Therapists in Boulder, CO

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Photo of Erica Brann, LCSW, Psychotherapy, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boulder, CO
Erica Brann, LCSW, Psychotherapy, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80302
The desire to be connected to others is innate, and yet we sometimes find ourselves alone, hopeless, sad, scared, and angry. I believe that being connected to ourselves and others is part of the human experience, and recovery from symptoms that interrupt our ability to live our lives to the fullest is possible. I have over 20 years of experience working with individuals who struggle with issues related to depression, anxiety, trauma and addiction. I believe change and insight are possible, and freedom from pain and suffering is attainable.
The desire to be connected to others is innate, and yet we sometimes find ourselves alone, hopeless, sad, scared, and angry. I believe that being connected to ourselves and others is part of the human experience, and recovery from symptoms that interrupt our ability to live our lives to the fullest is possible. I have over 20 years of experience working with individuals who struggle with issues related to depression, anxiety, trauma and addiction. I believe change and insight are possible, and freedom from pain and suffering is attainable.
(720) 782-1142 View (720) 782-1142
Photo of Rachel Edwards, Counselor in Boulder, CO
Rachel Edwards
Counselor, MA, LPCC, NCC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80303
Are you feeling overwhelmed, lonely, helpless, anxious or sad? Do you find it difficult to connect with friends, family and loved ones? These are common challenges that many of us face and you are not alone. My training and education have equipped me with a range of therapeutic techniques and approaches, including EMDR, Flash Technique, IFS, CBT, DBT, and mindfulness-based therapy. I believe that everyone is capable of growth, change and healing, and I am here to support you every step of the way. Together, we can work to rewire your nervous system and restore balance, peace, and happiness to your life.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, lonely, helpless, anxious or sad? Do you find it difficult to connect with friends, family and loved ones? These are common challenges that many of us face and you are not alone. My training and education have equipped me with a range of therapeutic techniques and approaches, including EMDR, Flash Technique, IFS, CBT, DBT, and mindfulness-based therapy. I believe that everyone is capable of growth, change and healing, and I am here to support you every step of the way. Together, we can work to rewire your nervous system and restore balance, peace, and happiness to your life.
(720) 664-5846 View (720) 664-5846
Photo of Valdon Ross | Creative Life Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boulder, CO
Valdon Ross | Creative Life Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80301
Counseling for mental health, personal growth, and well-being. Unlearn the Unessential. Grow & Heal. "When the student is ready, the teacher will appear." My role is to help the you, the ready student, to discover their Inner-Teacher and Self-Leadership.
Counseling for mental health, personal growth, and well-being. Unlearn the Unessential. Grow & Heal. "When the student is ready, the teacher will appear." My role is to help the you, the ready student, to discover their Inner-Teacher and Self-Leadership.
(720) 619-2405 View (720) 619-2405
Photo of Megan Ramos, Counselor in Boulder, CO
Megan Ramos
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80301
I offer somatic psychotherapy, energetic, and intuitive support for working through trauma, recovering a sense of aliveness, and connecting with the wisdom that naturally moves through each of us. Our sessions often start by coming into connection, safety and regulation in the moment. Often times, the symptoms and issues we experience are rooted in dysregulation in our nervous systems. Our time is rooted in expanding resource, a sense of well being in the moment, so that more difficult material can begin to integrate.
I offer somatic psychotherapy, energetic, and intuitive support for working through trauma, recovering a sense of aliveness, and connecting with the wisdom that naturally moves through each of us. Our sessions often start by coming into connection, safety and regulation in the moment. Often times, the symptoms and issues we experience are rooted in dysregulation in our nervous systems. Our time is rooted in expanding resource, a sense of well being in the moment, so that more difficult material can begin to integrate.
