Gestalt Therapists in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA

Photo of Frances Verrinder, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Frances Verrinder
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MFT
Verified Verified
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94146  (Online Only)
I have developed my own holistic, integrative approach from my training and experience in a number of therapeutic modalities including Gestalt, family systems theory, Expressive arts, hypnosis for stress management and trauma recovery, psychodrama, and Reichian-based somatic psychotherapy.
Feeling anxious, depressed, stuck in your life? I offer individual therapy to help you identify your strengths, work through your unresolved issues and find greater pleasure and success in everyday life. If you are struggling with romantic relationships, I can assist you in developing romantic intelligence skills. Dealing with communication problems and conflict in your relationship? I offer Psycho-biological Attachment Couples Therapy to expand your loving connection and build trust and safety.
I have developed my own holistic, integrative approach from my training and experience in a number of therapeutic modalities including Gestalt, family systems theory, Expressive arts, hypnosis for stress management and trauma recovery, psychodrama, and Reichian-based somatic psychotherapy.
Feeling anxious, depressed, stuck in your life? I offer individual therapy to help you identify your strengths, work through your unresolved issues and find greater pleasure and success in everyday life. If you are struggling with romantic relationships, I can assist you in developing romantic intelligence skills. Dealing with communication problems and conflict in your relationship? I offer Psycho-biological Attachment Couples Therapy to expand your loving connection and build trust and safety.
(415) 689-9150 View (415) 689-9150
Photo of Teri 'sachi' Swanberg, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Teri 'sachi' Swanberg
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94102
I work as an Integral Psychotherapist (Gestalt, Somatic Experiencing, Attachment-based).
My belief is everything is interconnected. When we hurt in one area of our lives, often times the other areas hurt with it. As simple as it may sound, sometimes feeling our feelings can be hard work. Truly understanding and being honest with authentic selves can be challenging and sometimes scary. No one should have to do this alone. Together, we can deeply listen and nurture your authentic self to help you heal and grow. We are not just talking together, we are experiencing. To learn more, visit my website at: nakaimatherapy.com
I work as an Integral Psychotherapist (Gestalt, Somatic Experiencing, Attachment-based).
My belief is everything is interconnected. When we hurt in one area of our lives, often times the other areas hurt with it. As simple as it may sound, sometimes feeling our feelings can be hard work. Truly understanding and being honest with authentic selves can be challenging and sometimes scary. No one should have to do this alone. Together, we can deeply listen and nurture your authentic self to help you heal and grow. We are not just talking together, we are experiencing. To learn more, visit my website at: nakaimatherapy.com
(415) 496-0915 View (415) 496-0915
Photo of Yvonne Guertin, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Yvonne Guertin
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, RMBP, SEP
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94102
My integral psychology background and ongoing training draws from several talk and process-oriented, experiential, somatic modalities including Gestalt, the Hakomi Method (hakomica.
Coming from a holistic, mind-body, humanistic, compassionate perspective, I work with clients who desire to improve the quality of their lives, reducing stress and emotional pain. Clients may suffer from loneliness, depression, low self-esteem, anxiety or loss. They may need help with communication awareness, grounding methods, self-care, sexual fulfillment or life purpose. These conditions are more normal than abnormal, while sometimes feeling overwhelming. I invite clients to listen to and trust their innate wisdom, guiding them to identify and move through the obstacles preventing them from living their life to the fullest.
My integral psychology background and ongoing training draws from several talk and process-oriented, experiential, somatic modalities including Gestalt, the Hakomi Method (hakomica.
Coming from a holistic, mind-body, humanistic, compassionate perspective, I work with clients who desire to improve the quality of their lives, reducing stress and emotional pain. Clients may suffer from loneliness, depression, low self-esteem, anxiety or loss. They may need help with communication awareness, grounding methods, self-care, sexual fulfillment or life purpose. These conditions are more normal than abnormal, while sometimes feeling overwhelming. I invite clients to listen to and trust their innate wisdom, guiding them to identify and move through the obstacles preventing them from living their life to the fullest.
(415) 800-4671 View (415) 800-4671
Photo of Zan Brown, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Zan Brown
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94101
I studied Gestalt Awareness Practice at Esalen Institute in Big Sur, Ca.
A great teacher at Esalen Institute once told me, "We are wounded in relationship and we heal in our relationships". I have come to believe this whole-heartedly as I see our relationships with others, ourselves, and even the earth break down and get off balance, lacking fulfillment or even becoming destructive. Most people who have suffered neglect, trauma or loss become discouraged, needing support and resources to heal and move forward with hope. However, I believe all people carry the seed of intuitive insight and courage that they need to make positive changes in their lives.
I studied Gestalt Awareness Practice at Esalen Institute in Big Sur, Ca.
A great teacher at Esalen Institute once told me, "We are wounded in relationship and we heal in our relationships". I have come to believe this whole-heartedly as I see our relationships with others, ourselves, and even the earth break down and get off balance, lacking fulfillment or even becoming destructive. Most people who have suffered neglect, trauma or loss become discouraged, needing support and resources to heal and move forward with hope. However, I believe all people carry the seed of intuitive insight and courage that they need to make positive changes in their lives.
(415) 498-1184 View (415) 498-1184
Photo of Maria Welch, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Maria Welch
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94102
