Transgender Therapists in Florida
Michael Keith Mueller
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, MA, RMHCI
Verified Verified
Online Only
I have experience working with teens and young adults from all walks of life but specialize in working with members of the LGBTQIA+ community, especially members of the transgender community. I have worked with individuals with anxiety and mood disorders, issues related to identity development, PTSD/trauma, autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, grief/loss, and life transitions and adjustment concerns. I continue to provide Gender Affirming Care Letters of Support, despite many legal attacks on the transgender community here in Florida. I believe that everyone is valid in their gender identity, and no law can change the veracity of that.
I have experience working with teens and young adults from all walks of life but specialize in working with members of the LGBTQIA+ community, especially members of the transgender community. I have worked with individuals with anxiety and mood disorders, issues related to identity development, PTSD/trauma, autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, grief/loss, and life transitions and adjustment concerns. I continue to provide Gender Affirming Care Letters of Support, despite many legal attacks on the transgender community here in Florida. I believe that everyone is valid in their gender identity, and no law can change the veracity of that.
I am a transgender man, a current PhD candidate, and an active transgender researcher.
I am of the belief that self love lends to a happier and more fulfilling life. Unfortunately, self love is not something that is intrinsic in many people raised in society today. Much of the work I do is to assist clients to gain a deeper understanding of themselves so that they may discover the power, passion, and innate joy that lies within. Often times when we are unknowingly disconnected from our internal experience, we may find that we direct significant judgment inward, which lends to feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, and shame. By opening our minds and expanding our view we can unlock the key to self love.
I am a transgender man, a current PhD candidate, and an active transgender researcher.
I am of the belief that self love lends to a happier and more fulfilling life. Unfortunately, self love is not something that is intrinsic in many people raised in society today. Much of the work I do is to assist clients to gain a deeper understanding of themselves so that they may discover the power, passion, and innate joy that lies within. Often times when we are unknowingly disconnected from our internal experience, we may find that we direct significant judgment inward, which lends to feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, and shame. By opening our minds and expanding our view we can unlock the key to self love.
I work with all in assisting with depression, anxiety, workplace issues and relationship concerns. My passion is working with the LGBT community. I specialize in the transgender community. Are you feeling disconnected from your born gender identity? Do you look in the mirror and wish you saw a different image? Are you needing assisting in planning this journey of gender awareness? Are you scared of what others will think, who you can tell, and wonder if medical transition should be part of your future? Need letters for surgeries? Let me Help! I am BDSM and Poly friendly.
I work with all in assisting with depression, anxiety, workplace issues and relationship concerns. My passion is working with the LGBT community. I specialize in the transgender community. Are you feeling disconnected from your born gender identity? Do you look in the mirror and wish you saw a different image? Are you needing assisting in planning this journey of gender awareness? Are you scared of what others will think, who you can tell, and wonder if medical transition should be part of your future? Need letters for surgeries? Let me Help! I am BDSM and Poly friendly.
Intuitive Transformations, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tampa, FL 33607
So, whether you are; gay, straight, transgender, borderline, bi-polar, or bi-sexual, I look forward to the opportunity to walk with you on your journey and help you to embrace the new you!.
Have you, or your feelings been holding you back? Are you living through the lens of the past that is informing your present? Do you find yourself engaging in outdated beliefs, relationships, societal norms and expectations that just don't seem to resonate with you anymore? Sometimes when you grow outside of the box that you used to call home you find yourself wandering around not knowing exactly where you fit or how to transition into the new version of yourself. Before you start cramming yourself back into the old box you just broke out of, it might be time to start embodying the new you!
So, whether you are; gay, straight, transgender, borderline, bi-polar, or bi-sexual, I look forward to the opportunity to walk with you on your journey and help you to embrace the new you!.
Have you, or your feelings been holding you back? Are you living through the lens of the past that is informing your present? Do you find yourself engaging in outdated beliefs, relationships, societal norms and expectations that just don't seem to resonate with you anymore? Sometimes when you grow outside of the box that you used to call home you find yourself wandering around not knowing exactly where you fit or how to transition into the new version of yourself. Before you start cramming yourself back into the old box you just broke out of, it might be time to start embodying the new you!
