Humanistic Therapists in Honeoye, NY

Photo of Jill E Woodruff, Art Therapist in Honeoye, NY
Jill E Woodruff
Art Therapist, MS, LCAT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Honeoye, NY 14471
I have experience working with adults, children, couples, families and groups and treating a variety of diagnoses including anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, ADHD, PTSD, grief, eating disorders, OCD, self injury, mood disorders, personality disorders, and substance abuse. I often use mindfulness techniques, creative arts therapy, DBT and CBT to help clients find balance and joy.
I have experience working with adults, children, couples, families and groups and treating a variety of diagnoses including anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, ADHD, PTSD, grief, eating disorders, OCD, self injury, mood disorders, personality disorders, and substance abuse. I often use mindfulness techniques, creative arts therapy, DBT and CBT to help clients find balance and joy.
(585) 580-2597 View (585) 580-2597

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Kim Mossbrook in Honeoye, NY
Kim Mossbrook
CCEP, MEd, BS
Verified Verified
Canandaigua, NY 14424
Core Energetics is a dynamic system for personal growth, healing, and transformation. Together we work to unblock your innate life force through the use of movement, breath, voice, and other techniques. You gain greater understanding of what makes you tick. This understanding opens up more choices about what you create in your life. When your energy is blocked, your body and personality suffer. When your energy is flowing, long standing patterns shift. You have more clarity, purpose, pleasure.
Core Energetics is a dynamic system for personal growth, healing, and transformation. Together we work to unblock your innate life force through the use of movement, breath, voice, and other techniques. You gain greater understanding of what makes you tick. This understanding opens up more choices about what you create in your life. When your energy is blocked, your body and personality suffer. When your energy is flowing, long standing patterns shift. You have more clarity, purpose, pleasure.
(585) 412-2599 View (585) 412-2599
Photo of Cindy Pond, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Honeoye, NY
Cindy Pond
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, PLLC
Verified Verified
Livonia, NY 14487  (Online Only)
The capacity for change is within us. Sometimes we feel stuck or stagnant--maybe it's with a close relationship or even with ourselves. Therapy clients who come to my sessions are often comfortable because I reflect calmness, compassion, creativity, and connectedness. This setting is a quiet place to talk, to explore, to be curious and to enjoy the connection of talking with a trained, reliable and ethical professional therapist with over 25 years experience.
The capacity for change is within us. Sometimes we feel stuck or stagnant--maybe it's with a close relationship or even with ourselves. Therapy clients who come to my sessions are often comfortable because I reflect calmness, compassion, creativity, and connectedness. This setting is a quiet place to talk, to explore, to be curious and to enjoy the connection of talking with a trained, reliable and ethical professional therapist with over 25 years experience.
(585) 412-4013 View (585) 412-4013
Photo of Andre Marquis, Counselor in Honeoye, NY
Andre Marquis
Counselor, PhD, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Springwater, NY 14560  (Online Only)
I provide assessment and counseling for individuals with depression, anxiety disorders, personality disorders, stress, trauma, relationship difficulties, and personal growth. Where appropriate, I collaborate with physicians, psychiatrists, and other providers to ensure the highest quality of care. I strive to develop an empathic, understanding environment, characterized by equality and collaboration that may then facilitate the resolution of your concerns with my assistance. Using your innate strengths, our work together can help you find a balanced approach to life's challenges. Please contact with any questions.
I provide assessment and counseling for individuals with depression, anxiety disorders, personality disorders, stress, trauma, relationship difficulties, and personal growth. Where appropriate, I collaborate with physicians, psychiatrists, and other providers to ensure the highest quality of care. I strive to develop an empathic, understanding environment, characterized by equality and collaboration that may then facilitate the resolution of your concerns with my assistance. Using your innate strengths, our work together can help you find a balanced approach to life's challenges. Please contact with any questions.
(585) 534-3012 View (585) 534-3012

