Therapists in Keaau, HI

Photo of Alex Stitt, Counselor, LMHC, LGBTQ+
Alex Stitt
Counselor, LMHC, LGBTQ+
Keaau, HI 96749
Waitlist for new clients
Warm, heartfelt, and open minded, I love helping people embrace their authenticity and work towards their goals. I believe therapy needs to balance deep introspection with practical solutions, so if you find yourself exploring your identity, your relationships, or your direction in life, let’s have a chat. Maybe its time to retrace your steps, or question the crossroad, or blaze a new trail, or rest a while. Wherever you are in your journey, I'll meet you where you're at.
Warm, heartfelt, and open minded, I love helping people embrace their authenticity and work towards their goals. I believe therapy needs to balance deep introspection with practical solutions, so if you find yourself exploring your identity, your relationships, or your direction in life, let’s have a chat. Maybe its time to retrace your steps, or question the crossroad, or blaze a new trail, or rest a while. Wherever you are in your journey, I'll meet you where you're at.
View
Photo of Camille Bourcier, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Camille Bourcier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Camille is a licensed social worker, psychotherapist and behavioral specialist who received her Master’s Degree in Social Work with an emphasis in Mental and Behavioral Health from the University of Hawaiʻi at Manoa. With over ten years experience working with adolescents, young adults, and families in outdoor, educational and therapeutic settings she brings a dynamic style, utilizing a strength-based approach. Camille has experience working with military families and local behavioral health organizations.
Camille is a licensed social worker, psychotherapist and behavioral specialist who received her Master’s Degree in Social Work with an emphasis in Mental and Behavioral Health from the University of Hawaiʻi at Manoa. With over ten years experience working with adolescents, young adults, and families in outdoor, educational and therapeutic settings she brings a dynamic style, utilizing a strength-based approach. Camille has experience working with military families and local behavioral health organizations.
View
Photo of Paul Swigart, Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Paul Swigart
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Keaau, HI 96749
My practice is most commonly graced by those experiencing struggles with identity, trauma, relationship issues, family concerns and autism who are seeking natural healing and growth. They include children, adolescents, couples and families who want to feel cared for, respected, accepted for who they are and guided into higher consciousness.
My practice is most commonly graced by those experiencing struggles with identity, trauma, relationship issues, family concerns and autism who are seeking natural healing and growth. They include children, adolescents, couples and families who want to feel cared for, respected, accepted for who they are and guided into higher consciousness.
(808) 746-5803 View (808) 746-5803
Photo of Serrylee Kanakaole-Wong - Steady Growth Wellness, Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MFTC, CSAC, ICADC
Steady Growth Wellness
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MFTC, CSAC, ICADC
Keaau, HI 96749
If you or your ʻohana are navigating the challenges of addiction, you may be feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, or uncertain about what comes next. You are not alone. In this space, we honor healing as a journey—one rooted in connection, compassion, and restoring balance. Together, we will gently rebuild your sense of self, strengthen relationships, and move toward a place of hope and wholeness. Healing happens in relationship. Let’s walk this path together.
If you or your ʻohana are navigating the challenges of addiction, you may be feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, or uncertain about what comes next. You are not alone. In this space, we honor healing as a journey—one rooted in connection, compassion, and restoring balance. Together, we will gently rebuild your sense of self, strengthen relationships, and move toward a place of hope and wholeness. Healing happens in relationship. Let’s walk this path together.
(808) 731-2786 View (808) 731-2786
Photo of Laura Dvorak, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Laura Dvorak
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
I’m a holistic psychotherapist who helps individuals and couples navigate the complexities of intimacy, communication, and desire with compassion and care. I specialize in grief support, medical advocacy, and sex + relational therapy. My passion is supporting people as they deepen their relationships—both with themselves and with others—through an approach that is affirming, nonjudgmental, intersectional, strengths-based, and trauma-capable. In these uncertain and trying times, we can look to the remedies of nature based and ancestral wisdom as well as deepening community engagement and social supports.
