Therapists in Saint Louis, MO

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Photo of Wise Counsel Therapy Groups, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Wise Counsel Therapy Groups
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63146
Wise Counsel is a group practice offering a safe haven for clients who seek healing through the compassionate, collective support of group work. We are an incubator for healers/clinicians who want to enhance their clinical expertise through the shared experience of group work. Our overall goal is to offer quality affordable mental health care to the masses.
Wise Counsel is a group practice offering a safe haven for clients who seek healing through the compassionate, collective support of group work. We are an incubator for healers/clinicians who want to enhance their clinical expertise through the shared experience of group work. Our overall goal is to offer quality affordable mental health care to the masses.
(314) 701-7723 View (314) 701-7723
Photo of Julia C Rothermich, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Julia C Rothermich
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63131
Are you tired of answering the question "What's wrong?" One of the hardest things in life is having words in your heart that you can't speak. Together, we can find your voice and explore whatever brings you to counseling in a collaborative, safe and supportive setting. Mental health is just as critical as your physical health and you don't need to suffer in silence. You deserve an emotional check-up.
Are you tired of answering the question "What's wrong?" One of the hardest things in life is having words in your heart that you can't speak. Together, we can find your voice and explore whatever brings you to counseling in a collaborative, safe and supportive setting. Mental health is just as critical as your physical health and you don't need to suffer in silence. You deserve an emotional check-up.
(636) 779-4040 View (636) 779-4040
Photo of Healing Exchange LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Healing Exchange LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63108
Are you ready to set healthy boundaries in your relationships? Have you been wanting to explore your sexuality but didn't know where to start? Is your non-monogamous relationship experiencing friction? Maybe you are the survivor, strong friend, and problem solver who appears to have it all together. Yet on the inside you feel overwhelmed while also wondering, "Is this worth going to therapy for?" If your boundaries leave you questioning yourself, if you want to explore your sexuality, or if you and your partner(s) want support, it's worth going to therapy for. Our relationship, sexuality, and trauma experts are here for you.
Are you ready to set healthy boundaries in your relationships? Have you been wanting to explore your sexuality but didn't know where to start? Is your non-monogamous relationship experiencing friction? Maybe you are the survivor, strong friend, and problem solver who appears to have it all together. Yet on the inside you feel overwhelmed while also wondering, "Is this worth going to therapy for?" If your boundaries leave you questioning yourself, if you want to explore your sexuality, or if you and your partner(s) want support, it's worth going to therapy for. Our relationship, sexuality, and trauma experts are here for you.
(314) 593-2416 View (314) 593-2416
Photo of Ja'nai Barnes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Ja'nai Barnes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CEAP
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63146
Are you struggling with anxiety, stress, or changes in relationships or friendships? Are you feeling overwhelmed with the pressures of every day life and struggling to figure out next steps? Life transitions such as starting a new path, making a career change and figuring out who you are and what you want to be and do can all feel overwhelming. I can provide a supportive and empathetic space to explore the present and obstacles and challenges that are being faced.
Are you struggling with anxiety, stress, or changes in relationships or friendships? Are you feeling overwhelmed with the pressures of every day life and struggling to figure out next steps? Life transitions such as starting a new path, making a career change and figuring out who you are and what you want to be and do can all feel overwhelming. I can provide a supportive and empathetic space to explore the present and obstacles and challenges that are being faced.
(314) 897-7438 View (314) 897-7438
Photo of Danielle Endejan, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Danielle Endejan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, PLPC, CRAADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63130
I look forward to meeting you! I was born and raised in St. Louis, & obtained my undergraduate degree with honors in Counseling and Education followed by a Master of Arts in Counseling for Licensure in Professional Counseling from MBU. I utilize empirically proven interventions (such as Motivational Interviewing, CBT, DBT) interwoven with compassionate wisdom for the therapeutic goal of coming alongside you in your unique journey and extending the opportunity and hope for healing & growth through the situation you find yourself in. My desire is to provide an authentic and compassionate environment that fosters continuous healing.
I look forward to meeting you! I was born and raised in St. Louis, & obtained my undergraduate degree with honors in Counseling and Education followed by a Master of Arts in Counseling for Licensure in Professional Counseling from MBU. I utilize empirically proven interventions (such as Motivational Interviewing, CBT, DBT) interwoven with compassionate wisdom for the therapeutic goal of coming alongside you in your unique journey and extending the opportunity and hope for healing & growth through the situation you find yourself in. My desire is to provide an authentic and compassionate environment that fosters continuous healing.
