Therapists in San Francisco, CA

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Photo of Brad Harbin Psychotherapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Brad Harbin Psychotherapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94103  (Online Only)
Sometimes who we think we are "supposed" to be and who we are in our truth don't always line up causing anxiety, depression, conflict in relationships and career. Recognizing and allowing the true self to emerge is empowering and challenging. I work collaboratively with you to discover this truth and along the way build some skills and strategies to support us along the journey - uncovering your strengths, your desires and your self. We will chat, move, breathe, write maybe even dance. The body is the anchor and sometimes we forget how wise and rich it is. We will see if we can rediscover this truth. I think we can.
Sometimes who we think we are "supposed" to be and who we are in our truth don't always line up causing anxiety, depression, conflict in relationships and career. Recognizing and allowing the true self to emerge is empowering and challenging. I work collaboratively with you to discover this truth and along the way build some skills and strategies to support us along the journey - uncovering your strengths, your desires and your self. We will chat, move, breathe, write maybe even dance. The body is the anchor and sometimes we forget how wise and rich it is. We will see if we can rediscover this truth. I think we can.
(628) 230-4787 View (628) 230-4787
Photo of Abigail K, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Abigail K
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94132  (Online Only)
We help over-achieving, perfectionist women get rid of anxiety, find inner peace and true confidence. Are you finally at a place in your life where you're no longer in survival mode? You’ve hit your career milestones? You’re checking off the bucket list items? Your friends and family think you’re doing so well… but there's still something missing? I get it. You might experience low levels of chronic depression and anxiety masked as perfectionism, people-pleasing, or work-a-holic like tendencies.
We help over-achieving, perfectionist women get rid of anxiety, find inner peace and true confidence. Are you finally at a place in your life where you're no longer in survival mode? You’ve hit your career milestones? You’re checking off the bucket list items? Your friends and family think you’re doing so well… but there's still something missing? I get it. You might experience low levels of chronic depression and anxiety masked as perfectionism, people-pleasing, or work-a-holic like tendencies.
(415) 687-4262 View (415) 687-4262
Photo of Rick Nizzardini, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Rick Nizzardini
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, JD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114
People have questions about therapy or selecting a therapist: When is the right time? What can it help me with? How do I find the right therapist? From my perspective, therapy is a process where we can change our internal sense of self to enjoy and engage with the world more. We can alter beliefs about ourselves and world that may not work nor support us in becoming who we want to be. Therapy is like this: helping to move you to an awareness of all that you're capable of with the ability to tolerate feelings that arise in life.
People have questions about therapy or selecting a therapist: When is the right time? What can it help me with? How do I find the right therapist? From my perspective, therapy is a process where we can change our internal sense of self to enjoy and engage with the world more. We can alter beliefs about ourselves and world that may not work nor support us in becoming who we want to be. Therapy is like this: helping to move you to an awareness of all that you're capable of with the ability to tolerate feelings that arise in life.
(415) 801-8306 View (415) 801-8306
Photo of Mary Kennedy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Mary Kennedy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94118
I am a licensed psychotherapist who is deeply committed to supporting those whose lives have been impacted by alcohol or drugs. I am compassionate, practical, engaged and genuine. If you have struggled or are still struggling, I can help. If you are worried about someone who struggles, I can help. Even if you are unsure of what you may need, I can support you. I strive to develop meaningful therapeutic relationships that allow for understanding, grieving, healing and growth. Those who find help may be children, adult children, spouses, partners, parents, grandparents, couples, women or men.
I am a licensed psychotherapist who is deeply committed to supporting those whose lives have been impacted by alcohol or drugs. I am compassionate, practical, engaged and genuine. If you have struggled or are still struggling, I can help. If you are worried about someone who struggles, I can help. Even if you are unsure of what you may need, I can support you. I strive to develop meaningful therapeutic relationships that allow for understanding, grieving, healing and growth. Those who find help may be children, adult children, spouses, partners, parents, grandparents, couples, women or men.
(415) 689-1690 View (415) 689-1690
Photo of Roberto Garcia II, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Roberto Garcia II
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94112  (Online Only)
I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist certified to provide mental health services in the state of California. I have been providing mental health services for the past 6 years working with non-profit community mental health clinics, probation offices & court systems, middle school, high schools and now as a private practice clinician. Within these settings, I have had the privilege of working with individuals, couples, parents, teenagers, children and families at many different phases of life and personal development.
I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist certified to provide mental health services in the state of California. I have been providing mental health services for the past 6 years working with non-profit community mental health clinics, probation offices & court systems, middle school, high schools and now as a private practice clinician. Within these settings, I have had the privilege of working with individuals, couples, parents, teenagers, children and families at many different phases of life and personal development.