(970) 373-1488 View (970) 373-1488
Photo of Abigail (Abby) Cerne, Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate in Boulder, CO
Abigail (Abby) Cerne
Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate , MA, ATR-P, LPCC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80304
I believe that healing happens in community and in relationships. Let's work together to holistically strengthen your inherent wisdom, self concept, and creativity. I offer individual and group counseling for child & youth as well as young adult clients. In my practice, I use a strength based, trauma informed, social justice lens to counseling and art therapy. I offer a range of support & psychoeducation in attachment styles, domestic violence and relationship dynamics. Together, let's grow a relationship of predictability and reliability so that we can open to better understand ourselves with compassion and new therapeutic skills.
I believe that healing happens in community and in relationships. Let's work together to holistically strengthen your inherent wisdom, self concept, and creativity. I offer individual and group counseling for child & youth as well as young adult clients. In my practice, I use a strength based, trauma informed, social justice lens to counseling and art therapy. I offer a range of support & psychoeducation in attachment styles, domestic violence and relationship dynamics. Together, let's grow a relationship of predictability and reliability so that we can open to better understand ourselves with compassion and new therapeutic skills.
(720) 702-9034 View (720) 702-9034
Photo of Diana O. Verschoor, Counselor in Boulder, CO
Diana O. Verschoor
Counselor, MS, LPCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80308
Waitlist for new clients
Are you feeling overwhelmed and stressed, or have you experienced something difficult or traumatic? Are you looking for support to heal, or to explore something new? I provide counseling for adults. I support people from a wide range of identities, backgrounds, and experiences who are going through life changes or challenges. If you are struggling or in need of support, you are not alone.
Are you feeling overwhelmed and stressed, or have you experienced something difficult or traumatic? Are you looking for support to heal, or to explore something new? I provide counseling for adults. I support people from a wide range of identities, backgrounds, and experiences who are going through life changes or challenges. If you are struggling or in need of support, you are not alone.
(720) 640-8994 View (720) 640-8994
Photo of Tasha Medley, MA, MEd, LPC, Counselor in Boulder, CO
Tasha Medley, MA, MEd, LPC
Counselor, MA, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80301
If you have come to this site. . . remember to breathe. . . in a way that you know you are breathing. . . I remind myself of this on a regular basis. . . There is more to you than you might think. . . Therapy is an invitation to re-discover a compassionate, curious, and wise energy that was always within you, but blocked by well-intentioned and sometimes extreme parts of you. I believe you deserve some sense of how I work. I also believe a good therapist continues to do their own work. . . which is why I meditate and meet regularly with trusted colleagues and we literally take turns being therapist and client with each other.
If you have come to this site. . . remember to breathe. . . in a way that you know you are breathing. . . I remind myself of this on a regular basis. . . There is more to you than you might think. . . Therapy is an invitation to re-discover a compassionate, curious, and wise energy that was always within you, but blocked by well-intentioned and sometimes extreme parts of you. I believe you deserve some sense of how I work. I also believe a good therapist continues to do their own work. . . which is why I meditate and meet regularly with trusted colleagues and we literally take turns being therapist and client with each other.
(720) 663-9910 View (720) 663-9910
Photo of Jay S Weinberg, Registered Psychotherapist in Boulder, CO
Jay S Weinberg
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, CAGS
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302  (Online Only)
I strive to empower and enable my clients to successfully navigate life's many challenges. My approach is active, experiential and educational in nature. Rather than trying to control, eliminate or avoid painful thoughts and emotions, I work with my clients in learning new ways to relate to life's difficult and often painful experiences. Whether you are a parent, a spouse, a young adult, a business professional or senior, my goal is to help you live a rewarding and meaningful life, living authentically, and becoming the person you aspire to be. Please vist my website for more information about my work and how I might be of help.
I strive to empower and enable my clients to successfully navigate life's many challenges. My approach is active, experiential and educational in nature. Rather than trying to control, eliminate or avoid painful thoughts and emotions, I work with my clients in learning new ways to relate to life's difficult and often painful experiences. Whether you are a parent, a spouse, a young adult, a business professional or senior, my goal is to help you live a rewarding and meaningful life, living authentically, and becoming the person you aspire to be. Please vist my website for more information about my work and how I might be of help.