Hello, I'm Maria Welch, a licensed marriage and family therapist. I believe in creating safe, nonjudgmental spaces to heal. I have experience working with people on broken relationships with self and others and trauma. I am eclectic in my use of theoretical orientation and believe in meeting people where they are. I pull from a variety of approaches which include Dbt, Cbt, client-centered, and gestalt.
Hello, I'm Maria Welch, a licensed marriage and family therapist. I believe in creating safe, nonjudgmental spaces to heal. I have experience working with people on broken relationships with self and others and trauma. I am eclectic in my use of theoretical orientation and believe in meeting people where they are. I pull from a variety of approaches which include Dbt, Cbt, client-centered, and gestalt.
(805) 723-2457 View (805) 723-2457
Photo of Aimen Bukhari, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Aimen Bukhari
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94101  (Online Only)
Do you ever feel disconnected from yourself or others? Although our country has made progress in raising mental health awareness, a great deal of stigma remains. In many communities, these issues are often shrouded by silence and shame, fostering mental health minimization. I have experience working with individuals and family relationships. I work with problems that arise in blended families, work, health, and career, trying to create better relationships and less conflict. Through role-plays, Gestalt techniques, and mindfulness, you can gain the power to reflect on your feelings, understand yourself and feel better.
Do you ever feel disconnected from yourself or others? Although our country has made progress in raising mental health awareness, a great deal of stigma remains. In many communities, these issues are often shrouded by silence and shame, fostering mental health minimization. I have experience working with individuals and family relationships. I work with problems that arise in blended families, work, health, and career, trying to create better relationships and less conflict. Through role-plays, Gestalt techniques, and mindfulness, you can gain the power to reflect on your feelings, understand yourself and feel better.
(510) 216-1517 View (510) 216-1517
Photo of Virginia Blue, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Virginia Blue
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, FAE
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94125
In addition to training in gestalt, somatic, and feminist psychotherapy, I bring a background in holistic reproductive health and body literacy.
I specialize in working with individuals, couples, and families going through major life changes, such as birth and death, and confronting challenges related to anxiety, trauma, grief, and addiction of all kinds. 
In addition to training in gestalt, somatic, and feminist psychotherapy, I bring a background in holistic reproductive health and body literacy.
I specialize in working with individuals, couples, and families going through major life changes, such as birth and death, and confronting challenges related to anxiety, trauma, grief, and addiction of all kinds. 
(415) 202-5546 View (415) 202-5546
Photo of Liz Gilbert, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Liz Gilbert
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94102  (Online Only)
I trained in Gestalt Therapy, which focuses upon building awareness of what’s happening for you in a given moment.
I support clients who are facing life’s challenges. Some of these issues include: life transitions, relationships, family dynamics, body image, infertility, work and school stressors, grief and loss, and experiences around sex and sexuality. I work with adult individuals and couples - supporting clients in developing a better relationship with themselves and the people that matter most to them in their lives. My style is warm and compassionate. Clients often share that they feel comfortable with me right away
I trained in Gestalt Therapy, which focuses upon building awareness of what’s happening for you in a given moment.
I support clients who are facing life’s challenges. Some of these issues include: life transitions, relationships, family dynamics, body image, infertility, work and school stressors, grief and loss, and experiences around sex and sexuality. I work with adult individuals and couples - supporting clients in developing a better relationship with themselves and the people that matter most to them in their lives. My style is warm and compassionate. Clients often share that they feel comfortable with me right away
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Photo of Vanessa Wolter, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Vanessa Wolter
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94102
My approach is compassionate, relational, holistic and is grounded in Gestalt, Existential and Transpersonal Psychology and combines Eastern wisdom with Western psychology.
What does it all mean? This is a scary question you might be asking yourself. As an existential therapist I can help you transform this question into a profound and powerful self/life exploration. When we find ourselves in an existential turning point or crisis we can feel anxious, depressed, and alone, as if no one might understand us. This is where I can come in. Together we can help ground and normalize this scary, painful experience and help “use” this opportunity as a way to let go of old patterns that don’t fit anymore so you can ultimately actualize and embody a new, more authentic and meaningful way of Being.
My approach is compassionate, relational, holistic and is grounded in Gestalt, Existential and Transpersonal Psychology and combines Eastern wisdom with Western psychology.
What does it all mean? This is a scary question you might be asking yourself. As an existential therapist I can help you transform this question into a profound and powerful self/life exploration. When we find ourselves in an existential turning point or crisis we can feel anxious, depressed, and alone, as if no one might understand us. This is where I can come in. Together we can help ground and normalize this scary, painful experience and help “use” this opportunity as a way to let go of old patterns that don’t fit anymore so you can ultimately actualize and embody a new, more authentic and meaningful way of Being.
(415) 237-9513 View (415) 237-9513
Photo of Joe Olivo, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Joe Olivo
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94115  (Online Only)
in my private practice I see individuals, couples, and families. I work with you to find what is most important for you; what is your best practice. Together we can heal the past and allow you to move forward. My years of life experience and gentle yet direct manner will help you get back on track and get the most from your life and relationships.
