Therapists in Johnson City, TN

Photo of Stacey Shine, Licensed Professional Counselor in Johnson City, TN
Stacey Shine
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Johnson City, TN 37615  (Online Only)
I enjoying working with clients who are ready to get back to their optimal level of functioning. We all get in ruts and go through hard times. My goal is to help my clients figure out how to gain skills to get past what they are going through currently and be able to tackle any issues in the future as well.
I enjoying working with clients who are ready to get back to their optimal level of functioning. We all get in ruts and go through hard times. My goal is to help my clients figure out how to gain skills to get past what they are going through currently and be able to tackle any issues in the future as well.
(423) 205-7099 View (423) 205-7099
Photo of Jordan Lovetere, Pre-Licensed Professional in Johnson City, TN
Jordan Lovetere
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Johnson City, TN 37601
Hi, I'm Jordan! I work with pre-teen and adolescent clients on telehealth. That means we can work through hard times in the comfort of your safe space. If you're local to Johnson City, I provide play therapy services to children ages 5 and up. I believe each person holds the answers to their own healing within themselves; it is through the therapeutic process that we can uncover them together. Through active listening techniques, I can help individuals gain greater insight into themselves so they can make lasting changes in their lives.
Hi, I'm Jordan! I work with pre-teen and adolescent clients on telehealth. That means we can work through hard times in the comfort of your safe space. If you're local to Johnson City, I provide play therapy services to children ages 5 and up. I believe each person holds the answers to their own healing within themselves; it is through the therapeutic process that we can uncover them together. Through active listening techniques, I can help individuals gain greater insight into themselves so they can make lasting changes in their lives.
(423) 564-5507 View (423) 564-5507
Photo of Kay Collake, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Johnson City, TN
Kay Collake
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Johnson City, TN 37601
Do you find yourself overwhelmed with the competing priorities of daily life? Stuck in unhealthy patterns such as overuse of alcohol, procrastination, or emotional eating? Are your days spent battling perfectionism and negative self-talk? Would you like to be more active socially but struggle with anxiety or feelings of low self-worth? Hi. I’m Kay. Congratulations on taking the first step toward living your best life! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 15 years of experience providing psychotherapy, assessment, and referral services to adults, children, and families.
Do you find yourself overwhelmed with the competing priorities of daily life? Stuck in unhealthy patterns such as overuse of alcohol, procrastination, or emotional eating? Are your days spent battling perfectionism and negative self-talk? Would you like to be more active socially but struggle with anxiety or feelings of low self-worth? Hi. I’m Kay. Congratulations on taking the first step toward living your best life! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 15 years of experience providing psychotherapy, assessment, and referral services to adults, children, and families.
(615) 392-6827 View (615) 392-6827
Photo of Rebecca Lewis Alexander, Marriage & Family Therapist in Johnson City, TN
Rebecca Lewis Alexander
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Johnson City, TN 37601
All of us can identify times when we want more for ourselves but can't seem to make it happen. Things get in the way - busy schedules, stress, fatigue, fear, emotional blocks and old patterns. It's ok. It's not you. We are not meant to heal and grow on our own, and we never really reach the end. Second Nature Therapy offers a safe, supportive system of care for healing your wounds, growing your strengths, identifying your values and vision, and building habits that become "second nature" to nurturing your best life.
All of us can identify times when we want more for ourselves but can't seem to make it happen. Things get in the way - busy schedules, stress, fatigue, fear, emotional blocks and old patterns. It's ok. It's not you. We are not meant to heal and grow on our own, and we never really reach the end. Second Nature Therapy offers a safe, supportive system of care for healing your wounds, growing your strengths, identifying your values and vision, and building habits that become "second nature" to nurturing your best life.
(423) 556-7578 View (423) 556-7578
Photo of Vanessa Civil, Pre-Licensed Professional in Johnson City, TN
Vanessa Civil
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Johnson City, TN 37601  (Online Only)