Additionally, as I am a Certified Transgender Care Therapist and am currently a Doctoral Candidate in a Clinical Sexology PhD program, I am passionate about serving members of the LGBTQ+ population and their families to provide a safe and nonjudgmental space for self-exploration and self-acceptance.
I am dedicated to working with adolescents and adults who are striving to have the healthiest lives possible. I provide services to individuals, couples and families experiencing issues such as anxiety, depression, stress management, eating disorders, women’s issues, sexual issues, relationship issues, etc. My expertise includes applying individualized therapeutic skills and techniques to help my clients reach their therapy goals as quickly as possible while continuously conveying the message that you are enough, and ensuring you feel confident in your decisions and supported on your path.
Additionally, as I am a Certified Transgender Care Therapist and am currently a Doctoral Candidate in a Clinical Sexology PhD program, I am passionate about serving members of the LGBTQ+ population and their families to provide a safe and nonjudgmental space for self-exploration and self-acceptance.
I am dedicated to working with adolescents and adults who are striving to have the healthiest lives possible. I provide services to individuals, couples and families experiencing issues such as anxiety, depression, stress management, eating disorders, women’s issues, sexual issues, relationship issues, etc. My expertise includes applying individualized therapeutic skills and techniques to help my clients reach their therapy goals as quickly as possible while continuously conveying the message that you are enough, and ensuring you feel confident in your decisions and supported on your path.
Andrea works and is apart of the LGBTQ+ Community identifying as a lesbian transgender woman who is clinically licensed and has several years of diverse mental health experience.
Andrea Gorney(She/Her/Hers), psychotherapist, is the owner and Licensed Mental Heath Counselor associated with Ti Plant Services. She is able to provide support and assistance nationwide through virtual psychotherapy services and in office psychotherapy services in Osceola or Brevard County. Give us a call or email us at TiPlantServices(At)outlook.com. Our rates are fixed at $45 for online individual therapy or with one of many insurance companies that she now accepts(with your copay rate). I also now have in person meetings at office in Kissimmee or Melbourne. I also write letters and no longer charge a fee for any letters written.
Andrea works and is apart of the LGBTQ+ Community identifying as a lesbian transgender woman who is clinically licensed and has several years of diverse mental health experience.
Andrea Gorney(She/Her/Hers), psychotherapist, is the owner and Licensed Mental Heath Counselor associated with Ti Plant Services. She is able to provide support and assistance nationwide through virtual psychotherapy services and in office psychotherapy services in Osceola or Brevard County. Give us a call or email us at TiPlantServices(At)outlook.com. Our rates are fixed at $45 for online individual therapy or with one of many insurance companies that she now accepts(with your copay rate). I also now have in person meetings at office in Kissimmee or Melbourne. I also write letters and no longer charge a fee for any letters written.
I am an LGBTQ+, Kink, and Gender-Affirming practitioner, and a member of the transgender and queer community.
You don’t have to face this alone. I want to provide you a safe space to express your emotions and feel heard, explore yourself and your identity, work on reaching your goals, and learn new skills and tools that can help you cope through your day-to-day life. Hello, my name is Aron Cyrrian and my pronouns are he/him/his. I specialize in working with LGBTQ+ experiences, gender dysphoria, kink and BDSM, mood disorders (depression, bipolar, anxiety), and trauma. I believe strongly in the importance of building a connection with each client and providing individualized care depending on what you want to focus on in counseling.
I am an LGBTQ+, Kink, and Gender-Affirming practitioner, and a member of the transgender and queer community.
You don’t have to face this alone. I want to provide you a safe space to express your emotions and feel heard, explore yourself and your identity, work on reaching your goals, and learn new skills and tools that can help you cope through your day-to-day life. Hello, my name is Aron Cyrrian and my pronouns are he/him/his. I specialize in working with LGBTQ+ experiences, gender dysphoria, kink and BDSM, mood disorders (depression, bipolar, anxiety), and trauma. I believe strongly in the importance of building a connection with each client and providing individualized care depending on what you want to focus on in counseling.