in my private practice I see individuals, couples, and families. I work with you to find what is most important for you; what is your best practice. Together we can heal the past and allow you to move forward. My years of life experience and gentle yet direct manner will help you get back on track and get the most from your life and relationships.
(415) 463-1793 View (415) 463-1793
Photo of Craig Parton, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Craig Parton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94102
It is often during difficult times that people come to psychotherapy. These times may feel overwhelming. Either way, we come because we hope that feelings, motivations, relationships or circumstances can be different. My approach to therapy comes out of my training in Somatic Psychology, which is based on the premise that the mind and body are interconnected. Somatic Psychotherapy is experientially-focused, with the underlying assumption that you don’t need fixing, that you are already enough as you are. Note: I am licensed in Oregon and California.
It is often during difficult times that people come to psychotherapy. These times may feel overwhelming. Either way, we come because we hope that feelings, motivations, relationships or circumstances can be different. My approach to therapy comes out of my training in Somatic Psychology, which is based on the premise that the mind and body are interconnected. Somatic Psychotherapy is experientially-focused, with the underlying assumption that you don’t need fixing, that you are already enough as you are. Note: I am licensed in Oregon and California.
(503) 483-2500 View (503) 483-2500
Photo of Karen Macklin, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Karen Macklin
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, MFA, AMFT, APCC, Coach
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94115
Are you at a crossroads in your life or relationship(s)? I work with dynamic individuals, couples, and family pairs who feel lost and want to find their way back to clarity & connection. I'm an East-West combo, bringing a mix of soulful mindfulness practice + practicality + creative exploration to the therapy space. I support big thinkers and feelers, including creatives, artists, scientists, healers, dreamers, sensitive people, queer, and/or neurodivergent folks & anyone who doesn't fit the standard narrative to heal (& grow) from the trauma and drama of this world, and to create a life worth living and loving.
Are you at a crossroads in your life or relationship(s)? I work with dynamic individuals, couples, and family pairs who feel lost and want to find their way back to clarity & connection. I'm an East-West combo, bringing a mix of soulful mindfulness practice + practicality + creative exploration to the therapy space. I support big thinkers and feelers, including creatives, artists, scientists, healers, dreamers, sensitive people, queer, and/or neurodivergent folks & anyone who doesn't fit the standard narrative to heal (& grow) from the trauma and drama of this world, and to create a life worth living and loving.
(213) 376-5927 View (213) 376-5927
Photo of Peggy Kim, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Peggy Kim
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94102
Often in life there are unexpected events or life transitions that challenge our abilities to cope or understand our sense of self or purpose. When what has been helpful to navigate life is no longer working, symptoms may show up in the form of sadness, depression, anxiety, stress, physical ailments, feelings of isolation, or an overwhelm of emotions that may be difficult to manage alone. I view therapy as a unique opportunity for honest observation and exploration in service of creating a deeper connection with your inherent nature as a way to discover how you can find support from yourself, as well as, feel supported by others.
Often in life there are unexpected events or life transitions that challenge our abilities to cope or understand our sense of self or purpose. When what has been helpful to navigate life is no longer working, symptoms may show up in the form of sadness, depression, anxiety, stress, physical ailments, feelings of isolation, or an overwhelm of emotions that may be difficult to manage alone. I view therapy as a unique opportunity for honest observation and exploration in service of creating a deeper connection with your inherent nature as a way to discover how you can find support from yourself, as well as, feel supported by others.
(415) 909-5721 View (415) 909-5721
Photo of Avigail Lev, Psychologist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Avigail Lev
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94102
My approach is behavioral and goal oriented. I focus on identifying new coping strategies and changing behavioral patterns that damage relationships. I assist clients in identifying deeply held values and taking behavioral steps towards getting closer to these values. I utilize Cognitive Behavioral techniques to help clients who struggle with relationship problems, depression, anxiety, OCD, and mood disorders. I help clients identify particular core beliefs that act as barriers to values-based behavior and explore alternative coping behaviors to utilize when one's schemas are triggered in relationships. Particular methods I incorporate in treatment include mindfulness, cognitive defusion, exposure, and Nonviolent communication.
My approach is behavioral and goal oriented. I focus on identifying new coping strategies and changing behavioral patterns that damage relationships. I assist clients in identifying deeply held values and taking behavioral steps towards getting closer to these values. I utilize Cognitive Behavioral techniques to help clients who struggle with relationship problems, depression, anxiety, OCD, and mood disorders. I help clients identify particular core beliefs that act as barriers to values-based behavior and explore alternative coping behaviors to utilize when one's schemas are triggered in relationships. Particular methods I incorporate in treatment include mindfulness, cognitive defusion, exposure, and Nonviolent communication.
(415) 349-0855 View (415) 349-0855
Photo of Bronwyn Wrobel, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Bronwyn Wrobel
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LMHC
Verified Verified
19 Endorsed
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94102  (Online Only)
As a Transpersonal Psychotherapist I offer mental, physical, social, emotional, and intellectual support. Transpersonal psychology emphasizes the importance of a healthy spirit in healing and wholeness. I utilize my empathic skills & intensive training to integrate all life experiences with modern psychology. My unique approach to healing focuses on how we achieve meaning & purpose through personal empowerment & expansion.