Welcome! I specialize in supporting young adults, and couples through life's transitions, self-discovery, and relationships. My passion lies in empowering individuals to develop independence and nurture a confident identity. For couples, I guide the process of blending two unique identities into a harmonious partnership. I find profound joy in witnessing my clients as they courageously confront challenging emotions, navigate complex behaviors, and nurture healthier relationships. Together, we'll unravel the past, envision the future, and I'll stand by your side, offering empathy and unwavering support every step of the way.
Welcome! I specialize in supporting young adults, and couples through life's transitions, self-discovery, and relationships. My passion lies in empowering individuals to develop independence and nurture a confident identity. For couples, I guide the process of blending two unique identities into a harmonious partnership. I find profound joy in witnessing my clients as they courageously confront challenging emotions, navigate complex behaviors, and nurture healthier relationships. Together, we'll unravel the past, envision the future, and I'll stand by your side, offering empathy and unwavering support every step of the way.
(423) 516-8194 View (423) 516-8194
Photo of Tranquil JC, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Johnson City, TN
Tranquil JC, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Johnson City, TN 37604
Compassion, trust and balance are at the heart of the work that we do. We approach challenges with curiosity and collaboration. We strive to provide a supportive and therapeutic environment where you can navigate your concerns and align yourself with your goals. Treatment is customized and unique, as each person who we work with is special and has distinct strengths, needs and preferences. We value diversity and foster inclusivity as an ally and as a partner on your individual path. We are direct and thoughtful, supportive and empathic. We work with clients to develop strengths and achieve life goals.
Compassion, trust and balance are at the heart of the work that we do. We approach challenges with curiosity and collaboration. We strive to provide a supportive and therapeutic environment where you can navigate your concerns and align yourself with your goals. Treatment is customized and unique, as each person who we work with is special and has distinct strengths, needs and preferences. We value diversity and foster inclusivity as an ally and as a partner on your individual path. We are direct and thoughtful, supportive and empathic. We work with clients to develop strengths and achieve life goals.
(423) 214-2394 View (423) 214-2394
Photo of Robin Hebert, Pre-Licensed Professional in Johnson City, TN
Robin Hebert
Pre-Licensed Professional, t-LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Johnson City, TN 37615
I am passionate about working with first responders and veterans. I understand the importance of having a counselor that is culturally competent in these professions. As a former first responder of 18 years (firefighter, EMT and peace officer), I have a sincere and genuine motivation to continue helping others. I specialize in trauma, anxiety, relationships, performance related challenges with athletes, and sexual health. I work with many individuals from all walks of life, not just first responders.
I am passionate about working with first responders and veterans. I understand the importance of having a counselor that is culturally competent in these professions. As a former first responder of 18 years (firefighter, EMT and peace officer), I have a sincere and genuine motivation to continue helping others. I specialize in trauma, anxiety, relationships, performance related challenges with athletes, and sexual health. I work with many individuals from all walks of life, not just first responders.
(423) 401-9854 View (423) 401-9854
Photo of Allison Alford, Licensed Professional Counselor in Johnson City, TN
Allison Alford
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPCMHSP
Verified Verified
Johnson City, TN 37601
Allison Alford is an experienced Licensed Professional Counselor and Mental Health Service Provider engaging individuals and families to help them deal with life’s transitions and struggles. Using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), she utilizes a compassionate, person-centered approach to helping her clients process and understand their own thoughts and emotions. Allison helps address issues such as relationship struggles, stress and anxiety, religious issues and trauma, and life transitions. Allison’s therapeutic approach is rooted in a belief that individuals can move towards their goals of healing
Allison Alford is an experienced Licensed Professional Counselor and Mental Health Service Provider engaging individuals and families to help them deal with life’s transitions and struggles. Using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), she utilizes a compassionate, person-centered approach to helping her clients process and understand their own thoughts and emotions. Allison helps address issues such as relationship struggles, stress and anxiety, religious issues and trauma, and life transitions. Allison’s therapeutic approach is rooted in a belief that individuals can move towards their goals of healing
(423) 799-3246 View (423) 799-3246
Photo of Katy Shuck, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Johnson City, TN
Katy Shuck