Online Therapists

Photo of Stacey McQuade, Counselor in Honeoye, NY
Stacey McQuade
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Rochester, NY 14625
Waitlist for new clients
I have studied and practiced a variety of therapies,such as humanistic, interpersonal, forest and other holistic therapies.
One beautiful aspect of therapy is starting right where you are. Whether you have engaged in therapy in the past or are looking to try working with a counselor for the first time, I'm here to offer a safe space and company to explore what's happening for you now. We spend much of our lives being conditioned to view ourselves, life, success, worth, and more without priority for our own well being. I invite you to set down those weighty expectations in our sessions and delve into where you fit and feel most authentically you.
I have studied and practiced a variety of therapies,such as humanistic, interpersonal, forest and other holistic therapies.
One beautiful aspect of therapy is starting right where you are. Whether you have engaged in therapy in the past or are looking to try working with a counselor for the first time, I'm here to offer a safe space and company to explore what's happening for you now. We spend much of our lives being conditioned to view ourselves, life, success, worth, and more without priority for our own well being. I invite you to set down those weighty expectations in our sessions and delve into where you fit and feel most authentically you.
(585) 367-4105 View (585) 367-4105
Photo of Sara Creary, Art Therapist in Honeoye, NY
Sara Creary
Art Therapist, MS, LCAT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Webster, NY 14580
I use a humanistic and integrative approach to therapy.
Welcome! Do you feel your child would benefit from a space to process their feelings and learn new skills? Are you in need of an empathetic and understanding ear to help you understand your family more fully? Are you in need of a space for yourself to navigate the messiness of life and engage in self exploration? I aim to provide a space where you, your child, or your family can feel and be human without judgement. I aim to work collaboratively and creatively to work through the barriers that exist with traditional therapeutic approaches. "As no one else can know how we perceive, we are the best experts on ourselves.” - Carl Rogers
I use a humanistic and integrative approach to therapy.
Welcome! Do you feel your child would benefit from a space to process their feelings and learn new skills? Are you in need of an empathetic and understanding ear to help you understand your family more fully? Are you in need of a space for yourself to navigate the messiness of life and engage in self exploration? I aim to provide a space where you, your child, or your family can feel and be human without judgement. I aim to work collaboratively and creatively to work through the barriers that exist with traditional therapeutic approaches. "As no one else can know how we perceive, we are the best experts on ourselves.” - Carl Rogers
(585) 653-3440 View (585) 653-3440
Photo of Catherine G Cleveland, Counselor in Honeoye, NY
Catherine G Cleveland
Counselor, PhDs, LMHC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Geneseo, NY 14454
With extensive training in experiential, humanistic, and psychodynamic therapies, I tailor my approach to meet your specific needs within your desired timeframe.
For those in search of secure, private, and confidential counseling, you have found the right place. My education and professional experience enable you to achieve your goals by delving into the root causes of issues, rather than merely managing symptoms. Collaboratively, we function as a team to gain your desired goals with lasting results.
With extensive training in experiential, humanistic, and psychodynamic therapies, I tailor my approach to meet your specific needs within your desired timeframe.
For those in search of secure, private, and confidential counseling, you have found the right place. My education and professional experience enable you to achieve your goals by delving into the root causes of issues, rather than merely managing symptoms. Collaboratively, we function as a team to gain your desired goals with lasting results.
(585) 378-4144 View (585) 378-4144
Photo of Matthew Couch, Counselor in Honeoye, NY
Matthew Couch
Counselor, MS, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Buffalo, NY 14209
I use several different theories to help you meet your goals, relying heavily on psychodynamic, humanistic, acceptance-commitment, and cognitive behavioral therapies.
Worry, sadness, and uncertainty are natural responses to feeling you can't control parts of your life. Often regaining control feels like it requires giving up something else, whether it is time with family and friends, your passions, or last night's sleep. While dark humor, caffeine, and willpower may get you far, you shouldn’t have to give up the best parts of your life to just survive. No matter how you got here, you are the expert on yourself. My responsibility is to create a supportive and attentive space where you can gain perspective and resume growth.
I use several different theories to help you meet your goals, relying heavily on psychodynamic, humanistic, acceptance-commitment, and cognitive behavioral therapies.
Worry, sadness, and uncertainty are natural responses to feeling you can't control parts of your life. Often regaining control feels like it requires giving up something else, whether it is time with family and friends, your passions, or last night's sleep. While dark humor, caffeine, and willpower may get you far, you shouldn’t have to give up the best parts of your life to just survive. No matter how you got here, you are the expert on yourself. My responsibility is to create a supportive and attentive space where you can gain perspective and resume growth.
(716) 296-4352 View (716) 296-4352