As a Transpersonal Psychotherapist I offer mental, physical, social, emotional, and intellectual support. Transpersonal psychology emphasizes the importance of a healthy spirit in healing and wholeness. I utilize my empathic skills & intensive training to integrate all life experiences with modern psychology. My unique approach to healing focuses on how we achieve meaning & purpose through personal empowerment & expansion.
(310) 905-8625 View (310) 905-8625
Photo of Maegan Willan, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Maegan Willan
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94101
Whatever you have lived through--healing is possible. I provide therapy for people living outside of the mainstream, whether because of values and ideals or personal identity. Therapy with me doesn't require that you or I believe there is anything wrong with you. Instead it is a place where both of us work collaboratively and creatively to develop an environment where you can take more and more risks to be yourself. It is a place to keep growing. It is a place to get real about what matters to you and what challenges you. Keywords: radical, queer, artists, activists, social justice, progressive
Whatever you have lived through--healing is possible. I provide therapy for people living outside of the mainstream, whether because of values and ideals or personal identity. Therapy with me doesn't require that you or I believe there is anything wrong with you. Instead it is a place where both of us work collaboratively and creatively to develop an environment where you can take more and more risks to be yourself. It is a place to keep growing. It is a place to get real about what matters to you and what challenges you. Keywords: radical, queer, artists, activists, social justice, progressive
(510) 248-4807 View (510) 248-4807
Photo of Jo Burrows, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Jo Burrows
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94102
Life is increasingly busy and complex. Compassionate Brain Life Coaching (CPLC), helps you to press the pause button, slow down and remember and or newly discover who you are. Science tells us that our brains at rest are actually programmed to be happy. But it sure doesn't always feel that way. CBLC equips you with the cognitive and mindfulness tools to counter the self-critic and manage difficult times. I will help you identify, name and validate the places you go under stress, with a view to exploring what works and creating newly, including moving from surviving to thriving.
Life is increasingly busy and complex. Compassionate Brain Life Coaching (CPLC), helps you to press the pause button, slow down and remember and or newly discover who you are. Science tells us that our brains at rest are actually programmed to be happy. But it sure doesn't always feel that way. CBLC equips you with the cognitive and mindfulness tools to counter the self-critic and manage difficult times. I will help you identify, name and validate the places you go under stress, with a view to exploring what works and creating newly, including moving from surviving to thriving.
(510) 306-7232 View (510) 306-7232
Photo of Scott Christenson, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Scott Christenson
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, JD, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94125
Are you in the middle of a life transition such as a loss, career change, relationship breakup, or spiritual crisis? Are you noticing that you lack motivation? Are you afraid of feelings that seem to appear out of nowhere? I offer a safe, compassionate space to explore all of these questions and to support you in your difficult times. We will also explore ways to be resilient in the face of your struggles.
Are you in the middle of a life transition such as a loss, career change, relationship breakup, or spiritual crisis? Are you noticing that you lack motivation? Are you afraid of feelings that seem to appear out of nowhere? I offer a safe, compassionate space to explore all of these questions and to support you in your difficult times. We will also explore ways to be resilient in the face of your struggles.
(415) 980-1384 View (415) 980-1384
Photo of Noelle Darling, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Noelle Darling
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94101
I care deeply about supporting people when they feel lonely, stuck and hopeless, and the usual things just aren't working. My clients tend to be high functioning adults who have reached a critical point where something has to give. Often this becomes evident while undergoing a major life transition such as a break up, divorce, the death of a loved one, or a career change. These low points can be scary and painful, but they can also be incredible opportunities for growth and healing. But growing is hard work and sometimes we can't do it on our own.
I care deeply about supporting people when they feel lonely, stuck and hopeless, and the usual things just aren't working. My clients tend to be high functioning adults who have reached a critical point where something has to give. Often this becomes evident while undergoing a major life transition such as a break up, divorce, the death of a loved one, or a career change. These low points can be scary and painful, but they can also be incredible opportunities for growth and healing. But growing is hard work and sometimes we can't do it on our own.
(831) 400-3890 View (831) 400-3890
Photo of Marina Counseling Center, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fillmore, San Francisco, CA
Marina Counseling Center
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fillmore, San Francisco, CA 94125
At times we all need help sorting out life's complexities. At the Marina Counseling Center we offer professional, skilled, affordable, psychotherapy to address the challanges that life can bring. The Marina Counseling Center is a non-profit community counseling center and training institute in the heart of San Francisco's Marina district. We provide counseling to adults, couples, and families on fees adjusted to client needs. These fees range from $35 and up, based on ability to pay.
At times we all need help sorting out life's complexities. At the Marina Counseling Center we offer professional, skilled, affordable, psychotherapy to address the challanges that life can bring. The Marina Counseling Center is a non-profit community counseling center and training institute in the heart of San Francisco's Marina district. We provide counseling to adults, couples, and families on fees adjusted to client needs. These fees range from $35 and up, based on ability to pay.
(415) 969-2090 View (415) 969-2090