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Johnson City, TN 37601
It is so lovely to meet you! The minute you enter my office I will accept and EMBRACE you just as you are. We are humans. We are flawed, but beautifully flawed. I strongly believe healing begins with the therapeutic relationship and I will do my best to create a safe space for vulnerability. I am a therapist AND a social worker. I believe in holistic care that is tailored to the individual (s) as well as the power of networking, referrals, and continuity of care. I may challenge you to be the best version of yourself because you deserve the best that this short life has to offer.
It is so lovely to meet you! The minute you enter my office I will accept and EMBRACE you just as you are. We are humans. We are flawed, but beautifully flawed. I strongly believe healing begins with the therapeutic relationship and I will do my best to create a safe space for vulnerability. I am a therapist AND a social worker. I believe in holistic care that is tailored to the individual (s) as well as the power of networking, referrals, and continuity of care. I may challenge you to be the best version of yourself because you deserve the best that this short life has to offer.
(423) 436-1348 View (423) 436-1348
Photo of Lee Sinnott, Licensed Professional Counselor in Johnson City, TN
Lee Sinnott
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Johnson City, TN 37604
Lee Sinnott is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with over 6 years of experience, working with a wide variety of people. He is passionate about helping his clients in those around him to find their personal power and developing skills to live a life of their own, making in line with their goals and dreams.
Lee Sinnott is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with over 6 years of experience, working with a wide variety of people. He is passionate about helping his clients in those around him to find their personal power and developing skills to live a life of their own, making in line with their goals and dreams.
(423) 561-9574 View (423) 561-9574
Photo of Laura Maxwell, Licensed Psychoanalyst in Johnson City, TN
Laura Maxwell
Licensed Psychoanalyst, LPC/MHS
Not Verified Not Verified
Johnson City, TN 37601
Laura Maxwell is a psychotherapist licensed to practice in Tennessee and Virginia. She holds a Master of Arts in Counseling from East Tennessee State University and a Master of Education from West Texas A&M University. She has experience working in various clinical settings, including community mental health, higher education, inpatient and private practice.
Laura Maxwell is a psychotherapist licensed to practice in Tennessee and Virginia. She holds a Master of Arts in Counseling from East Tennessee State University and a Master of Education from West Texas A&M University. She has experience working in various clinical settings, including community mental health, higher education, inpatient and private practice.
(423) 481-9124 View (423) 481-9124
Photo of Carly Hedrick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Johnson City, TN
Carly Hedrick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Johnson City, TN 37601
Carly Hedrick is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the state of Tennessee. Carly graduated with her Master's degree in Social Work from East Tennessee State University. She also earned a Master's degree in Divinity from Emmanuel Christian Seminary. Carly’s approach to therapy is shaped by past occupational experiences which have taught her to sit with others in painful emotions and stressful circumstances and listen with compassion, curiosity, and acceptance.
Carly Hedrick is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the state of Tennessee. Carly graduated with her Master's degree in Social Work from East Tennessee State University. She also earned a Master's degree in Divinity from Emmanuel Christian Seminary. Carly’s approach to therapy is shaped by past occupational experiences which have taught her to sit with others in painful emotions and stressful circumstances and listen with compassion, curiosity, and acceptance.
(423) 482-9816 View (423) 482-9816
Photo of Jennifer Maxson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Johnson City, TN
Jennifer Maxson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Johnson City, TN 37601
Jennifer's philosophy is "one day, and one step at a time. " She works to create a welcoming and supportive therapeutic atmosphere, working in partnership with clients to help them define their challenges and create simple objectives on their path towards achieving their mental health goals. Jennifer takes a holistic overview with clients, helping them explore all facets of their life and environment as a means to understand and address areas of struggle. Her approach offers an inclusive, comfortable setting, taking each client's personal background and culture into consideration.