Photo of Jennifer Eastman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Honeoye, NY
Jennifer Eastman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ithaca, NY 14850
Waitlist for new clients
I use a variety of approaches some of which include Motivational Interviewing, CBT, DBT, Solution Focused Therapy and Humanistic Therapy to help clients feel better equipped to manage all that life throws at us.
Welcome! As we all know, life's emotional challenges can interfere with our ability to maintain a productive and fulfilling life. In my more than 25 years working as a licensed mental health professional in both inpatient and outpatient settings, I have worked with adolescents and adults struggling with many different issues including depression, anxiety, relationship challenges, overwhelming stress and managing the struggles that can come with the myriad of changes that are inevitable throughout our lives (college stress, job pressures, grief and loss, etc.).
I use a variety of approaches some of which include Motivational Interviewing, CBT, DBT, Solution Focused Therapy and Humanistic Therapy to help clients feel better equipped to manage all that life throws at us.
Welcome! As we all know, life's emotional challenges can interfere with our ability to maintain a productive and fulfilling life. In my more than 25 years working as a licensed mental health professional in both inpatient and outpatient settings, I have worked with adolescents and adults struggling with many different issues including depression, anxiety, relationship challenges, overwhelming stress and managing the struggles that can come with the myriad of changes that are inevitable throughout our lives (college stress, job pressures, grief and loss, etc.).
(607) 544-6951 View (607) 544-6951
Photo of Dr. Marisol Valencia-Payne, Psychologist in Honeoye, NY
Dr. Marisol Valencia-Payne
Psychologist, Psy D, M A
Verified Verified
Victor, NY 14564  (Online Only)
My background is in psychodynamic and psychoanalytic therapies; I have also trained in CBT, DBT, systems, and humanistic approaches and utilize an integrated approach.
Reaching out is often the toughest step and it is very important (and can be rewarding) to find the right fit! Each individual has their own unique story and experiences and therefore deserving of an individualized approach to therapy. The therapeutic relationship should foster one's personal journey to self exploration and growth. My goal is to help you find your best fit and support you in your personal growth, healing, and self-empowering journey. My approach is often described as supportive, warm, empowering, challenging (when you need it), and humorous.
My background is in psychodynamic and psychoanalytic therapies; I have also trained in CBT, DBT, systems, and humanistic approaches and utilize an integrated approach.
Reaching out is often the toughest step and it is very important (and can be rewarding) to find the right fit! Each individual has their own unique story and experiences and therefore deserving of an individualized approach to therapy. The therapeutic relationship should foster one's personal journey to self exploration and growth. My goal is to help you find your best fit and support you in your personal growth, healing, and self-empowering journey. My approach is often described as supportive, warm, empowering, challenging (when you need it), and humorous.
(585) 541-3285 View (585) 541-3285
Photo of Tantenisha James, Counselor in Honeoye, NY
Tantenisha James
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Rochester, NY 14618
I graduated from Pace University with my Master's Degree as a Licensed Mental Health Therapist and Substance Abuse Counselor. I do not believe in a one-size-fits-all approach to therapy as each individual has specific treatment needs as each person's experiences and the emotional impact of those experiences are unique to that individual. This is why my theoretical approach is humanistic and client-centered. I use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Adler, and Gestalt.
I graduated from Pace University with my Master's Degree as a Licensed Mental Health Therapist and Substance Abuse Counselor. I do not believe in a one-size-fits-all approach to therapy as each individual has specific treatment needs as each person's experiences and the emotional impact of those experiences are unique to that individual. This is why my theoretical approach is humanistic and client-centered. I use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Adler, and Gestalt.
(585) 440-7934 View (585) 440-7934
Photo of Emily Michalski, Art Therapist in Honeoye, NY
Emily Michalski
Art Therapist, MS, LCAT
Verified Verified
Rochester, NY 14607
Hello! My name is Emily, and I am a Licensed Creative Arts Therapist in New York State. Difficult experiences in life can bring up feelings of shame, worthlessness, or lack of direction, and it can be hard to know what to do. With compassion and honesty, I will assist you in working your way through issues while identifying your core values and emotional needs. I am a creative and humanistic therapist, utilizing a mixture theoretical approaches to best meet your needs. I look forward to joining you on your journey to living a soulful life!
Hello! My name is Emily, and I am a Licensed Creative Arts Therapist in New York State. Difficult experiences in life can bring up feelings of shame, worthlessness, or lack of direction, and it can be hard to know what to do. With compassion and honesty, I will assist you in working your way through issues while identifying your core values and emotional needs. I am a creative and humanistic therapist, utilizing a mixture theoretical approaches to best meet your needs. I look forward to joining you on your journey to living a soulful life!
(585) 534-3017 View (585) 534-3017
Photo of Dr. Skultip (Jill) Sirikantraporn, Psychologist in Honeoye, NY
Dr. Skultip (Jill) Sirikantraporn
Psychologist, PsyD, RYT
Verified Verified