(415) 914-1442 View (415) 914-1442
Photo of Marie Lanier in San Francisco, CA
Marie Lanier
LICSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94123
We all possess the means to heal and self soothe, however at times the internal resources needed to unlock transformation are blocked. The modalities I use focus on getting you better access to the inherent qualities you already possess such as calm, compassion, confidence and intuition. We are all on a trajectory of healing and growth, and finding someone with the right tools, skills, wisdom and fit can accelerate your healing journey. My focus is getting you to a place of thriving, not just surviving, so you truly enjoy your life and feel inspired, uplifted and centered. You deserve to feel heard, understood and validated.
We all possess the means to heal and self soothe, however at times the internal resources needed to unlock transformation are blocked. The modalities I use focus on getting you better access to the inherent qualities you already possess such as calm, compassion, confidence and intuition. We are all on a trajectory of healing and growth, and finding someone with the right tools, skills, wisdom and fit can accelerate your healing journey. My focus is getting you to a place of thriving, not just surviving, so you truly enjoy your life and feel inspired, uplifted and centered. You deserve to feel heard, understood and validated.
(415) 941-4825 View (415) 941-4825
Photo of Annette Goldman Mosqueda, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Annette Goldman Mosqueda
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115
My integrative approach views you as a complete person, considering mind, body, spirit, culture, and personal history. These elements are incorporated in a dynamic therapeutic process that engages your senses and encourages prompt symptom relief. You will learn practical tools to cope with stress, identify triggers and end destructive patterns. This improved self-knowledge strengthens your mental health, relationships, and work-life. Through my extensive personal and professional experience, I have developed a vast and deep therapy tool kit. I look forward to exploring treatment plan tailored to your specific needs.
My integrative approach views you as a complete person, considering mind, body, spirit, culture, and personal history. These elements are incorporated in a dynamic therapeutic process that engages your senses and encourages prompt symptom relief. You will learn practical tools to cope with stress, identify triggers and end destructive patterns. This improved self-knowledge strengthens your mental health, relationships, and work-life. Through my extensive personal and professional experience, I have developed a vast and deep therapy tool kit. I look forward to exploring treatment plan tailored to your specific needs.
(415) 849-7081 View (415) 849-7081
Photo of Lorraine J Moreci, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Lorraine J Moreci
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115
I am interested in working with Individuals, couples, and children. My work focuses on clients dealing with PTSD, trauma (complex and single episodes), anxiety, depression, life transitions, and chronic health issues. Our work together might include mindfully exploring past and present issues and integrating your experience in an inclusive way. We will explore body, mind, and spirit together, all parts of self are welcome.
I am interested in working with Individuals, couples, and children. My work focuses on clients dealing with PTSD, trauma (complex and single episodes), anxiety, depression, life transitions, and chronic health issues. Our work together might include mindfully exploring past and present issues and integrating your experience in an inclusive way. We will explore body, mind, and spirit together, all parts of self are welcome.
(415) 594-4730 View (415) 594-4730
Photo of Dr. Tim Lewis, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Dr. Tim Lewis
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94107  (Online Only)
As a psychologist, writer, and trauma survivor, it's my passion and privilege to help others overcome life-changing tragedies. I'm dedicated to helping people make sense of the painful experiences that have shaped their lives. Over decades of education and personal exploration, I've had the good fortune to put together some of the essential pieces in life's puzzle. My new book, "Daddy" —which the The San Francisco Chronicle calls "“a thoughtful and expansive biography of PTSD” and “a compelling narrative of familial history"— draws from these experiences to explore violence, identity, and personal and collective trauma in America.
As a psychologist, writer, and trauma survivor, it's my passion and privilege to help others overcome life-changing tragedies. I'm dedicated to helping people make sense of the painful experiences that have shaped their lives. Over decades of education and personal exploration, I've had the good fortune to put together some of the essential pieces in life's puzzle. My new book, "Daddy" —which the The San Francisco Chronicle calls "“a thoughtful and expansive biography of PTSD” and “a compelling narrative of familial history"— draws from these experiences to explore violence, identity, and personal and collective trauma in America.
(415) 968-2122 View (415) 968-2122
Photo of George Kolcun, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
George Kolcun
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114
George Kolcun, MFT provides psychotherapy sessions for individuals, couples and adolescents to address a wide variety of challenges, with specific expertise in parenting support and couples work. George is licensed by the state of California as a Marriage and Family Therapist and is an adjunct professor of psychology at the University of San Francisco. George works in private practice in the Noe Valley neighborhood of San Francisco and central Marin County.
George Kolcun, MFT provides psychotherapy sessions for individuals, couples and adolescents to address a wide variety of challenges, with specific expertise in parenting support and couples work. George is licensed by the state of California as a Marriage and Family Therapist and is an adjunct professor of psychology at the University of San Francisco. George works in private practice in the Noe Valley neighborhood of San Francisco and central Marin County.