I’m a holistic psychotherapist who helps individuals and couples navigate the complexities of intimacy, communication, and desire with compassion and care. I specialize in grief support, medical advocacy, and sex + relational therapy. My passion is supporting people as they deepen their relationships—both with themselves and with others—through an approach that is affirming, nonjudgmental, intersectional, strengths-based, and trauma-capable. In these uncertain and trying times, we can look to the remedies of nature based and ancestral wisdom as well as deepening community engagement and social supports.
(808) 515-3520 View (808) 515-3520
Photo of Gary Norman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Gary Norman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Keaau, HI 96749
Hi, I’m Gary. I’m a clinical social worker with over 30 years of experience providing therapy, and I’m passionate about creating a space where you can feel genuinely heard, understood, and supported. My approach is calm, steady, and compassionate—I want you to feel safe enough to explore what’s hurting and confident enough to move toward the changes you want. I specialize in trauma, severe depression, couples therapy, and crisis intervention, helping you find clarity, relief, and reconnect with your strengths at your own pace.
Hi, I’m Gary. I’m a clinical social worker with over 30 years of experience providing therapy, and I’m passionate about creating a space where you can feel genuinely heard, understood, and supported. My approach is calm, steady, and compassionate—I want you to feel safe enough to explore what’s hurting and confident enough to move toward the changes you want. I specialize in trauma, severe depression, couples therapy, and crisis intervention, helping you find clarity, relief, and reconnect with your strengths at your own pace.
(808) 867-8929 View (808) 867-8929
Photo of Anuhea St Laurent, Marriage & Family Therapist, MSCP, LMFT
Anuhea St Laurent
Marriage & Family Therapist, MSCP, LMFT
Online Only
The clients I work with are Kanaka Maoli seeking to integrate modern psychology and cultural wisdom to live in better lōkahi (balance and harmony). They struggle to care for themselves due to caring for others and serving the Lāhui Hawaiʻi (Hawaiian Nation). This is often because of unresolved trauma, chronic stress from colonization, and anxiety that shows up as perfectionism, people-pleasing, or distraction from intuition. I help them reconnect to their mana (power) and strengthen self-trust so they can engage in healthy reciprocal relationships.
The clients I work with are Kanaka Maoli seeking to integrate modern psychology and cultural wisdom to live in better lōkahi (balance and harmony). They struggle to care for themselves due to caring for others and serving the Lāhui Hawaiʻi (Hawaiian Nation). This is often because of unresolved trauma, chronic stress from colonization, and anxiety that shows up as perfectionism, people-pleasing, or distraction from intuition. I help them reconnect to their mana (power) and strengthen self-trust so they can engage in healthy reciprocal relationships.
View
Photo of Zoey Faught, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Zoey Faught
Counselor, MA, LMHC
4 Endorsed
Online Only
Handling life’s challenges with presence of mind isn’t always easy. At Presence of Mind Counseling, we help you identify what’s contributing to your distress and support you in creating a more intentional, fulfilling life. We help people dealing with challenging life issues from relationship stresses, family turmoil, trauma, grief and loss, gender and/or sexual identity, anxiety, depression and beyond. We also work with people who simply want to find more meaning, purpose, fulfillment in their lives. We offer remote video sessions for WA and HI residents. Visit our website to complete a new appointment form.
Handling life’s challenges with presence of mind isn’t always easy. At Presence of Mind Counseling, we help you identify what’s contributing to your distress and support you in creating a more intentional, fulfilling life. We help people dealing with challenging life issues from relationship stresses, family turmoil, trauma, grief and loss, gender and/or sexual identity, anxiety, depression and beyond. We also work with people who simply want to find more meaning, purpose, fulfillment in their lives. We offer remote video sessions for WA and HI residents. Visit our website to complete a new appointment form.