(720) 605-6749 View (720) 605-6749
Photo of Matthew Wikswo, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boulder, CO
Matthew Wikswo
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80304  (Online Only)
My practice centers on themes of human lifespan development and attachment. I work with: 1) Couples, from an attachment/emotion-focused approach; 2) Individual adults, to engage life-level issues such as family and partner relationships, long-term personal goals, and divorce and other major transitions. 3) Parents, to address family dynamics with children, including blended and adoptive families (unlike traditional family therapy involving the entire family, my approach engages with parents as a consultant and coach). 4) College students, regarding academic and vocational challenges, and individuation from family and parents.
My practice centers on themes of human lifespan development and attachment. I work with: 1) Couples, from an attachment/emotion-focused approach; 2) Individual adults, to engage life-level issues such as family and partner relationships, long-term personal goals, and divorce and other major transitions. 3) Parents, to address family dynamics with children, including blended and adoptive families (unlike traditional family therapy involving the entire family, my approach engages with parents as a consultant and coach). 4) College students, regarding academic and vocational challenges, and individuation from family and parents.
(303) 223-6327 View (303) 223-6327
Photo of Wes Warner, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boulder, CO
Wes Warner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MHR, LPC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302  (Online Only)
So here's the deal. How often do you say things like, "suck it up" and "rub some dirt on it" when things get tough? What are you hoping to gain from avoiding the truth that brought you to say those things? Are you bottling your feelings? That's the real issue, how you deal with life's roadblocks and speed bumps, not whether or not they exist. Often there is more than just you involved, you have children and they look to you as an example. Emotions are human, YOU are human, THEY are human. But HOW in THE hell do you deal? Grab life by the horns and let's make a game plan! Life isn't easy...call me...you are not alone!
So here's the deal. How often do you say things like, "suck it up" and "rub some dirt on it" when things get tough? What are you hoping to gain from avoiding the truth that brought you to say those things? Are you bottling your feelings? That's the real issue, how you deal with life's roadblocks and speed bumps, not whether or not they exist. Often there is more than just you involved, you have children and they look to you as an example. Emotions are human, YOU are human, THEY are human. But HOW in THE hell do you deal? Grab life by the horns and let's make a game plan! Life isn't easy...call me...you are not alone!
(720) 784-5612 View (720) 784-5612
Photo of Jordan Urban Paul, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boulder, CO
Jordan Urban Paul
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302
Navigating life is a complex and tumultuous process. Every day, we're tugged in myriad directions, confronted with decisions at every turn that ask us to balance relationships, work, self-care, and personal growth. This constant barrage of "shoulds", responsibilities, and pressures in life creates an unrelenting current of stress and anxiety and leaves us worn thin and wondering, "why is it so hard to feel good?" It's no wonder that we find ourselves grasping at food, alcohol, tv, sex, drugs, and social media to relieve this tension. However, the relief provided by such behaviors is temporary and only exacerbates the problem.
Navigating life is a complex and tumultuous process. Every day, we're tugged in myriad directions, confronted with decisions at every turn that ask us to balance relationships, work, self-care, and personal growth. This constant barrage of "shoulds", responsibilities, and pressures in life creates an unrelenting current of stress and anxiety and leaves us worn thin and wondering, "why is it so hard to feel good?" It's no wonder that we find ourselves grasping at food, alcohol, tv, sex, drugs, and social media to relieve this tension. However, the relief provided by such behaviors is temporary and only exacerbates the problem.
