Therapists in Aptos, CA

Photo of Joel Stiles, Psychologist in Aptos, CA
Joel Stiles
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
Often life presents us with difficulties and painful challenges. I can help whether your intention is to heal from past or current emotional struggles or to improve relationships. Together we can explore your strengths as well as your difficulties to find solutions. I work with individuals, couples, and families to strengthen relationships and improve communication. I have a strong appreciation for diversity and believe each individual has unique gifts. I am skilled in responding to your individual needs with compassion and respect.
Often life presents us with difficulties and painful challenges. I can help whether your intention is to heal from past or current emotional struggles or to improve relationships. Together we can explore your strengths as well as your difficulties to find solutions. I work with individuals, couples, and families to strengthen relationships and improve communication. I have a strong appreciation for diversity and believe each individual has unique gifts. I am skilled in responding to your individual needs with compassion and respect.
(831) 278-3136 x14 View (831) 278-3136 x14
Photo of Karen Ouse, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Karen Ouse
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, SEP, NARM
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003
Waitlist for new clients
Are you suffering from the effects of trauma in your life? Are you finding that talk therapy alone is not shifting patterns of mood and behavior? I am a holistic psychotherapist with specialized training in Somatic Experiencing and the Neuro-Affective Relational Model. You may feel as though you don't know who you are any more, that life has become burdensome, or maybe you have the sense that you were never really your authentic self to begin with. Perhaps you experience physiological and behavioral symptoms such as addiction, overwhelm, and isolation. This loss of connection to self/other is indicative of trauma. I can help you.
Are you suffering from the effects of trauma in your life? Are you finding that talk therapy alone is not shifting patterns of mood and behavior? I am a holistic psychotherapist with specialized training in Somatic Experiencing and the Neuro-Affective Relational Model. You may feel as though you don't know who you are any more, that life has become burdensome, or maybe you have the sense that you were never really your authentic self to begin with. Perhaps you experience physiological and behavioral symptoms such as addiction, overwhelm, and isolation. This loss of connection to self/other is indicative of trauma. I can help you.
(831) 216-5398 View (831) 216-5398
Photo of Stan Einhorn, Psychologist in Aptos, CA
Stan Einhorn
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Hello, thank you for taking the time to see if I am a good fit for you as a therapist. Helping people discover their own solutions to improve their lives is truly rewarding for me. I will help you find your path to these solutions. I offer a safe and accepting space in which we explore the issues that challenge you in the present and how that may relate to emotional burdens of the past. Together we work to heal old wounds so that they no longer negatively impact decisions, relationships, or patterns of behaviors in your present life.
Hello, thank you for taking the time to see if I am a good fit for you as a therapist. Helping people discover their own solutions to improve their lives is truly rewarding for me. I will help you find your path to these solutions. I offer a safe and accepting space in which we explore the issues that challenge you in the present and how that may relate to emotional burdens of the past. Together we work to heal old wounds so that they no longer negatively impact decisions, relationships, or patterns of behaviors in your present life.
(831) 278-4932 View (831) 278-4932
Photo of Craig Rothhammer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Aptos, CA
Craig Rothhammer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003  (Online Only)
I am a highly experienced practitioner with 43 years of clinical experience, willing to work with more complex cases. I have a calm demeanor (California beach style) but communicate directly, with transparency and tact. My goal is assist you in developing the skills and insights to approach a vast array of situations., with a higher degree of success. I seek to provide the means to manage immediate issues, but also techniques to become more independent in facing the inevitable future challenges of life. I have seen exclusively Kaiser NorCal clients.
I am a highly experienced practitioner with 43 years of clinical experience, willing to work with more complex cases. I have a calm demeanor (California beach style) but communicate directly, with transparency and tact. My goal is assist you in developing the skills and insights to approach a vast array of situations., with a higher degree of success. I seek to provide the means to manage immediate issues, but also techniques to become more independent in facing the inevitable future challenges of life. I have seen exclusively Kaiser NorCal clients.
(562) 352-1243 View (562) 352-1243
Photo of Darcy Cavanaugh, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Aptos, CA
Darcy Cavanaugh
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
So glad that you are here. Whether you are struggling with something that has recently arisen, or are ready to dive into healing the past, I am here to support you in your journey. I am a Somatic based psychotherapist who works to integrate trauma through safely accessing the body and mind. LGBTQIA affirmative and diversity oriented, I aim to address underlying systems of power within and surrounding each of us. In doing so, I work in a way that supports and nurtures whatever shows up.
So glad that you are here. Whether you are struggling with something that has recently arisen, or are ready to dive into healing the past, I am here to support you in your journey. I am a Somatic based psychotherapist who works to integrate trauma through safely accessing the body and mind. LGBTQIA affirmative and diversity oriented, I aim to address underlying systems of power within and surrounding each of us. In doing so, I work in a way that supports and nurtures whatever shows up.