View
Photo of Michele Bradley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Michele Bradley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
If you’re feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or weighed down by experiences that won’t let go, therapy can be a place to feel understood and begin healing. I believe therapy offers a meaningful opportunity to gain clarity, deepen self-understanding, and create lasting change. Together, we will explore life’s challenges, build on your strengths, and make space for growth and healing. I use a collaborative, strengths-based approach, tailoring therapy to each client’s unique needs. I draw on evidence-based practices, including EMDR, to help process traumatic experiences and ease emotional distress.
If you’re feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or weighed down by experiences that won’t let go, therapy can be a place to feel understood and begin healing. I believe therapy offers a meaningful opportunity to gain clarity, deepen self-understanding, and create lasting change. Together, we will explore life’s challenges, build on your strengths, and make space for growth and healing. I use a collaborative, strengths-based approach, tailoring therapy to each client’s unique needs. I draw on evidence-based practices, including EMDR, to help process traumatic experiences and ease emotional distress.
(808) 867-8929 View (808) 867-8929
Photo of Glenn Pressel, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Glenn Pressel
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
1 Endorsed
Keaau, HI 96749
I love working with couples. I know how difficult it is to get caught up in the negative repeated dance of conflict that feels unresolvable. I work with couples to focus on the attachment or bonding issues that come up in conflicts. When we feel truly secure with one another we can hear issues without negative escalation that just angers and terrifies each other. When I am not working with couples I work with people who are committed to recover from depression, anxiety, addictions (chemical and behavioral), PTSD, relationship issues, sexuality and death and dying issues. I have been in practice since the early 1980's and I belie
I love working with couples. I know how difficult it is to get caught up in the negative repeated dance of conflict that feels unresolvable. I work with couples to focus on the attachment or bonding issues that come up in conflicts. When we feel truly secure with one another we can hear issues without negative escalation that just angers and terrifies each other. When I am not working with couples I work with people who are committed to recover from depression, anxiety, addictions (chemical and behavioral), PTSD, relationship issues, sexuality and death and dying issues. I have been in practice since the early 1980's and I belie
(808) 987-6078 View (808) 987-6078
Photo of Taryn Leigh Church, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Taryn Leigh Church
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Online Only
My ideal clients are individuals who feel stuck in patterns shaped by trauma, chronic stress, or difficult relationships. They may struggle with anxiety, emotional overwhelm, or feeling disconnected from themselves. They want to better understand their inner world, feel safer in their bodies, and build healthier relationships. Through trauma-informed and nervous system–aware work, they seek greater self-trust, emotional balance, and a more grounded way of living.
My ideal clients are individuals who feel stuck in patterns shaped by trauma, chronic stress, or difficult relationships. They may struggle with anxiety, emotional overwhelm, or feeling disconnected from themselves. They want to better understand their inner world, feel safer in their bodies, and build healthier relationships. Through trauma-informed and nervous system–aware work, they seek greater self-trust, emotional balance, and a more grounded way of living.
(808) 999-7269 View (808) 999-7269
Photo of Sarah W Anderson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Sarah W Anderson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Keaau, HI 96749
What is psychotherapy, and why would you want to receive it? For me, psychotherapy is communication. It is a means of reflecting you back to yourself in a way that is instructive, enlightening, and healing. If you are experiencing low self-esteem, depression, thoughts of suicide, post-traumatic stress, anxiety, or fearfulness about the future, you could benefit from psychotherapy.
What is psychotherapy, and why would you want to receive it? For me, psychotherapy is communication. It is a means of reflecting you back to yourself in a way that is instructive, enlightening, and healing. If you are experiencing low self-esteem, depression, thoughts of suicide, post-traumatic stress, anxiety, or fearfulness about the future, you could benefit from psychotherapy.
(808) 731-2683 View (808) 731-2683
Photo of Elena Fosness, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Elena Fosness
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
My name is Elena Fosness and i am Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) in Minnesota. I work with teenagers and adults and specialize in depression, traumatic experiences and anxiety. I see my approach to therapy as a good fit working with teens and adults that experience challenging life transitions and difficult times managing their mental health symptoms. This often comes in the form of depression, anxiety, stress and trauma experience. I work to help my clients in navigating through difficult life periods and learning skills that help them to feel better about themselves and the world around.