Tonawanda, NY 14150  (Online Only)
My approach is a blend of cognitive behavioral, humanistic, and mind-body healing interventions with your unique needs and style at the center of my work.
I am licensed in New York and California with 12 years of professional clinical work experience. As a licensed psychologist and a yoga instructor, I see the healing journey for all of us as holistic, fresh, and full of growing and healing possibilities for both our mind and body. I truly believe in everyone's full potential to create a healthy, happy, and fulfilling life, despite hardships and struggles. In fact, often it is the hardships and struggles that motivate us to get in touch with our strengths to overcome and thrive to live life to the fullest.
My approach is a blend of cognitive behavioral, humanistic, and mind-body healing interventions with your unique needs and style at the center of my work.
I am licensed in New York and California with 12 years of professional clinical work experience. As a licensed psychologist and a yoga instructor, I see the healing journey for all of us as holistic, fresh, and full of growing and healing possibilities for both our mind and body. I truly believe in everyone's full potential to create a healthy, happy, and fulfilling life, despite hardships and struggles. In fact, often it is the hardships and struggles that motivate us to get in touch with our strengths to overcome and thrive to live life to the fullest.
(716) 454-3583 View (716) 454-3583
Photo of Tomesha Hall, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Honeoye, NY
Tomesha Hall
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fulton, NY 13069  (Online Only)
Utilizing a dynamic blend of therapeutic approaches including cognitive behavior therapy, humanistic therapy, solution-focused therapy, reality theory, and coaching, I provide a comprehensive framework for personal development.
Whether you're navigating relationships, managing workplace stress, setting boundaries, or pursuing career growth without burnout, I'm here to support you. For teens facing social challenges, my goal is to provide tailored guidance and tools to cope with stress and foster a positive mindset. Rooted in a safe and empowering space, my approach focuses on self-discovery, resilience-building, and breaking free from hindering patterns. Together, we'll journey towards a balanced life where you thrive.
Utilizing a dynamic blend of therapeutic approaches including cognitive behavior therapy, humanistic therapy, solution-focused therapy, reality theory, and coaching, I provide a comprehensive framework for personal development.
Whether you're navigating relationships, managing workplace stress, setting boundaries, or pursuing career growth without burnout, I'm here to support you. For teens facing social challenges, my goal is to provide tailored guidance and tools to cope with stress and foster a positive mindset. Rooted in a safe and empowering space, my approach focuses on self-discovery, resilience-building, and breaking free from hindering patterns. Together, we'll journey towards a balanced life where you thrive.
(315) 953-0173 View (315) 953-0173
Photo of Amy J Sargent Westermann, Counselor in Honeoye, NY
Amy J Sargent Westermann
Counselor, LMHC, CCTP I, CCTP II
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Weedsport, NY 13166
Many things can affect the ways we think, feel and interact with the world. Having the courage to call a counselor and say, “I need help”, is a huge step toward inviting change. My part in that journey is helping you develop positive trust based connections in an environment of support and acceptance. I use a strengths based, humanistic approach to meet you where you are in your life. Simply, I bring my authentic self and meet you where you're at.
Many things can affect the ways we think, feel and interact with the world. Having the courage to call a counselor and say, “I need help”, is a huge step toward inviting change. My part in that journey is helping you develop positive trust based connections in an environment of support and acceptance. I use a strengths based, humanistic approach to meet you where you are in your life. Simply, I bring my authentic self and meet you where you're at.
(315) 766-2565 View (315) 766-2565
Photo of Peace, Love, & Counseling by Fran - Francis A. Bax, Counselor in Honeoye, NY
Peace, Love, & Counseling by Fran - Francis A. Bax
Counselor, MS, LMHC, LPC, CASAC-M
Verified Verified
North Tonawanda, NY 14120  (Online Only)
My approaches combine cognitive-behavioral, humanistic, motivational and rational-emotive counseling.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in New York State and a Licensed Professional Counselor in Nevada with over 25 years of clinical experience in behavioral health counseling. I’ve worked with individuals dealing with chemical dependency, mental health issues and co-occurring disorders. I work with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges, OCD and ADHD. I help people who have experienced physical trauma and emotional abuse. I work with athletes to help them improve their sports performance and mental framework.
My approaches combine cognitive-behavioral, humanistic, motivational and rational-emotive counseling.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in New York State and a Licensed Professional Counselor in Nevada with over 25 years of clinical experience in behavioral health counseling. I’ve worked with individuals dealing with chemical dependency, mental health issues and co-occurring disorders. I work with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges, OCD and ADHD. I help people who have experienced physical trauma and emotional abuse. I work with athletes to help them improve their sports performance and mental framework.
(716) 219-0152 View (716) 219-0152
Photo of Danielle Jones, Counselor in Honeoye, NY
Danielle Jones
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Rochester, NY 14613