(831) 201-1994 View (831) 201-1994
Photo of Dustin Adler, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Dustin Adler
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003  (Online Only)
Are you waking up already consumed by stress, anxiety, and feeling exhausted? Or each day starts off heavy with the burden of an overwhelming life? Whether you’re feeling totally hopeless, the darkness of depression has overtaken you, you have lost your sense of purpose, or are deflated in your career or your relationship, I CAN help. Together, we’ll get to the root of where your pain comes from, learn what truly drives you, and discover parts of your identity that have long disappeared. You’ll learn tools to get out of your own way, stop judging yourself, and break free from the painful cycles that you have been stuck in.
Are you waking up already consumed by stress, anxiety, and feeling exhausted? Or each day starts off heavy with the burden of an overwhelming life? Whether you’re feeling totally hopeless, the darkness of depression has overtaken you, you have lost your sense of purpose, or are deflated in your career or your relationship, I CAN help. Together, we’ll get to the root of where your pain comes from, learn what truly drives you, and discover parts of your identity that have long disappeared. You’ll learn tools to get out of your own way, stop judging yourself, and break free from the painful cycles that you have been stuck in.
(442) 218-3142 View (442) 218-3142
Photo of Ross Bryan, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Ross Bryan
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95001
I help people through difficult times and growth periods in their lives and have been counseling professionally since 2002. My education includes Sonoma State University, University of Southern California and John F. Kennedy University. Through over three decades of work in various businesses and counseling situations I understand a diverse range of viewpoints, needs and desires. When someone is in a challenging time in their life, they need a compassionate and non-judgmental, yet direct and experienced professional to illuminate the path and bring clarity to a situation.
I help people through difficult times and growth periods in their lives and have been counseling professionally since 2002. My education includes Sonoma State University, University of Southern California and John F. Kennedy University. Through over three decades of work in various businesses and counseling situations I understand a diverse range of viewpoints, needs and desires. When someone is in a challenging time in their life, they need a compassionate and non-judgmental, yet direct and experienced professional to illuminate the path and bring clarity to a situation.
(831) 778-4485 View (831) 778-4485
Photo of Emily Cross, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Emily Cross
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
I have a passion for working with people who are hurting and trying to figure out how to cope with life's struggles. I do not believe we are meant to barely survive, just getting by, day to day. I believe we are meant to thrive and find ways to enjoy life, even when going through hard times. I also believe mental illness such as depression is a healing emotion alerting us something must change in order to nurture our self. I would love to meet you and see if we make a good fit.
I have a passion for working with people who are hurting and trying to figure out how to cope with life's struggles. I do not believe we are meant to barely survive, just getting by, day to day. I believe we are meant to thrive and find ways to enjoy life, even when going through hard times. I also believe mental illness such as depression is a healing emotion alerting us something must change in order to nurture our self. I would love to meet you and see if we make a good fit.
(831) 263-4720 x08 View (831) 263-4720 x08
Photo of Michael James Miceli, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Michael James Miceli
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and the Co-Founder of A New Hope Family Counseling & Consulting Inc. (A New Hope). I have an extensive history of service to the mental health community, specializing in treatment of Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia, OCD, Anxiety Disorders, Depression, and Borderline Personality Disorder. My work is informed by CBT, DBT, Narrative, and Solution-Focused modalities. I look forward to working with you!
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and the Co-Founder of A New Hope Family Counseling & Consulting Inc. (A New Hope). I have an extensive history of service to the mental health community, specializing in treatment of Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia, OCD, Anxiety Disorders, Depression, and Borderline Personality Disorder. My work is informed by CBT, DBT, Narrative, and Solution-Focused modalities. I look forward to working with you!
(831) 201-1993 View (831) 201-1993
Photo of Audre Nelson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Audre Nelson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
Good for you for taking the first step in reaching out for support. I appreciate that it can be challenging to make that initial move in creating change. I am a strength-based therapist who has been in practice for over 18 years. I work with individuals and families with my specialty being adolescents and people dealing with transitions in their lives.
Good for you for taking the first step in reaching out for support. I appreciate that it can be challenging to make that initial move in creating change. I am a strength-based therapist who has been in practice for over 18 years. I work with individuals and families with my specialty being adolescents and people dealing with transitions in their lives.
(831) 740-8610 View (831) 740-8610
Photo of Erin Liana Johnson, Counselor in Aptos, CA
Erin Liana Johnson
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003