I'm an open and judgment-free counselor whose goal is to collaborate with clients to help them discover more about themselves & navigate through difficult times. I use an integrative approach when working with clients and believe that the client knows best in regard to their needs. I support individuals navigating their personal journeys, whether that be dealing with gender identity, affectional orientation, addiction, reentry support, depression, etc.… My passions include working with adolescent and adult transgender, genderqueer individuals, and individuals who are reentering society after being in prison or jail.
I'm an open and judgment-free counselor whose goal is to collaborate with clients to help them discover more about themselves & navigate through difficult times. I use an integrative approach when working with clients and believe that the client knows best in regard to their needs. I support individuals navigating their personal journeys, whether that be dealing with gender identity, affectional orientation, addiction, reentry support, depression, etc.… My passions include working with adolescent and adult transgender, genderqueer individuals, and individuals who are reentering society after being in prison or jail.
I also specialize in treating gender dysphoria, and writing HRT Readiness Assessments, adherent to WPATH guidelines.
We cannot change past chapters of our lives. Where we can take power is now, and the future chapters we have yet to write. If we don't address something unhealthy, every aspect of life can become impacted negatively. Whether you are wanting to learn to manage mental health symptoms, begin the transitioning process, seeking help for everyday concerns like relationship issues, job stress or self-doubt, or experiencing difficult times such as divorce and loss, things can improve. I assure you the strength and ability you will use is already residing in you.
I also specialize in treating gender dysphoria, and writing HRT Readiness Assessments, adherent to WPATH guidelines.
We cannot change past chapters of our lives. Where we can take power is now, and the future chapters we have yet to write. If we don't address something unhealthy, every aspect of life can become impacted negatively. Whether you are wanting to learn to manage mental health symptoms, begin the transitioning process, seeking help for everyday concerns like relationship issues, job stress or self-doubt, or experiencing difficult times such as divorce and loss, things can improve. I assure you the strength and ability you will use is already residing in you.
I specialize in LGBTQA+ & transgender/non-binary healthcare (including gender affirming letters of support), habit & lifestyle change (smoking cessation, weight management, sleep, chronic pain, time management/procrastination), helping patients who are having having trouble coping or adjusting to medical conditions & general mental health.
Hi there! I'm Jack and I'm a licensed clinical psychologist. My practice The Evergreen Initiative, LLC is 100% virtual. I am PSYPACT certified and able to see patients in the following states: AL, AZ, AR, CO, CT, DE, DC, FL, GA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, ME, MD, MI, MN, MS, MO, NE, NV, NH, NJ, ND, NC, OH, OK, PA, RI, TN, TX, UT, VA, WV, WI, WY.
I specialize in LGBTQA+ & transgender/non-binary healthcare (including gender affirming letters of support), habit & lifestyle change (smoking cessation, weight management, sleep, chronic pain, time management/procrastination), helping patients who are having having trouble coping or adjusting to medical conditions & general mental health.
Hi there! I'm Jack and I'm a licensed clinical psychologist. My practice The Evergreen Initiative, LLC is 100% virtual. I am PSYPACT certified and able to see patients in the following states: AL, AZ, AR, CO, CT, DE, DC, FL, GA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, ME, MD, MI, MN, MS, MO, NE, NV, NH, NJ, ND, NC, OH, OK, PA, RI, TN, TX, UT, VA, WV, WI, WY.
Katie D Horton
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, MA
Verified Verified
Winter Park, FL 32792
In addition, being transgender myself, I bring a depth of clarity and understanding in working with the transgender and gender expansive community.
If you are reading my profile, then you are already on your way to taking the next step in your process to live a life that brings you more joy and authenticity. Finding the right therapist for you can be a journey. It takes courage and strength to reach out to someone and share what is surfacing in your life and you deserve a safe space to explore that. I understand there is also often anxiety about reaching out, so I offer my clients that safe space for us to connect. I am passionate about my client’s therapeutic process and providing tools and skills to co-create with you a path through the challenges that you are facing.
In addition, being transgender myself, I bring a depth of clarity and understanding in working with the transgender and gender expansive community.