(415) 689-9442 View (415) 689-9442
Photo of Heather Ann Findlay, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Heather Ann Findlay
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102
Not accepting new clients
Perhaps you are struggling with depression or anxiety; perhaps you had a difficult childhood; maybe you are seeking a deeper, even spiritual connection to yourself, others, the universe. I strongly believe that your capacity to heal lies within you, and that my role is to create a safe place so that your inner healer can work its natural magic.
Perhaps you are struggling with depression or anxiety; perhaps you had a difficult childhood; maybe you are seeking a deeper, even spiritual connection to yourself, others, the universe. I strongly believe that your capacity to heal lies within you, and that my role is to create a safe place so that your inner healer can work its natural magic.
(415) 712-2569 View (415) 712-2569
Photo of Karyn Mendoza, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Karyn Mendoza
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
I came to this work with a deep desire to support others on their journey toward healing and wholehearted living. My approach is a trauma informed lens that affirms client’s culture, gender identity, and strengths. I create safe, inclusive, and warm environments that are uplifting while giving space to address the challenges that are standing in the way of living your best life.
I came to this work with a deep desire to support others on their journey toward healing and wholehearted living. My approach is a trauma informed lens that affirms client’s culture, gender identity, and strengths. I create safe, inclusive, and warm environments that are uplifting while giving space to address the challenges that are standing in the way of living your best life.
(415) 687-5672 View (415) 687-5672
Photo of Scott W. Menasco, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Scott W. Menasco
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115  (Online Only)
What brings us to ask for help often becomes fuel for transformation. Here, our symptoms are sign-posts letting us know that healing and growth are possible. I support my clients in seeing whatever challenge they bring to therapy as a call to transformation. I specialize in working with adults who want to heal and grow deeply. I have expertise recovery from shame, low self-esteem, codependency and developing self-compassion. The potential of therapy is about growth and fulfillment over the long arc of our lives and I maintain that whatever our current conflicts, they pertain to that.
What brings us to ask for help often becomes fuel for transformation. Here, our symptoms are sign-posts letting us know that healing and growth are possible. I support my clients in seeing whatever challenge they bring to therapy as a call to transformation. I specialize in working with adults who want to heal and grow deeply. I have expertise recovery from shame, low self-esteem, codependency and developing self-compassion. The potential of therapy is about growth and fulfillment over the long arc of our lives and I maintain that whatever our current conflicts, they pertain to that.
(415) 449-7953 View (415) 449-7953
Photo of Lori Roniger, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Lori Roniger
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94118  (Online Only)
I am passionate about helping you explore what’s getting in the way of being your full self and having the connections you want. I provide psychotherapy to adult individuals, couples, and more than couples from a place of open-mindedness, curiosity, and sex-positivity, and an awareness that our lives don’t always unfold as expected. People who work well with me include those with liminal identities that may not fit neatly into boxes and who may feel like outsiders in some spaces.
I am passionate about helping you explore what’s getting in the way of being your full self and having the connections you want. I provide psychotherapy to adult individuals, couples, and more than couples from a place of open-mindedness, curiosity, and sex-positivity, and an awareness that our lives don’t always unfold as expected. People who work well with me include those with liminal identities that may not fit neatly into boxes and who may feel like outsiders in some spaces.
(415) 903-0565 View (415) 903-0565
Photo of David McCarthy in San Francisco, CA
David McCarthy
MHC
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94104  (Online Only)
At SoundHeart Counseling we help clients from all walks of life, different backgrounds, and different age groups. Many of them came to counseling to address issues related to relationships, job stressors, past trauma, anger management, or to seek treatment for mental illness or addiction. Whether you want to gain self-confidence, improve your communication skills, overcome your past and present challenges, or find the courage to heal and forgive yourself or others, you've come to the right place! SoundHeart’s approach to premarital and couple counseling, and family therapy have helped many resolve conflicts and establish trust.
At SoundHeart Counseling we help clients from all walks of life, different backgrounds, and different age groups. Many of them came to counseling to address issues related to relationships, job stressors, past trauma, anger management, or to seek treatment for mental illness or addiction. Whether you want to gain self-confidence, improve your communication skills, overcome your past and present challenges, or find the courage to heal and forgive yourself or others, you've come to the right place! SoundHeart’s approach to premarital and couple counseling, and family therapy have helped many resolve conflicts and establish trust.