Jennifer's philosophy is "one day, and one step at a time. " She works to create a welcoming and supportive therapeutic atmosphere, working in partnership with clients to help them define their challenges and create simple objectives on their path towards achieving their mental health goals. Jennifer takes a holistic overview with clients, helping them explore all facets of their life and environment as a means to understand and address areas of struggle. Her approach offers an inclusive, comfortable setting, taking each client's personal background and culture into consideration.
(423) 456-9936 View (423) 456-9936
Photo of Sara Anderson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Johnson City, TN
Sara Anderson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Johnson City, TN 37601
Sara Anderson is a Licensed Professional Counselor "“ Mental Health Service Provider. Sara is passionate about restoration and healing brokenness. She is deeply committed to helping clients answer life's big questions, gain insight into their emotions, and live authentically. Sara assists people throughout their lifespan, supporting them as they navigate anxiety, depression, grief and loss, life transitions, faith questions, emerging adulthood, and relationship issues. Sara grew up in Southeast Asia and spent another 10 years living and working abroad after university.
Sara Anderson is a Licensed Professional Counselor "“ Mental Health Service Provider. Sara is passionate about restoration and healing brokenness. She is deeply committed to helping clients answer life's big questions, gain insight into their emotions, and live authentically. Sara assists people throughout their lifespan, supporting them as they navigate anxiety, depression, grief and loss, life transitions, faith questions, emerging adulthood, and relationship issues. Sara grew up in Southeast Asia and spent another 10 years living and working abroad after university.
(423) 556-3197 View (423) 556-3197
Photo of Amy McLaughlin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Johnson City, TN
Amy McLaughlin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Johnson City, TN 37601
Waitlist for new clients
Is the past influencing your present life? I have discovered that so many of us have a hard time living in the present because of things from our past... or we struggle because we don't believe we are "good enough." I have been practicing for 13 years. I am trained in EMDR and believe everyone can grow, heal, and live fulfilling lives. My greatest joy is seeing my clients redefine who they are according to their values...Being able to be authentic. No longer confined to the pressures, ideals and expectations of others or shackled to the past.
Is the past influencing your present life? I have discovered that so many of us have a hard time living in the present because of things from our past... or we struggle because we don't believe we are "good enough." I have been practicing for 13 years. I am trained in EMDR and believe everyone can grow, heal, and live fulfilling lives. My greatest joy is seeing my clients redefine who they are according to their values...Being able to be authentic. No longer confined to the pressures, ideals and expectations of others or shackled to the past.
(423) 456-9008 View (423) 456-9008
Photo of Molly K Colley, Counselor in Johnson City, TN
Molly K Colley
Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Johnson City, TN 37601
Not accepting new clients
I work primarily with adults, many of whom are neurodivergent. As a neurodiversity affirming therapist, I do not see Autism, ADHD, and other neurodivergent experiences as something to be "fixed," I see them as something to be explored, accepted, and affirmed. My own experience as a neurodivergent person has been invaluable in guiding my understanding. I am also passionate about my work with overwhelmed parents and caregivers, those with chronic health conditions, and people navigating their way through various life transitions.
I work primarily with adults, many of whom are neurodivergent. As a neurodiversity affirming therapist, I do not see Autism, ADHD, and other neurodivergent experiences as something to be "fixed," I see them as something to be explored, accepted, and affirmed. My own experience as a neurodivergent person has been invaluable in guiding my understanding. I am also passionate about my work with overwhelmed parents and caregivers, those with chronic health conditions, and people navigating their way through various life transitions.
(423) 451-8759 View (423) 451-8759
Photo of Cathlyn Cannon, Licensed Professional Counselor in Johnson City, TN
Cathlyn Cannon
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
Johnson City, TN 37601
Cathlyn C. Cannon has dedicated her life to helping people improve their quality of life and find hope in life's challenges. Cathy takes her commitment as a therapist seriously, encouraging each person to work out the solutions that best fit the individual's lifestyle. She works within a cognitive-behavioral framework to improve clients' coping strategies and reduce or eliminate negative thoughts and habits. She is considered a generalist, having worked with clients with adjustment of life issues, depression, anxiety, traumatic stress disorders, relationship issues, as well as parenting and family issues.