My name is Elena Fosness and i am Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) in Minnesota. I work with teenagers and adults and specialize in depression, traumatic experiences and anxiety. I see my approach to therapy as a good fit working with teens and adults that experience challenging life transitions and difficult times managing their mental health symptoms. This often comes in the form of depression, anxiety, stress and trauma experience. I work to help my clients in navigating through difficult life periods and learning skills that help them to feel better about themselves and the world around.
(808) 444-5910 View (808) 444-5910
Photo of Teleise Scanlan, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MA
Teleise Scanlan
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MA
Online Only
You often carry more than you should— generational burdens, unspoken expectations, and the quiet weight of unresolved pain. You may feel the pull of two worlds, struggling to find balance between cultural identity and the pressures of a society that wasn’t built for you to thrive. Maybe you and your partner are caught in cycles of miscommunication, or you find yourself repeating patterns you don’t know how to break. Whether it’s identity, relationships, or the exhaustion of trying to keep up, you’re seeking clarity, connection, and a way forward. You want to feel seen, understood, and supported as you navigate these complexities.
You often carry more than you should— generational burdens, unspoken expectations, and the quiet weight of unresolved pain. You may feel the pull of two worlds, struggling to find balance between cultural identity and the pressures of a society that wasn’t built for you to thrive. Maybe you and your partner are caught in cycles of miscommunication, or you find yourself repeating patterns you don’t know how to break. Whether it’s identity, relationships, or the exhaustion of trying to keep up, you’re seeking clarity, connection, and a way forward. You want to feel seen, understood, and supported as you navigate these complexities.
(808) 515-5244 View (808) 515-5244
Photo of Louona'Lou' Larkspur - Sunrise Counseling Services LLC , Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Sunrise Counseling Services LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Aloha, I am currently accepting new HMSA and Kaiser clients. Are you feeling stuck after trauma, overwhelmed by anxiety, or navigating grief, caregiving, or chronic illness? You may be functioning on the outside but carrying a great deal internally. Therapy can offer a steady, supportive space to process what you’ve been holding and begin moving forward with greater clarity and resilience. With over 15 years of professional experience, I bring warmth, cultural awareness, and a collaborative approach to our work. I specialize in trauma, life transitions, grief and loss, chronic pain and illness, and the emotional toll of caregiving.
Aloha, I am currently accepting new HMSA and Kaiser clients. Are you feeling stuck after trauma, overwhelmed by anxiety, or navigating grief, caregiving, or chronic illness? You may be functioning on the outside but carrying a great deal internally. Therapy can offer a steady, supportive space to process what you’ve been holding and begin moving forward with greater clarity and resilience. With over 15 years of professional experience, I bring warmth, cultural awareness, and a collaborative approach to our work. I specialize in trauma, life transitions, grief and loss, chronic pain and illness, and the emotional toll of caregiving.
(808) 466-7268 View (808) 466-7268
Photo of Keaton Veda, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Keaton Veda
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I work with individuals, parents, and families facing behavioral challenges, stress, or feeling stuck in patterns that aren’t working. Many come in wanting practical tools to manage emotions better, improve relationships, or move toward personal goals. With my background in behavioral health in the school system, I bring a systems-focused approach that looks at the bigger picture. Together, we build realistic strategies, strengthen communication, and create meaningful, lasting change.
I work with individuals, parents, and families facing behavioral challenges, stress, or feeling stuck in patterns that aren’t working. Many come in wanting practical tools to manage emotions better, improve relationships, or move toward personal goals. With my background in behavioral health in the school system, I bring a systems-focused approach that looks at the bigger picture. Together, we build realistic strategies, strengthen communication, and create meaningful, lasting change.
(808) 468-9851 View (808) 468-9851
Photo of David Wayne Adamson - Keaau Counseling Services, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Keaau Counseling Services
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Keaau, HI 96749
I specialize in working with individuals and families where there has been sexual, emotional, or physical abuse in their history. I also work with juvenile and adult offenders. This is my 50th year as a therapist. I also work with substance abuse issues and couples. I work with children from age 5 and up, as long as the family is willing to also come in. I am willing to attend and testify in court issues.