If you are reading my profile, then you are already on your way to taking the next step in your process to live a life that brings you more joy and authenticity. Finding the right therapist for you can be a journey. It takes courage and strength to reach out to someone and share what is surfacing in your life and you deserve a safe space to explore that. I understand there is also often anxiety about reaching out, so I offer my clients that safe space for us to connect. I am passionate about my client’s therapeutic process and providing tools and skills to co-create with you a path through the challenges that you are facing.
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Are you feeling anxious or depressed about transitions in your life, such as grief or gender expression? I am here to help. I specialize in transgender issues and grief and loss. I will assist you in finding a way through the seemingly endless fog of choices and questions you may have. By helping you set goals and move through what you are experiencing to aid you in achieving your most authentic self and healing. Regardless of where you are starting in your process.
Are you feeling anxious or depressed about transitions in your life, such as grief or gender expression? I am here to help. I specialize in transgender issues and grief and loss. I will assist you in finding a way through the seemingly endless fog of choices and questions you may have. By helping you set goals and move through what you are experiencing to aid you in achieving your most authentic self and healing. Regardless of where you are starting in your process.
Mick D Rehrig
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Saint Petersburg, FL 33702
I provide play therapy and family support and coaching for transgender and non-binary folks.
Welcome! I believe in therapy that affirms, empowers, and supports people to recognize patterns, navigate changes, bolster personal growth and self-worth, and figure things out.Collaboration with the folks I work with is of utmost importance to me, guided by clinical theory and evidence-based therapeutic techniques that work for you.I utilize a strengths based, anti-racist, intersectional feminist approach. I work with clients navigating healthy masculinity, internalized oppression, gender dysphoria, addiction recovery, depression, sexuality, relationship stressors & boundaries, family of origin challenges, life transitions, & more.
I provide play therapy and family support and coaching for transgender and non-binary folks.
Welcome! I believe in therapy that affirms, empowers, and supports people to recognize patterns, navigate changes, bolster personal growth and self-worth, and figure things out.Collaboration with the folks I work with is of utmost importance to me, guided by clinical theory and evidence-based therapeutic techniques that work for you.I utilize a strengths based, anti-racist, intersectional feminist approach. I work with clients navigating healthy masculinity, internalized oppression, gender dysphoria, addiction recovery, depression, sexuality, relationship stressors & boundaries, family of origin challenges, life transitions, & more.
Kris Lewis-Grinwis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I specialize in working with LGBQ, Transgender, and consensually nonmonogamous clients; as well as clients in the kink/BDSM community.
Making the decision to change your life can be scary. I'm dedicated to helping others work through difficult choices and helping them move their lives in a positive direction. I want to help you discover patterns and behaviors that have been holding you back, and build skills to make your life better in the future. I use an intersectional trans-inclusive feminist lens and use an eclectic combination of CBT, DBT, Motivational Interviewing, and Behavioral Therapy to help solve problems. Making the decision to seek treatment is the first step. I would love to help you make your life one worth living!
I specialize in working with LGBQ, Transgender, and consensually nonmonogamous clients; as well as clients in the kink/BDSM community.
Making the decision to change your life can be scary. I'm dedicated to helping others work through difficult choices and helping them move their lives in a positive direction. I want to help you discover patterns and behaviors that have been holding you back, and build skills to make your life better in the future. I use an intersectional trans-inclusive feminist lens and use an eclectic combination of CBT, DBT, Motivational Interviewing, and Behavioral Therapy to help solve problems. Making the decision to seek treatment is the first step. I would love to help you make your life one worth living!
I am board certified in transgender mental health and have expertise in sexual orientation and gender identity development.
Have you been struggling to engage in your life? Experiencing uncertainty about what direction is the right one to choose? Feeling anxious or depressed? Having questions about relationships, sex, gender, or sexuality? Could you use another perspective, or would you like someone to help you figure things out? I'm Dr. Scott Harvey, and I'm a licensed psychologist who provides culturally and sexuality-sensitive individual therapy, and I’m here to help. I offer a free consultation and can be reached by both phone and email.
I am board certified in transgender mental health and have expertise in sexual orientation and gender identity development.