Waitlist for new clients
I have experience with various approaches including cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic and solution focused.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in New York with experience working with youth, adults and families. I specialize in maternal mental health, family systems and individual personal development. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, domestic violence, familial relationship issues, trauma and career difficulties.
I have experience with various approaches including cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic and solution focused.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in New York with experience working with youth, adults and families. I specialize in maternal mental health, family systems and individual personal development. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns including depression, anxiety, domestic violence, familial relationship issues, trauma and career difficulties.
(585) 460-4420 View (585) 460-4420
Photo of Hannah Pietra, Creative Arts Therapist in Honeoye, NY
Hannah Pietra
Creative Arts Therapist, MS, LCAT, MT-BC, CLC
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13214
I’ve experienced first hand how a single diagnosis or issue impacts multiple aspects of a person, and this has shaped my “whole person,” humanistic approach.
“Every story matters…We are all worthy of telling our stories and having them heard.” Using compassion and curiosity, I support individuals in their journey towards personal growth and discovery. Do you find yourself feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or unfulfilled in life? I help people find balance, gain relief, and better connect with their bodies and minds to achieve enhanced wellness.
I’ve experienced first hand how a single diagnosis or issue impacts multiple aspects of a person, and this has shaped my “whole person,” humanistic approach.
“Every story matters…We are all worthy of telling our stories and having them heard.” Using compassion and curiosity, I support individuals in their journey towards personal growth and discovery. Do you find yourself feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or unfulfilled in life? I help people find balance, gain relief, and better connect with their bodies and minds to achieve enhanced wellness.
(315) 810-6212 View (315) 810-6212
Photo of Yadira Rivera, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Honeoye, NY
Yadira Rivera
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Clay, NY 13041  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My practice is informed by a humanistic perspective that accounts the impact that race, culture and generational dynamics has.
I am a trauma informed therapist with significant experience in diverse roles in the mental health field. I am passionate about working with Neurodivergent, LGTBQ+, BIPOC and immigrant communities. I specialize in depression, anxiety, trauma, personality disorders, life transitions, ADHD/ADD and other mood disorders. As a bilingual Spanish-speaking therapist, I focus on a culturally competent approach to assess and support my clients throughout their growth and healing journey.
My practice is informed by a humanistic perspective that accounts the impact that race, culture and generational dynamics has.
I am a trauma informed therapist with significant experience in diverse roles in the mental health field. I am passionate about working with Neurodivergent, LGTBQ+, BIPOC and immigrant communities. I specialize in depression, anxiety, trauma, personality disorders, life transitions, ADHD/ADD and other mood disorders. As a bilingual Spanish-speaking therapist, I focus on a culturally competent approach to assess and support my clients throughout their growth and healing journey.
(680) 204-4645 View (680) 204-4645
Photo of Kaitlin Carrozza, Psychologist in Honeoye, NY
Kaitlin Carrozza
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Rochester, NY 14607
Although I primarily use an insight-oriented, relational, and humanistic approach within treatment, I also have experience with cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques.
As a clinical psychologist specializing in relationship difficulties, I have worked with many individuals who struggle with conflict in their intimate relationships, experience fears about closeness or intimacy, feel anxiety about relating to others, and those who have trouble feeling generally satisfied in their relationships. I believe that dissatisfying relationships contribute to emotional stress and pain, and that promoting stronger, healthier relationships can lead to people experiencing happier and more productive lives. I work with individuals to explore these struggles and develop understanding or insight about their patterns in relationships, with the ultimate goal of helping people have a different experience in their current relationships.
Although I primarily use an insight-oriented, relational, and humanistic approach within treatment, I also have experience with cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques.
As a clinical psychologist specializing in relationship difficulties, I have worked with many individuals who struggle with conflict in their intimate relationships, experience fears about closeness or intimacy, feel anxiety about relating to others, and those who have trouble feeling generally satisfied in their relationships. I believe that dissatisfying relationships contribute to emotional stress and pain, and that promoting stronger, healthier relationships can lead to people experiencing happier and more productive lives. I work with individuals to explore these struggles and develop understanding or insight about their patterns in relationships, with the ultimate goal of helping people have a different experience in their current relationships.
(585) 445-7114 View (585) 445-7114