(720) 548-2618 View (720) 548-2618
Photo of Kristina Syta Healthy Minds Counseling LLC , Licensed Professional Counselor in Boulder, CO
Kristina Syta Healthy Minds Counseling LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CAS, CHT
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80303  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Are you feeling unfulfilled in your relationship, career, or life in general? Struggling with the weight of depression, anxiety, ADHD symptoms, poor boundaries, life transitions, or chronic illness? Ready to break free from the limitations of talk therapy? Eager to explore fresh perspectives and effective solutions?
Are you feeling unfulfilled in your relationship, career, or life in general? Struggling with the weight of depression, anxiety, ADHD symptoms, poor boundaries, life transitions, or chronic illness? Ready to break free from the limitations of talk therapy? Eager to explore fresh perspectives and effective solutions?
(303) 327-9181 View (303) 327-9181
Photo of Marco Renzi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boulder, CO
Marco Renzi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PMH-C
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80303  (Online Only)
I seek to create a safe, welcoming environment where genuine conversation and exploration can occur. My specialties include relationships, sexual challenges, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, ADHD, and distress around identity. I also support clients with transitions to parenthood and postpartum challenges. Oftentimes these life transitions are more difficult than most people can imagine. I recognize the obstacles each person overcomes to start therapy and the courage required to begin that process. Together, we will look for pragmatic and effective ways to ignite the process towards feeling better and living a more authentic life.
I seek to create a safe, welcoming environment where genuine conversation and exploration can occur. My specialties include relationships, sexual challenges, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, ADHD, and distress around identity. I also support clients with transitions to parenthood and postpartum challenges. Oftentimes these life transitions are more difficult than most people can imagine. I recognize the obstacles each person overcomes to start therapy and the courage required to begin that process. Together, we will look for pragmatic and effective ways to ignite the process towards feeling better and living a more authentic life.
(720) 459-9199 View (720) 459-9199
Photo of Sunny Spielman, Registered Psychotherapist in Boulder, CO
Sunny Spielman
Registered Psychotherapist, MA
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80302
I work with all types of people with a variety of presenting issues however the commonality is a desire to feel better, understand themselves with more clarity and insight, and experience a sense of care, connection and humor in the process of our work together. I think most people are looking for ways to sort out what has come between them and experiencing a vibrant authentic life that feels whole and well. In this exploration clients reconnect with their truest selves encountering what is both uncomfortable and liberating, developing skills, self trust and greater authenticity. I love my work and deeply appreciate my clients.
I work with all types of people with a variety of presenting issues however the commonality is a desire to feel better, understand themselves with more clarity and insight, and experience a sense of care, connection and humor in the process of our work together. I think most people are looking for ways to sort out what has come between them and experiencing a vibrant authentic life that feels whole and well. In this exploration clients reconnect with their truest selves encountering what is both uncomfortable and liberating, developing skills, self trust and greater authenticity. I love my work and deeply appreciate my clients.
(720) 664-8561 View (720) 664-8561
Photo of Kirsten Norr in Boulder, CO
Kirsten Norr
MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80301
Therapy can be a space to understand our emotions, learn to control our reactions, and increase communication skills. My strengths are in working with grief, anxiety, depression, and strengthening boundaries. In addition to individuals, I work with both couples and with families beginning a journey of uncoupling. I work best with people who bring a curiosity and desire to learn more about their thoughts and behaviors while on the path to healing.
Therapy can be a space to understand our emotions, learn to control our reactions, and increase communication skills. My strengths are in working with grief, anxiety, depression, and strengthening boundaries. In addition to individuals, I work with both couples and with families beginning a journey of uncoupling. I work best with people who bring a curiosity and desire to learn more about their thoughts and behaviors while on the path to healing.
(720) 619-8997 View (720) 619-8997
Photo of Nikolas H Maslow, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boulder, CO
Nikolas H Maslow
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80303  (Online Only)
The process of self-recovery and rebuilding starts with finding someone to hear you, someone who can help put your feelings into words so that you feel less alone, and someone to help you gain self-confidence. For over 21 years, I have helped people in various life transitions discover deep-rooted happiness in their lives.