I specialize in working with individuals and families where there has been sexual, emotional, or physical abuse in their history. I also work with juvenile and adult offenders. This is my 50th year as a therapist. I also work with substance abuse issues and couples. I work with children from age 5 and up, as long as the family is willing to also come in. I am willing to attend and testify in court issues.
(808) 892-3353 View (808) 892-3353
Photo of Rainbow Zeng - Rainbow Bridge Counseling and Consultation , LMHC
Rainbow Bridge Counseling and Consultation
Verified Verified
Online Only
I work with adults from diverse backgrounds who feel overwhelmed, stuck in old patterns, or disconnected from their inner truth. Many appear high-functioning but struggle with anxiety, grief, trauma, burnout, or relational challenges. Some are professionals seeking clarity, purpose, or deeper personal growth. My work draws on decades of clinical experience, teaching, and writing in counseling, integrating insight, empathy, and real-world guidance.
I work with adults from diverse backgrounds who feel overwhelmed, stuck in old patterns, or disconnected from their inner truth. Many appear high-functioning but struggle with anxiety, grief, trauma, burnout, or relational challenges. Some are professionals seeking clarity, purpose, or deeper personal growth. My work draws on decades of clinical experience, teaching, and writing in counseling, integrating insight, empathy, and real-world guidance.
(425) 494-5392 View (425) 494-5392
Photo of Christine Park, Counselor, PhD, LMHC, REAT, NCC, CMP
Christine Park
Counselor, PhD, LMHC, REAT, NCC, CMP
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
As a counselor, I utilize a strengths-based and person-centered approach. I believe in fostering genuine connections and cultivating resilience within individuals. Each person possesses inherent strengths waiting to be unearthed, and my role is to provide a safe and supportive space for this exploration. Being born and raised in Hawaiʻi, my approach is informed by the spirit of aloha and local Hawaiian values. I prioritize building trust and creating a sense of belonging. I recognize the importance of cultural identity and honor the diverse backgrounds of those I work with.
As a counselor, I utilize a strengths-based and person-centered approach. I believe in fostering genuine connections and cultivating resilience within individuals. Each person possesses inherent strengths waiting to be unearthed, and my role is to provide a safe and supportive space for this exploration. Being born and raised in Hawaiʻi, my approach is informed by the spirit of aloha and local Hawaiian values. I prioritize building trust and creating a sense of belonging. I recognize the importance of cultural identity and honor the diverse backgrounds of those I work with.
(808) 862-6016 View (808) 862-6016
Photo of Mary Kay Lowe, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Mary Kay Lowe
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Welcome to my Psychology Today profile! It is so awesome that you took the first step (often the most difficult) to overcome, heal and grow from experiences and challenges that you are facing. I am passionate about working with clients. I utilize a strength-based, systemic approach when working with clients on their family, work, school and/or their social relationship issues. I strongly support client's choice to utilize their own spiritual beliefs to assist them in their healing process and journey.
Welcome to my Psychology Today profile! It is so awesome that you took the first step (often the most difficult) to overcome, heal and grow from experiences and challenges that you are facing. I am passionate about working with clients. I utilize a strength-based, systemic approach when working with clients on their family, work, school and/or their social relationship issues. I strongly support client's choice to utilize their own spiritual beliefs to assist them in their healing process and journey.
(952) 209-0322 View (952) 209-0322

See more therapy options for Keaau

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Keaau, HI

50+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Keaau, HI who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
84% Trauma and PTSD
82% Depression
68% Self Esteem
66% Relationship Issues
66% Grief
60% Stress

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Hawaii Medical Services Association
58% BlueCross and BlueShield
56% Hawaii Medical Assurance Association

How Therapists in Keaau, HI see their clients

54% In Person and Online
46% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Keaau?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.