If you have been living with chronic pain or illness your relationship to your physicality may currently feel jarred, broken, or thrown off course. You may be grieving the life you thought you would have, or feeling weighed down by addressing day to day challenges. If you are seeking to repair your relationship between yourself and your body, gain new coping skills, and challenge current paradigms, I would be a great fit for you!
If you have been living with chronic pain or illness your relationship to your physicality may currently feel jarred, broken, or thrown off course. You may be grieving the life you thought you would have, or feeling weighed down by addressing day to day challenges. If you are seeking to repair your relationship between yourself and your body, gain new coping skills, and challenge current paradigms, I would be a great fit for you!
(831) 215-4138 View (831) 215-4138
Photo of Trinity Mcwilliams, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Trinity Mcwilliams
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA, BA
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
Trinity holds a Masters in Clinical Psychology and is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. She has taught Child Development at the College Level and specializes in the following areas: individual & couples counseling, children & adolescents (0-18 years of age) and family counseling, trauma, abuse (sexual, physical and emotional) recovery (also EMDR trained), attachment challenges, drug & alcohol addiction, depression, anxiety, grief and loss, relationship issues, establishing healthy boundaries, life transitions.
Trinity holds a Masters in Clinical Psychology and is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. She has taught Child Development at the College Level and specializes in the following areas: individual & couples counseling, children & adolescents (0-18 years of age) and family counseling, trauma, abuse (sexual, physical and emotional) recovery (also EMDR trained), attachment challenges, drug & alcohol addiction, depression, anxiety, grief and loss, relationship issues, establishing healthy boundaries, life transitions.
(831) 346-1627 View (831) 346-1627
Photo of Stephen L Braveman, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Stephen L Braveman
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, DST, CST, CST-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003  (Online Only)
Founder and Director of the Intimacy, Sexuality & Gender Center of California, Stephen has been providing professional top of the field Sex Therapy and Gender Identity Therapy to the Central Coast for over 32 years! ISGC, extensively serves the needs of individuals with sexual dysfunctions, those who have been sexually abused, couples struggling with sexual and intimacy issues, the Transgender/Transsexual community, the LGBT communities and the communities of all other sexual and gender minorities. Stephen also serves Victims of Domestic Violence and Sexual Compulsivity (Out of Control Sexual Behavior.)
Founder and Director of the Intimacy, Sexuality & Gender Center of California, Stephen has been providing professional top of the field Sex Therapy and Gender Identity Therapy to the Central Coast for over 32 years! ISGC, extensively serves the needs of individuals with sexual dysfunctions, those who have been sexually abused, couples struggling with sexual and intimacy issues, the Transgender/Transsexual community, the LGBT communities and the communities of all other sexual and gender minorities. Stephen also serves Victims of Domestic Violence and Sexual Compulsivity (Out of Control Sexual Behavior.)
(831) 216-6848 View (831) 216-6848
Photo of Eric Ochoa, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Eric Ochoa
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
I am committed to helping you find the best clinician for your needs. Feel free to reach out to me and I will listen to your needs and help connect you with someone who can help--whether that is me or another clinician.
I am committed to helping you find the best clinician for your needs. Feel free to reach out to me and I will listen to your needs and help connect you with someone who can help--whether that is me or another clinician.
(831) 201-5326 View (831) 201-5326
Photo of Osha Brodsky, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Aptos, CA
Osha Brodsky
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
I am passionate about supporting couples, families, adolescents, and adults to nurture their strengths and to discover areas where growth and healing is possible. My holistic approach to therapy aims to empower you to make peace with past traumas, to clear obstacles in the pursuit of happiness, and to become more fulfilled in life!
I am passionate about supporting couples, families, adolescents, and adults to nurture their strengths and to discover areas where growth and healing is possible. My holistic approach to therapy aims to empower you to make peace with past traumas, to clear obstacles in the pursuit of happiness, and to become more fulfilled in life!
(831) 888-1198 View (831) 888-1198
Photo of Bob Gallo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Aptos, CA
Bob Gallo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, BCD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003
I enjoy being a psychotherapist and take pride in doing good work. Being in the field for 30 years has given me a broad range of experience and knowledge that I bring to my practice. Besides helping with recent and long-standing concerns or difficulties, therapy can also play an important role in furthering one's personal and spiritual growth. I maintain a diverse practice working with people who seek assistance for a wide range of concerns/hopes related to depression, anxiety, relationships, parenting, self-esteem/self-worth, life transitions, life direction and purpose, trauma, grief, etc.
I enjoy being a psychotherapist and take pride in doing good work. Being in the field for 30 years has given me a broad range of experience and knowledge that I bring to my practice. Besides helping with recent and long-standing concerns or difficulties, therapy can also play an important role in furthering one's personal and spiritual growth. I maintain a diverse practice working with people who seek assistance for a wide range of concerns/hopes related to depression, anxiety, relationships, parenting, self-esteem/self-worth, life transitions, life direction and purpose, trauma, grief, etc.
