goals, and ultimately, improve your life.
Hi there! My name is Rachel. I believe that mental health deserves the same amount of attention and care as any other health concern. I understand that it can be intimidating to take that first step in getting help, but I strive to create a warm, engaging, and non-judgmental environment for my clients and take the time to build trust and rapport so that everybody feels comfortable. I believe that therapy is a partnership and I am confident that I can provide the proper support and guidance to help you develop the tools you need to reach your treatment goals, and ultimately, improve your life.
(773) 869-7002 View (773) 869-7002
Photo of Lindsay Soto, Psychologist, PsyD
Lindsay Soto
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Deerfield, IL 60015
Change and struggle are universal inevitabilities, and everyone deserves guidance and relief. Whether you are facing everyday stressors or significant life obstacles, you are not alone. I believe everything we do serves a function, and it is important to gain understanding of those that might not be healthy or helpful. My training and clinical experience with court-involved individuals and families guides my work with clients spanning the toddler years to middle adulthood.
Change and struggle are universal inevitabilities, and everyone deserves guidance and relief. Whether you are facing everyday stressors or significant life obstacles, you are not alone. I believe everything we do serves a function, and it is important to gain understanding of those that might not be healthy or helpful. My training and clinical experience with court-involved individuals and families guides my work with clients spanning the toddler years to middle adulthood.
(708) 401-6394 View (708) 401-6394
Photo of Dr. Shelley Daniels, Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Dr. Shelley Daniels
Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Deerfield, IL 60015
Dr. Daniels is a Licensed Clinical Psychologist, who specializes in women’s mental health concerns. In particular, Dr. Daniels utilizes evidence-based psychotherapies in working with women struggling with many life difficulties ranging from depression, anxiety, relationship concerns, grief and loss, challenging life transitions, as well as peri and postnatal mental health, infertility, pregnancy loss, and parenting. Dr. Daniels also has a specialization in neuropsychological assessment for the purpose of diagnostic clarification, decisional capacity, and to develop appropriate treatment recommendations.
Dr. Daniels is a Licensed Clinical Psychologist, who specializes in women’s mental health concerns. In particular, Dr. Daniels utilizes evidence-based psychotherapies in working with women struggling with many life difficulties ranging from depression, anxiety, relationship concerns, grief and loss, challenging life transitions, as well as peri and postnatal mental health, infertility, pregnancy loss, and parenting. Dr. Daniels also has a specialization in neuropsychological assessment for the purpose of diagnostic clarification, decisional capacity, and to develop appropriate treatment recommendations.
(847) 232-7498 View (847) 232-7498
Photo of Terri A. Ammirati, Counselor, MA, MFT, LCPC
Terri A. Ammirati
Counselor, MA, MFT, LCPC
Verified Verified
Deerfield, IL 60015
I believe you are the expert of your life. Within you are the answers to many of the problems you face. My role is to come along side you to help clear the obstacles that are preventing real growth and change. We establish a collaborative relationship built on mutual respect and trust. I provide an environment where you will feel safe, supported, heard and understood. Clients describe me as empathetic, genuine, and direct.
I believe you are the expert of your life. Within you are the answers to many of the problems you face. My role is to come along side you to help clear the obstacles that are preventing real growth and change. We establish a collaborative relationship built on mutual respect and trust. I provide an environment where you will feel safe, supported, heard and understood. Clients describe me as empathetic, genuine, and direct.
(847) 607-1374 View (847) 607-1374
Photo of Ashley C Smith, Counselor, MA, LCPC
Ashley C Smith
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Deerfield, IL 60015
Empowerment and self awareness are key in overcoming life's challenges. As a counselor with over 15 years of experience, my focus is in helping you discover the strengths within yourself to navigate and manage personal difficulties. I believe in a holistic and person centered approach, focused on mindfulness, emotional understanding and self motivation. I am dedicated to providing a nonjudgmental and compassionate listening ear and feel passionately about building a strong therapeutic relationship with each client.
Empowerment and self awareness are key in overcoming life's challenges. As a counselor with over 15 years of experience, my focus is in helping you discover the strengths within yourself to navigate and manage personal difficulties. I believe in a holistic and person centered approach, focused on mindfulness, emotional understanding and self motivation. I am dedicated to providing a nonjudgmental and compassionate listening ear and feel passionately about building a strong therapeutic relationship with each client.
(872) 204-2990 View (872) 204-2990
Photo of Jane Rosenblum, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCM
Jane Rosenblum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCM
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hi, Me Jane. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with 35 years of experience. It is difficult to seek help. I recognize the strength and courage it takes to reach out. You can feel safe, accepted, and listened to in our sessions. This is your time to be you and say what you need to unburden yourself. Sometimes we need guidance while at other times we need someone to listen and hold space for us. It is possible that you are looking for a fresh take on your circumstances or have tried "everything" out there and are ready to give up. You may feel discouraged but together we can work on what is important to you.
Hi, Me Jane. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with 35 years of experience. It is difficult to seek help. I recognize the strength and courage it takes to reach out. You can feel safe, accepted, and listened to in our sessions. This is your time to be you and say what you need to unburden yourself. Sometimes we need guidance while at other times we need someone to listen and hold space for us. It is possible that you are looking for a fresh take on your circumstances or have tried "everything" out there and are ready to give up. You may feel discouraged but together we can work on what is important to you.
(224) 249-3546 View (224) 249-3546
Photo of Christina Vukovich, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Christina Vukovich
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Deerfield, IL 60015
Our identities shape the way we move through the world, influencing our relationships, experiences, and sense of self. Healing begins when we are seen, heard, and affirmed for who we truly are. As a therapist, I strive to create an inclusive, affirming space where you can explore your story without fear of judgment. My approach is rooted in cultural humility, anti-oppression, and neurodiversity-affirming care. Growing up in a multicultural household, I understand how intersecting identities, family dynamics, and societal expectations can shape our mental health and self-perception.
Our identities shape the way we move through the world, influencing our relationships, experiences, and sense of self. Healing begins when we are seen, heard, and affirmed for who we truly are. As a therapist, I strive to create an inclusive, affirming space where you can explore your story without fear of judgment. My approach is rooted in cultural humility, anti-oppression, and neurodiversity-affirming care. Growing up in a multicultural household, I understand how intersecting identities, family dynamics, and societal expectations can shape our mental health and self-perception.
(847) 796-6722 View (847) 796-6722
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Deerfield, IL

200+

Average cost per session

$177

Therapists in Deerfield, IL who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
91% Depression
83% Relationship Issues
81% Self Esteem
72% Coping Skills
68% Grief
67% Stress

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

94% BlueCross and BlueShield
57% Aetna
52% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Deerfield, IL see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
13% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Deerfield?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.