Have you been struggling to engage in your life? Experiencing uncertainty about what direction is the right one to choose? Feeling anxious or depressed? Having questions about relationships, sex, gender, or sexuality? Could you use another perspective, or would you like someone to help you figure things out? I'm Dr. Scott Harvey, and I'm a licensed psychologist who provides culturally and sexuality-sensitive individual therapy, and I’m here to help. I offer a free consultation and can be reached by both phone and email.
I specialize in LGBTQ+ affirming therapy; I am a current member of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH).
Do you often feel unfulfilled or dissatisfied with various aspects of your life? Are you motivated to make positive changes, resulting in overall improved mental health? If the above resonates with you, psychotherapy may be a great option! The therapeutic process aids by raising self-awareness and building the confidence needed to affect changes in your life, all while providing the emotional support you need.
I specialize in LGBTQ+ affirming therapy; I am a current member of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH).
Do you often feel unfulfilled or dissatisfied with various aspects of your life? Are you motivated to make positive changes, resulting in overall improved mental health? If the above resonates with you, psychotherapy may be a great option! The therapeutic process aids by raising self-awareness and building the confidence needed to affect changes in your life, all while providing the emotional support you need.
SUPPORT: Are you a spouse, partner, parent, child or friend of someone who has identified as transgender or nonbinary? When a person begins a gender transition, family and friends may also experience unknowns.
My specialty area is working with folks who are transgender/nonbinary/gender fluid or not sure, as well as people in the LGBTQ+ community. I see teens ages 14 and up, and adults. If you or a loved one is struggling with gender identity, sexuality or how to navigate through gender transition, please contact me. Although reaching out to a therapist can be scary, you’ve already taken the first step. Together we can create an individual plan to help you become the best, and most authentic, version of you. I have experience working with ADHD, autism, anxiety, depression, and trauma.
SUPPORT: Are you a spouse, partner, parent, child or friend of someone who has identified as transgender or nonbinary? When a person begins a gender transition, family and friends may also experience unknowns.
My specialty area is working with folks who are transgender/nonbinary/gender fluid or not sure, as well as people in the LGBTQ+ community. I see teens ages 14 and up, and adults. If you or a loved one is struggling with gender identity, sexuality or how to navigate through gender transition, please contact me. Although reaching out to a therapist can be scary, you’ve already taken the first step. Together we can create an individual plan to help you become the best, and most authentic, version of you. I have experience working with ADHD, autism, anxiety, depression, and trauma.
Psychological Health And Therapy Center
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fort Lauderdale, FL 33301
In a safe, affirming, stigma-free environment, we specialize in therapy for persons who identity as transgender & gender non-conforming, as well as those exploring their gender and/or sexuality.
Are you suffering from anxiety, depression, or STRESS? Are you facing difficult life transitions and adjustment issues. Is your relationship in peril or in the need of a refresher? Do you need to learn better coping strategies. Let us assist you... At the Psychological Health And Therapy Center we see every person as a unique and awesome individual. Our goal is to assist you on your journey to discover and cultivate the best you, that you want to be. Our clinicians are licensed and highly trained in their area of treatment, to ensure the highest quality of therapy for those that wish to work with us.
In a safe, affirming, stigma-free environment, we specialize in therapy for persons who identity as transgender & gender non-conforming, as well as those exploring their gender and/or sexuality.
Are you suffering from anxiety, depression, or STRESS? Are you facing difficult life transitions and adjustment issues. Is your relationship in peril or in the need of a refresher? Do you need to learn better coping strategies. Let us assist you... At the Psychological Health And Therapy Center we see every person as a unique and awesome individual. Our goal is to assist you on your journey to discover and cultivate the best you, that you want to be. Our clinicians are licensed and highly trained in their area of treatment, to ensure the highest quality of therapy for those that wish to work with us.
Ellen and Pam @ TherapySafeSpace
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Lake Worth, FL 33467
Whether gay, transgender, nonbinary, straight, or questioning, there is no need to continue to live with uncertainty, pain, anxiety, or depression when there is help available.
SAFE SPACE THERAPY: With over 30 years combined experience, Ellen Cohen, LCSW and Pam Figoras can offer you LGBTQ+Gender-Affirming, individual, family, couples and parents From a position of skill with a caring commitment to your growth.