(831) 768-8384 View (831) 768-8384
Photo of Cheryl Jacques, Psychologist in Aptos, CA
Cheryl Jacques
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
Waitlist for new clients
My background and training is psychoanalytic psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, which I offer to individuals, teens and couples. Together we work towards a deeper understanding of yourself and parts of you not yet well integrated into wholeness. We work collaboratively to resolve personal and interpersonal conflicts, and seek to improve your mood and behavior with compassionate understanding. Symptoms can arise from a traumatic and abusive history and I help you to heal from those experiences. I offer Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy (KAP) in collaboration with Journey Clinical to qualified individuals as an assist in treatment.
My background and training is psychoanalytic psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, which I offer to individuals, teens and couples. Together we work towards a deeper understanding of yourself and parts of you not yet well integrated into wholeness. We work collaboratively to resolve personal and interpersonal conflicts, and seek to improve your mood and behavior with compassionate understanding. Symptoms can arise from a traumatic and abusive history and I help you to heal from those experiences. I offer Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy (KAP) in collaboration with Journey Clinical to qualified individuals as an assist in treatment.
(510) 653-0678 View (510) 653-0678
Photo of Erin Bucci, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Erin Bucci
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
Waitlist for new clients
Sometimes we need extra help when facing particularly painful, overwhelming, or puzzling situations. By setting aside a dedicated time and place in which to bring your full attention (and mine) to the task of sorting out what pains or blocks you, you give yourself the best opportunity to craft the life you wish to live. In the company of a skilled practitioner, the process of therapy can help you work through old patterns and address the challenges at hand. You can experience a greater sense of meaning, purpose, and peace in your life and in your relationships.
Sometimes we need extra help when facing particularly painful, overwhelming, or puzzling situations. By setting aside a dedicated time and place in which to bring your full attention (and mine) to the task of sorting out what pains or blocks you, you give yourself the best opportunity to craft the life you wish to live. In the company of a skilled practitioner, the process of therapy can help you work through old patterns and address the challenges at hand. You can experience a greater sense of meaning, purpose, and peace in your life and in your relationships.
(831) 531-2727 View (831) 531-2727
Photo of Amy Gregg, Psychologist in Aptos, CA
Amy Gregg
Psychologist, PhD, MA
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003  (Online Only)
I want to hear what you have to say, supporting you with compassion and insight. Who are you at your deepest, truest self? I use the Feeling Good model of CBT and EMDR (Flash and regular EMDR) to help bring awareness to your inner processes, effectively releasing emotion, negative thoughts, and healing trauma. Learn to offer yourself loving kindness and neutrally observe what you are feeling and thinking. Practice self care to to treat yourself as your own best friend. Enlightenment is possible and is an ongoing journey of deepening that awareness.
I want to hear what you have to say, supporting you with compassion and insight. Who are you at your deepest, truest self? I use the Feeling Good model of CBT and EMDR (Flash and regular EMDR) to help bring awareness to your inner processes, effectively releasing emotion, negative thoughts, and healing trauma. Learn to offer yourself loving kindness and neutrally observe what you are feeling and thinking. Practice self care to to treat yourself as your own best friend. Enlightenment is possible and is an ongoing journey of deepening that awareness.
(831) 800-2381 View (831) 800-2381
Photo of Amanda L. Hamilton, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Amanda L. Hamilton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003
Are you ready to transform your life and your relationships? To pick up the pieces and reassemble them in a more beautiful way? To explore issues related to sexuality, partnership, and family? By reclaiming the forgotten parts of the self, we move towards wholeness. It is time to make peace with the past, learn to live in the present, and gain clarity of vision for a future worth living. By turning towards our suffering in a safe environment, we can transform our wounds into a source of beauty and strength. It is possible to live a life deeply connected to ourselves, our families, our loved ones, and the Earth.
Are you ready to transform your life and your relationships? To pick up the pieces and reassemble them in a more beautiful way? To explore issues related to sexuality, partnership, and family? By reclaiming the forgotten parts of the self, we move towards wholeness. It is time to make peace with the past, learn to live in the present, and gain clarity of vision for a future worth living. By turning towards our suffering in a safe environment, we can transform our wounds into a source of beauty and strength. It is possible to live a life deeply connected to ourselves, our families, our loved ones, and the Earth.
(831) 218-6084 View (831) 218-6084

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Aptos, CA

100+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in Aptos, CA who prioritize treating:

90% Depression
90% Anxiety
87% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
71% Grief
71% Trauma and PTSD
64% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

16 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

33% Other
32% Aetna
32% MHN | Health Net

How Therapists in Aptos, CA see their clients

83% In Person and Online
17% Online Only

Gender breakdown

73% Female
26% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Aptos?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.