(628) 210-8823 View (628) 210-8823
Photo of Danielle Gotwalt, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Danielle Gotwalt
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115
We are wired for connection — with our internal selves, with others, and within broader communities. But oftentimes there are barriers. It can be something we learned when we were small and trying to survive, a message from dominant culture that plagues our sense of self, oppressive systems that can be exhausting to fight, and/or an emotional wound that needs time to heal. Whatever brings you to therapy, your awareness of seeking someone to walk with you on this healing path is a great first step!
We are wired for connection — with our internal selves, with others, and within broader communities. But oftentimes there are barriers. It can be something we learned when we were small and trying to survive, a message from dominant culture that plagues our sense of self, oppressive systems that can be exhausting to fight, and/or an emotional wound that needs time to heal. Whatever brings you to therapy, your awareness of seeking someone to walk with you on this healing path is a great first step!
(415) 888-9509 View (415) 888-9509
Photo of Michael Myette, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Michael Myette
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115  (Online Only)
Welcome!...If you are reading this, you are most likely looking to make a change. It could be something you have been working towards for some time, or a sudden spark of inspiration and clarity. Whatever your journey to this moment, you are in a ripe time for development and growth! I have extensive experience helping adults of all ages and orientations identify and meet their therapy, work, relationship, and life goals. I especially enjoy working adults struggling with anxiety, trauma, low-self-worth, life transitions, work/life balance, perfectionism, and self-actualization.
Welcome!...If you are reading this, you are most likely looking to make a change. It could be something you have been working towards for some time, or a sudden spark of inspiration and clarity. Whatever your journey to this moment, you are in a ripe time for development and growth! I have extensive experience helping adults of all ages and orientations identify and meet their therapy, work, relationship, and life goals. I especially enjoy working adults struggling with anxiety, trauma, low-self-worth, life transitions, work/life balance, perfectionism, and self-actualization.
(415) 991-7993 View (415) 991-7993
Photo of Brittany Olsen, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Brittany Olsen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94104
I work with clients to collaboratively develop a plan that addresses your needs, incorporates your strengths, and alleviates your symptoms in the most timely way possible. My approach is compassionate, solution-focused, and pragmatic. I believe that my clients ultimately know what is best for them, and it is my job to facilitate improvement through a empathic yet challenging therapeutic environment.
I work with clients to collaboratively develop a plan that addresses your needs, incorporates your strengths, and alleviates your symptoms in the most timely way possible. My approach is compassionate, solution-focused, and pragmatic. I believe that my clients ultimately know what is best for them, and it is my job to facilitate improvement through a empathic yet challenging therapeutic environment.
(415) 799-8100 View (415) 799-8100
Photo of Ivette Huerta, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Ivette Huerta
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
I have been working with the adults, parents, and families for over 20 years. I want to provide helping hands through your journey with the goal of you finding your self-worth and self-awareness. Life causes anxiety and frustrations, but with my guidance you will develop and strengthen yourself into a healthy individual. Through practical individual therapy, a change in your relationship will unfold before your eyes. I believe in creating a safe space for a client and taking time for self-care. I have worked with adults and families who've struggled with depression, anxiety, and trauma.
I have been working with the adults, parents, and families for over 20 years. I want to provide helping hands through your journey with the goal of you finding your self-worth and self-awareness. Life causes anxiety and frustrations, but with my guidance you will develop and strengthen yourself into a healthy individual. Through practical individual therapy, a change in your relationship will unfold before your eyes. I believe in creating a safe space for a client and taking time for self-care. I have worked with adults and families who've struggled with depression, anxiety, and trauma.
(415) 729-2474 View (415) 729-2474
Genie Dvorak
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94109
Dr. Dvorak is a Clinical Psychologist and Psychoanalyst practicing in San Francisco. She works with individuals, couples, children and adolescents. In addition to providing psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, she provides consultation for other clinicians and serves on a variety of professional committees. Her teaching and supervision affiliations include the San Francisco Center for Psychoanalysis, California Pacific Medical Center and Access Institute. In 2013, 2015 and 2017 Dr. Dvorak was selected as the Outstanding Teacher of the Year in CPMC's Psychology Training Program for her work as an instructor, supervisor and mentor.
Dr. Dvorak is a Clinical Psychologist and Psychoanalyst practicing in San Francisco. She works with individuals, couples, children and adolescents. In addition to providing psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, she provides consultation for other clinicians and serves on a variety of professional committees. Her teaching and supervision affiliations include the San Francisco Center for Psychoanalysis, California Pacific Medical Center and Access Institute. In 2013, 2015 and 2017 Dr. Dvorak was selected as the Outstanding Teacher of the Year in CPMC's Psychology Training Program for her work as an instructor, supervisor and mentor.
(415) 912-1780 View (415) 912-1780

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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Francisco, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$189

Therapists in San Francisco, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
55% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
54% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in San Francisco, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
23% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Francisco?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.