Cathlyn C. Cannon has dedicated her life to helping people improve their quality of life and find hope in life's challenges. Cathy takes her commitment as a therapist seriously, encouraging each person to work out the solutions that best fit the individual's lifestyle. She works within a cognitive-behavioral framework to improve clients' coping strategies and reduce or eliminate negative thoughts and habits. She is considered a generalist, having worked with clients with adjustment of life issues, depression, anxiety, traumatic stress disorders, relationship issues, as well as parenting and family issues.
(423) 436-7602 View (423) 436-7602
Sierra Frosley
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Johnson City, TN 37601
Hi! I'm Sierra, a child therapist at Sunny Path Counseling in Johnson City, TN. All people have a story to share. It is my absolute honor to hold space for the stories of the unique individuals who come to me for therapy. Providing a safe place for all my clients to feel validated, understood, and supported is something I strive for as a clinician. I am passionate about helping children and young adults in their healing process and meeting them where they are in their story. I seek to empower individuals to become their most authentic self.
Hi! I'm Sierra, a child therapist at Sunny Path Counseling in Johnson City, TN. All people have a story to share. It is my absolute honor to hold space for the stories of the unique individuals who come to me for therapy. Providing a safe place for all my clients to feel validated, understood, and supported is something I strive for as a clinician. I am passionate about helping children and young adults in their healing process and meeting them where they are in their story. I seek to empower individuals to become their most authentic self.
(423) 418-5721 View (423) 418-5721
Photo of Christine Steadman, Pre-Licensed Professional in Johnson City, TN
Christine Steadman
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Johnson City, TN 37601
Not accepting new clients
I'm committed to empowering adults struggling with anxiety, depression, life transitions, self-esteem issues, relationship concerns, and trauma. Understanding the importance of the therapeutic relationship, I seek to understand clients' needs, concerns, goals, and history. As a certified yoga instructor, I incorporate techniques and exercises that address issues of the mind as well as trauma the body can hold. While sessions are tailored to the needs of each client, treatment focuses on addressing the individual holistically. I use various therapeutic styles that include Gestalt, cognitive behavioral, existential, and somatic.
I'm committed to empowering adults struggling with anxiety, depression, life transitions, self-esteem issues, relationship concerns, and trauma. Understanding the importance of the therapeutic relationship, I seek to understand clients' needs, concerns, goals, and history. As a certified yoga instructor, I incorporate techniques and exercises that address issues of the mind as well as trauma the body can hold. While sessions are tailored to the needs of each client, treatment focuses on addressing the individual holistically. I use various therapeutic styles that include Gestalt, cognitive behavioral, existential, and somatic.
(423) 205-7260 View (423) 205-7260
Photo of Rachael Voelker - Sunny Path Counseling, Pre-Licensed Professional in Johnson City, TN
Rachael Voelker - Sunny Path Counseling
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Johnson City, TN 37601
Rachael finds herself using Solution Focused and Behavioral Therapy due to the rapid results and retention of new skills. She believes that Mental Health should be treated the same as one who goes to the Medical Doctor for an illness, we want results, and that is what she wants to give you. Of course, all treatments are not the same and some bumps in the road take longer to repair. Rachael is willing and able to adjust her Therapeutic skills to meet your needs and is willing to walk right beside you as you heal, no matter how long it takes.
Rachael finds herself using Solution Focused and Behavioral Therapy due to the rapid results and retention of new skills. She believes that Mental Health should be treated the same as one who goes to the Medical Doctor for an illness, we want results, and that is what she wants to give you. Of course, all treatments are not the same and some bumps in the road take longer to repair. Rachael is willing and able to adjust her Therapeutic skills to meet your needs and is willing to walk right beside you as you heal, no matter how long it takes.
(423) 564-5962 View (423) 564-5962

See more therapy options for Johnson City

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Johnson City, TN

100+

Average cost per session

$100

Therapists in Johnson City, TN who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
84% Depression
73% Relationship Issues
72% Trauma and PTSD
67% Self Esteem
65% Coping Skills
64% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

87% Cigna and Evernorth
76% Aetna
73% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Johnson City, TN see their clients

80% In Person and Online
20% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
25% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Johnson City?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.