Whether gay, transgender, nonbinary, straight, or questioning, there is no need to continue to live with uncertainty, pain, anxiety, or depression when there is help available.
SAFE SPACE THERAPY: With over 30 years combined experience, Ellen Cohen, LCSW and Pam Figoras can offer you LGBTQ+Gender-Affirming, individual, family, couples and parents From a position of skill with a caring commitment to your growth.
Inspire Recovery
Registered Social Worker Intern, MSW
Not Verified Not Verified
West Palm Beach, FL 33401
I work with Trans and queer folk suffering from Gender Dysphoria & body dysmorphia and help my clients to take care of Gender Dysphoria with connecting my clients with a doctor to provide hormones if they desire to better align with their identity as we see this as a human right.
Jaki Neering, MSW, takes a loving & progressive approach when working with the LGBTQIA+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, Asexual + community. She graduated from Barry University in 2016 with a Master in Social Work. Jaki believes in the power of trauma-informed interventions, which recognizes human vulnerability but focuses on finding strengths, resources, and capacity for healing and recovery, by promoting factors that will enhance a person's resilience. She has a passion for empowering marginalized populations, and she is devoted to serving the LGBTQIA+ population suffering with alcoholism, drug addiction & mental health issues. Jaki assists individuals in finding their voice, and advocates for self-expression. Additionally, Jaki believes in the transformation of recovery, and is passionate about helping others find their truth.
I work with Trans and queer folk suffering from Gender Dysphoria & body dysmorphia and help my clients to take care of Gender Dysphoria with connecting my clients with a doctor to provide hormones if they desire to better align with their identity as we see this as a human right.
Jaki Neering, MSW, takes a loving & progressive approach when working with the LGBTQIA+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, Asexual + community. She graduated from Barry University in 2016 with a Master in Social Work. Jaki believes in the power of trauma-informed interventions, which recognizes human vulnerability but focuses on finding strengths, resources, and capacity for healing and recovery, by promoting factors that will enhance a person's resilience. She has a passion for empowering marginalized populations, and she is devoted to serving the LGBTQIA+ population suffering with alcoholism, drug addiction & mental health issues. Jaki assists individuals in finding their voice, and advocates for self-expression. Additionally, Jaki believes in the transformation of recovery, and is passionate about helping others find their truth.
See more therapy options for Florida
Transgender Therapists
As a gender-diverse individual, why might I want to see a therapist who is also gender diverse?
A trans or gender-diverse client may want to see a therapist who is also trans or gender diverse because the client may feel safer sharing their experiences and more confident that the therapist will understand, validate, and support them. But trans or gender-diverse clients can also benefit from therapy with cisgender therapists; this is a personal decision based on the connection between the client and the therapist, and if that connection is strong, therapy will be successful.
What if I cannot find a therapist who shares my gender identity?
Therapy can still be effective if a therapist does not share a client’s gender identity; a large body of research indicates that the most important factor in successful therapy is the therapeutic alliance. A therapist can also be interviewed for sensitivity and competence on gender identity and expression to ensure they possess appropriate knowledge and skills. Many therapists have excellent training and extensive experience working with gender-diverse clients, and that expertise can be invaluable despite a therapist not sharing the same firsthand experiences.
How can I recognize a good therapist for working with gender-diverse clients?
An experienced therapist should be able to help clients explore their gender identity and expression, alleviate discomfort related to their gender identity, treat mental health challenges and trauma, address existing relationships and communication with family members and loved ones, and determine the next steps pertaining to nonmedical or medical gender-affirming interventions. To recognize a good therapist, clients can ask about these topics and explore their comfort and connection with the clinician.
How might I inquire about a therapist’s experience working with transgender clients?
Clients should feel comfortable asking therapists directly about their experience working with transgender or gender-diverse clientele. For example, clients may ask about the therapist’s training and education with regard to gender identity, how many trans clients they’ve worked with in the past, and what sorts of matters were discussed. You may wish to inquire how a therapist specifically supports the needs of transgender clients or clients questioning their gender identity. A good clinician who is nonetheless not the right fit for you is often happy to make referrals to others based on the concerns you articulate in a preliminary conversation.