The process of self-recovery and rebuilding starts with finding someone to hear you, someone who can help put your feelings into words so that you feel less alone, and someone to help you gain self-confidence. For over 21 years, I have helped people in various life transitions discover deep-rooted happiness in their lives.
(719) 356-4858 View (719) 356-4858
Photo of Tasha Medley, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boulder, CO
Tasha Medley
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80301
Are you worried that your preschooler's abrupt mood swings will be a problem when she enters kindergarten? Is your third grader easily frustrated, teary and self-deprecating over an inability to get things right? Are you discouraged because of your fourth grader's consistently angry and disrespectful behavior? Raising a child with difficult behaviors can be exhausting. . . As a play therapist and parent resource, I help parents have more harmonious and enjoyable relationships with their children.
Are you worried that your preschooler's abrupt mood swings will be a problem when she enters kindergarten? Is your third grader easily frustrated, teary and self-deprecating over an inability to get things right? Are you discouraged because of your fourth grader's consistently angry and disrespectful behavior? Raising a child with difficult behaviors can be exhausting. . . As a play therapist and parent resource, I help parents have more harmonious and enjoyable relationships with their children.
(720) 288-0959 View (720) 288-0959
Photo of Alexa Joy Bergeron, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boulder, CO
Alexa Joy Bergeron
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80304
Welcome! I am a somatic psychotherapist who believes that the foundation for growth and lasting change involves developing a loving and nurturing relationship with all parts of ourselves, especially the parts that we tend to feel the most afraid of and resistant toward. When we begin to embrace our present experience and listen to the deeper wisdom inside, we gradually and naturally transform into the most empowered versions of ourselves. In this way, we can learn to use moments of darkness and suffering as a path to light and freedom.
Welcome! I am a somatic psychotherapist who believes that the foundation for growth and lasting change involves developing a loving and nurturing relationship with all parts of ourselves, especially the parts that we tend to feel the most afraid of and resistant toward. When we begin to embrace our present experience and listen to the deeper wisdom inside, we gradually and naturally transform into the most empowered versions of ourselves. In this way, we can learn to use moments of darkness and suffering as a path to light and freedom.
(720) 358-5402 View (720) 358-5402
Lisa A Apel
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Boulder, CO 80303
Not accepting new clients
I work with individuals, couples and families who are seeking support during difficult experiences such as the death of a loved one, divorce, relationship changes and personal challenges. I believe that with the help of a professional most of us are able to heal from those difficult experiences.
I work with individuals, couples and families who are seeking support during difficult experiences such as the death of a loved one, divorce, relationship changes and personal challenges. I believe that with the help of a professional most of us are able to heal from those difficult experiences.
(303) 717-1635 View (303) 717-1635
Photo of Lacey Rae Pacheco, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Boulder, CO
Lacey Rae Pacheco
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boulder, CO 80302
I have spent my career working with adolescents, young children, and their families. I started my career as a high school English teacher, but quickly realized my passion for mental health and helping adolescents manage their mental health in order to learn and engage fully. Inspired by my teaching experience, I pursued a Master's degree in Mental Health Counseling and transitioned from the role of classroom teacher to school counselor. I ultimately decided to leave the school system to follow my heart and work full-time for Kairos Wellness Collective.
I have spent my career working with adolescents, young children, and their families. I started my career as a high school English teacher, but quickly realized my passion for mental health and helping adolescents manage their mental health in order to learn and engage fully. Inspired by my teaching experience, I pursued a Master's degree in Mental Health Counseling and transitioned from the role of classroom teacher to school counselor. I ultimately decided to leave the school system to follow my heart and work full-time for Kairos Wellness Collective.
(720) 740-4774 View (720) 740-4774

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Boulder, CO

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Boulder, CO who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
85% Depression
84% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
76% Trauma and PTSD
70% Stress
70% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
61% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
59% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Boulder, CO see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
22% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Boulder?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.