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Gestalt Therapists

What is gestalt therapy?

Gestalt therapy is based on the idea that to address unresolved negative feelings, emotions must be not only discussed but also actively expressed in the present moment. The term is from a German word meaning “whole,” and gestalt therapists believe that people should be considered whole entities made up of mind, body, and emotions. Gestalt sessions are rooted in the notion that a client’s total self must be discovered, explored, and confronted, so that they can take greater responsibility for themselves and their behavior, learn to satisfy their own needs while still respecting the needs of others, and reconnect with feelings they might otherwise deny.

How does gestalt therapy work?

Gestalt therapy sessions do not just involve talking with a therapist. Clients may take part in role-playing, re-enactment, or artistic exercises like drawing and painting, with the goal of becoming more aware of negative thought patterns that limit happiness. One common gestalt exercise is “the empty chair,” in which a client sits across from an empty chair representing a partner, relative, boss, or a part of themselves—and, with the therapist’s encouragement, improvises a dialog with it. The intention is to bring the emotions raised by past conflicts into the present and work through them in the moment.

How long does gestalt therapy last?

As with most forms of talk therapy, there is no set duration or end point for gestalt therapy; people who believe that they are making progress typically continue until they feel they’ve addressed the issues that had been holding them back. New patients should understand that it may take some time to become comfortable with gestalt exercises but once they do, they should expect sessions to extend for a number of months, typically spanning at least 12 sessions.

Does gestalt therapy work?

Gestalt therapy has generally been found to be as effective as other forms of talk therapy in helping people living with anxiety, depression, phobias, bipolar disorder, and substance use disorders, as well as helping individuals reduce conflict in relationships. Gestalt techniques, on their own or in combination with other therapies, can also be effective in managing physical ailments including ulcerative colitis, migraines, and back spasms. It should be noted that some people may have trouble adapting to gestalt therapy’s lack of formal structure or to a therapist’s close observations of their body language and emotions; others may struggle to commit to techniques that feel unnatural, like the empty chair exercise.