(314) 470-9169 View (314) 470-9169
Photo of Gerarda (Geri) Weis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Gerarda (Geri) Weis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, RN, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63126
With my nursing and social work background I offer a unique understanding working with clients. Using both my counseling and medical knowledge and expertise, I teach clients how to care for themselves emotionally and physically, using their strengths and talents and letting go of habits that are no longer helpful for them. I work with individuals ages 14 and older and couples who are struggling through a difficult time or have been struggling their whole life. There are answers to your concerns. I can help you find those answers that will work for you.
With my nursing and social work background I offer a unique understanding working with clients. Using both my counseling and medical knowledge and expertise, I teach clients how to care for themselves emotionally and physically, using their strengths and talents and letting go of habits that are no longer helpful for them. I work with individuals ages 14 and older and couples who are struggling through a difficult time or have been struggling their whole life. There are answers to your concerns. I can help you find those answers that will work for you.
(314) 230-9394 x3 View (314) 230-9394 x3
Photo of Kerry Hogan, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Kerry Hogan
Licensed Professional Counselor, M Ed, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63116
Not accepting new clients
Hello! As someone who values sincerity, I feel as though the best work happens when clients feel very deeply seen, heard, and known. Authenticity and vulnerability are the cornerstones of my practice. I believe that the ultimate driving factor in life is secure attachment. I also believe in building a therapeutic practice that mirrors my own principles. Therefore, you can expect warmth, informality, passion, and a playful spirit permeating throughout my work.
Hello! As someone who values sincerity, I feel as though the best work happens when clients feel very deeply seen, heard, and known. Authenticity and vulnerability are the cornerstones of my practice. I believe that the ultimate driving factor in life is secure attachment. I also believe in building a therapeutic practice that mirrors my own principles. Therefore, you can expect warmth, informality, passion, and a playful spirit permeating throughout my work.
(314) 396-8918 View (314) 396-8918
Photo of Amy Lyons Burke, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Amy Lyons Burke
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, PLPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63118
We all experience hardships in our personal lives, professional lives and relationships that can leave us feeling stressed, confused, isolated, anxious or depressed. Many people experience shame about seeing a therapist or feel they should handle emotional or mental issues on their own. I want to reassure you that we can all use a little help sometimes and we aren't meant to go through it alone. My goal in therapy is to create a safe space where my clients can work through the difficulties in life without judgment.
We all experience hardships in our personal lives, professional lives and relationships that can leave us feeling stressed, confused, isolated, anxious or depressed. Many people experience shame about seeing a therapist or feel they should handle emotional or mental issues on their own. I want to reassure you that we can all use a little help sometimes and we aren't meant to go through it alone. My goal in therapy is to create a safe space where my clients can work through the difficulties in life without judgment.
(205) 598-7843 View (205) 598-7843
Photo of Denise Frisella, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Denise Frisella
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63127  (Online Only)
I specialize in trauma therapy, navigating the complexities of grief and loss, managing depression and fostering general mental health wellness. My practice is anchored in offering a compassionate space that promotes healing. Together we'll work toward releasing blockages and nurturing your path to recovery as you evolve and deepen your self connection. ​
I specialize in trauma therapy, navigating the complexities of grief and loss, managing depression and fostering general mental health wellness. My practice is anchored in offering a compassionate space that promotes healing. Together we'll work toward releasing blockages and nurturing your path to recovery as you evolve and deepen your self connection. ​
(636) 422-5684 View (636) 422-5684
Photo of Elizabeth Rastberger, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Elizabeth Rastberger
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63139
Waitlist for new clients
Elizabeth works adults dealing with identity, relationships, attachment, anxiety, ENM, and pre/post-abortion. She sees clients looking to work on relationships with themselves & others; those who want to feel more comfortable being themselves; and those who want to unlearn things that don’t serve them. Elizabeth is blunt, authentic, and kind. If you're looking for someone who's had plenty of life experiences and someone that can challenge you, she might be a good fit to help with your growth.
Elizabeth works adults dealing with identity, relationships, attachment, anxiety, ENM, and pre/post-abortion. She sees clients looking to work on relationships with themselves & others; those who want to feel more comfortable being themselves; and those who want to unlearn things that don’t serve them. Elizabeth is blunt, authentic, and kind. If you're looking for someone who's had plenty of life experiences and someone that can challenge you, she might be a good fit to help with your growth.
(314) 897-4781 View (314) 897-4781
Photo of Jason Eccker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Jason Eccker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63139
Waitlist for new clients
As a social worker, my goal is to partner with my clients so that they may achieve their goals. I have a diverse background in treating trauma, addiction and mental health from a strengths-based perspective, and I have been successful in helping clients to integrate long-term solutions in their daily lives. I feel that my ability to create a strong therapeutic alliance with clients as one of my biggest strengths. For those suffering from PTSD/other past trauma, I offer EMDR therapy which continues to be researched as highly effective for individuals suffering from these conditions.