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Humanistic Therapists

How does humanistic therapy work?

One tenet of humanistic therapy is that people are good. The humanistic approach is concerned with a person’s ability to accept oneself. It likewise encourages a person to overcome self-criticism and self-defeating tendencies, as well as disapproval from others. This approach also emphasizes self-actualization and treating an individual as a whole person. A foundation of this therapy type: The patient is the expert in their life, and treatment often takes the individual’s lead.

Is humanistic therapy evidence-based?

Humanistic therapy is an evidence-based practice. Research has found that humanistic therapy can lead to significant improvement, and for some people it can be just as effective as other therapies, such as Cognitive behavioral therapy. The benefits of humanistic therapy are enduring.

How long does humanistic therapy last?

The goal of humanistic therapy is to understand a person’s day-to-day experiences. While sessions can be short-term and last over a few months, therapy can sometimes continue beyond that and last up to a year or more. And because patients learn the theory behind humanistic therapy during treatment, they can also practice its tenets throughout life after therapy sessions have been completed.

Is humanistic therapy effective?

According to research, many patients find success with humanistic therapy. Researchers note that the therapy is particularly useful in addressing poor self-esteem and self-sabotage, as well as improving conditions including anxiety and depression. Improvements in problem areas can be long standing, as individuals can continue working on themselves by using the tools they’ve learned during treatment.