As a social worker, my goal is to partner with my clients so that they may achieve their goals. I have a diverse background in treating trauma, addiction and mental health from a strengths-based perspective, and I have been successful in helping clients to integrate long-term solutions in their daily lives. I feel that my ability to create a strong therapeutic alliance with clients as one of my biggest strengths. For those suffering from PTSD/other past trauma, I offer EMDR therapy which continues to be researched as highly effective for individuals suffering from these conditions.
(314) 696-6089 View (314) 696-6089
Photo of Claire Pfeifer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Claire Pfeifer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63108  (Online Only)
Hi! Are you looking for a nonjudgmental space to process your feelings? Maybe emotions are overwhelming, and we need to take a step back and learn how to name and locate what you are feeling first. I work with clients of diverse backgrounds, sexual orientations, genders, and relationship structures. I specialize in assisting adults and couples to recognize and disrupt existing patterns learned throughout their lives, which can affect them in multiple ways. Additionally, I offer practical skills that can be applied immediately to address symptoms of anxiety, depression, and relationship issues, thereby improving overall functioning.
Hi! Are you looking for a nonjudgmental space to process your feelings? Maybe emotions are overwhelming, and we need to take a step back and learn how to name and locate what you are feeling first. I work with clients of diverse backgrounds, sexual orientations, genders, and relationship structures. I specialize in assisting adults and couples to recognize and disrupt existing patterns learned throughout their lives, which can affect them in multiple ways. Additionally, I offer practical skills that can be applied immediately to address symptoms of anxiety, depression, and relationship issues, thereby improving overall functioning.
(314) 207-9308 View (314) 207-9308
Photo of Lindsey Herzog, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Lindsey Herzog
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63119
Reaching out for support can feel overwhelming. However, everyone deserves the chance to explore underlying struggles that may be impacting daily living, contentment and happiness. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over fifteen years of experience. I have experience working with adults, young adults, adolescents, couples, and families in a variety of clinical settings. My treatment approach is compassionate, non-judgmental, and collaborative. I will help you set goals, examine unhealthy coping patterns and build on internal strengths. We will work together to learn healthier ways to navigate life's challenges.
Reaching out for support can feel overwhelming. However, everyone deserves the chance to explore underlying struggles that may be impacting daily living, contentment and happiness. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over fifteen years of experience. I have experience working with adults, young adults, adolescents, couples, and families in a variety of clinical settings. My treatment approach is compassionate, non-judgmental, and collaborative. I will help you set goals, examine unhealthy coping patterns and build on internal strengths. We will work together to learn healthier ways to navigate life's challenges.
(314) 328-7580 View (314) 328-7580
Photo of Jessica Kay Dowling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Jessica Kay Dowling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63144
What do you notice happening when life's demands feel too much? Do you begin to feel consumed by a critical voice? Perhaps hopelessness or shame takeover, and you aren't able to focus on what you need. You keep returning to coping strategies that aren't working, and the chaos of life leaves you exhausted. You know that you are ready for something different. I am here to listen and help you understand the "why" within your struggles. Our work will focus on allowing for all sides of you to have a voice, to be understood, and to have the space to grow.
What do you notice happening when life's demands feel too much? Do you begin to feel consumed by a critical voice? Perhaps hopelessness or shame takeover, and you aren't able to focus on what you need. You keep returning to coping strategies that aren't working, and the chaos of life leaves you exhausted. You know that you are ready for something different. I am here to listen and help you understand the "why" within your struggles. Our work will focus on allowing for all sides of you to have a voice, to be understood, and to have the space to grow.
(314) 626-8906 View (314) 626-8906
Photo of Jessica Heitman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Jessica Heitman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63128  (Online Only)
Do you find yourself caught between moments of joy and love, yet overwhelmed and adrift? Are you grappling with guilt as you navigate what should be a joyful time? Does your toddler's behavior make you feel like you are boiling over? The "what if's" of motherhood are keeping you on edge? Regardless what stage of motherhood you're in, together, we will ride the waves of motherhood with ease, grace, & confidence. For more information, visit wavesofmotherhood.com.
Do you find yourself caught between moments of joy and love, yet overwhelmed and adrift? Are you grappling with guilt as you navigate what should be a joyful time? Does your toddler's behavior make you feel like you are boiling over? The "what if's" of motherhood are keeping you on edge? Regardless what stage of motherhood you're in, together, we will ride the waves of motherhood with ease, grace, & confidence. For more information, visit wavesofmotherhood.com.
(314) 730-3954 View (314) 730-3954
Photo of Lisa Elwood, Psychologist in Saint Louis, MO
Lisa Elwood
Psychologist, PhD, HSPP, ABPP
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63123  (Online Only)
I work specifically with adult survivors of trauma and focus on trauma responses.
I work specifically with adult survivors of trauma and focus on trauma responses.
(317) 342-5730 View (317) 342-5730
Photo of Michelle Treece, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Michelle Treece
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63108  (Online Only)
Michelle Treece is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) who has more than 10 years of professional experience assisting adult and senior clients who are struggling with stress, trauma, PTSD, women’s issues, anxiety, depression, anger, dysfunctional relationships, poor coping skills, difficult life transitions, low self-esteem, and more.
Michelle Treece is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) who has more than 10 years of professional experience assisting adult and senior clients who are struggling with stress, trauma, PTSD, women’s issues, anxiety, depression, anger, dysfunctional relationships, poor coping skills, difficult life transitions, low self-esteem, and more.
(314) 648-8540 View (314) 648-8540
Photo of Wasma Aliya, Pre-Licensed Professional in Saint Louis, MO
Wasma Aliya
Pre-Licensed Professional, PLPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63139
Many of us go our entire lives with the feeling of being unseen and unheard. Some of us experience this so fully that we may even feel trapped in the stories others have written for us. What would it be like to feel accepted as you are? To show up authentically and know that was enough? You don’t need to be strong, happy, or put-together. We can embrace your beautiful mess and find your story of triumph together. It will take effort and may be tough at times, but I will go with you! I have experience working with adolescents, students, and adults on a wide variety of issues, such as homesickness, depression and low self esteem.
Many of us go our entire lives with the feeling of being unseen and unheard. Some of us experience this so fully that we may even feel trapped in the stories others have written for us. What would it be like to feel accepted as you are? To show up authentically and know that was enough? You don’t need to be strong, happy, or put-together. We can embrace your beautiful mess and find your story of triumph together. It will take effort and may be tough at times, but I will go with you! I have experience working with adolescents, students, and adults on a wide variety of issues, such as homesickness, depression and low self esteem.
(314) 886-8652 View (314) 886-8652
Photo of Kathleen Godefroid, Pre-Licensed Professional in Saint Louis, MO
Kathleen Godefroid
Pre-Licensed Professional, PLPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63129
Waitlist for new clients
I work with women to help rebuild a relationship with themselves that tells them they are good, and that the adversity they have experienced is not their fault. Many of my clients have experienced relational trauma that has silenced their voice, disconnected them from their emotions and bodily experience. I enjoy working with women on various issues including emotional abuse, powerlessness, relational issues (mother-daughter relationships), boundary issues, anxiety, depression, confusion and anger. I focus my energy into creating a safe space where you can begin to know and trust yourself, experiencing a sense of empowerment.
I work with women to help rebuild a relationship with themselves that tells them they are good, and that the adversity they have experienced is not their fault. Many of my clients have experienced relational trauma that has silenced their voice, disconnected them from their emotions and bodily experience. I enjoy working with women on various issues including emotional abuse, powerlessness, relational issues (mother-daughter relationships), boundary issues, anxiety, depression, confusion and anger. I focus my energy into creating a safe space where you can begin to know and trust yourself, experiencing a sense of empowerment.
(314) 742-8139 View (314) 742-8139
Photo of Rachel Wethers, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Rachel Wethers
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63111  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
No current openings at this time. Providing telehealth therapy to clients in the states of Illinois, Michigan, or Missouri. Trained and focused in therapies utilizing EMDR, Parts work, ACT/Mindfulness, and Nurturing/Relational approaches with trauma and anxiety. Special interests in Geek Therapy (gaming and pop-culture related) and Neurodivergence. Best at creating safe spaces with young adults (even at heart), teens, and children as young as age 10 who are comfortable with telehealth and digital tools.
No current openings at this time. Providing telehealth therapy to clients in the states of Illinois, Michigan, or Missouri. Trained and focused in therapies utilizing EMDR, Parts work, ACT/Mindfulness, and Nurturing/Relational approaches with trauma and anxiety. Special interests in Geek Therapy (gaming and pop-culture related) and Neurodivergence. Best at creating safe spaces with young adults (even at heart), teens, and children as young as age 10 who are comfortable with telehealth and digital tools.
(314) 441-7189 View (314) 441-7189

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Saint Louis, MO

1,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Saint Louis, MO who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
86% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
67% Stress
66% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
71% Aetna
71% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Saint Louis, MO see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Saint Louis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.